1. A lathe is a machine tool that removes metal by rotating a cutting tool against a revolving workpiece to cut away unwanted material.
2. A metal turning machine tool where the workpiece revolves horizontally and is acted on by a cutting tool that moves slowly and parallel to the workpiece axis, known as longitudinal feed.
3. A machine tool used to produce flat surfaces on large, heavy, or awkward pieces by bringing them into contact with a rotating abrasive wheel.
China mill rolls, roll rings, stainless steel roller mould suppliers, manufac...NeelHope
Tangshan Qinpeng is a Chinese company that has been in the metallurgical industry for over 20 years. It designs, produces, and services metallurgical products and equipment. Tangshan Qinpeng provides consumables and equipment for steel mills, cement mills, mining and foundry industries, including rolling mill rolls and rings. It supplies products to over 20 countries in Southeast Asia, Europe, North America and the Middle East. The company also offers professional product guidance to customers.
This Presentation gives the information of Manufacturing process-1 of Mechanical Engineering course as per VTU Syllabus. Please write to me at: hareeshang@gmail.com for suggestions and criticisms.
Disclaimer:
Contents are taken from several text books and compiled for academic purposes only. Author doesn't hold the copyright for the contents used in this presentation.
1. Forming is a metalworking process that shapes metal by deforming it without removing material. Common forming processes include rolling, extrusion, forging, and die forming.
2. Joining processes like welding, brazing, and adhesive bonding are used to connect metal components together. Welding involves melting materials to join them, while brazing uses a filler metal below the melting point of the base materials.
3. Machining removes material using tools like lathes, mills, drills and grinders to shape a workpiece. It allows for tight tolerances but incurs significant material removal and waste.
Here you will find manufacturers,suppliers and exporters of hot rolling mills from India. These mill are used mainly to produce sheet metal or simple cross sections such as rail road bars from billets.
This document discusses different types of sand used in foundry processes and centrifugal casting methods. It describes green sand, dry sand, loam sand, facing sand, baking sand, parting sand, system sand, and core sand used for moulding. True centrifugal casting produces axis symmetrical parts without a core. Semi centrifugal casting uses a central core to produce parts like gears. Centrifuge casting casts irregular shapes in groups by rotating molds around a central point.
This 3 sentence summary provides the key details about the industrial training report:
The report describes Akbar's 4 week industrial training at the foundry shop of Indo Farm Equipment Limited in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh. The training involved learning the various processes used in the foundry shop such as core making, mold making, melting metals, and finishing casted parts. Akbar gained hands-on experience working in the core shop and observing the other processes like molding, melting, pouring, and fettling during his training.
The document provides an overview of Flexovit, a manufacturer of bonded abrasive wheels. It discusses Flexovit's location in Angola, NY and 100,000 square foot manufacturing facility. The document also covers abrasive wheel components such as abrasive grains, resin bonds, fiberglass reinforcement and grinding wheel specifications. It explains the four main abrasive grain types and how bonded abrasive wheels cut material by revealing fresh abrasive grains as the wheel wears.
China mill rolls, roll rings, stainless steel roller mould suppliers, manufac...NeelHope
Tangshan Qinpeng is a Chinese company that has been in the metallurgical industry for over 20 years. It designs, produces, and services metallurgical products and equipment. Tangshan Qinpeng provides consumables and equipment for steel mills, cement mills, mining and foundry industries, including rolling mill rolls and rings. It supplies products to over 20 countries in Southeast Asia, Europe, North America and the Middle East. The company also offers professional product guidance to customers.
This Presentation gives the information of Manufacturing process-1 of Mechanical Engineering course as per VTU Syllabus. Please write to me at: hareeshang@gmail.com for suggestions and criticisms.
Disclaimer:
Contents are taken from several text books and compiled for academic purposes only. Author doesn't hold the copyright for the contents used in this presentation.
1. Forming is a metalworking process that shapes metal by deforming it without removing material. Common forming processes include rolling, extrusion, forging, and die forming.
2. Joining processes like welding, brazing, and adhesive bonding are used to connect metal components together. Welding involves melting materials to join them, while brazing uses a filler metal below the melting point of the base materials.
3. Machining removes material using tools like lathes, mills, drills and grinders to shape a workpiece. It allows for tight tolerances but incurs significant material removal and waste.
Here you will find manufacturers,suppliers and exporters of hot rolling mills from India. These mill are used mainly to produce sheet metal or simple cross sections such as rail road bars from billets.
This document discusses different types of sand used in foundry processes and centrifugal casting methods. It describes green sand, dry sand, loam sand, facing sand, baking sand, parting sand, system sand, and core sand used for moulding. True centrifugal casting produces axis symmetrical parts without a core. Semi centrifugal casting uses a central core to produce parts like gears. Centrifuge casting casts irregular shapes in groups by rotating molds around a central point.
