1) Volunteers are representing the university and should be friendly, helpful, and welcoming to international students.
2) Volunteers should not offer advice on immigration, employment, or academics, and should refer students to ISSS staff for such questions.
3) Volunteers should be knowledgeable about the orientation schedule and encourage students to attend sessions.
This document provides an overview and table of contents for "Macworld's iPhone Superguide, Second Edition". The guide contains information on getting started with the iPhone, staying in touch, enjoying multimedia, maximizing productivity, troubleshooting tips, third-party apps, and popular iPhone accessories. It provides beginners with the basics as well as advanced users with tricks and tips to uncover more of the iPhone's hidden potential.
The document provides tips for networking effectively and maximizing opportunities from interactions with potential clients and contacts. It advises tailoring communications to emphasize how one's services can benefit others, offering initial consultations for free to determine fit, keeping referral sources on hand, following up consistently with new contacts, and expressing appreciation and gratitude to build relationships.
1) The document discusses several experiments aimed at synthesizing dicyclopentadienone using ferroceneboronic acid and different catalysts.
2) The catalysts tested include KOH, Au, Au sponge, and Au nano, with K2CO3 as the base.
3) None of the experiments resulted in the successful synthesis of dicyclopentadienone, as indicated by NMR spectroscopy. The results and catalyst systems are discussed.
Purua school children's waipoua and moirai gallery inspiredlesleymccardle
The students at Purua School visited the Waipoua and Moirai Galleries for inspiration and created artwork based on what they saw. They painted and drew landscapes featuring kauri trees, waterfalls, forests at night, nesting birds, kiwis and sunflowers. The students studied the shapes and forms of different plants and trees. Their completed artworks were displayed, and the document thanks Diane and Seabourne for their hospitality and for providing encouragement and expertise to the students.
The document discusses three types of employees: engaged employees who love their job and perform exceptionally well; compliant employees who do the minimum required but have passion outside of work; and subversive employees who actively undermine the work of others. While engaged employees make up 20% of the workforce globally and compliant employees make up 60%, more companies are seeing an increase in subversive employees. To address this, the document recommends praising employees with genuine and immediate feedback, empowering them by trusting them and letting them lead, and inspiring them by creating a greater purpose and illustrating their future. Taking these steps can turn more compliant employees into engaged employees and encourage subversive employees to leave.
Definition of Matter Lab + Phase Change Day 2 ajmori1
The document provides instructions for science lab assignments on the topics of matter and phases of change. Students are asked to:
1) Complete lab assignments on the definition of matter and a matter web quest by specific due dates.
2) Answer questions on the back of their "Phases of Matter" notes about phase changes and how matter can pass through physical changes.
3) Perform an experiment with small ziplock bags containing different states of matter to observe their properties.
4) Color code their periodic table according to the states of matter of elements and answer questions about physical properties.
5) Finish the lab work in class and turn in a corrected test by the next class period.
1) Volunteers are representing the university and should be friendly, helpful, and welcoming to international students.
2) Volunteers should not offer advice on immigration, employment, or academics, and should refer students to ISSS staff for such questions.
3) Volunteers should be knowledgeable about the orientation schedule and encourage students to attend sessions.
This document provides an overview and table of contents for "Macworld's iPhone Superguide, Second Edition". The guide contains information on getting started with the iPhone, staying in touch, enjoying multimedia, maximizing productivity, troubleshooting tips, third-party apps, and popular iPhone accessories. It provides beginners with the basics as well as advanced users with tricks and tips to uncover more of the iPhone's hidden potential.
The document provides tips for networking effectively and maximizing opportunities from interactions with potential clients and contacts. It advises tailoring communications to emphasize how one's services can benefit others, offering initial consultations for free to determine fit, keeping referral sources on hand, following up consistently with new contacts, and expressing appreciation and gratitude to build relationships.
1) The document discusses several experiments aimed at synthesizing dicyclopentadienone using ferroceneboronic acid and different catalysts.
2) The catalysts tested include KOH, Au, Au sponge, and Au nano, with K2CO3 as the base.
3) None of the experiments resulted in the successful synthesis of dicyclopentadienone, as indicated by NMR spectroscopy. The results and catalyst systems are discussed.
