Peter B. Raven has over 40 years of experience as a principal investigator studying human integrative physiology. He received his education in England and Oregon, including a PhD in exercise physiology. His research has focused on physiological limitations during respirator use, arterial baroreflex control during exercise and orthostasis, and exercise-induced hypertension. He has authored over 100 peer-reviewed publications and received many honors for his research contributions from organizations like the American College of Sports Medicine and American Physiological Society.
DAVID JANETT MA THESIS FINAL DRAFT PDFDavid Janett
This document is a literature review investigating the relationship between intra-abdominal pressure, spine stability, and force production during weightlifting. The review examines 28 studies on how breathing patterns and increased intra-abdominal pressure through breath holding can improve spine stability and potentially increase force production. Many studies found correlations between increased intra-abdominal pressure, greater muscle activation of trunk muscles, and improved spine stability. However, the relationship between intra-abdominal pressure, spine stability and actual force production requires more research due to flaws in previous study designs. More research is needed to draw stronger conclusions.
An aquatic exercise program improved muscular strength, endurance, work and power in patients with multiple sclerosis. For the lower extremities, knee extensor peak torque significantly increased from pre- to mid-trial. Fatigue and work values improved significantly from pre- to post-trial. For the upper extremities, all force measurements significantly increased from pre- to post-trial. Power and total work values also improved significantly, though no significant change in fatigue was found. The results indicate aquatic exercise can induce positive changes to muscular functioning for individuals with multiple sclerosis.
Slope walking causes short-term changes in soleus H-reflex excitability. Downslope walking reduces the Hmax/Mmax ratio more than level walking, indicating decreased spinal excitability. Upslope walking increases the Hslp/Mslp ratio and decreases rate-dependent depression, suggesting increased spinal excitability. These changes recover within 45 minutes. The effects of slope walking on spinal excitability are determined by the specific slope and likely related to differences in muscle activity and afferent feedback required for different slopes.
The study compared the effectiveness of electrical stimulation (ES) versus voluntary exercise (VE) for strengthening thigh musculature after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructive surgery. Twenty patients were randomly assigned to either an ES or VE group and completed a 3-week training regimen. Results showed that patients in the ES group achieved significantly higher percentages of knee extension and flexion torque compared to patients in the VE group, indicating ES was more effective for strengthening thigh muscles early in postoperative rehabilitation.
The document summarizes a study that examined the effects of endurance, resistance, and concurrent (endurance and resistance) training on cardiac structure in female students. The study found that 8 weeks of concurrent training significantly increased left ventricular end diastolic diameter compared to endurance or resistance training alone. Concurrent training also significantly increased left ventricular end systolic diameter, mass, and mass index. No other measured variables showed significant differences between groups. The results indicate that concurrent training may have a greater impact on cardiac adaptations than single-mode endurance or resistance training.
199192 - LGB556 - Strength And Conditioning ProgrammeMatt St Clair
This document provides a research proposal for a project investigating vascular occlusion resistance training. The study aims to measure the physiological responses and strength/hypertrophy gains from occlusion training at the elbow flexors. It will compare the effects of a constant occlusion pressure of 40% 1RM versus an increasing pressure over 6 weeks. Outcome measures will include 1RM strength tests, arm circumference measurements, and electromyography. The methodology describes a 3 group design, data analysis plan, and considerations for cuff pressure and width.
A comparison of 2 circuit exercise training techniques igbenito777
This study compared the metabolic, heart rate, and perceived exertion responses to circuit resistance training (CRT) using either a multistation isoinertial exercise system (MultiGym) or a customized system using Thera-Band resistance bands (ElasticGym) in people with paraplegia. Sixteen men and one woman with chronic paraplegia completed familiarization and testing on both systems. There were no significant differences in average oxygen consumption or heart rate between the two systems. However, average ratings of perceived exertion were significantly higher when using the ElasticGym system. The results suggest that CRT using a customized ElasticGym elicits similar metabolic and heart rate responses but greater perceived exertion compared to
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SLOW AND FAST SURYANAMASKAR ON PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONYogacharya AB Bhavanani
Numerous scientific studies have reported beneficial physiological changes after short and long term yoga training. Suryanamaskar is an integral part of modern yoga training and may be performed either in a slow or rapid manner. As there are few studies on suryanamaskar we conducted this study to study differential effect of 6 months training in the fast and slow versions. 42 school children in the age group of 12 to 16 were randomly divided into two groups of 21 each. Group I and Group II received 6 months training in performance of slow suryanamaskar (SSN) and fast suryanamaskar (FSN) respectively. Training in SSN produced a significant decrease in diastolic pressure. In contrast, training in FSN produced a significant increase in systolic pressure. Although there was a highly significant increase in hand grip strength and hand grip endurance in both the groups, the increase in hand grip endurance in FSN group was significantly more than in SSN group. MIP and MEP increased significantly in both groups and the increase of MIP in the FSN group was more significant as compared to SSN. Training in SSN reduced the resting diastolic pressure and rate-pressure-product, which, indicates a decrease in load on the heart. In contrast, FSN increased diastolic pressure and rate-pressure-product. The present study shows suryanamaskar has positive physiological benefits as evidenced by changes in pulmonary function, respiratory pressures, handgrip strength, handgrip endurance and resting cardiovascular parameters. It also demonstrates that there are differences between performance of suryanamaskar in a slow and fast manner and that the effects of FSN are similar to physical aerobic exercises whereas the effects of SSN are similar to those of Yoga training.
DAVID JANETT MA THESIS FINAL DRAFT PDFDavid Janett
This document is a literature review investigating the relationship between intra-abdominal pressure, spine stability, and force production during weightlifting. The review examines 28 studies on how breathing patterns and increased intra-abdominal pressure through breath holding can improve spine stability and potentially increase force production. Many studies found correlations between increased intra-abdominal pressure, greater muscle activation of trunk muscles, and improved spine stability. However, the relationship between intra-abdominal pressure, spine stability and actual force production requires more research due to flaws in previous study designs. More research is needed to draw stronger conclusions.
An aquatic exercise program improved muscular strength, endurance, work and power in patients with multiple sclerosis. For the lower extremities, knee extensor peak torque significantly increased from pre- to mid-trial. Fatigue and work values improved significantly from pre- to post-trial. For the upper extremities, all force measurements significantly increased from pre- to post-trial. Power and total work values also improved significantly, though no significant change in fatigue was found. The results indicate aquatic exercise can induce positive changes to muscular functioning for individuals with multiple sclerosis.
Slope walking causes short-term changes in soleus H-reflex excitability. Downslope walking reduces the Hmax/Mmax ratio more than level walking, indicating decreased spinal excitability. Upslope walking increases the Hslp/Mslp ratio and decreases rate-dependent depression, suggesting increased spinal excitability. These changes recover within 45 minutes. The effects of slope walking on spinal excitability are determined by the specific slope and likely related to differences in muscle activity and afferent feedback required for different slopes.
The study compared the effectiveness of electrical stimulation (ES) versus voluntary exercise (VE) for strengthening thigh musculature after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructive surgery. Twenty patients were randomly assigned to either an ES or VE group and completed a 3-week training regimen. Results showed that patients in the ES group achieved significantly higher percentages of knee extension and flexion torque compared to patients in the VE group, indicating ES was more effective for strengthening thigh muscles early in postoperative rehabilitation.