This 3 sentence summary provides the key details about the industrial training report:
The report describes Akbar's 4 week industrial training at the foundry shop of Indo Farm Equipment Limited in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh. The training involved learning the various processes used in the foundry shop such as core making, mold making, melting metals, and finishing casted parts. Akbar gained hands-on experience working in the core shop and observing the other processes like molding, melting, pouring, and fettling during his training.
The document provides an overview of Flexovit, a manufacturer of bonded abrasive wheels. It discusses Flexovit's location in Angola, NY and 100,000 square foot manufacturing facility. The document also covers abrasive wheel components such as abrasive grains, resin bonds, fiberglass reinforcement and grinding wheel specifications. It explains the four main abrasive grain types and how bonded abrasive wheels cut material by revealing fresh abrasive grains as the wheel wears.
This document discusses the selection and conditioning of grinding wheels. It describes different types of abrasives like aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, diamond, and CBN that are used in grinding wheels. Factors like abrasive type, grit size, bond strength, structure, and bond material are considered for wheel selection based on the work material and grinding operation. Various bond types including vitrified, resin, metal, and electroplated bonds are explained. The document also discusses truing and dressing of wheels, where truing maintains wheel geometry and dressing conditions the abrasive grains.
Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify.
There are three main types of wheel dressers used to maintain grinding wheels: Huntington wheel dressers which use replaceable star-shaped wheels and washers, diamond dressers which have an industrial diamond brazed into steel and are for precision grinders, and coarse abrasive sticks. To dress a wheel, the dresser is held against the rotating wheel to take cuts over the entire face and restore the wheel's shape or expose a fresh layer of grit.
Solidification processes like casting involve pouring molten material into molds to create parts. Casting is one of the oldest manufacturing processes, dating back 6000 years, where molten metal is poured into a mold and allowed to solidify. There are two main types of casting - expendable molds that are destroyed to remove the casting, like sand casting, and permanent molds that can be reused, like die casting. Casting can produce complex shapes in both ferrous and nonferrous metals.
The document discusses swivel base vices. It describes the components of a bench vise including the base, fixed jaw, movable jaw, and screw. It then focuses on swivel base vices, explaining that the base can rotate, allowing the workpiece to be positioned at different angles. The document discusses materials used like cast iron and steel. It also outlines the manufacturing process which typically involves casting, and sometimes forging, as well as machining operations after casting.
Gearboxes are used to change speed and torque from a driving component to a driven one. They are commonly used in automobiles and machinery. Gearbox manufacturing involves selecting appropriate materials like carbon steel and casting iron based on the application. Gears can be formed through processes like extrusion, stamping, and powder metallurgy. Common machining processes to cut gear teeth include shaping, hobbing, and milling. Shaping involves a reciprocating cutter that cuts gear teeth individually, while hobbing can cut multiple teeth simultaneously. The summary provides an overview of gearbox uses, manufacturing materials selection, and common forming and machining processes.
Electron beam welding is a welding process that uses a beam of high-energy electrons to join materials. The electrons are generated by an electron gun and accelerated to near the speed of light by a high voltage between the cathode and anode. This gives the electrons sufficient kinetic energy to melt the welding material. The process occurs inside a vacuum chamber to prevent electrons from colliding with air molecules and losing energy. When the electron beam hits the workpiece, its kinetic energy converts to thermal energy, melting the edges to be joined together. The weld then solidifies, fusing the materials. Electron beam welding offers advantages like deep penetration welds, a small heat-affected zone, and the ability to weld heat-sensitive materials.
Metal forming processes can be classified as either plastic deformation processes, where the volume and mass of metals are unchanged, such as rolling, forging, and extrusion, or metal removal processes, where material is removed from the metal, such as turning and thread cutting. Rolling is a process where the thickness or cross-section of metal is reduced by passing it between rolls and can be classified as either hot rolling, above the metal's recrystallization temperature, or cold rolling, below the recrystallization temperature. Recrystallization is a process where a distorted grain structure is replaced by a new stress-free structure through heating and deformation above a minimum temperature, reducing strength and raising ductility.
This document discusses centreless grinding. It begins by introducing centreless grinding as a grinding process that removes fine amounts of material from a workpiece without using centers or chucks to hold the workpiece. It then discusses the mechanism of chip removal in grinding and the composition of grinding wheels, including types of abrasives and bonds. The document outlines the main types of centreless grinding and notes that centreless grinding is suitable for grinding long cylindrical bars in bulk and can generate different diameters and tapered surfaces. It concludes by stating that centreless grinding provides a surface roughness value ranging from 6.3 to 0.25 micrometers.
01 introduction to Manufacturing processesM Siva Kumar
Manufacturing processes can be grouped into casting/molding, forming, machining, joining/assembly, surface treatments, and heat treating. A manufacturing system includes the operations and processes to produce a product, while a production system also includes people, equipment, materials, markets, management, and the manufacturing system. Common machining processes include turning, milling, drilling, grinding, tapping, hobbing, broaching, and advanced processes like electrical discharge machining, laser beam machining, and water jet cutting.