Purua school children's waipoua and moirai gallery inspiredlesleymccardle
The students at Purua School visited the Waipoua and Moirai Galleries for inspiration and created artwork based on what they saw. They painted and drew landscapes featuring kauri trees, waterfalls, forests at night, nesting birds, kiwis and sunflowers. The students studied the shapes and forms of different plants and trees. Their completed artworks were displayed, and the document thanks Diane and Seabourne for their hospitality and for providing encouragement and expertise to the students.
The document discusses three types of employees: engaged employees who love their job and perform exceptionally well; compliant employees who do the minimum required but have passion outside of work; and subversive employees who actively undermine the work of others. While engaged employees make up 20% of the workforce globally and compliant employees make up 60%, more companies are seeing an increase in subversive employees. To address this, the document recommends praising employees with genuine and immediate feedback, empowering them by trusting them and letting them lead, and inspiring them by creating a greater purpose and illustrating their future. Taking these steps can turn more compliant employees into engaged employees and encourage subversive employees to leave.
Definition of Matter Lab + Phase Change Day 2 ajmori1
The document provides instructions for science lab assignments on the topics of matter and phases of change. Students are asked to:
1) Complete lab assignments on the definition of matter and a matter web quest by specific due dates.
2) Answer questions on the back of their "Phases of Matter" notes about phase changes and how matter can pass through physical changes.
3) Perform an experiment with small ziplock bags containing different states of matter to observe their properties.
4) Color code their periodic table according to the states of matter of elements and answer questions about physical properties.
5) Finish the lab work in class and turn in a corrected test by the next class period.
The document summarizes a presentation given by Michael P. McNeil at the 2011 ACHA Annual Meeting on using data to inform violence prevention and response programs on college campuses. The presentation outlined collecting and analyzing campus violence data to identify priorities, develop strategies on a limited budget, and make data-driven decisions. It emphasized using data sources like clinical records, surveys, and community data to assess issues like alcohol use, sexual assault prevention, and mental health in order to effectively prevent and address campus violence.
The document discusses several theories about the nature and purpose of art, including art as imitation, communication, and education. It provides examples of artworks that illustrate these different theories, such as paintings that imitate reality or provoke viewers to see things differently. The document also discusses how art can reveal aspects of reality, amplify human experiences, and have a moral and educative role by provoking emotions that influence behavior.
The document provides details about the production of a media trailer for a soap opera. It describes how conventions of the soap opera genre were used, such as close-ups to convey emotion, fast-paced editing to mirror the characters' lives, and title cards to intrigue viewers. Specific locations were chosen to suit storylines, including a chapel for a rushed wedding, a pub for plotting drama, and an alley for risky behavior. Costumes and props like a pregnancy test were selected to characterize figures and advance the narrative.
This document discusses a game-based marketing agency that creates social games as an efficient communication medium for clients to connect with visitors, clients, and consumers in a fun, dynamic way. The games are meant to deliver a positive, targeted message tailored to each client's communication strategy, rather than being violent console-style games where the goal is to kill others.
The document discusses the song "Hearing Damage" by Thom Yorke and its use in the Twilight movie trailer. It analyzes how the song fits the scene and themes of hearing things unwillingly and being scared. It also provides examples of how music can be edited to match the rhythm of a trailer. Additional sections discuss choices made in filming a mock soap opera trailer, including locations, costumes, and camera angles used to convey character status and themes around teenage pregnancy and drug use.
Twitter es una plataforma de redes sociales donde los usuarios comparten y leen mensajes cortos conocidos como tweets. Los tweets son publicaciones de texto que no pueden exceder los 280 caracteres. Millones de personas usan Twitter a diario para mantenerse actualizados sobre noticias, eventos y conversaciones en tiempo real.
- YouTube was created in 2005 and was co-founded by 3 people including Steve Chen who was from Taiwan.
- Before starting YouTube, the founders worked at PayPal. The first video uploaded on YouTube showed a zoo parade.
- YouTube gets over 3 billion video views per day and plays tricks on viewers annually on April Fool's Day.
The document provides an overview and analysis of a trailer for the reboot of the television series Dallas. It summarizes key scenes and dialogue to give viewers a sense of the main characters and conflicts. Bobby expresses concern that his son Chris and nephew John Ross will be embroiled in the same family feuds over the Ewing oil business as he and his brother JR were. John Ross embraces his father JR's ruthless ambitions, while Chris wants to focus on their ranch. The trailer teases renewed rivalry and complications involving the next generation of Ewings.
