This document describes a home surveillance system that uses a Raspberry Pi connected to an ultrasonic sensor to detect intruders. The system is designed to monitor a home or shop for security purposes. When the ultrasonic sensor detects an intruder based on distance readings, it sends an alert message and photo to the owner. The system aims to automatically detect intruders, unlike CCTV which requires constant video review. It uses low-cost hardware and provides real-time alerts to help prevent crime.

1. 225 Srishti Gayathri, Rathod Ashok Kumar, Ashish Bhushan Singh, V.Sharath Chandra, Ms. B. Saritha
International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System
IJEECS
ISSN 2348-117X
Volume 7, Issue 3
March 2018
Surveillance Technology and Crime Detection using Raspberry
PI.
Srishti Gayathri, Rathod Ashok Kumar, Ashish Bhushan Singh, V.Sharath Chandra (Students)
Ms. B. Saritha , Associate Professor
St. Martin's Engineering College, Sy. No.98, Dhulapally Road,
Dhulapally, Near Kompally, Hyderabad, Telangana
ABSTRACT
The Internet of things (IoT) is the between systems administration of physical gadgets, vehicles (likewise alluded to as
"associated gadgets" and "shrewd gadgets"), structures, and different things—installed with hardware, programming,
sensors, actuators, and system availability that empower these items to gather and trade information. The IoT alludes to
the association of gadgets (other than commonplace toll, for example, PCs and cell phones) to the Internet. Autos,
kitchen apparatuses, and even heart screens would all be able to be associated through the IoT. Also, as the Internet of
Things develops in the following couple of years, more gadgets will join that rundown. Raspberry pi, a Visa measured
PC is utilized to screen the entire framework. Raspberry pi microchip is interfaced to a ultrasonic sensor, which peruses
the separation of items in its sight run. The separation is set to a specific esteem with the end goal that at whatever point
interloper passes, the separation estimated would diminish than that farthest point. At the point when this happens, pi
would send a ready warning to the proprietor through a SMS and a photo is caught and sent to the proprietor giving
him/her power to activities, promptly.
The present framework uses each and each camera introduced at the passages of the house or shop or any, helping
the client or proprietor to have a reasonable perspective of gatecrasher whose goal to take things out of your home. This
framework beats the every minute of every day review of CCTV film which does not help the programmed recognition
into it. Thus, utilizing a basic ultrasonic sensor interfaced to Raspberry Pi causes it to be done effortlessly.
KEYWORDS
Motion Detection , Surveillance systems , Crime detection , Raspberry pi , Ultrasonic sensor, Image Capture , CCTV
I. INTRODUCTION
Advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are setting off a change of the conditions
where we live into shrewd substances universally known as Smart Spaces (Smart Homes, Smart Buildings,
Smart Cities, and so on.) They catch data utilizing expansive sensors systems appropriated all through its area
(a house, a building, an entire city, and so on.) and utilize it to keenly adjust their conduct to the necessities of
the clients.
Reconnaissance is a watch kept over a man, gathering, and so forth., particularly finished a suspect, detainee,
or something like that. Wherein, Security is the level of protection from, or assurance from, hurt. It applies to
any helpless and additionally significant resource, for example, a man, abiding, group, thing, country, or
association. As verified by the Institute for Security and Open Methodologies (ISECOM) in the OSSTMM 3,
security gives "a type of assurance where a division is made between the benefits and the risk." These
detachments are blandly called "controls," and here and there incorporate changes.
Presently, Home security includes the security equipment set up on a property, and individual security hones.
The equipment would be the entryways, locks, caution frameworks, lighting, movement locators, surveillance
camera frameworks, and so on that are introduced on a property. Individual security practices would guarantee
entryways are bolted, alerts enacted, windows shut, additional keys not covered up outside and numerous
other routine assignments which act to keep a theft. As indicated by a FBI report, 58.3 percent of robberies

2. 226 Srishti Gayathri, Rathod Ashok Kumar, Ashish Bhushan Singh, V.Sharath Chandra, Ms. B. Saritha
International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System
IJEECS
ISSN 2348-117X
Volume 7, Issue 3
March 2018
included persuasive section. A common theft goes on for around 8 to 12 minutes and, by and large, a criminal
will break into a home inside 60 seconds.
Home security can be reinforced by including a first line of barrier like a prickly bush or hedge to give the
robber trouble. A movement enacted splendid light can assume a mental part in dissuading a criminal,
likewise going about as a moment line of barrier alongside open air surveillance cameras. So as to ensure the
passage focuses, we need window and entryway sensors. Once a criminal moves beyond the second line of
resistance, movement identifiers kick in. A movement locator can raise a caution or send a security film to the
property holder if it's connected to a camera framework. Putting away resources like travel papers, gems,
critical records, and so on might likewise be viewed as a home security insurance. Regular security strategies
incorporate failing to hide additional keys outside, failing to turn off every one of the lights, applying little
CCTV stickers on entryways, and keeping great tabs with neighbours.