The document summarizes a study that examined the effects of endurance, resistance, and concurrent (endurance and resistance) training on cardiac structure in female students. The study found that 8 weeks of concurrent training significantly increased left ventricular end diastolic diameter compared to endurance or resistance training alone. Concurrent training also significantly increased left ventricular end systolic diameter, mass, and mass index. No other measured variables showed significant differences between groups. The results indicate that concurrent training may have a greater impact on cardiac adaptations than single-mode endurance or resistance training.
199192 - LGB556 - Strength And Conditioning ProgrammeMatt St Clair
This document provides a research proposal for a project investigating vascular occlusion resistance training. The study aims to measure the physiological responses and strength/hypertrophy gains from occlusion training at the elbow flexors. It will compare the effects of a constant occlusion pressure of 40% 1RM versus an increasing pressure over 6 weeks. Outcome measures will include 1RM strength tests, arm circumference measurements, and electromyography. The methodology describes a 3 group design, data analysis plan, and considerations for cuff pressure and width.
A comparison of 2 circuit exercise training techniques igbenito777
This study compared the metabolic, heart rate, and perceived exertion responses to circuit resistance training (CRT) using either a multistation isoinertial exercise system (MultiGym) or a customized system using Thera-Band resistance bands (ElasticGym) in people with paraplegia. Sixteen men and one woman with chronic paraplegia completed familiarization and testing on both systems. There were no significant differences in average oxygen consumption or heart rate between the two systems. However, average ratings of perceived exertion were significantly higher when using the ElasticGym system. The results suggest that CRT using a customized ElasticGym elicits similar metabolic and heart rate responses but greater perceived exertion compared to
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SLOW AND FAST SURYANAMASKAR ON PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONYogacharya AB Bhavanani
Numerous scientific studies have reported beneficial physiological changes after short and long term yoga training. Suryanamaskar is an integral part of modern yoga training and may be performed either in a slow or rapid manner. As there are few studies on suryanamaskar we conducted this study to study differential effect of 6 months training in the fast and slow versions. 42 school children in the age group of 12 to 16 were randomly divided into two groups of 21 each. Group I and Group II received 6 months training in performance of slow suryanamaskar (SSN) and fast suryanamaskar (FSN) respectively. Training in SSN produced a significant decrease in diastolic pressure. In contrast, training in FSN produced a significant increase in systolic pressure. Although there was a highly significant increase in hand grip strength and hand grip endurance in both the groups, the increase in hand grip endurance in FSN group was significantly more than in SSN group. MIP and MEP increased significantly in both groups and the increase of MIP in the FSN group was more significant as compared to SSN. Training in SSN reduced the resting diastolic pressure and rate-pressure-product, which, indicates a decrease in load on the heart. In contrast, FSN increased diastolic pressure and rate-pressure-product. The present study shows suryanamaskar has positive physiological benefits as evidenced by changes in pulmonary function, respiratory pressures, handgrip strength, handgrip endurance and resting cardiovascular parameters. It also demonstrates that there are differences between performance of suryanamaskar in a slow and fast manner and that the effects of FSN are similar to physical aerobic exercises whereas the effects of SSN are similar to those of Yoga training.
This document summarizes a study that compares two surgical approaches for total hip arthroplasty - the conventional lateral Hardinge approach and an intermuscular Hardinge approach. The study evaluated 28 patients who underwent unilateral hip replacement via one of the two approaches. Outcomes were assessed using Trendelenburg sign, plantar pressure distribution via pedobarography, and Harris Hip Scores pre-and post-operatively. The study found that both approaches led to increased total contact time and contact areas on the operated side post-surgery compared to pre-surgery. Harris Hip scores also improved significantly for both groups following the operation. The document provides details on the study methodology, surgical procedures, and analysis of results.
This study aimed to determine the positive effects of resistance training in patients with chronic heart failure and inspiratory muscle weakness. 16 patients underwent a 3-month resistance training program or served as controls. Resistance training improved skeletal and respiratory muscle function, functional capacity, cardiac function, dyspnea, and quality of life. It increased muscle strength, endurance, and exercise performance. Resistance training is an effective rehabilitation strategy for improving outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure.
Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy involves treating patients with cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions. Physiotherapists in this field work in various clinical settings like hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and private practice. They provide care for conditions such as heart disease, lung disease, and postoperative recovery from cardiac or pulmonary surgery. Research is also conducted in areas like exercise testing, public health initiatives, and new technologies related to cardiopulmonary physiotherapy.
This study evaluated a new method of monitoring exercise training called the session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) method. The session RPE method uses a participant's perceived exertion after a training session as a marker of training intensity. The study compared the session RPE method to an objective heart rate (HR) monitoring method during steady state and interval cycling, as well as basketball practice. It found a consistent relationship between the two monitoring methods, though the session RPE scores were generally higher. Even with different subjects, the relationships between the methods were similar. The study concluded the session RPE method is a valid way to quantify training during various types of exercise when objective monitoring is not possible.
This study compared the effects of static stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation in female athletes. Twelve swimmers were randomly assigned to perform one of two stretching protocols (static stretching or PNF stretching of the pectoral and biceps muscles) or act as a control group. While heart rate and blood pressure did not significantly change with stretching, oxygen saturation levels decreased significantly following both stretching protocols but not in the control group. The decreases in oxygen saturation were likely due to reduced blood flow caused by the stretching.
The effectiveness of manipulations to the thoracic spine on functional outcom...jmrobiso
This case report summarizes the treatment of a 58-year-old male patient with left rotator cuff syndrome and shoulder pain. Over the course of 9 physical therapy sessions in 5 weeks, the patient received interventions including exercise and manipulations to the thoracic spine. Outcome measures showed improvements in pain, range of motion, functional status as measured by the QuickDASH scale, and strength. The case report discusses the evidence supporting the use of thoracic manipulations for shoulder impairments and regional interdependence between adjacent joints.
This study examined the effects of mouthpiece use on gas exchange parameters during steady-state exercise in college students. Sixteen participants performed two 10-minute treadmill runs under three conditions: with a custom-fitted mouthpiece, without a mouthpiece, and nose breathing only. Oxygen consumption, oxygen consumption per kg of body weight, and carbon dioxide production were significantly higher when using a mouthpiece compared to the other two conditions. The findings suggest that mouthpiece use improves specific gas exchange parameters during exercise.
Artigo - Acupuncture on oxygen consumptionRenato Almeida
1) Auricular acupuncture had a significant effect on improving the oxygen consumption and recovery ability of boxing athletes.
2) The study found that VO2max, a key indicator of cardiovascular endurance, was significantly higher after auricular acupuncture stimulation compared to a control group.
3) Auricular acupuncture stimulation may enhance athletic performance by improving aerobic ability as shown by increased VO2max and VEmax, and faster recovery of heart rate and body temperature after exercise.
1. Early ACL rehabilitation programs should focus on closed kinetic chain exercises to initiate muscle activation and range of motion recovery.
2. As strength returns, programs should incorporate proprioception and landing mechanics training to reduce reinjury risk when returning to sport.
3. Most successful programs are comprehensive, last 9-12 months, and progress from basic strength and range of motion exercises to sport-specific training.