THIS STUDY MATERIAL IS RELATED WITH ONE OF THE TYPE OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES CALLED CASTING.THIS IS VERY GOOD MATERIAL . CASTING IS BASIC MANUFACTURING PROCESS.EVERY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STUDENT MUST KNOW CASTING PROCESS,ITS TYPES ,PATTERN ,PATTERN TYPES,PATTERN MAKING ALLOWANCES,DIE CASTING INVESTMENT CASTING.ALL THESE POINTS ARE COVERED IN THIS PPT.
1. Gated patterns are used to produce multiple small parts in a single mold cavity. The cavities are joined by gates that help achieve higher productivity.
2. Sweep patterns involve a pattern that sweeps around a spindle to produce parts like bells. The pattern is symmetrical and parts are created around the spindle.
3. Loose piece patterns are used when a casting has projections or undercuts that could hinder withdrawal of the pattern. Loose pieces help facilitate pattern removal from the mold.
This document provides an overview of pattern making and molding processes in manufacturing. It begins with an introduction to manufacturing processes and casting. Key points include that casting allows for complicated shapes to be made in a single piece and reduces assembly work. The document then discusses pattern materials like wood, metal, and plastic and different types of patterns like solid, split, and multi-piece patterns. It also covers allowances given to patterns for shrinkage, draft, and machining. The final sections cover gates, runners, risers, and core making including different core types.
Visit www.seminarlinks.blogspot.com to download
An alloy is a mixture of metals, or a mixture of metal and another element. White metal alloys are those which are light-coloured and generally have a lead or tin base. These alloys are also known as Babbitt metal, or bearing metal, a term which is generally preferred over ‘white metals’. Babbitt metal can be one of several alloys used as a bearing surface in a plain bearing.
Metal joining Processes( Riveting, Soldering, Welding)Prashant Borakhede
Metal joining processes includes Riveting, Soldering, Brazing, Welding etc. In this presentation, types of welding like gas welding metal arc welding are also included. advantages and disadvantages of the processes are also included.
This document discusses ball mills and related topics. It includes presentations on ball mill operation and design, ball mill motor sizing, standard operating procedures for ball mills, and applications of ball mills in cement production and other industries. Links are provided to websites on ball mill suppliers and related information.
Crank case manufacturing at pritika industriesNaval Gupta
Pritika Industries Limited is a quality-driven organization that manufactures automotive components. It started in 1974 and produces machine components, heavy castings, flywheel housings, crankcases, and hydraulic lift covers. Pritika is a leading supplier of housings, castings, hydraulic lift covers, and engine covers. It supplies crankcases to Mahindra tractors and other casting components to renowned companies. The document then describes the multi-step process for manufacturing crankcases, including casting, various machining operations, and a time study analysis that found producing a crankcase takes approximately 1 hour and 24 minutes after casting.
The document describes various heat treating practices for ferrous metals including annealing, hardening, normalizing, stress relieving, and tempering. It also discusses common machine tools like drilling machines, milling machines, boring machines, power saws, shapers, planers, and broaching machines. Finally, it provides information on alloying steel with chromium to improve hardenability, corrosion resistance, and strength at high temperatures.
The document discusses various topics related to steam boilers and power plants, including:
1. An ORSAT apparatus determines the levels of CO2, CO, O2, and N2 in flue gas from a steam boiler.
2. Pumped storage hydro-electric plants pump water to an elevated storage during off-peak periods to generate power from the stored water during peak periods.
3. Tangential burners are used in Philippine coal thermal plants and the Hardgrove apparatus determines coal grindability.
This document discusses the selection and conditioning of grinding wheels. It describes different types of abrasives like aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, diamond, and CBN that are used in grinding wheels. Factors like abrasive type, grit size, bond strength, structure, and bond material are considered for wheel selection based on the work material and grinding operation. Various bond types including vitrified, resin, metal, and electroplated bonds are explained. The document also discusses truing and dressing of wheels, where truing maintains wheel geometry and dressing conditions the abrasive grains.
Casting is a manufacturing process in which a liquid material is usually poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the desired shape, and then allowed to solidify.
There are three main types of wheel dressers used to maintain grinding wheels: Huntington wheel dressers which use replaceable star-shaped wheels and washers, diamond dressers which have an industrial diamond brazed into steel and are for precision grinders, and coarse abrasive sticks. To dress a wheel, the dresser is held against the rotating wheel to take cuts over the entire face and restore the wheel's shape or expose a fresh layer of grit.
Solidification processes like casting involve pouring molten material into molds to create parts. Casting is one of the oldest manufacturing processes, dating back 6000 years, where molten metal is poured into a mold and allowed to solidify. There are two main types of casting - expendable molds that are destroyed to remove the casting, like sand casting, and permanent molds that can be reused, like die casting. Casting can produce complex shapes in both ferrous and nonferrous metals.