Moreover, current society is encountering an expanding enthusiasm for wellbeing and security, bringing about
numerous encounters identified with wide region arrangement of video observation frameworks. At the point
when coordinated inside Smart Spaces, these video sensor systems present to the astute framework the
capacity to watch nature, and when joined with their insight, to distinguish and recognize distinctive
anomalous circumstances that may emerge inside the Smart area. As of now there is an extensive variety of
video reconnaissance frameworks that are utilized as a part of various fields, for example, interruption
discovery or activity observation. Be that as it may, self-governing recognition of alarms and irregular
circumstances is still at a crude stage.
The writing reports a few frameworks hardcoded for their activity in predefined and exceedingly contolled
areas, for example, performing measurable handling of pictures so as to perceive and track distinctive items,
going for factual conduct discovery and part task to objects. Porting them to genuine conditions is
troublesome in light of the fact that their low adaptability: the framework must be totally upgraded and
adjusted for every area
Be that as it may, the majority of the past cases include a high computational load, in light of the fact that the
calculations work specifically finished the pictures. This implies either all cameras need to incorporate
superior processors or the video flag must be totally sent to the control focus where the savvy calculations are
run. For arrangements of thick observation systems (which is ordinarily the instance of Smart Environments),
this is exceptionally wasteful, since cameras must be extremely costly or a gigantic transfer speed is required.
This work goes for giving an answer for this issue by outlining and building up a computerized video
reconnaissance framework appropriate for thick arrangements in Smart Spaces, fit for working with little and
modest cameras, little data transfer capacity and advancing preparing power.
II. APPROACH
The approach took after by the framework proposed in this work depends on a three phase preparing plan: to
start with, recognizing objects in movement at the cameras to abstain from sending substantial video
information, while in the meantime keeping the handling power required by the cameras low staying away
from the utilization of complex, asset escalated, question distinguishing proof calculations; second,
consequently working at the control focus a course model of the moving articles in the watched scenes
utilizing the development parameters recognized by the cameras; and third, performing semantic thinking over
the course display and the development parameters to recognize cautions at the applied level, that is, not just
recognizing that a surprising occasion is going on, however recognizing the idea of that occasion (a fender
bender, a fire, an interruption, and so forth.). The work introduced along this paper has been done inside the
European task CELTIC HuSIMS (Human Situation Monitoring System).
Specifically, we detail the sensor classes (their outline for the new ones), their correspondence instrument's
and related programming administrations as parts of a general IoT foundation. The point is to screen either
home or shop and their transient connection with a specific end goal to avoid burglary. In our IoT approach,
every single gathered datum will be transmitted, through web correspondence framework, to programming

3. 227 Srishti Gayathri, Rathod Ashok Kumar, Ashish Bhushan Singh, V.Sharath Chandra, Ms. B. Saritha
International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System
IJEECS
ISSN 2348-117X
Volume 7, Issue 3
March 2018
parts intended to distinguish the gatecrasher through a straightforward sensor and to caution the proprietor
about the danger of robbery. The figured dangers will be inspected by the proprietor and further activity is
said to be taken.
BASIC PROCESS
III. ULTRA SONIC SENSOR MODES
Particulars Based:
A Ultrasonic sensor is a gadget that can quantify the separation to a question by utilizing sound waves. It
apportions separate by sending a sound wave at a particular recurrence and tuning in for that sound wave to
skip back. By recording the slipped by time between the sound wave being created and the sound wave
bobbing back, it is conceivable to figure the separation between the sonar sensor and the protest.
Since it is realized that sound goes through air at around 344 m/s (1129 ft/s), you can set aside the ideal
opportunity for the sound wave to return and increase it by 344 meters (or 1129 feet) to locate the aggregate
round-trip separation of the sound wave. Round-trip implies that the sound wave voyaged 2 times the
separation to the question before it was identified by the sensor; it incorporates the 'outing' from the sonar
sensor to the protest AND the 'excursion' from the protest the Ultrasonic sensor (after the sound wave
ricocheted off the protest). To discover the separation to the protest, just partition the round-trip remove into
equal parts.
Ultrasonic sensors "depend on the estimation of the properties of acoustic waves with frequencies over the
human capable of being heard range," regularly at about 40 kHz 1). They commonly work by producing a
high-recurrence beat of sound, and afterward accepting and assessing the properties of the reverberate beat.
Message mode:
In settled 1/2/4/8 message mode (C2.0), client can separate the memory averagely for 1, 2, 4 or 8 message(s).
