la reforma protestante en inglés presentación principales

1. Henry VIII’s Great Matter
What was it?
And what would you have done?

2. Recap – the background
• Problems with the Catholic Church
• Protests in Germany – Martin Luther (1517)
• A new Church is formed in Germany – the
Protestant Church
• Many European kings and princes leave the
Catholic Church and make the churches in
their states Protestant. The English king looks
on with interest… who was he?

3. Today’s lesson
• Henry VII, the first Tudor king, was a very
successful ruler. When he died in 1509, the
Crown was rich, and his son, Henry, was
able to take over without there being any
protests.
• Today we are going to learn more about
Henry VIII. We will use a range of sources
to find out what kind of a man he was, and
how he liked other people to see him.
• We will then look at the big problem he
faced during his reign, and how it led him
to cause the Reformation to take place in
England.
Henry VIII as a young man

4. Henry VIII: Skills and Talents
Henry was England’s most tireless horseman, foremost
wrestler and a first class archer.
Written by a historian in 1999
He is very talented: a good musician who composes well. He
speaks good French, Latin and Spanish.
He is fond of hunting, and never takes his sport without
tiring eight or ten horses.
Written by a close friend of Henry VIII

5. Henry VIII: Religion
• Henry is very religious. He hears three masses
daily when he hunts and sometimes five on
other days.
• Written by a close friend of Henry VIII

6. Henry VIII: Appearance
• He wore a cap of crimson and velvet the
French way. The brim was tied with loops
that had gold tags. Around his neck was a
gold collar from which hung a diamond,
the size of the largest walnut I have ever
seen. From this hung a beautiful and very
round pearl. His cloak was of pure velvet
with a train almost six feet long.
• Written by a foreign visitor to Henry VIII’s
court.

7. How would you describe Henry
VIII in this portrait?
Do you think he looked exactly
like this in real life?
What might have been
exaggerated, and why?

8. Henry VIII’s character
powerful
weak
impressive
wealthy
sporty
religious
talented
musical
shy
educated
ill
humble
Strong-minded
thin

9. Henry VIII and Religion
As he was the second son of Henry VII, it had been expected that
the young Prince Henry would eventually be given an important
position in the Church. Religious teaching had therefore been
important to him as a young boy.
When his older brother, Arthur, died, he became next in line to be
king, and he married Arthur’s widow, Katharine of Aragon. But he
was still apparently a religious man – as we’ve seen, he attended
mass up to five times a day and regularly went on pilgrimages.
When he heard about Luther’s ideas, he wrote a book defending
the Catholic Church. The Pope thought he was such a good Catholic
that he gave him the title ‘Defender of the Faith’.

10. So what did he think?
• So what do you think Henry’s reaction would
have been to news of the Reformation in
Europe?

11. So what changed?
• Yet despite his previous commitment to the
Catholic Church, by the 1530s Henry was
seriously thinking about breaking away from the
Pope and forming his own, Protestant, Church of
England.
• What had changed? We are going to look at some
of the issues which led Henry VIII to make this
huge change, which would have an effect on
England which has lasted to the present day.

12. The Great Matter
• Henry had married Katharine of Aragon, a Spanish
princess, in 1509. She had previously been married to
Henry’s older brother, Arthur, who had died as a
teenager.
• Henry wanted a son to continue the Tudor line, but by
1530, Henry’s only surviving child was a girl, Mary.
• Henry said that he thought God was punishing him
for marrying his brother’s widow. He convinced
himself that God did not approve of the marriage and
that this was why he couldn’t have a boy.
• He decided that he needed to end this marriage and
sent his Archbishop, Cardinal Wolsey, to ask the Pope
for an annulment (a ‘cancellation’ of the marriage, as
if it had never existed – not quite the same as a
divorce).
• He already had a new wife in mind – Katherine’s lady-
in-waiting, Anne Boleyn.

13. Was an unhappy marriage the only reason Henry had
for breaking away from the Catholic Church?
• The Pope was not keen on allowing Henry to
end his marriage to Katherine. In his view, the
marriage was legal. But perhaps more
importantly, he was being held prisoner by
Katherine’s nephew, Charles, who did not
want his aunt to be humiliated by Henry. To
end his marriage, Henry would have to leave
the Catholic Church. He could then give
himself permission (!) to separate from
Katherine.
• However, there were other good reasons why
Henry was considering forming a new,
Protestant Church in England. Think back to
yesterday – why else might becoming
Protestant have appealed to him?
Pope Clement VII

14. I need a son. I have
been married for 20
years and my wife,
Catherine of Aragon
is too old to have any
more children. Who
will inherit my throne
when I die?
I spy an attractive lady
– in-waiting called Anne
Boleyn. If only I could
marry her instead. Will
the Pope give me an
annulment?
The Church is very rich.
I need money for my
luxurious court. If only I
could get my hands on it.
The new Protestant
ideas are spreading
in Germany.
Princes there are
reforming their
churches and
throwing out the
Catholic Church.
Some people in England like the new
Protestant ideas. They believe that the
Bible should be in English not Latin.
The Church takes
money out of my
country in taxes to
help build St
Peter’s in Rome.
What do I get in
return?

15. In the end, it was a clear choice...
• Henry eventually decided that there
was no point in waiting for the Pope
to change his mind. Anne Boleyn
was now pregnant and he needed
to marry her before the child was
born to ensure that the child would
legally be able to inherit the throne.
• Plus, the temptations of the huge
wealth of the Church were just too
great to resist...

16. What did Henry do next?
• He made himself Supreme Head of the
new ‘Church of England’.
• He rid himself of his old Catholic
Archbishop, Wolsey, and appointed a
new Protestant archbishop, Cranmer.
• He annulled his own marriage to
Katherine and married Anne Boleyn
(who was already pregnant – he hoped
with a son).
• He bullied anyone who opposed his
break from the Catholic Church – even
executing men he had previously
trusted.
• He closed all of the monasteries and
nunneries in England and took over all
of their lands and wealth.

17. Task
Task 1 – in pairs put in order the reformation of the church
Task 2- freeze frame. Each group will be given an event from the Reformation that they
have to act out. Then as a class we will retell the story of the Reformation of the Church.
Task 3 – Answer the following question in less than 50 words:
Why did Henry VIII change the religion of England?
Make sure you EXPLAIN your points
KEY WORDS: 1533 – Reformation - Catherine of Aragon – Heir - Anne Boleyn
-Catholic - Pope – Divorce - Church of England
Why did I
do it?

18. A) In 1538 Henry ordered that all Bibles be in read in English not
Latin
B) In 1533 Henry gave himself a divorce
C) Henry married Anne Boleyn
D) Henry asks the Pope for a divorce but he says no
E) Henry made himself Head of the Church of England instead of
the Pope so he could do as he wanted
F) Henry VIII marries Catherine of Aragon in 1509
G) Henry falls in love with Anne Boleyn and wants a divorce
H) Catherine gives birth to a daughter Mary