The document discusses swivel base vices. It describes the components of a bench vise including the base, fixed jaw, movable jaw, and screw. It then focuses on swivel base vices, explaining that the base can rotate, allowing the workpiece to be positioned at different angles. The document discusses materials used like cast iron and steel. It also outlines the manufacturing process which typically involves casting, and sometimes forging, as well as machining operations after casting.
Gearboxes are used to change speed and torque from a driving component to a driven one. They are commonly used in automobiles and machinery. Gearbox manufacturing involves selecting appropriate materials like carbon steel and casting iron based on the application. Gears can be formed through processes like extrusion, stamping, and powder metallurgy. Common machining processes to cut gear teeth include shaping, hobbing, and milling. Shaping involves a reciprocating cutter that cuts gear teeth individually, while hobbing can cut multiple teeth simultaneously. The summary provides an overview of gearbox uses, manufacturing materials selection, and common forming and machining processes.
Electron beam welding is a welding process that uses a beam of high-energy electrons to join materials. The electrons are generated by an electron gun and accelerated to near the speed of light by a high voltage between the cathode and anode. This gives the electrons sufficient kinetic energy to melt the welding material. The process occurs inside a vacuum chamber to prevent electrons from colliding with air molecules and losing energy. When the electron beam hits the workpiece, its kinetic energy converts to thermal energy, melting the edges to be joined together. The weld then solidifies, fusing the materials. Electron beam welding offers advantages like deep penetration welds, a small heat-affected zone, and the ability to weld heat-sensitive materials.
Metal forming processes can be classified as either plastic deformation processes, where the volume and mass of metals are unchanged, such as rolling, forging, and extrusion, or metal removal processes, where material is removed from the metal, such as turning and thread cutting. Rolling is a process where the thickness or cross-section of metal is reduced by passing it between rolls and can be classified as either hot rolling, above the metal's recrystallization temperature, or cold rolling, below the recrystallization temperature. Recrystallization is a process where a distorted grain structure is replaced by a new stress-free structure through heating and deformation above a minimum temperature, reducing strength and raising ductility.
This document discusses centreless grinding. It begins by introducing centreless grinding as a grinding process that removes fine amounts of material from a workpiece without using centers or chucks to hold the workpiece. It then discusses the mechanism of chip removal in grinding and the composition of grinding wheels, including types of abrasives and bonds. The document outlines the main types of centreless grinding and notes that centreless grinding is suitable for grinding long cylindrical bars in bulk and can generate different diameters and tapered surfaces. It concludes by stating that centreless grinding provides a surface roughness value ranging from 6.3 to 0.25 micrometers.
01 introduction to Manufacturing processesM Siva Kumar
Manufacturing processes can be grouped into casting/molding, forming, machining, joining/assembly, surface treatments, and heat treating. A manufacturing system includes the operations and processes to produce a product, while a production system also includes people, equipment, materials, markets, management, and the manufacturing system. Common machining processes include turning, milling, drilling, grinding, tapping, hobbing, broaching, and advanced processes like electrical discharge machining, laser beam machining, and water jet cutting.
THIS STUDY MATERIAL IS RELATED WITH ONE OF THE TYPE OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES CALLED CASTING.THIS IS VERY GOOD MATERIAL . CASTING IS BASIC MANUFACTURING PROCESS.EVERY MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STUDENT MUST KNOW CASTING PROCESS,ITS TYPES ,PATTERN ,PATTERN TYPES,PATTERN MAKING ALLOWANCES,DIE CASTING INVESTMENT CASTING.ALL THESE POINTS ARE COVERED IN THIS PPT.
1. Gated patterns are used to produce multiple small parts in a single mold cavity. The cavities are joined by gates that help achieve higher productivity.
2. Sweep patterns involve a pattern that sweeps around a spindle to produce parts like bells. The pattern is symmetrical and parts are created around the spindle.
3. Loose piece patterns are used when a casting has projections or undercuts that could hinder withdrawal of the pattern. Loose pieces help facilitate pattern removal from the mold.
This document provides an overview of pattern making and molding processes in manufacturing. It begins with an introduction to manufacturing processes and casting. Key points include that casting allows for complicated shapes to be made in a single piece and reduces assembly work. The document then discusses pattern materials like wood, metal, and plastic and different types of patterns like solid, split, and multi-piece patterns. It also covers allowances given to patterns for shrinkage, draft, and machining. The final sections cover gates, runners, risers, and core making including different core types.
Visit www.seminarlinks.blogspot.com to download
An alloy is a mixture of metals, or a mixture of metal and another element. White metal alloys are those which are light-coloured and generally have a lead or tin base. These alloys are also known as Babbitt metal, or bearing metal, a term which is generally preferred over ‘white metals’. Babbitt metal can be one of several alloys used as a bearing surface in a plain bearing.