The document provides information on business-to-business (B2B) marketing and industrial customers. It discusses that B2B marketing involves marketing products, services, and solutions to organizations for use in production or to facilitate their operations. Industrial customers include commercial enterprises, government bodies, institutions, and non-profit organizations. The document then describes characteristics of B2B markets, classifications of industrial products and customers, and strategies for marketing to different types of industrial customers like commercial enterprises and government entities.
A Layout Manager is an object associated with a container that governs the placement and size of components within that container. The main Layout Managers in Java are FlowLayout, BorderLayout, GridLayout, and CardLayout. Layout Managers ensure components are arranged properly when a user resizes a window by defining minimum, preferred, and maximum sizes for components. Developers use Layout Managers by setting the layout, specifying component sizes, and calling pack() and setVisible().
Ima Bimbeaux found her employer Simon P. Ano dead in his bedroom after hearing alarms sound. She called 911 and turned off his medical equipment. Ano had been paralyzed for 7 years since a car accident. Ima suspects an affair between Ano's wife, who goes by her maiden name of Digger, and his business partner Mr. Vios. Ano seemed depressed until recently but the cause of his change in mood is unknown. The police will investigate further to determine the cause of Ano's death.
The document discusses the top five scientific advances of the 20th century as presented in a time capsule. #1 is the atomic bomb, developed during World War 2 to end the war. #2 is the discovery of DNA structure in 1953, which revealed how genetics works. #3 is radio, which allowed widespread communication and entertainment. #4 is airplanes, which revolutionized transportation. #5 is computers, which gradually became faster and more capable throughout the century. The order was chosen based on the impacts of the advances.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tiga rukun penyampaian publik speaking (PS) yang efektif, yaitu:
1. Kontak, yakni komunikasi tatap muka dua arah antara pembicara dan audiens
2. Olah vokal, meliputi kejelasan, keragaman, dan ritme suara
3. Olah visual, yang terdiri atas gerak tubuh dan penggunaan alat bantu visual
The document summarizes a presentation given by Michael P. McNeil at the 2011 ACHA Annual Meeting on using data to inform violence prevention and response programs on college campuses. The presentation outlined collecting and analyzing campus violence data to identify priorities, develop strategies on a limited budget, and make data-driven decisions. It emphasized using data sources like clinical records, surveys, and community data to assess issues like alcohol use, sexual assault prevention, and mental health in order to effectively prevent and address campus violence.
The document discusses several theories about the nature and purpose of art, including art as imitation, communication, and education. It provides examples of artworks that illustrate these different theories, such as paintings that imitate reality or provoke viewers to see things differently. The document also discusses how art can reveal aspects of reality, amplify human experiences, and have a moral and educative role by provoking emotions that influence behavior.
The document provides details about the production of a media trailer for a soap opera. It describes how conventions of the soap opera genre were used, such as close-ups to convey emotion, fast-paced editing to mirror the characters' lives, and title cards to intrigue viewers. Specific locations were chosen to suit storylines, including a chapel for a rushed wedding, a pub for plotting drama, and an alley for risky behavior. Costumes and props like a pregnancy test were selected to characterize figures and advance the narrative.
This document discusses a game-based marketing agency that creates social games as an efficient communication medium for clients to connect with visitors, clients, and consumers in a fun, dynamic way. The games are meant to deliver a positive, targeted message tailored to each client's communication strategy, rather than being violent console-style games where the goal is to kill others.
The document discusses the song "Hearing Damage" by Thom Yorke and its use in the Twilight movie trailer. It analyzes how the song fits the scene and themes of hearing things unwillingly and being scared. It also provides examples of how music can be edited to match the rhythm of a trailer. Additional sections discuss choices made in filming a mock soap opera trailer, including locations, costumes, and camera angles used to convey character status and themes around teenage pregnancy and drug use.
Twitter es una plataforma de redes sociales donde los usuarios comparten y leen mensajes cortos conocidos como tweets. Los tweets son publicaciones de texto que no pueden exceder los 280 caracteres. Millones de personas usan Twitter a diario para mantenerse actualizados sobre noticias, eventos y conversaciones en tiempo real.