This document summarizes a study that examined the effectiveness of retro walking (backward walking) in patients with chronic osteoarthritis of the knee. 30 patients with grade 3 knee osteoarthritis underwent 10 minutes of retro walking per day on an inclined treadmill for 10 days. Outcome measures assessed before and after the intervention included pain, stiffness, physical function via the WOMAC index, knee extension lag, dynamic balance, and parameters of forward walking. The results showed statistically significant improvements in all outcome measures following the retro walking intervention. The study concluded that retro walking is an effective approach for reducing symptoms and improving physical function in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.
This study aimed to compare quadriceps muscle activation and perceived exertion during the leg press and Smith machine squat exercises. The researchers measured muscle activation via EMG and perceived exertion ratings in athletes performing each exercise across a range of loads. They developed predictive equations to determine equivalent loads between exercises that produce the same muscle activation and perceived exertion. The muscle activation equation was less accurate due to individual variability, while the perceived exertion equation was more accurate as it reflects the overall exertion of each exercise rather than specific muscles. These equations provide a new tool to convert loads between exercises over a training period.
Arthroplasty: Present practices by DR. D. P. SWAMI DR. D. P. SWAMI
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES FOR HIP REPLACEMENT, DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF OVERLAPPING SURGERIES IN TKR AND TEST FOR CONTAMINATION IN OPERATION THEATER
Cold water immersion alters muscle recruitment and balanceFernando Farias
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cold-water immersion on the electromyographic (EMG) response of
the lower limb and balance during unipodal jump landing. The evaluation comprised 40 individuals (20 basketball players
and 20 non-athletes). The EMG response in the lateral gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, fibular longus, rectus femoris,
hamstring and gluteus medius; amplitude and mean speed of the centre of pressure, flight time and ground reaction force
(GRF) were analysed. All volunteers remained for 20 min with their ankle immersed in cold-water, and were re-evaluated
immediately post and after 10, 20 and 30 min of reheating
1) A study investigated the effects of 22 weeks of periodized soccer training focused on technical-tactical ability in young players.
2) The training reduced markers of muscle damage (CK and LDH levels) over time and improved high-intensity performance and tactical metrics in games.
3) Players who saw greater reductions in muscle damage markers also had larger increases in high-intensity actions during games.
This document summarizes 10 research studies on gait and balance as assessed through plantar pressure and center of pressure measurements. Several key findings are: 1) Certain center of pressure measures can predict chronic ankle instability but with low accuracy; 2) Center of pressure velocity can classify elderly fallers versus non-fallers with high accuracy; 3) Gait velocity affects orthotic prescription, as rearfoot pronation differs between walking and running; 4) Rocker-bottom shoes increase postural sway in response to perturbations compared to normal shoes; 5) Specific plantar pressure patterns are associated with lower leg injuries in runners; 6) Center of pressure data can indicate rearfoot motion but not precisely; 7) Plantar pressure can be reliably
Effects of Velocity Loss During Resistance Training on Performance in Profess...Fernando Farias
To analyze the effects of two resistance training (RT) programs that used the same relative loading but different repetition volume, using the velocity loss during the set as the independent variable: 15% (VL15) vs. 30% (VL30). Methods: Sixteen professional soccer players with RT experience (age 23.8 ± 3.5 years, body mass 75.5 ± 8.6 kg) were randomly assigned to two groups: VL15 (n = 8) or VL30 (n = 8) that followed a 6-week (18 sessions) velocity-based squat training program. Repetition velocity was monitored in all sessions. Assessments performed before (Pre) and after training (Post) included: estimated one- repetition maximum (1RM) and change in average mean propulsive velocity (AMPV) against absolute loads common to Pre and Post tests; countermovement jump (CMJ); 30-m sprint (T30); and Yo-yo intermittent recovery test (YYIRT).
This letter discusses a recent study that examined the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on pulmonary oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation kinetics during exercise. The study found that IPC increased exercise time to exhaustion and changed muscle deoxygenation kinetics, but did not change pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics. However, the letter notes limitations in the study's analysis of pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics due to using a single exercise transition, and questions how normalization of muscle deoxygenation data could impact results. The letter also discusses inconsistencies in how IPC affects muscle deoxygenation across studies. In summary, the letter provides commentary on a study regarding IPC and exercise, noting limitations and raising questions about data analysis and comparisons
Hamstring strain prevention in elite soccer playersFernando Farias
Hamstring strains are among the most
common injury in sport and are most
often observed in sports that involve
sprinting, turning, and jumping
(8,38,63). The prevalence of hamstring
strains has been measured between 11
and 16% in studies of soccer, Australian
rules football, and cricket (92). This can
result in an average of 6 players per squad
suffering a hamstring injury (defined as
“preventing player participation in
a match”) each season in professional
soccer and Australian rules football
Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that commonly affects the elderly. It causes progressive damage to articular cartilage and surrounding structures in the hip joint. The main symptoms are pain in the groin region that may radiate to the knee, joint stiffness, and functional impairment. Risk factors include age, obesity, previous hip injury or surgery. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, physical exam findings, and radiographic changes. Treatment involves patient education, exercises to increase strength and flexibility, weight loss, and joint replacement surgery for advanced cases.
This research article studied whether TRX suspension training could reduce injury rates in futsal athletes by improving Functional Movement Screening (FMS) scores. 24 futsal players were randomly assigned to a control or intervention group. The intervention group did TRX training 3 times a week for 6 weeks, while the control group did regular training. Both groups were tested with the FMS before and after. The intervention group significantly improved their deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, trunk rotary stability, and total FMS scores compared to the control group. The results suggest that TRX training can strengthen the core and improve motor control patterns to potentially reduce injuries in futsal players by increasing FMS scores.
Ibramed convention program workshop sessions 2015 ACN
This two-day Conference will provide the clinician with evidence
based utilization of electrophysical agents (EPAs) including
neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), electro-pain
modulation (TENS), functional electrical stimulation (FES), and
ultrasound. This will be accomplished through a combination of
lecture and hands-on workshop sessions aimed at identifying the
indications for and evidence-based use of these electrophysical
agents. Day 1 will consist of lectures addressing the physiologic
basis and biophysical properties of EPAs including current best
evidence for use, administration, parameter selection, and integration
of EPAs into the complete patient care plan. Techniques to be
demonstrated and practiced during Day 2 workshops will include
NMES for muscle training and strengthening including functional
clinical applications to a variety of musculoskeletal diagnoses,
identification of proper dosing with NMES, use and progression of
FES in various populations, selection and rationale for use of electropain
modulation and ultrasound. All speakers are internationally
recognized for their clinical utilization, research, and
peer-reviewed publications in the respective EPAs.
This document is a 3 page curriculum vitae for Kenneth J. Rogers, PhD, AT that outlines his education, employment experience, professional associations, and publications. It lists that he received his PhD in Kinesiology from Temple University in 2003, has over 25 years of experience as an athletic trainer and clinical researcher, and has numerous publications in peer-reviewed journals and book chapters related to sports medicine.
This document summarizes a study that compares two surgical approaches for total hip arthroplasty - the conventional lateral Hardinge approach and an intermuscular Hardinge approach. The study evaluated 28 patients who underwent unilateral hip replacement via one of the two approaches. Outcomes were assessed using Trendelenburg sign, plantar pressure distribution via pedobarography, and Harris Hip Scores pre-and post-operatively. The study found that both approaches led to increased total contact time and contact areas on the operated side post-surgery compared to pre-surgery. Harris Hip scores also improved significantly for both groups following the operation. The document provides details on the study methodology, surgical procedures, and analysis of results.