Metal joining Processes( Riveting, Soldering, Welding)Prashant Borakhede
Metal joining processes includes Riveting, Soldering, Brazing, Welding etc. In this presentation, types of welding like gas welding metal arc welding are also included. advantages and disadvantages of the processes are also included.
This document discusses ball mills and related topics. It includes presentations on ball mill operation and design, ball mill motor sizing, standard operating procedures for ball mills, and applications of ball mills in cement production and other industries. Links are provided to websites on ball mill suppliers and related information.
Crank case manufacturing at pritika industriesNaval Gupta
Pritika Industries Limited is a quality-driven organization that manufactures automotive components. It started in 1974 and produces machine components, heavy castings, flywheel housings, crankcases, and hydraulic lift covers. Pritika is a leading supplier of housings, castings, hydraulic lift covers, and engine covers. It supplies crankcases to Mahindra tractors and other casting components to renowned companies. The document then describes the multi-step process for manufacturing crankcases, including casting, various machining operations, and a time study analysis that found producing a crankcase takes approximately 1 hour and 24 minutes after casting.
The document describes various heat treating practices for ferrous metals including annealing, hardening, normalizing, stress relieving, and tempering. It also discusses common machine tools like drilling machines, milling machines, boring machines, power saws, shapers, planers, and broaching machines. Finally, it provides information on alloying steel with chromium to improve hardenability, corrosion resistance, and strength at high temperatures.
The document discusses various topics related to steam boilers and power plants, including:
1. An ORSAT apparatus determines the levels of CO2, CO, O2, and N2 in flue gas from a steam boiler.
2. Pumped storage hydro-electric plants pump water to an elevated storage during off-peak periods to generate power from the stored water during peak periods.
3. Tangential burners are used in Philippine coal thermal plants and the Hardgrove apparatus determines coal grindability.
This document contains 50 multiple choice questions covering a wide range of topics including mathematics, physics, engineering, chemistry, and business. The questions test knowledge of concepts like derivatives, trigonometric functions, fluid mechanics, materials properties, accounting, electrical circuits, and geometry. The correct answer is provided for each question.
This document provides multiple choice questions related to industrial processes and materials. It covers topics like synthetic rubbers, types of glass, safety valves, gases, fossil fuels, ceramics, wastewater treatment processes, automotive materials, piping specifications, boiler safety codes, and more. There are 73 questions in total, each with 4 possible answer choices to select from.
The document discusses various topics related to power plant systems and operations:
1. It provides a schematic diagram labeling the key components of a closed-loop water cooling system with cooling tower for a diesel electric plant.
2. It lists 7 principal data that should be included in pump specifications, such as the nature of the liquid, flow rate, head pressure, and type of service.
3. It names 3 functions of insulation, including reducing heat loss, preventing injury, and protecting surfaces from corrosion.
The document contains 50 multiple choice questions covering various topics in science, mathematics, and engineering. The questions test knowledge in areas such as: properties of materials, units of measurement, financial and accounting concepts, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, chemistry, and more. The correct answer is provided for each question.
Objective questions and answers on operation managementsantoshkumarp83
1. The document provides questions and answers related to operation management. It includes multiple choice, true/false, and matching questions.
2. The questions cover topics like machine tools, cutting tools, cutting operations, tool geometry, tool life, machinability, cutting fluids, and factors that affect productivity and tool life.
3. Key terms defined include shear angle, chip formation, tool wear, tool life equation, machinability, cutting speed, feed, depth of cut, tool geometry, rake angle, and clearance angle.
1. There are several types of lathes used in manufacturing including speed lathes, turret lathes, and numerical control turning centers.
2. Turret lathes have eleven tooling stations that allow for rough simultaneous cuts of metal and are economical for medium production lots.
3. Quick-change tool holders are used on lathes to reduce tool changing time which can constitute 50% of the total cycle time for jobs with repeated operations.
The document discusses various metal forming processes. It defines closed die forging as a process where the workpiece is deformed between two die halves with impressions of the final shape. It also discusses types of shape rolling like ring rolling and tube rolling. Forging involves plastic deformation through compressive force like hammer blows while heating metal. Wire drawing reduces diameter by pulling metal through a die. Lubrication is used in rolling for improved surface finish and to reduce friction and energy. Recrystallization temperature is important for controlling material properties when deforming metal.
Machining processes such as turning are used to further refine parts by removing unwanted material. Turning involves securing a workpiece to a lathe and rotating it at high speeds while a single-point cutting tool removes material. Common turning operations include external operations like turning, grooving, and threading as well as internal operations like drilling, boring, and tapping. Turning can achieve high tolerances and is well-suited for producing cylindrical or rotational parts.
1. The document discusses various machining and surface treatment processes including honing, lapping, painting, plastic coating, plating, shot blasting, shot penning, tumbling, buffing, polishing, power brushing, sandblasting, washing, and waxing.
2. It also discusses different types of machine tools including lathes, drilling machines, grinding machines, milling machines, planning machines, and shaping machines. Specific lathe operations like turning, boring, and screw cutting are outlined.