- YouTube was created in 2005 and was co-founded by 3 people including Steve Chen who was from Taiwan.
- Before starting YouTube, the founders worked at PayPal. The first video uploaded on YouTube showed a zoo parade.
- YouTube gets over 3 billion video views per day and plays tricks on viewers annually on April Fool's Day.
The document provides an overview and analysis of a trailer for the reboot of the television series Dallas. It summarizes key scenes and dialogue to give viewers a sense of the main characters and conflicts. Bobby expresses concern that his son Chris and nephew John Ross will be embroiled in the same family feuds over the Ewing oil business as he and his brother JR were. John Ross embraces his father JR's ruthless ambitions, while Chris wants to focus on their ranch. The trailer teases renewed rivalry and complications involving the next generation of Ewings.
The document provides information on business-to-business (B2B) marketing and industrial customers. It discusses that B2B marketing involves marketing products, services, and solutions to organizations for use in production or to facilitate their operations. Industrial customers include commercial enterprises, government bodies, institutions, and non-profit organizations. The document then describes characteristics of B2B markets, classifications of industrial products and customers, and strategies for marketing to different types of industrial customers like commercial enterprises and government entities.
A Layout Manager is an object associated with a container that governs the placement and size of components within that container. The main Layout Managers in Java are FlowLayout, BorderLayout, GridLayout, and CardLayout. Layout Managers ensure components are arranged properly when a user resizes a window by defining minimum, preferred, and maximum sizes for components. Developers use Layout Managers by setting the layout, specifying component sizes, and calling pack() and setVisible().
Ima Bimbeaux found her employer Simon P. Ano dead in his bedroom after hearing alarms sound. She called 911 and turned off his medical equipment. Ano had been paralyzed for 7 years since a car accident. Ima suspects an affair between Ano's wife, who goes by her maiden name of Digger, and his business partner Mr. Vios. Ano seemed depressed until recently but the cause of his change in mood is unknown. The police will investigate further to determine the cause of Ano's death.
The document discusses the top five scientific advances of the 20th century as presented in a time capsule. #1 is the atomic bomb, developed during World War 2 to end the war. #2 is the discovery of DNA structure in 1953, which revealed how genetics works. #3 is radio, which allowed widespread communication and entertainment. #4 is airplanes, which revolutionized transportation. #5 is computers, which gradually became faster and more capable throughout the century. The order was chosen based on the impacts of the advances.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tiga rukun penyampaian publik speaking (PS) yang efektif, yaitu:
1. Kontak, yakni komunikasi tatap muka dua arah antara pembicara dan audiens
2. Olah vokal, meliputi kejelasan, keragaman, dan ritme suara
3. Olah visual, yang terdiri atas gerak tubuh dan penggunaan alat bantu visual
1. Bilim ve Teknik Alanı
Ramazan ayı –
HİLAL araştırması 2011
Ramazan Değerli
Mescid
2. Müslümanlar belirli periyotlar içerisinde oruç ibadetlerini yerine getirmelidirler. Oruç ibadetinin
zamanının tespiti ise Hilal’in gözükmesi ile belirlenir.
“Sana, hilalleri (doğuş halindeki ayları) sorarlar. De ki: "O, insanlar ve hacc için belirlenmiş
vakitlerdir. İyilik (birr), evlere arkalarından gelmeniz değildir, ama iyilik sakınan(ın tutumudur).
Evlere kapılarından girin. Allah'tan sakının, umulur ki kurtuluşa erersiniz (2/189).”
Bu çalışmanın amacı 2011 yılında Ramazan ayının başlangıcını ve bitişini tespit etmektir.
Gökyüzündeki bütün görebildiklerimiz güneşten aldığı ışığın yansıtması ile mümkündür.1 Bunun
içerisine ‘ay’ da girmektedir, çünkü “Ay kendi çevresinde de tam olarak aynı hızda döndüğünden ayın
hep aynı yüzü dünyaya bakmaktadır. Ay bu hareketi esnasında dünya da bir taraftan güneşin etrafında
döndüğü için, ay da dünya ile beraber güneşin etrafında dönmüş olur. Ayın kendisi ışık saçmadığı,
ancak güneşin ışıklarını yansıttığı içindir ki görülmesi ancak güneş ışınlarına bağlıdır. Bu nedenle
bizim gördüğümüz şekliyle "bir kameri ay", güneşten bakıldığında ayın dünya etrafında dönme
süresidir.”2
Ay’ın uzanımı sürekli değiştiğinden ay çeşitli zamanlarda değişik şekillerde görünebilir. Bu
şekillere „Ayın Safhaları‟ denir.
