Scrubbers are air pollution control devices that use liquids to remove harmful pollutants from industrial exhaust gases before they are released into the atmosphere. They are commonly used in power plants, chemical manufacturing facilities, and metal processing plants to reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds. There are different types of scrubbers that use spray towers, venturis, cyclones, packed columns, or mechanical means to maximize contact between the exhaust gas and liquid to absorb pollutants. Key pollutants that can be removed include sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds.

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3. Control of air pollution by scrubbers
Scrubbers are air pollution control devices used to remove harmful pollutants from
industrial exhaust gases before they are released into the atmosphere. They are
commonly used in various industries, including power plants, chemical
manufacturing, and metal processing, to reduce the emission of pollutants such as
sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx), particulate matter (PM), and volatile
organic compounds (VOCs).

4. What are Scrubbers?
Scrubbers are used as depuration systems that specifically eliminate the emissions of acid
gases (SO2) produced in the combustion of pollutants. Wet scrubbers receive their name
from the fact that liquids are used as a scrubbing medium and the by-products of the
scrubbing system are liquid solution or slurry. Wet scrubbers can serve two simultaneous
functions: particulate collection and acid gas control. Gas emissions are absorbed in
devices columns that attempt to maximize liquid-to-gas contact to achieve maximum
absorption of the pollutants into the liquid phase.

5. Types of scrubber
• Spray towers
• Venturi scrubbers
• Cyclone scrubbers
• Packed scrubbers
• Mechanical scrubbers

6. Spray towers

7. Venturi scrubbers

8. Venturi scrubbers

9. Cyclone scrubbers

10. Packed scrubbers

11. Mechanicalscrubbers

12. Key Pollutants Removal
 SO2 Removal: Wet scrubbers are particularly effective in removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) by using an
alkaline solution (e.g., limestone slurry) to react with and form calcium sulfate or calcium sulfite, which
can be disposed of safely.
 NOx Removal: Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) are
often used for nitrogen oxides (NOx) control, rather than scrubbers. However, some wet scrubbers can
also remove a portion of NOx through chemical reactions.
 Particulate Matter Removal: Both wet and dry scrubbers can capture particulate matter effectively by
physically trapping it in the liquid or on the solid sorbents.
 VOC Removal: Wet scrubbers can also capture volatile organic compounds (VOCs) by absorbing them
into the liquid.