This study aimed to determine the positive effects of resistance training in patients with chronic heart failure and inspiratory muscle weakness. 16 patients underwent a 3-month resistance training program or served as controls. Resistance training improved skeletal and respiratory muscle function, functional capacity, cardiac function, dyspnea, and quality of life. It increased muscle strength, endurance, and exercise performance. Resistance training is an effective rehabilitation strategy for improving outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure.
Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy involves treating patients with cardiovascular and pulmonary conditions. Physiotherapists in this field work in various clinical settings like hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and private practice. They provide care for conditions such as heart disease, lung disease, and postoperative recovery from cardiac or pulmonary surgery. Research is also conducted in areas like exercise testing, public health initiatives, and new technologies related to cardiopulmonary physiotherapy.
This study evaluated a new method of monitoring exercise training called the session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) method. The session RPE method uses a participant's perceived exertion after a training session as a marker of training intensity. The study compared the session RPE method to an objective heart rate (HR) monitoring method during steady state and interval cycling, as well as basketball practice. It found a consistent relationship between the two monitoring methods, though the session RPE scores were generally higher. Even with different subjects, the relationships between the methods were similar. The study concluded the session RPE method is a valid way to quantify training during various types of exercise when objective monitoring is not possible.
This study compared the effects of static stretching and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching on heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation in female athletes. Twelve swimmers were randomly assigned to perform one of two stretching protocols (static stretching or PNF stretching of the pectoral and biceps muscles) or act as a control group. While heart rate and blood pressure did not significantly change with stretching, oxygen saturation levels decreased significantly following both stretching protocols but not in the control group. The decreases in oxygen saturation were likely due to reduced blood flow caused by the stretching.
The effectiveness of manipulations to the thoracic spine on functional outcom...jmrobiso
This case report summarizes the treatment of a 58-year-old male patient with left rotator cuff syndrome and shoulder pain. Over the course of 9 physical therapy sessions in 5 weeks, the patient received interventions including exercise and manipulations to the thoracic spine. Outcome measures showed improvements in pain, range of motion, functional status as measured by the QuickDASH scale, and strength. The case report discusses the evidence supporting the use of thoracic manipulations for shoulder impairments and regional interdependence between adjacent joints.
This study examined the effects of mouthpiece use on gas exchange parameters during steady-state exercise in college students. Sixteen participants performed two 10-minute treadmill runs under three conditions: with a custom-fitted mouthpiece, without a mouthpiece, and nose breathing only. Oxygen consumption, oxygen consumption per kg of body weight, and carbon dioxide production were significantly higher when using a mouthpiece compared to the other two conditions. The findings suggest that mouthpiece use improves specific gas exchange parameters during exercise.
Artigo - Acupuncture on oxygen consumptionRenato Almeida
1) Auricular acupuncture had a significant effect on improving the oxygen consumption and recovery ability of boxing athletes.
2) The study found that VO2max, a key indicator of cardiovascular endurance, was significantly higher after auricular acupuncture stimulation compared to a control group.
3) Auricular acupuncture stimulation may enhance athletic performance by improving aerobic ability as shown by increased VO2max and VEmax, and faster recovery of heart rate and body temperature after exercise.
1. Early ACL rehabilitation programs should focus on closed kinetic chain exercises to initiate muscle activation and range of motion recovery.
2. As strength returns, programs should incorporate proprioception and landing mechanics training to reduce reinjury risk when returning to sport.
3. Most successful programs are comprehensive, last 9-12 months, and progress from basic strength and range of motion exercises to sport-specific training.
This document summarizes a study that examined the effectiveness of retro walking (backward walking) in patients with chronic osteoarthritis of the knee. 30 patients with grade 3 knee osteoarthritis underwent 10 minutes of retro walking per day on an inclined treadmill for 10 days. Outcome measures assessed before and after the intervention included pain, stiffness, physical function via the WOMAC index, knee extension lag, dynamic balance, and parameters of forward walking. The results showed statistically significant improvements in all outcome measures following the retro walking intervention. The study concluded that retro walking is an effective approach for reducing symptoms and improving physical function in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.
This study aimed to compare quadriceps muscle activation and perceived exertion during the leg press and Smith machine squat exercises. The researchers measured muscle activation via EMG and perceived exertion ratings in athletes performing each exercise across a range of loads. They developed predictive equations to determine equivalent loads between exercises that produce the same muscle activation and perceived exertion. The muscle activation equation was less accurate due to individual variability, while the perceived exertion equation was more accurate as it reflects the overall exertion of each exercise rather than specific muscles. These equations provide a new tool to convert loads between exercises over a training period.
Arthroplasty: Present practices by DR. D. P. SWAMI DR. D. P. SWAMI
COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT APPROACHES FOR HIP REPLACEMENT, DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF OVERLAPPING SURGERIES IN TKR AND TEST FOR CONTAMINATION IN OPERATION THEATER
Cold water immersion alters muscle recruitment and balanceFernando Farias
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cold-water immersion on the electromyographic (EMG) response of
the lower limb and balance during unipodal jump landing. The evaluation comprised 40 individuals (20 basketball players
and 20 non-athletes). The EMG response in the lateral gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, fibular longus, rectus femoris,
hamstring and gluteus medius; amplitude and mean speed of the centre of pressure, flight time and ground reaction force
(GRF) were analysed. All volunteers remained for 20 min with their ankle immersed in cold-water, and were re-evaluated
immediately post and after 10, 20 and 30 min of reheating
1) A study investigated the effects of 22 weeks of periodized soccer training focused on technical-tactical ability in young players.
2) The training reduced markers of muscle damage (CK and LDH levels) over time and improved high-intensity performance and tactical metrics in games.
3) Players who saw greater reductions in muscle damage markers also had larger increases in high-intensity actions during games.
This document summarizes 10 research studies on gait and balance as assessed through plantar pressure and center of pressure measurements. Several key findings are: 1) Certain center of pressure measures can predict chronic ankle instability but with low accuracy; 2) Center of pressure velocity can classify elderly fallers versus non-fallers with high accuracy; 3) Gait velocity affects orthotic prescription, as rearfoot pronation differs between walking and running; 4) Rocker-bottom shoes increase postural sway in response to perturbations compared to normal shoes; 5) Specific plantar pressure patterns are associated with lower leg injuries in runners; 6) Center of pressure data can indicate rearfoot motion but not precisely; 7) Plantar pressure can be reliably
Effects of Velocity Loss During Resistance Training on Performance in Profess...Fernando Farias
To analyze the effects of two resistance training (RT) programs that used the same relative loading but different repetition volume, using the velocity loss during the set as the independent variable: 15% (VL15) vs. 30% (VL30). Methods: Sixteen professional soccer players with RT experience (age 23.8 ± 3.5 years, body mass 75.5 ± 8.6 kg) were randomly assigned to two groups: VL15 (n = 8) or VL30 (n = 8) that followed a 6-week (18 sessions) velocity-based squat training program. Repetition velocity was monitored in all sessions. Assessments performed before (Pre) and after training (Post) included: estimated one- repetition maximum (1RM) and change in average mean propulsive velocity (AMPV) against absolute loads common to Pre and Post tests; countermovement jump (CMJ); 30-m sprint (T30); and Yo-yo intermittent recovery test (YYIRT).
