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Recognizing culture & diversity in occupational therapy practice 2011
- 1. Recognizing Culture & Diversityin Occupational Therapy Practice Becky Jenkins, MS, OTR/L
- 2. It is themark of the cultured man that he is aware of the fact that equality is an ethical and not a biological principle” --------Ashley Montagu
- 3. What is cultureto you? Do you think about it? Do others think about it? “The nature of human nature is a culturally constructed entity, invisible to us, because we are immersed in it.” ---Unknown
- 4. Culture by Definition •Learned, shared experiences that provide the individual and the group with effective mechanisms for interacting with others and the environment • Examples? – Values – Attitudes – Morals – Customs – Traditions – Language – Food – Religion – Socioeconomic status – Sexual orientation
- 5. Let’s Look atCulture Terms • Belief – something held to be true or actual • Values – regarded as desirable, worthy, right, ideal • Morals – conduct or character from the point of view of right and wrong
- 6. Where Do OurBeliefs Come From? Communities Economics History Politics Religion Friends Mass Media Families Cultural Beliefs
- 7. Changing Cultures Interaction with OtherPeople Societal Values Revision of Culture Culture
- 8. Words We Use When DiscussingCulture
- 9. Race • One ofthe major subdivisions of man • Regarded as having a common origin and exhibiting a relatively constant set of physical traits • Is not the same as culture, historical experience, or privilege • Race can shape culture • Great variation within and between races
- 10. Ethnicity “An ethnic groupis a human population whose members identify with each other, usually on the basis of a presumed common genealogy or ancestry. Ethnic groups are also usually united by common cultural, behavioural, linguistic, or religious practices. In this sense, an ethnic group is also a cultural community” ----Wikipedia, November 27, 2006
- 11. • Myths – unfoundedor poorly founded beliefs that are given uncritical acceptance by members of a group • Stereotypes – mental pictures based on myths that lead people to associate a characteristic with particular groups of people
- 13. • Generalization – toapply a concept broadly; avoids details and specifics • Are generalizations always negative? • Are they all accurate? • Xenophobia – unreasonable fear or hatred of those different from ourselves
- 15. Are these thingslearned or inherent in our nature?
- 16. The Role ofthe OTA--Ethics • OT Code of Ethics – We are responsible for providing services without regard to race, creed, national origin, sex, age, handicap, disease entity, social status, or religious affiliation.
- 17. How Does CultureAffect our Clients? • Self esteem/self-worth • Access to medical care, job choices, leisure and activity resources • Rights and opportunities/privileges • Interactions with others • Resources • Health • Discrimination • Personal view of potential
- 18. The Role ofthe OTA • Be self aware • Look beyond knowledge base • Collaborate with goal setting • Individualize treatment • Base assessments on the patient’s culture, not yours • Provide access to all services • Improve equity, fairness, and appropriateness of treatment
- 19. • Listen toclient’s view of life • Understand the social restraints • Understand politics of healthcare • Understand the reimbursement system • Expose yourself to different cultures
Editor's Notes
- #4 Culture is invisible—taken for granted by those participating in it
- #5 To belong to a culture is to become socialized Not the same thing as race or ethnicity
- #7 Our cultural attitudes/behaviors/actions are shared socially—shared understanding of what certain things mean.
- #10 Can shape culture because privilege and/or oppression based on this
- #11 Can shape culture—not the same as race
- #14 Read “Night”
- #16 Once we hear something, we internalize it We more easily incorporate that information every time we hear a similar comment We inadvertently filter this information the same way every time