3. Special purpose machine tools like honing machines are described in more detail. Other special purpose machines mentioned are boring machines, broaching machines, gear-cutting machines, and lapping machines
1. The document discusses various machining and surface treatment processes including honing, lapping, painting, plastic coating, plating, shot blasting, shot penning, tumbling, buffing, polishing, power brushing, sandblasting, washing, and waxing.
2. It also discusses different types of machine tools including lathes, drilling machines, grinding machines, milling machines, planning machines, and shaping machines. Specific lathe operations like turning, boring, and screw cutting are outlined.
3. Special purpose machine tools like honing machines are described in more detail. Other special purpose machines mentioned are boring machines, broaching machines, gear-cutting machines, and lapping machines
This document provides an overview of various machining and surface treatment processes. It discusses operations like honing, lapping, painting, plating, shot blasting, and tumbling. It also describes common machining processes like drilling, milling, turning, grinding and different types of machines used like lathes, drilling machines, milling machines, planning machines and shaping machines. Finally, it mentions special purpose machines like honing machines.
This document summarizes a research paper on the design of a pyramid type plate bending machine. It begins with an introduction that describes different types of plate bending machines and their main components. It then discusses the literature review conducted, which examined the working principles, common components, and types of three-roll pyramid plate bending machines. The document outlines the material selection and manufacturing processes considered for the various machine parts. It concludes with the design calculations and specifications for the bottom rollers, sliding blocks, top roller, power screw, and other components based on their dimensions, material properties, and stress considerations.
This document provides information on sawing and broaching machines. It begins with an introduction and then discusses the classification, components, operation, and applications of sawing machines such as reciprocating saws, band saws, and circular saws. It also covers broaching, including the construction and operation of broaching machines as well as different types of broaches and their applications in machining processes. The document aims to explain the basic concepts and components of sawing and broaching machines.
Rolling is a metal forming process where metal stock is passed through one or more pairs of rolls to reduce the thickness and increase the length. There are different types of rolling mills such as two-high mill, three-high mill, four-high mill, cluster mill, and tandem mill. Hot rolling is carried out above the recrystallization temperature of the metal to aid plastic deformation while cold rolling is done below the recrystallization temperature. Extrusion is a process where a round billet is forced through a die opening by a ram to produce a continuous profile. Common extruded parts include window frames and tubing.
This document discusses the selection of forging equipment and stock size for open and closed die forging. It begins by classifying forging equipment into work-restricted and stroke-restricted machines such as hammers, presses, and hydraulic presses. It then explains open and closed die forging processes and considerations for die design such as flash, gutter, draft angles, and variation of stroke with load. The document concludes by providing design considerations for blocker, finisher, trim tools, and punches.
This document discusses the selection of forging equipment and stock size for open and closed die forging. It begins by classifying forging equipment into work-restricted and stroke-restricted machines such as hammers, presses, and hydraulic presses. It then describes open and closed die forging processes and considerations for die design such as flash, gutter, draft angles, and variation of stroke with load. The document concludes by providing design considerations for blocker, finisher, trim tools, and punches.
Report on Industrial visit at Aditya Auto products, Doddballapura, Bangalore.abhishekPatne2
1. Aditya Auto Products manufactures automotive components like window regulators, door latches, and cables.
2. The production process involves raw materials undergoing rolling, pressing, welding, and assembly into finished products.
3. Quality inspection and testing is conducted at various stages to ensure product quality meets standards before dispatch.
Numerical simulation of friction stir butt welding processes for az91 magnesi...eSAT Journals
Abstract Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state welding process. In particular, it can be used to join high-strength aerospace magnesium and other metallic alloys that are hard to weld by conventional fusion welding. It was performed on 4 mm thickness AZ91 Magnesium alloy. Magnesium alloy have more advantage than aluminum such as light weight, softer, tendency to bend easily, cost effective in terms of energy requirements so magnesium alloy has selected in this FSW technique. In friction stir welding (FSW), a momentous residual stress is present in weld due to complex nature of fixturing system compared to fusion welding. These residual stresses can affect properties of welded components during service. Therefore, for estimating magnitude of welding residual stresses and their nature of distribution along with thermal history, a three dimensional non- linear thermo-mechanical finite element (NLTMFE) model using ABAQUS/ CAE package was developed for butt welded magnesium alloy AZ91. The objective of this work is to predict the temperature distribution in both materials and evaluate the mechanical properties during the friction stir welding on magnesium alloy. Keywords: Fsw, Nltmfe, Abaqus, Cae, Az91.
Numerical simulation of friction stir butt welding processes for az91 magnesi...eSAT Publishing House
This document describes a numerical simulation of friction stir butt welding for AZ91 magnesium alloy. A 3D nonlinear thermo-mechanical finite element model was developed using ABAQUS to predict temperature distribution and evaluate mechanical properties during the welding process. The model considers heat generation due to friction between the rotating tool and workpiece. Results show the maximum temperature reached was 483°C and residual stress was highest along the weld path. Pressure was also highest in the weld midpoint. Graphs of internal energy and strain energy over time were produced from the simulation results.