This letter discusses a recent study that examined the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on pulmonary oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation kinetics during exercise. The study found that IPC increased exercise time to exhaustion and changed muscle deoxygenation kinetics, but did not change pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics. However, the letter notes limitations in the study's analysis of pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics due to using a single exercise transition, and questions how normalization of muscle deoxygenation data could impact results. The letter also discusses inconsistencies in how IPC affects muscle deoxygenation across studies. In summary, the letter provides commentary on a study regarding IPC and exercise, noting limitations and raising questions about data analysis and comparisons
Hamstring strain prevention in elite soccer playersFernando Farias
Hamstring strains are among the most
common injury in sport and are most
often observed in sports that involve
sprinting, turning, and jumping
(8,38,63). The prevalence of hamstring
strains has been measured between 11
and 16% in studies of soccer, Australian
rules football, and cricket (92). This can
result in an average of 6 players per squad
suffering a hamstring injury (defined as
“preventing player participation in
a match”) each season in professional
soccer and Australian rules football
Hip osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that commonly affects the elderly. It causes progressive damage to articular cartilage and surrounding structures in the hip joint. The main symptoms are pain in the groin region that may radiate to the knee, joint stiffness, and functional impairment. Risk factors include age, obesity, previous hip injury or surgery. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, physical exam findings, and radiographic changes. Treatment involves patient education, exercises to increase strength and flexibility, weight loss, and joint replacement surgery for advanced cases.
This research article studied whether TRX suspension training could reduce injury rates in futsal athletes by improving Functional Movement Screening (FMS) scores. 24 futsal players were randomly assigned to a control or intervention group. The intervention group did TRX training 3 times a week for 6 weeks, while the control group did regular training. Both groups were tested with the FMS before and after. The intervention group significantly improved their deep squat, hurdle step, inline lunge, trunk rotary stability, and total FMS scores compared to the control group. The results suggest that TRX training can strengthen the core and improve motor control patterns to potentially reduce injuries in futsal players by increasing FMS scores.
Ibramed convention program workshop sessions 2015 ACN
This two-day Conference will provide the clinician with evidence
based utilization of electrophysical agents (EPAs) including
neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), electro-pain
modulation (TENS), functional electrical stimulation (FES), and
ultrasound. This will be accomplished through a combination of
lecture and hands-on workshop sessions aimed at identifying the
indications for and evidence-based use of these electrophysical
agents. Day 1 will consist of lectures addressing the physiologic
basis and biophysical properties of EPAs including current best
evidence for use, administration, parameter selection, and integration
of EPAs into the complete patient care plan. Techniques to be
demonstrated and practiced during Day 2 workshops will include
NMES for muscle training and strengthening including functional
clinical applications to a variety of musculoskeletal diagnoses,
identification of proper dosing with NMES, use and progression of
FES in various populations, selection and rationale for use of electropain
modulation and ultrasound. All speakers are internationally
recognized for their clinical utilization, research, and
peer-reviewed publications in the respective EPAs.
This document is a 3 page curriculum vitae for Kenneth J. Rogers, PhD, AT that outlines his education, employment experience, professional associations, and publications. It lists that he received his PhD in Kinesiology from Temple University in 2003, has over 25 years of experience as an athletic trainer and clinical researcher, and has numerous publications in peer-reviewed journals and book chapters related to sports medicine.
This curriculum vitae outlines the career and accomplishments of Dr. Tom M. McLellan. Over the past 40 years, Dr. McLellan has had an extensive career in exercise physiology, including roles as a professor, researcher, and research consultant. He has published over 325 papers, reports, presentations and invited lectures. Currently, Dr. McLellan is the director of his own research consulting company and his research interests include topics like immune-inflammatory responses to stress, supplements to enhance performance, and developing guidelines for personnel operating in hot environments.
This curriculum vitae summarizes the educational and professional background of Joel T. Cramer. It lists that he received his Ph.D. in Exercise Physiology from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in 2003, and has held various teaching positions at universities including the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Oklahoma State University, and the University of Oklahoma. It also outlines his professional credentials and awards. Cramer has over $2.8 million in external research funding and has published extensively in the field of exercise physiology.
This curriculum vitae summarizes the career and qualifications of Dominic P. D'Agostino, Ph.D. It outlines his education, including obtaining a B.S. in biological sciences and nutritional sciences and a Ph.D. in neuroscience and physiology. It then details his academic employment history, research focus, teaching experience, training of students, professional memberships, awards, and publications. His research program develops and tests metabolic therapies for conditions like seizures, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and muscle wasting, using techniques like in vivo imaging, electrophysiology, and microscopy.
This document provides an overview of the 9th edition of ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. It lists the senior editor, Linda S. Pescatello, and associate editors Ross Arena, Deborah Riebe, and Paul D. Thompson. It also provides a brief history of the Guidelines and those who have served as editors for previous editions. Key changes in the 9th edition include simplifying pre-participation health screening to promote physical activity and integrating the most recent guidelines from ACSM and other organizations to make it the most current primary resource.
This front matter provides information about the authors and copyright of the 4th edition of the textbook "Essentials of Exercise Physiology". It lists the authors and their academic affiliations. It also provides details about the copyright, including that many figures are copyrighted by Fitness Technologies Press, Frank I. Katch, and Victor L. Katch. The front matter outlines the organization of the textbook and highlights new and expanded content for this 4th edition.
On March 30th, Dr. Melchor Antunano Director of the Civil Aerospace Medical Institute organized a ceremony to honor our late founding CAMI Director, and former Wright State University's Aerospace Medicine Program Director Dr. Stanley R. Mohler with testimonials from family, colleagues & friends and the dedication of a memorial plaque and tree in front of the CAMI building.
This is Dr. Melchor Antunano's presentation that day.
On March 30th, 2015 we will honor our late founding CAMI Director, Dr. Stanley R. Mohler with testimonials from family, colleagues & friends and the dedication of a memorial plaque and tree in front of the CAMI building
Walter F. Boron, Emile L. Boulpaep - Medical Physiology (2017, Elsevier) - li...RicardoPessoa40
This document provides information about the third edition of the textbook "Medical Physiology" edited by Walter F. Boron and Emile L. Boulpaep. It lists the editors and over 30 contributors to the textbook. The preface discusses updates that have been made to the third edition, including revisions to many chapters to reflect new molecular insights and physiological concepts. Over 190 tables and figures were updated or added, along with an increase in supplemental online notes. The editors aim to integrate concepts from molecular to human physiology and place physiology in a clinical context.
This document is a curriculum vitae for Dr. Vanessa McGowan. It outlines her education, including medical school and residency training, as well as her professional experience, skills, research, honors, and volunteer activities. She has trained and worked in physical medicine and rehabilitation, sports medicine, and interventional spine procedures. Her experience includes fellowship training, residency chief residency, and attending physician roles at academic medical centers.
My board certifications are in Neurology, Biochemical Genetics, and Molecular Genetics. After selling my molecular and biochemical diagnostics company in 2015, I have been focused on peer reviewed publications and advancing the field of Precision Medicine.