3
“Ay, Dünya'nın yörüngesinde bir turunu 27,7 günde tamamlar. Dünya, Ay ve Güneş geometrisinde
görülen periyodik değişimler sonucunda her 29,5 günde tekrar eden „Ay'ın evreleri oluşur.”4 Bu demek
oluyor ki kameri takvime göre bir ay 29,5 günden oluşmaktadır.
1 http://www.mumsema.org/kuranda-bilimsel-konulardan-ornekler/98098-ay-safhalari.html
2 http://cepmuvakkit.com/alperen/makale.htm#Hicri
3
http://www.mondsichtung.de/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/5_kadiry_phasen.jpg
4 Wikipedia
1
3. Kameri aylar 12 tanedir:
1. Muharrem 30 gün
2. Safer 29 gün
3. Rebîyülevvel 30 gün
4. Rebiyülâhır 29 gün
5. Cemaziyelevvel 30 gün
6. Cemaziyelâhır 29 gün
7. Recep 30 gün
8. Şaban 29 gün
9. Ramazan 30 gün
10. Şevval 29 gün
11. Zilkaade 30 gün
12. Zilhicce 29 gün
“Bu aylardan 6 tanesi 30 gün olarak düzenlenmiştir.5 tanesi 29 gündür. Son ay olan Zilhicce ise 30
yıllık döngülerle 29 ve 30 gün olarak yaşanır. 355 günlük yıllar, 30 yıllık döngünün
2,5,7,10,13.15,18,21,24,26 ve 29. yıllarında yaşanır. Yani 19 adet 354 günlük ve 11 adet 355 günlük yıl
vardır.
Aylara baktığımızda Ramazan ayı 30 gündür. Fakat ayın 29 gün 13 saatlik kavuşum devresi-gerçek ay
içinde eksik kalan 9 saatlik zaman nedeni ile bazen 29 ve bazen 30 gün olarak oruç tutulur.”5
“Ayın dünya etrafındaki dönüş yönü ile dünyanın güneş etrafındaki dönüş yönü aynı olduğundan
kavuşum ayı, yıldız ayından daha uzundur. Aradaki fark da yine dünyanın güneş etrafında kat ettiği
açıyla doğru orantılıdır (Kavuşum Ayı = Yıldız Ayı / (1 - bir Yıldız Ayında kat edilen yörünge açısı /
360º). Ne var ki ay yörüngesi bir hayli eliptiktir; dünyaya olan merkezden merkeze mesafesi 356 ilâ
407 bin km. arasında değişir. Buna paralel olarak ayın yörünge hızı da farklılık gösterdiğinden, bir
kavuşum ayı 29,2 ilâ 29,8 gün sürebilir. İşte bu nedenle kameri aylar bazen 29 bazen de 30 gün
çekmektedir.”6
5 http://www.ilkvahiy.net/islami-sorular-ve-cevaplari/ramazan-ayi-neden-bazen-29-gun-cekiyor-23565/
6
http://cepmuvakkit.com/alperen/makale.htm#Hicri
2
4. RUYET‘İN GÖRÜLEBİLME KRİTERLERİ
Ay ve dünya aynı hizada bulunduğu vakitte ayın kavuşum (içtima) durumu gerçekleşir. Kavuşum
anında ay, dünyayla güneş arasına girdiğinden dolayı görülmesi imkânsızdır. Zira ayın kendisi ışık
yayan bir cisim değildir ve ancak güneşten gelen ışınları yansıtmaktadır. Kavuşum anında güneş, ay ve
dünya aynı hizada bulunduklarından dolayı ayın güneş ışığını dünyaya aktarması mümkün değildir.
İslamilik piyasasında Kameri ayın başlangıcı, yani hilalin görülmesi Rüyet diye tanımlanır. Rüyetin
oluşması için ayın kavuşum noktasından belli bir mesafe ayrılması ve böylece oluşan açı ile aydan
yansıyan güneş ışınlarının dünyaya düşmeye başlaması gereklidir.