The document discusses various topics related to metal cutting and lathe machines. It defines metal cutting as removing unwanted material from a block of metal in the form of chips. It discusses important tool characteristics, tool life, tool angles, chip formation, factors affecting tool life, tool wear types, cutting fluid functions, and more. It also defines different types of lathes such as engine lathes, bench lathes, tool room lathes, and semi-automatic lathes which allow mostly automatic machining with some manual functions like loading/unloading.
This document discusses various sheet metal processes including cutting, forming, bending, drawing, and stretching operations. Some key points:
1. Sheet metal work involves forming metal sheets 3-5mm thick into parts through cutting, forming, and joining processes.
2. Common forming operations include bending, drawing, stamping, spinning, and stretching. These are used to make parts like boxes, pipes, and covers.
3. Cutting operations separate metal through shearing, punching, blanking, and notching. Forming operations shape metal between dies and punches.
4. Bending forms angles in sheet metal through single, double, roll, and seam bending. Drawing forms cylindrical and box
This document discusses various sheet metal processes including cutting, forming, bending, drawing, and stretching operations. Some key points:
1. Sheet metal work involves forming metal sheets 3-5mm thick into parts through cutting, forming, and joining processes.
2. Common forming operations include bending, drawing, stamping, spinning, and stretching. Cutting operations include blanking, punching, and shearing.
3. Bending involves curving sheet metal between a punch and die. Drawing uses a punch to force sheet metal into a die cavity. Stretch forming stresses sheet metal beyond its elastic limit with a forming block.
This document is an internship report for Pakistan Ordnance Factories (POF) that describes visits to various weapon manufacturing shops. It discusses the processes and machinery used to manufacture weapon parts and assemble final weapons like pistols, rifles, and machine guns. The report focuses on the press and welding, barrel, and machine shops. It provides details on the various machines like lathes, mills, and presses used to cut, shape, and join metal parts into completed weapons.
1. 1. _____ A machine tool in which metal is removed by means of a revolving cutter with many teeth, each tooth having a
cutting edge which removes its share of the stock.]
2. _____ A metal turning machine tool in which the work, while revolving on a horizontal axis, is acted upon by a cutting
tool which is made to move slowly (feed) in a direction more or less parallel to the axis of the work (longitudinal feed)
3. _____ A machine tool used in the production of flat surfaces on pieces too large or too heavy or, perhaps too
awkward to hold in a shaper.
4. _____ A tool used in measuring diameters
5. _____ It consists of shaping a piece by bringing it into contact with a rotating abrasive wheel.
6. _____ Used to true and align machine tools, fixtures, and works; to test and inspect size trueness of finished work;
and to compare measurements, either heights or depths or many other measurements.
7. _____ The shop term used to include the marking or inscribing of center points, circles, arcs, or straight lines upon
metal surfaces, either curved or flat, for the guidance of the worker.
8. _____ An operation of sizing and finishing a hole by means of cutting tool having several cutting edges.
9. _____ The operation of making a cone-shaped enlargement of the end of a hole, as for a recess for a flathead screw.
10. _____ The operation of enlarging a hole by means of an adjustable cutting tool with only one cutting edge.
11. _____ An imaginary circle passing through the points at which the teeth of the meshing gears contact each other.
12. _____ A type of bolt intended for use in bolting wooded parts together, or wood to metal. It has short portion of
shank just underneath a round head, which is designed to keep the bolt from turning in the wood when the nut is
tightened.
13. _____ The number of teeth per inch of pitch diameter and gives some indications of the size of the gear teeth.
14. _____ The distance from the center to center of one tooth of a gear to the center of the next consecutive tooth
measured on the pitch.
15. _____ The portion of a gear tooth that projects above or outside the pitch circle.
16. _____ The portion of the gear tooth space that is cut below the pitch circle and is equal to the addendum plus the
clearance.
17. _____ When meshed with a gear, it is used to change rotary motion to reciprocating motion.
18. _____ A kind of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first.
19. _____ A kind of gears used for heavy-duty works where a large ratio of speed is required and are extensively used in
speed reducers.
20. _____ The uniform heating of steel above the usual hardening temperatures, followed by cooling freely in air.
21. _____ The operation of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dipping it in water, brine or oil.
22. _____ A method used in softening a piece of metal that is too hard to machine and is done by heating steel slowly
above the usual hardening temperature, keeping it at the heat for ½ to 2 hours, then cooling slowly preferably in a
furnace.
23. _____ The total permissible variation in the size of a dimension; the difference between the limits of size
24. _____ The operation of machining the end of a work piece to make the end square with the axis.
25. _____ The clearance between the tooth profiles of gear tooth.
