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RC4&RC5

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Mohamed El-Serngawy
Mohamed El-Serngawy
Education
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RC4
What is RC4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
A symmetric key encryption algorithm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Stream Cipher ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],11001100 plaintext 01101100 key stream 10100000 Cipher text
RC4 Block Diagram
How does it work ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Initialization of array ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],for i = 0 to 255 do S[i] = i; T[i] = K[i mod keylen];
Key Scheduling Algorithm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pseudo-Random Generation Algorithm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Pseudo-Random Generation Algorithm
RC4
Security of RC4 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Bit-flipping attack ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Roos' Biases and Key Reconstruction from Permutation ,[object Object]
Biased Outputs of the RC4 ,[object Object]
Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack ,[object Object]
Klein's Attack ,[object Object]
Combinatorial problem ,[object Object]
RC4-based cryptosystems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
RC5
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],Introduction (Feistel Networks)
Feistel Network ,[object Object],[object Object]
Feistel Network ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Feistel Network - Construction Details
Recap ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What is RC5
What is RC5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Features ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Features count. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Features count. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Features count. ,[object Object],[object Object]
Features - Highlight ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Recap ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Parameterization
Parameterization
Parameterization count. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Dropped parameters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Notations and Primitive operations
Recap ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Algorithm
Algorithm ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Key Expansion Algorithm Decryption Algorithm Encryption Algorithm Plaintext Ciphertext Plaintext Ciphertext Expanded Key S Secret Key K
Encryption
Encryption A = A + S[0]; B = B + S[1]; for i = 1 to r do A = ((A ⊕ B) <<< B) + S[2*i]; B = ((B ⊕ A) <<< A) + S[2*i + 1]; A <<< B Bits in A are rotated to left by the amount specified by lower log2( w) bits in B
Decryption
Decryption ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A >>> B Bits in A are rotated to right by the amount specified by lower log2( w) bits in B
Encryption and Decryption
Key Expansion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],RC5
Key Expansion
The magic constants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],w 16 32 64 P w B7E1 B7E15163 B7E151628AED2A6B Q w 9E37 9E3779B9 9E3779B97F4A7C15
Step-1: Convert secret key bytes to words Copy the Key into new array L of Words with size equal c Any unfilled byte positions of L are zeroed In case b = c = 0 we reset c =1 and set L[0] = 0
Step-2: Initialize sub key array S ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Step-3: Mix the secret key into sub key array S ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Key Expansion Algorithm
Recap ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The security of RC5
The security of RC5 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Exhaustive Search ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Differential cryptanalysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Linear cryptanalysis ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Differential and Linear attack
Timing Attacks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Conclusion ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Thank you for your attention

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