Andrew Miller is a PhD candidate in physical activity and wellness at Arizona State University. His dissertation examines the effects of rewind yoga on balance, function, and strength. He has a master's degree from Utah State University and 10 years of experience teaching and conducting research related to exercise physiology, physical activity, and aging. His CV lists his education, teaching experience, publications, presentations, research funding and awards.
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publicati.docxedgar6wallace88877
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231740008
Cruciate ligament loading during common knee rehabilitation exercises
Article in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine · September 2012
DOI: 10.1177/0954411912451839 · Source: PubMed
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/231740008_Cruciate_ligament_loading_during_common_knee_rehabilitation_exercises?enrichId=rgreq-8852a600dafd042a7f3518b6537ffee9-XXX&enrichSource=Y292ZXJQYWdlOzIzMTc0MDAwODtBUzoyMTQ2OTAzMzM0OTkzOTJAMTQyODE5NzU3Mjg2Mg%3D%3D&el=1_x_2&_esc=publicationCoverPdf
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ht.
This curriculum vitae summarizes the career and qualifications of Dr. Swarna Balasubramaniam. She is a colorectal surgeon practicing in Sugar Land, Texas, where she built a solo practice with 4 staff and annual revenue of $600,000-$700,000. She has held positions as Chief of Colon and Rectal Surgery at Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center and staff surgeon roles at several hospitals. Dr. Balasubramaniam completed surgical residency and fellowships, is board certified in general and colon/rectal surgery, and maintains active memberships in professional societies.
This document summarizes international guidelines for physical activity following pregnancy from 6 sources: Australia, Canada, Norway, United Kingdom, and two from the United States. All guidelines embedded physical activity recommendations within pregnancy guidelines. They identified benefits like improved mood and fitness. Guidelines agreed that moderate physical activity does not negatively impact breastfeeding. They provided general timing for resuming activity and mentioned aerobic exercise, pelvic floor exercises, and walking. However, guidelines lacked specificity around exercise prescriptions and did not discuss sedentary behavior.
This document discusses arthroscopic lateral release of the patella with radiofrequency ablation. It provides indications for the procedure including recalcitrant anterior knee pain associated with tightness of the lateral retinaculum, patellofemoral arthritis with lateral patellar tilt, and recurrent patellar subluxations/dislocations. Contraindications include using it to treat chronic anterior knee pain in adolescents with normal patellar tracking. The document outlines the surgical technique and emphasizes conservative treatment should be tried for at least 6-12 months before considering surgery.
This document provides a summary of Wendy Cheesman's credentials and experience. She has over 25 years of experience as a physical therapist and athletic trainer. She currently works as a senior lecturer and athletic trainer at Messiah College, providing care to athletes and teaching courses. She also works part-time as a physical therapist at an outpatient clinic. Previously, she has held positions as a physical therapist and athletic trainer in Pennsylvania and Connecticut. She received her Doctor of Physical Therapy degree from Temple University and has various certifications.
Dr Peter Fuller is a sports medicine physician with over 35 years of experience. He has extensive involvement with the Australasian College of Sports Physicians including being a founding member, Vice President, and current examiner. Dr Fuller treats athletes, active individuals, and those with musculoskeletal pain. He specializes in injuries like tendinopathies, stress fractures, and joint issues. Dr Fuller has published articles, contributed to a sports injuries book, and presents on sports medicine topics. He maintains relationships with surgeons and other specialists to provide comprehensive care.
Assessing recovery and establishing prognosis following total knee arthroplastyFUAD HAZIME
This study assessed recovery over 1 year following total knee arthroplasty using the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) and Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). The greatest improvement occurred in the first 12 weeks, with slower improvement from 12-26 weeks, and little improvement after 26 weeks. The results provide clinicians with information on expected recovery timelines to guide prognosis and rehabilitation planning.
Assessing recovery and establishing prognosis following total knee arthroplasty
Raven biosketch May 2015
1. OMB No. 0925-0001/0002 (Rev. 08/12 Approved Through 8/31/2015)
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Provide the follow ing information for the Senior/key personnel and other significant contributors.
Follow this format for each person. DO NOT EXCEED FIVE PAGES.
NAME: Peter B. Raven
eRA COMMONS USER NAME (credential, e.g., agency login): PRAVEN
POSITION TITLE: Professor
EDUCATION/TRAINING (Begin with baccalaureate or other initial professional education, such as nursing,
include postdoctoral training and residency training if applicable. Add/delete rows as necessary.)
INSTITUTION AND LOCATION
DEGREE
(if
applicable)
Completion
Date
MM/YYYY
FIELD OF STUDY
University of Exeter, England Teach Cert. 1965 Education
University of Oregon, Eugene, OR B.S. 1966 Physical Education
University of Oregon, Eugene, OR M.S. 1967 Scientific Basis of P.E.
University of Oregon, Eugene, OR Ph.D. 1969 Exercise Physiology
University of California, Santa Barbara, CA Post-Doc 1969-70 Aging-NICHD
Please refer to the Biographical Sketch sample in order to complete sections A, B, C, and D of the
Biographical Sketch.
A. Personal Statement
I am currently a Professor in the Department of Integrative Physiology, UNTHSC and have 41 years of
experience in directing Human Integrative Physiological Research as a Principal Investigator funded by
NIEHS, NIOSH, NHLBI, USAF and NASA. I joined the UNTHSC (Nee TCOM) faculty in 1977 with Department
of Energy funding from Los Alamos National Laboratories to identify the Physiological limitations of the Man-
Industrial Respirator interface during exercise. In collaboration with W. P. Morgan at the Univ. of Wisconsin,
Madison and funded by NIOSH results from this research enabled us to establish respirator performance
criteria for the National Firefighters Association. Since 1984 I have focused my research on investigating
arterial baroreflex control of blood pressure during exercise, orthostasis and following exercise training and
detraining (see references below). In support of this work I was funded continuously by NHLBI from 1984 to
2007. More recently I investigated another avenue of research in an attempt to understand the role of the
“intermittent hypoxia induced sympathetic activation of the sleep apnea patient’s resultant hypertension”.
However, my current application returns my focus to identifying the signaling mechanisms involved in exercise
induced arterial baroreflex resetting and the pathophysiological mechanisms of “Exercise Induced
Hypertension (EIHt)”, This proposed investigation requires clinical collaboration with a long-time colleague
Dr. Al. O Yurvati a Board Certified cardio-thoracic surgeon of UNTHSC and an external consultant, Dr Matthew
Zimmerman, providing measurement and interpretation of Free Radicals using electron paramagnetic
spectroscopy (EPR).Other collaborating investigators include Drs Michael Smith (MSNA measurement),
Robert Mallet (Biochemical and Endocrinological measures) and Shande Chen (Biostaistician) and an external
consultant cardiologist Dr. Paul Bhella (recruitment of patients). In addition, one DO/Ph.D. graduate student
and one Ph.D. graduate student mentored by Dr. Raven plus one Research associate to be appointed
complete the research team for the proposed project. With my PI experience, the support of the research team
and our unique customized software and hardware equipment, I fully anticipate successful completion of the
project. Further support for success of the proposed project is the historical collaborations of the PI with other
PIs at UT Southwestern Medical Center, TX. U. of Missouri in Columbia, MO.,U. of Copenhagen in
2. Copenhagen, DK., The Baker Heart Institute in Melbourne, Australia, Toya University in Tokyo, Japan and the
University of Birmingham in Birmingham, UK.