26. _____ The operation of rotating a work piece an exact amount
27. _____ A mechanism which usually do the indexing in a machine tool
28. _____ A x than itself.
29. _____ A cylindrical bar of steel with threads formed around it and grooves or flutes running lengthwise in it,
intersecting with the threads to form cutting edges. It is used to cut internal threads.
30. _____ A set of gages consisting of thin strips of metal of various thickness mounted in a steel case or holder and is
widely used for measuring and checking clearances.
31. _____ A machine tool which is very similar to a shaper except that the ram reciprocates vertically rather than
horizontally.
32. _____ A machine tool used principally to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single-point cutting tool.
33. _____ A kind of bolt which has no head and instead has threads on both ends.
34. _____ A kind of chuck which has reversible jaws which could be adjusted separately.
35. _____ A tool which, when pressed into a finished hole in a piece of work, provides centers on which the piece may be
turned or otherwise machined.
36. _____ A kind of chuck which should not be used where extreme accuracy is required.
37. _____ The process of checking or producing checkers on the surface of a piece by rolling checkered depressions into
the surface
38. _____ It fits into the main spindle of a lathe and is so called because it acts as a bearing surface on which the work
rests. It revolves with the work. When compared with the hardness of the dead center in the tailstock, it is usually
“soft” and is so made since it does no work.
39. _____ A gripping device with two or more adjustable jaws set radially.
40. _____ In a lathe, it comprises the main spindle, the necessary mechanism for obtaining the various spindle speed,
and also certain gears which are used to operate the quick-change gear mechanism.
41. _____ The process of heating a piece of steel to a temperature within or above critical range and cooling rapidly.
42. _____ Welding operation in which a non-ferrous filler metal melts at a temperature below that of the metal joined but
is heated above 450oC.
43. _____ Uniting of two pieces of metal by means of a different metal which is applied between the two in molten state.
44. _____ Fusion process in which the metal is heated to a state of fusion permitting it to flow together into a solid joint.
45. _____ Joining metal by means of high current at low voltage. During the passage of current, pressure by the
electrodes produces a forge weld.
46. _____ A device for accurately measuring diameters.
47. _____ A hand-tool used to measure tension on bolts
2. 48. _____ A hand-tool used to measure engine crank web deflections.
49. _____ A gear with teeth on the outer cylindrical surface
50. _____ The diameter of a circle coinciding with the top of the teeth of an internal gear
51. _____ A circle coinciding with a tangent to the bottom of the tooth space.
52. _____ The total depth of a tooth space, equal to addendum plus dedendum.
53. _____ The material used in high speed processes
54. _____ An alloy made of zinc and copper
55. _____ An alloy of tin and phosphorous and copper
56. _____ The process of working metal by using force or by hammering
57. _____ A heavy rotating body for absorbing and redistributing kinetic energy.
58. _____ The common deoxidizer and cleanser of steel, forming oxides and sulfates, that are carried off in the slag.
59. _____ A highly transparent and exceedingly hard crystalline stone of almost pure carbon.
60. _____ A fine grained, slaty silica rock used for sharpening edged tools.
61. _____ An amorphous solid made by fusing silica with a basic oxide.
62. _____ A soft yellow metal, known since ancient times as a precious metal which all material values are based.
63. _____ The maximum stress to which a material may be subjected before failure occurs.
64. _____ The maximum stress induced in a material when subjected to alternating or repeated loading without causing
failure.
65. _____ Fluid film desired between two surfaces having relative sliding motion.
66. _____ Flexible material used to seal pressurized fluids, normally under dynamic conditions.
67. _____ Device used to prevent leakage of media
68. _____ A total deformation measured in the direction of the line of stress.
69. _____ A total resistance that a material offers to an applied load.
70. _____ A property of material which relates the lateral strain to the longitudinal strain.
71. _____ Any material that retard the flow of electricity, used to prevent passage or escape of electric current from
conductors.
72. _____ A metallic element and only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperature
73. _____ Materials, usually ceramics, employed where resistance to very high temperature is required, as for furnace
linings and metal pots.
74. _____ A tool with hardened points used for scribing circles or laying of distances.
75. _____ Name of mechanism which a welding operator holds during gas welding and at the end of which the gases are
burned to perform the various gas welding operations.
76. _____ The ability of metal to withstand forces thus following a number of twist.
77. _____ An alloying element used principally to produce stainless steel.
78. _____ A coating material used to produce galvanized iron
79. _____ Ratio of pitch diameter for the number of teeth
80. _____ The method of cold working by compression
81. _____ Subjecting a substance to a high temperature below the fusion point, usually to make it friable.
82. _____ A special metal formed when two or more metals are melted together.
83. _____ Hardening the surface of iron-based alloys by heating them below the melting point in contact with
carbonaceous substance.
84. _____ The ratio of the stress acting on an elastic substance to the decrease in volume per unit volume.
85. _____ The follower reciprocates or oscillates in a plane parallel to the axis of rotation