The message mode will be connected after chip reset by the MSEL0 and MSEL1 stick. If you don't mind take
note of the message ought to be recorded and played in same message mode, we CAN NOT ensure the
message is finished after message mode changed. For instance, client recorded 8 messages in the 8-message

4. 228 Srishti Gayathri, Rathod Ashok Kumar, Ashish Bhushan Singh, V.Sharath Chandra, Ms. B. Saritha
International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System
IJEECS
ISSN 2348-117X
Volume 7, Issue 3
March 2018
mode, those messages can be played in 8-message mode as it were. In the event that client changed to 1, 2 or 4
message mode, framework will dispose of those messages.
Record message:
During the/REC stick headed to VIL, contribute the record mode. At the point when the message stick (M0,
M1, M2 … M7) headed to VIL in record mode, the chip will playback "beep" tone and message record
beginning. The message record will proceed until the point that message stick discharged or loaded with this
message, and the chip will playback "beep" tone 2 times to demonstrate the message record wrapped up. On
the off chance that the message as of now exist and client record once more, the old one's message will be
supplanted. The accompanying fig. demonstrated a commonplace record circuit for 8-message mode. We
associated a slide-switch between/REC stick and VSS, and associated 8 propriety switches between M0 ~ M7
stick and VSS. At the point when the slide-switch settled in VSS side and any civility switch will be squeezed,
chip will begin message record and until the point when the client discharges the consideration switch.
Playback message:
During the/REC stick headed to VIH, contribute the playback mode. At the point when the message stick
(M0, M1, M2 … M7) drove from VIH to VIL in playback mode, the message playback beginning. The
message playback will proceed until the point that message stick drove from VIH to VIL again or end of this
message. The accompanying fig. demonstrated a run of the mill playback circuit for 8-message mode. We
associated a slide-switch between/REC and VSS, and associated 8 thoughtfulness switches between M0 ~ M7
and VSS. At the point when the slide-switch settled in coast side and any judgment switch will be squeezed,
chip will begin message playback and until the point when the client squeezed the propriety switch again or
end of message.
IV. MODULES INVOLVED
Sensing module:
The detecting module is utilized to start the entire procedure. This detecting module here will be the
Ultrasonic extending module HC - SR04 that gives 2cm - 400cm non-contact estimation work, the running
exactness can reach to 3mm . These can be set by the gatecrashers' tallness at the highest point of each and
every passage of houses, workplaces, and so forth., If an interloper has touched base at the entryway, at that
point the ultrasonic module triggers that individual's separation and gives the separation as a yield to raspberry
pi. On the off chance that the separation is lesser than the edge, the raspberry pi plays out the further activities
i.e., executes different modules. The modules incorporates ultrasonic transmitters, recipient and control
circuit. The essential rule of work:
(1) Using IO trigger for no less than 10us abnormal state flag,
(2) The Module naturally sends eight 40 kHz and identify whether there is a heartbeat motion back.
(3) If the flag back, through abnormal state , time of high yield IO term is the time from sending ultrasonic to
returning.
Test remove = (abnormal state time×velocity of sound (340M/S)/2
Wire interfacing immediate as following:
1. 5V Supply
2. Trigger Pulse Input
3. Echo Pulse Output
4. 0V Ground

5. 229 Srishti Gayathri, Rathod Ashok Kumar, Ashish Bhushan Singh, V.Sharath Chandra, Ms. B. Saritha
International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System
IJEECS
ISSN 2348-117X
Volume 7, Issue 3
March 2018
Timing chart The Timing outline is demonstrated as follows. You just need to supply a short 10uS heartbeat to
the trigger contribution to begin the going, and after that the module will convey a 8 cycle burst of ultrasound
at 40 kHz and raise its resound. The Echo is a separation question that is beat width and the range in extent
.You can ascertain the range through the time interim between sending trigger flag and accepting
reverberation flag. Recipe: uS/58 = centimeters or uS/148 =inch; or: the range = abnormal state time * speed
(340M/S)/2; we propose to use more than 60ms estimation cycle, so as to forestall trigger flag to the resound
flag.
Figure : Timing chart
USB Cam Module:
A USB cam is a camcorder that encourages or streams its picture continuously to or through a PC to a PC
organize. Whenever "caught" by the PC, the video stream might be spared, seen or sent on to different
systems by means of frameworks, for example, the web, and messaged as a connection. At the point when
sent to a remote area, the video stream might be spared, seen or on sent there. Not at all like an IP camera
(which interfaces utilizing Ethernet or Wi-Fi), a webcam is by and large associated by a USB link, or
comparative link, or incorporated with PC equipment, for example, PCs.
