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1. Red Hat Enterprise Linux
a crash course

2. 1
La 1ère école 100 % dédiée à l'open source
Open Source School est fondée à l'initiative de Smile, leader de
l'intégration et de l'infogérance open source, et de l'EPSI,établissement
privé pionnier de l’enseignement supérieur en informatique.
Dans le cadre du Programme d’Investissements d’Avenir (PIA), le
gouvernement français a décidé de soutenir la création de cette école en
lui attribuant une première aide de 1,4M€ et confirme sa volonté de
soutenir la filière du Logiciel Libre actuellement en plein développement.
Avec une croissance annuelle de plus de 10%, et 4 000
postes vacants chaque année dans le secteur du Logiciel
Libre, OSS entend répondre à la pénurie de compétences du
secteur en mobilisant l’ensemble de l’écosystème et en
proposant la plus vaste offre en matière de formation aux
technologies open source tant en formation initiale qu'en
formation continue.

3. 2
Les formations du plein emploi !
 Formation Continue
Open Source School "Executive Education" est un organisme
de formation qui propose un catalogue de plus de 200
formations professionnelles et différents dispositifs de
reconversion permettant le retour à l’emploi (POE) ou une
meilleure employabilité pour de nombreux professionnels de
l’informatique.
 Pour vos demandes : formations@opensourceschool.fr
 Formation Initiale
100% logiciels libres et 100% alternance, le cursus Open
Source School s’appuie sur le référentiel des blocs de
compétences de l’EPSI.
Il est sanctionné par un titre de niveau I RNCP, Bac+5.
Le programme est proposé dans 6 campus à Bordeaux, Lille,
Lyon, Montpellier, Nantes, Paris.

4. 3
Nos domaines de formations

5. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Plan
1 Introduction to RHEL
2 Basic system administration
3 Package management
4 Differences in system components
5 Finding help
6 Practice
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6. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Introduction to RHEL
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7. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
History
History
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8. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
History
History
1991: Linux 0.01
1994: Red Hat Linux 1.0
1996: Debian 1.1
1997: RPM
2003: Fedora and RHEL
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9. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Licencing
Licencing
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10. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Licencing
Licencing
Red Hat Enterprise Linux is a commercial distribution of open
source software
You need to pay a subscribtion for updates and support
Sources are freely available
Source availability led to community managed derivatives :
CentOS : enterprise focused
Scientific Linux : for science !
Also commercial derivatives like Oracle Linux
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11. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Lifecycle
Lifecycle
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12. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Lifecycle
Lifecycle
RHEL versions have only one number (RHEL4, RHEL5,
RHEL6,...)
5 years of active life (bugfixes and improvements)
5 years of maintenance (only security fixes)
3 years of special Extended Life Cycle (only some security
fixes), additional subscription required
additional subscription requires
Incremental updates (4.5, 5.6, 6.1 ...)
Debian only has a lifecycle of 3 years, similar to the
maintenance phase
Versions of components may slightly change between updates,
but no major upgrades
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13. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Basic system administration
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14. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Don’t panic!
Don’t panic!
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15. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Don’t panic!
Don’t panic!
RHEL is similar to debian, and most other distributions
All kernel utilities are the same : uname, ps, top, vmstat,
ifconfig,...
Basic GNU utilities are the same : sort, grep, awk, ...
Only high-level sysadmin tools change : apt-get,
update-rc.d, ...
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16. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
System configuration
System configuration
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17. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
System configuration
System configuration
Most config files are in /etc/sysconfig
sysconfig/network : gateway, DNS...
sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 : interface
configuration
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18. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Service management
Service management
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19. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Service management
Service management
chkconfig --list (--add ...) : manage enabled services
service httpd start
service network restart
use init.d and rcN.d in the background
When you install a package, it will not automatically be
started for you
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20. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Package management
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21. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Package management
Package management uses yum
repositories in /etc/yum.repos.d
yum search keywork
yum info package
yum install package
yum remove package
yum update [package]
yum clean all
rpm -qa
rpm -ql package
rpm -qf /path/to/file
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22. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
EPEL repository
RedHat has much less packages than Debian, usually,
additional packages are required
The only allowed repository is EPEL (Extra Packages for
Enterprise Linux)
Maintainted by the Fedora Project
Stability is guaranteed
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23. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Differences in system componen
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24. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
apache
apache
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25. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
apache
apache
Apache is called httpd
The user is called apache
Default docroot is /var/www/html
Config in /etc/httpd/conf
VHosts in /etc/httpd/conf.d/*.conf
/etc/init.d/httpd configtest
/etc/init.d/httpd reload
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26. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
php
php
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27. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
php
php
Config is in /etc/php.ini
Includes in /etc/php.d
You can copy php.ini to php-cli.ini if you want a
different config for batchs
On RHEL5.6 and above, you can use PHP 5.3 through the
php53 packages
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28. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
mysql
mysql
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29. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
mysql
mysql
Configuration is in /etc/my.cnf
almost nothing by default
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30. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Finding help
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31. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Finding help
From the included documentation :
yum install [links] Deployment Guide-en-US
htmlview
/usr/share/doc/Deployment Guide-en-US-5.2/index.html
Online :
http://docs.redhat.com/
The Deployment Guide is the most interesting document
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32. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Practice
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33. Introduction to RHEL Basic system administration Package management Differences in system components Finding help Practic
Practice
Install varnish (from EPEL)
Make varnish listen on port 80
Make apache listen on port 8080
Make varnish use apache as a backend
Make varnish start on boot
Make varnish log using apache format (varnishncsa)
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