2011 RAMAZAN AY’IN HİLAL TESPİTİ
Hilal’in gözükmesi (yani Rüyet) islamilik piyasasında çeşitli kriterlere göre belirleniyor.
Örneğin Türkiye’nin resmi kurumu Diyanet, Hilal’in belirlenmesi için 1978 yılında İslam
Konferansının gerçekleştirdiği yirmi ayrı ülke tarafından belirlenmiş olan anlaşmaya bağlı kalmaktadır.
Bu anlaşmaya göre “Ayın ilk hilal seklinde görülebileceği zaman, Güneş ile ay arasındaki açısal
uzaklığın en az 8°(derece ) olduğu zamandır.”7
IGMG ise “ İslam Konferansı‟nın bu kararı ve Avrupa Fetva Konseyi‟nin 1999 yılında Köln‟de yaptığı
toplantısında alınan kararlardan da hareketle, hilâl tespit usulünü şöyle belirlemiştir:
Ramazan ayının başlangıç ve bitişi, Rüyet-i Hilâl (Hilâl‟in görülmesi) ile tespit edilir. Rüyet, ya çıplak
gözle ya da, teleskop gibi optik olarak görülmeyi kolaylaştırıcı teknik aletlerle gerçekleşir.
Rüyet, ayın, güneşten sonra batması sonrasında olur.
Hilâlin, dünyanın her hangi bir yerinde görülebileceğinin ilmen de mümkün olması gerekir. Ancak
burada, mesafenin ne kadar olacağı önemlidir. İslam beldelerinde hilâlin görülebilmesi, rüyetin
gerçekleştiği anlamına gelir. Bununla birlikte, hilâlin İslam beldelerinin dışında da görülebilmesi
7
http://www.diyanet.gov.tr/turkish/namazvakti/vakithes_harita.asp
3
5. mümkündür. Bu beldelerin İslam beldeleri ile aynı boylamda olması halinde bir problem bulunmaz
iken, daha batı boylamlarında yer alması halinde, bu mesafenin, gün farklılığı oluşmayacak bir
mesafede olması gerekir.”8
Günümüzde İslam anlayışı birçok noktada tahrifata uğratılmıştır. Bunun sebebi ise islamilik piyasasının
getirdiği argümanlarının farklılıklarından ve tutarsızlıklarından kaynaklanmaktadır. Gruplar
birbirlerinin rengine uymamak için, bazı konularda benimsemiş oldukları usuli metotlarına ihanet
ederek, insanlara kolayca yalan söyleyebilmektedirler. Bunun en aktüel örneğini Diyanet Başkanlığı
göstermektedir. Hilalin gözükmesinde 8 dereceyi aslında ölçü almasına rağmen bu yıl 3 dereceyi kabul
ederek Diyanet Başkanlığı Ramazan ayının bu yıl 01.08.2011 tarihinde başlayacağını kabul etmişlerdir.
Bu verilerin güvenirliliği şüpheli olduğu için Mescid çalışma alanlarından biri olan “Bilim Ve Teknik
Alanı” astrolojik araştırmalarla Hilal’in gözükme anını yakalamaya çalışmaktadır. Bunun için öncelikle
Haziran, Temmuz ve Ağustos aylarının ay safhalarını incelemek gerekmektedir:
8
http://www.igmg.de/tr/haberler/yazi/2010/08/11/rueyet-i-hilal-uezerine-hilal-komisyonu-bu-aksam-biraraya-geliyor.html
4
6. Haziran 2011
Montag Dienstag Mittwoch Donnerstag Freitag Samstag Sonntag
MA 4:48
MA 5:33 MA 6:30 MA 7:36 MA 8:49
MU 21:36
MU 22:30 MU 23:15 MU 23:52 MU --:--
MA 12:44