B. Positions and Honors
Positions and Employment
1970–1975 Assist. Res. Prof.(1970-1973); Assoc. Res.
Professor (1973-1975) Inst. of Environ. Stress at UCSB
1975-1977 Inst. of Aerobics Research, Research Director Environ. Section, Dallas, TX
1977 Chair (1994-2001); Acting Chair (1993-1994); Profess (2005-present),
Assoc. Prof. (1977-1986), UNTHSC
2008–2009 Interim, Assist. Dean, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, UNTHSC
2008–2011 Joint Professor, Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, TCOM/JPS, UNTHSC
1995 - Member and Director (1995 – 2001), CV Res. Inst., UNTHSC
1993 – Member, Graduate Faculty, GSBS, UNTHSC
2003 – Visiting Prof. DaCRA -University of Copenhagen Faculty of Health Sciences
Copenhagen, DK.
1979–1993 Graduate Faculty, U. of North Texas, Denton, TX
1977-1988 Visiting Professor, Dept. of HPE&D, TWU, Denton, TX 76203
1979-1987 Visiting Research Professor, VAHospital/UTSWMC, Dallas, TX
Other Experience and Professional Memberships:
1981-present American Heart Association/Texas Affiliate
1979-present American College of Sports Medicine - Texas Chapter Founder; Past President (1979),
Executive Secretary (1980-84), Executive Director (1990-93)
1971-present American College of Sports Medicine - Fellow; Vice President (1982-84), President-Elect (1986-
87) President (1987-88), Past President (1988-present)
1971-present American Physiological Society.
2004-present The Physiological Society
Honors
2013 Legend of ACSM
2011-present Member of NASA/JSC-HRP-SRP member, NASA
2012 Texas ACSM Service Award, Texas Chapter-American College of Sports Medicine
2011 Honor Award: Exercise and Environmental Section of the American
Physiological Society
2008 Invited member of NASA’s Space Board National Science Foundation/National Academy of
Science
2006 Benjamin L. Cohen, DO. Award for Outstanding ResearchAchievement 2005 -2006
2001 KORRAward for Exemplary Commitment to Basic Science Research. Presented by the Bureau
of Research of the American Osteopathic Association, San Diego, CA, October 23, 2001
1996 Presidential Lecture, American College of Sports Medicine, Annual Meeting, Cincinnati, Ohio,
May 31st, 1996
1995 Citation Award American College of Sports Medicine
1993 TACSM Honor Award
1992 Chair of the Heart and Vascular Working Committee for the 2nd International Consensus
Symposium on Physical Activity, Fitness and Health, Toronto, Canada, May, 1992.
1989 ACSM Representative to the President’s Council on Physical Fitness Exchange visit to Moscow
and Leningrad, USSR.
1988 Presidential Lecture Southeast Regional Chapter of ACSM, Winston-Salem, NC, January 1988.
1987-1988 President, American College of Sports Medicine
1987 Presentation David Bruce Dill Annual Lecture, Southwest Regional Chapter of ACSM, Las
Vegas, NV.
1986 Peter B. Raven Lecture named as the Keynote Address at the annual meeting of the Texas
Chapter of the American College of Sports Medicine.
1986 Co-Recipient with W.P. Morgan of John M. WhiteAward for Best Paper on Respiratory
Protection in 1985. Presented by the American Industrial Hygiene Association, May 1986
3. 1969-1971 Postdoctoral Trainee, National Institutes of Health.
1965-1967 Foreign Student Scholarship, University of Oregon
1965 Honor Student Award, St. Luke’s College, University of Exeter, England.
C. Contributions to Science
i ) In the first 10 years (1970 – 1979) of my research career, the first three years being supported by a NIH-
NRSA Post-Doctoral training grant directed by Steven M. Horvath, I published 14 first author and 15 co-
authored peer reviewed, 9 non-peer reviewed and 4 lay manuscripts. The primary focus of my research was on
exercise performance in environmental stressors of heat, cold, air pollution and wearing self-contained
breathing respirators. Much of this work was funded by NIEHS and/or the Cal. Air Resources Board. Two
publications of note influenced the future development of my career:
1. Morgan, WP, PB Raven, BL Drinkwater and SM Horvath. “Perceptual and metabolic responsivity to
standard bicycle ergometry following various hypnotic suggestions” Int. J. of Clin. Exp. Hypnosis. 21:86-
101, 1973.
A study into the manipulation of Central Command
2. Raven, PB, AT Dodson and TO Davis. The Physiological consequences of wearing Industrial
Respirators: A Review. Am. Ind. Hygiene Assoc. J. 40: 517-534, 1979.
The outcomes of this respirator research formed the basis of the next ten years of research into
the limitations imposed on Firefighters wearing SCBAs.
In the next ten years, (1980 – 1989) I published 30 first or major authors, 5 co-authored peer reviewed
publications plus 8 of 9 first-authored non –peer reviewed scientific and 5 lay publications.
ii ) A landmark publication, in which we used clinical anxiety assessments to predict psychological distress
during respirator wear, received the AIHJ- John M. White for excellence in Respiratory Protection. This
work resulted in our total published work on respirator wear (17 peer reviewed publications) providing a
foundation for the NIOSH/OSHA revising performance guidelines for SCBA wear during emergencies (Fire,
Mine Rescue, Noxious Atmospheres etc.).
3. Morgan, WP and PB Raven. Prediction of distress for individuals wearing industrial respirators. Amer.
Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 46:363-368, 1985.
4. Wilson, JR, PB Raven, WP Morgan, SA Zinkgraf, RG Garmon and AW Jackson. Effects of Pressure-
Demand respirator wear on physiological perceptual variables during progressive exercise to maximal
levels. Amer. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 50: 85-94, 1989.
5. Wilson, JR, PB Raven, SA Zinkgraf, WP Morgan and AW Jackson. Alterations on physiological and
perceptual variables during exhaustive endurance work while wearing a pressure-demand respirator.
Amer. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 50: 139-146 1989.
iii ) In this second decade of my career I was stimulated by two pre-eminent clinical integrative physiologists,
Jere Mitchell, MD and Gunnar Blomqvist, MD, to explore autonomic neural control (ANC) of arterial blood
pressure during exercise in exercise trained and untrained humans. A path I have followed for the past 35
years. Initially our work employed lower body negative pressure (LBNP) or head-up tilt (HUT) as the autonomic
challenge and resulted in a total of 18 peer reviewed publications.
6. Raven PB, M. Saito, FA Gaffney and CG Blomqvist. Interactions between surface cooling and LBNP
induced central hypervolemia. J. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 51:497-503, 1980.
7. Raven PB, D. Rohm-Young and CG Blomqvist. Physical fitness and cardiovascular response to lower
body negative pressure. J. Appl. Physiol. 56: 138-144, 1984.
8. Raven PB, K Klein, M Smucker, JH Mitchell and JV Nixon. The effect of cardiac autonomic blockade of
ventricular responses to changes in cardiac preload. J. auto. Nerv. syst. 13:263-272, 1985.