Here, USB camera is introduced ideal over each passageway of any platform(a house, office, a shop, etc.,). At
the point when Ultrasonic transducer peruses a varying separation than common, USB camera catches the
pictures of the interloper which thus is sent to the proprietor to take additionally activities.
SMS Module:
Once the gatecrasher is recognized, the proprietor should be implied with a notice on his cell phone. This
should be possible by advising the client a straightforward SMS to his versatile number. A straightforward
python code encourages us to advise the proprietor.
The SMS module manages advising the proprietor about the interloper nearness. In the code, we require to
give enlisted user(phone number) certifications of a record in way2sms. This encourages us to sign into the
way2sms account and enables the pi to send sms at whatever point a gatecrasher is identified to whichever
portable number given by the proprietor. This module requires web network which is given by raspberry pi
through LAN or Wifi.
Email Module:
The last module of the observation framework is sending an email to the proprietor about the nearness of the
guest. This module will help advising the individual once the guest is recognized. The Email to the predefined
mail id will be sent with a basic python code composed for the discovery of interloper. The Email will be sent
just in view of the yield acquired from the sensor. On the off chance that the yield remove is beneath the point
of confinement, at that point the Email will be sent utilizing Gmail administrations with a caught picture of the
gatecrasher.

6. 230 Srishti Gayathri, Rathod Ashok Kumar, Ashish Bhushan Singh, V.Sharath Chandra, Ms. B. Saritha
International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System
IJEECS
ISSN 2348-117X
Volume 7, Issue 3
March 2018
The Email is a substitute method for informing the proprietor about the guest, in light of the fact that the SMS
which is sent may not be conveyed to the proprietor's telephone because of system issues or Internet issues.
Henceforth Email is another most ideal method for advising. Consequently the code will be composed in the
capacity called "send_email" which will contain every one of the certifications, for example, the mail id from
which the message is to be sent, the secret word of that record and the mail id which ought to get the email
about the guest's essence. Before giving a mail id in the code, that mail id ought to be made, that is the mail id
ought to be enrolled with Gmail.
The picture with an instant message which ought to be sent to the proprietor through an Email ought to
likewise be indicated in the python code. It might be something like "Interloper Detected" with a picture
caught of the gatecrasher. Consequently along these lines the Owner is informed through two means about the
guest's quality.
V. CONCLUSIONS
Therefore we have outlined a brilliant observation framework fit for catching picture and transmitting to a cell
phone. It is beneficial as it offers dependability and protection on the two sides. Fundamental move can be
made in limited capacity to focus time on account of crisis conditions, for example, elderly individual falling
debilitated, military regions, brilliant homes, workplaces, businesses and so on.,
Once in a while, our choice to introduce video reconnaissance may frequently take after a disagreeable
occurrence. In the event that apparatus, assets are continually vanishing from your store, or any savagery has
influenced you to feel dangerous, you will need some expanded security. You presumably feel your house is
well protected prepared for break-ins and interlopers.
You keep your entryways and windows bolted and mull over who you've given an extra key or the code to
your carport way to however "That is sufficiently not". Observation framework will give you this true
serenity. A Surveillance framework that is suited to your correct needs will give ideal security and this won't
just enable you to examine wrongdoings, yet in addition to viably avert potential lawbreakers. In case of a
crisis, the framework will likewise help you to keep up an outline and call for help rapidly
VI. REFERENCES
[1] CCTV cameras: If they do not stop crime or catch criminals, what are they for?, Telegraph, Aug. 24, 2009.
[2] Steve Chapman, Do cameras stop crime?, Chi. Trib, Sept. 20, 2011; Do security cameras deter crime?, Homeland
Sec. News, Feb. 22, 2011.
[3] Charlie Savage, US doles out millions for street cameras, Bos. Globe, Aug. 12, 2007.
[4] For example, some opponents of cameras argue cameras don’t eliminate but merely displace crime. See generally
Sam Waples, e.al., Does CCTV Displace Crime?, 9 Criminology & Crim. Just. 207 (2009), abstract.
[5] Nick Taylor, Closed Circuit Television: The British Experience, 1999 Stan. Tech. L. Rev. 11, 1 (1999).
[6] B. Welsh & D. Farrington, “Crime Prevention Effects of Closed Circuit Television: A Systemic Review”, Home
Office Research, Development and Statistics Directorate (2002); see Noam Biale, “Expert Findings on Surveillence
Cameras: What Criminologists and Others Studying Surveillence Cameras Have Found”, ACLU at 3 (White Paper
based on major studies 2000-2008), available here.
[7] David Weisburd et. al., Effects of Closed-Circuit Television on Crime, 587 Annals Am. Acad. Pol. & Soc. Sci. 110,
133 (2003).