9. Smith, ML and PB Raven. Cardiovascular responses to lower body negative pressure in endurance and
static exercise trained men. Med Sci. Sports and Exerc. 18:505 – 508, 1986
10. Smith, ML, DL Hudson, HM Graitzer and PB Raven. Blood pressure regulation during cardiac
autonomic blockade: Effect of fitness. J. Appl. Physiol. 65: 1789-1795, 1988.
4. 11. Pawelczyk, JA and PB Raven. Reductions in central venous pressure improve carotid baroreflex
responses in conscious men. AJP-Heart 257: H1389-1395, 1989
iv ) In 1985 a young James Pawelczyk joined my research group and proceeded to develop the hardware and
software and constructed a customized neck pressure (NP) neck suction (NS) computerized system to
selectively stimulate the carotid baroreceptors of humans during HUT, LBNP and dynamic exercise (see
reference #6 above).
In the decade of the 1990s I published 39 peer reviewed (7 of which were not focused on ANC of the CV
system) and 15 non-peer reviewed book chapters (13 of which were focused on the ANC of the CV
system).
12. Raven PB and JA Pawelczyk. Chronic endurance exercise training: a condition of inadequate blood
pressure regulation and reduced tolerance to LBNP. MSSE 25:713-721, 1993
13. Williamson, JW and PB Raven. Unilateral carotid-cardiac baroreflex responses in humans. AJP-Heart
265: H1033-H1037, 1993
14. Potts, JT, XR Shi and PB Raven. Carotid baroreflex responsiveness during dynamic exercise in
humans. AJP-Heart 265:H 1928-H 1938, 1993
15. Williamson, JW, JH Mitchell, HL Olesen, PB Raven and NH Secher. Reflex increase in blood pressure
induced by leg compression in man. J. of Physiol. 4745.2:351-357, 1994.
16. Crandall, CG, KA Engelke, VA Convertino and PB Raven. Aortic baroreflex control of heart rate after
15-days of simulated microgravity exposure. J. Appl. Physiol. 77:2134-2139, 1994.
17. Potts, JT, X Shi and PB Raven. Cardiopulmonary baroreceptors modulate carotid baroreflex control of
heart rate during dynamic exercise in humans AJP-Heart 268: H1567-H1576, 1995.
18. Smith, SA, KM Gallagher, KH Norton, RG Querry, RM Welch-O’Connor and PB Raven. Ventilatory
responses to dynamic exercise elicited by intramuscular sensors. MSSE 31: 277-286, 1999.
19. Norton, KH, R. Boushel, S. Strange, B. Saltin and PB Raven resetting of the carotid arterial baroreflex
during dynamic exercise in humans. J. Appl. Physiol.87: 332-338, 1999.
v ) In the 1990s our manuscripts #17 and #19 above established that the operating point (OP) pressure of
the arterial baroreflex was progressively reset to a higher arterial pressure that was directly related to the
increasing work intensity of an exercise stress test. 20 - 25% of individuals that are referred for exercise
stress testing have a negative test but exhibit exercise induced hypertension (EIHt). These patients have a
five year prognosis of being diagnosed with essential hypertension. While normotensive patients at rest
that exhibit EIHt have a 2-3 fold increased risk for the development of hypertension and a greater
prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy.
Hence, beginning in the year 2000 I have focused my investigations on identifying the primary physiological
ANC mechanisms (Central Command-CC and the Exercise Pressor Reflex-EPR) involved in the exercise
induced resetting of the arterial baroreflex. It is clear from our work that one or both of the ANC
mechanisms need to be activated for baroreflex resetting to occur. Furthermore, the degree of resetting is
modulated by increases or decreases in central blood volume. Between the years 2000-2015 I published
71 peer reviewed manuscripts. The bulk this work provides me the background evidence for this current
NIH proposal intended to identify the physiological and pathophysiological signaling mechanism(s) involved
in arterial baroreflex resetting during exercise. This work is summarized in the following reviews.
20. Fadel, PJ, and PB Raven, Human investigations into arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreflexes during
exercise. Experimental Physiology 97.1: 39-50, 2012
21. Raven, PB and MW Chapleau Blood pressure regulation XI: overview and future research directions.
Eur .J. Appl. Physiol.114:: 579-586, 2014.
22. Michelini, LC, D. O’Leary, PB Raven and Antonio C. L. Nobrega. Neural control of the circulation in
exercise: A translational approach disclosing interactions between central command, arterial baroreflex
and muscle metaboreflex (an invited review in revision) AJP- Heart.
vi ) In 2011 I was awarded the EEP’s section of the APS Honor award in which “I was recognized as
world-renowned for my work in elucidating the mechanisms associated with baroreflex control of
blood pressure during exercise”.
5. Complete List of Published Work in PubMed:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=raven+pb
D. Research Support
i ) Research Support Available
Ph.D. Graduate student Research-Gilbert Moralez, M.S
Institutional Bridge funding UNTHSC-RI6100 - $5,000, AY 2015
Title-“Role of reactive Oxygen Species in Exercise Intensity related increases in Arterial
Baroreflex Resetting”
ii ) Faculty Bridge Funding UNTHSC-RI6128 $44, 500, AY 2015
P.I. - P. B. Raven, Ph.D.
Title-“Exercise Induced Hypertension in Humans: Pathophysiological
Mechanisms”
Pending support
NHLBI (P.B. Raven, PI)-HL119442-02 10/01/15-TC $1,450,000
Title: “Exercise Induced Hypertension in Humans: Pathophysiological-Mechanisms” (Revised
proposal)
The project proposes to study whether centrally (within the brain) produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) are
the signaling molecules involved in arterial baroreflex resetting during progressive increases in exercise
intensity.
In addition, the study investigates whether patients with exercise induced hypertension (EIHt) is a result of an
exacerbated production of central ROS.
Completed Research Support
NHLBI (P. B. Raven, PI)-R-21 HL106431—01A1 07/15/11-09/30/13 plus ongoing NC
extension
Title-“The role of reactive oxygen species in intermittent hypoxia induced sympathoexcitation”
The project proposes to study whether the intermittent hypoxia associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
resulting in chronic sympathoexcitation can be blocked with the adjunctive use of free radical scavengers, such
as, N-Acetyl Cysteine or Vitamin C.
NHLBI (D. Keller, PI)-HL096103-01 04/01/09-03/31/12
Role on Project (Consultant)
Title-“Arterial Baroreflex function in African Americans at Rest and During Exercise”
This project proposes to study the effect of chronic physical activity on the cerebral hemodynamic regulation.
NHLBI (P. B. Raven, PI)-HL45547 07/01/96-06/30/07
Arterial Baroreflex Control of Blood Pressure (Exercise)
During the 12 years of funding this project identified the physiological mechanisms involved in arterial
baroreflex resetting during dynamic exercise and resulted in 73 peer reviewed publications, 4 book chapters
and the graduation of 7 Ph. D.s and 1 D.O./Ph.D.
Sponsor’s/Co-Sponsor’s Previous Fellows/Trainees
In the 37 years of Dr Raven’s tenure at UNTHSC he has mentored 18 MS degree graduates, 18 PhD
graduates, 2 of whom were dual degree DO/PhD graduates, and 9 post-doctoral fellows. One of the Post-
Doctoral Fellows, Shigehiko Ogoh worked with Dr Raven for 10 years and achieved Associate Research
Professor at UNTHSC before being enticed back to Japan to accept a Professorship at Toya University in
Tokyo.