MA 10:06 MA 11:25 MA 14:04 MA 15:26 MA 16:48 MA 18:11
MU 1:08
MU 0:22 MU 0:46 MU 1:28 MU 1:48 MU 2:10 MU 2:36
MA 21:44
MA 19:31 MA 20:43 MA 22:31 MA 23:07 MA 23:35 MA 23:57
MU 4:39
MU 3:07 MU 3:47 MU 5:41 MU 6:51 MU 8:05 MU 9:18
MA 0:33
MA --:-- MA 0:16 MA 0:49 MA 1:06 MA 1:24 MA 1:46
MU 12:46
MU 10:29 MU 11:39 MU 13:52 MU 14:59 MU 16:06 MU 17:13
MA 3:26
MA 2:11 MA 2:44 MA 4:18
MU 20:22
MU 18:20 MU 19:24 MU 21:11
MA: Mondaufgang (Ayın doğuşu), MU: Monduntergang (Ayın batışı)
5
7. Temmuz 2011 9
Montag Dienstag Mittwoch Donnerstag Freitag Samstag Sonntag
MA 5:22
MA 6:34 MA 7:52
MU 21:52
MU 22:24 MU 22:51
MA 9:12 MA 10:32 MA 11:53 MA 13:14 MA 14:35 MA 15:56 MA 17:16
MU 23:14 MU 23:35 MU 23:55 MU --:-- MU 0:16 MU 0:40 MU 1:09
MA 18:29 MA 19:33 MA 20:25 MA 21:05 MA 21:36 MA 22:01 MA 22:21
MU 1:45 MU 2:30 MU 3:27 MU 4:33 MU 5:45 MU 6:58 MU 8:11
MA 22:39 MA 22:55 MA 23:12 MA 23:30 MA 23:49 MA --:-- MA 0:13
MU 9:21 MU 10:30 MU 11:37 MU 12:44 MU 13:50 MU 14:57 MU 16:04
MA 0:42 MA 1:19 MA 2:06 MA 3:04 MA 4:13 MA 5:30 MA 6:51
MU 17:08 MU 18:08 MU 19:02 MU 19:47 MU 20:23 MU 20:53 MU 21:18
MA: Mondaufgang, MU: Monduntergang
9
http://www.calsky.com/cs.cgi
6
8. Ağustos 2011 10
Montag Dienstag Mittwoch Donnerstag Freitag Samstag Sonntag
MA 8:13 MA 9:36 MA 10:59 MA 12:22 MA 13:44 MA 15:04 MA 16:19
MU 21:40 MU 22:01 MU 22:23 MU 22:46 MU 23:13 MU 23:47 MU --:--
MA 17:26 MA 18:20 MA 19:04 MA 19:37 MA 20:04 MA 20:26 MA 20:45
MU 0:29 MU 1:21 MU 2:22 MU 3:31 MU 4:43 MU 5:55 MU 7:06
MA 21:02 MA 21:19 MA 21:36 MA 21:55 MA 22:17 MA 22:43 MA 23:16
MU 8:15 MU 9:23 MU 10:29 MU 11:36 MU 12:42 MU 13:48 MU 14:53
MA 23:58 MA --:-- MA 0:50 MA 1:53 MA 3:05 MA 4:23 MA 5:45
MU 15:54 MU 16:50 MU 17:38 MU 18:18 MU 18:50 MU 19:18 MU 19:42
MA 7:09 MA 8:34 MA 10:00
MU 20:04 MU 20:26 MU 20:50
MA: Mondaufgang, MU: Monduntergang
Haziran, Temmuz ve Ağustos ‘ay’ safhalarının bu görüntüleri Almanya Gevelsberg şehrinde yüksek
düzey teleskoplar ile Calsky sitesi tarafından Yallop11 Kriterlerine göre oluşturulmuştur.
10
http://www.calsky.com/cs.cgi
7
9. Bu görüntülerde 30.07.2011 tarihinde Ay’ın yeni bir doğuş gerçekleştirdiği görülmektedir.12
Aachen rasathanesinin vermiş olduğu bilgiye göre 31.07.2011 tarihinde yeni ayın çok az bir kısmı
gözükmektedir. Bu tarihte ay 0,6-1,6° orantısı ile Avustralya’nın Alice Springs şehrinde de
gözükecektir13.
01.08.2011 tarihinde ise ay 3,2° orantısı ile ilk Avustralya, Güney Afrika ve Güney Amerika’da
gözükecektedir.14
Bu bilgiler göz önünde bulundurulduğunda Hilalin 31.07.2011 tarihinde gözükeceği düşüncesine
kapılma ihtimali vardır. LAKİN bu görüş belirli bir şarta bağlıdır ve göz önünde bulundurulması
gereken şu hususlar mevcuttur:
Bu tarihte ayı görebilmek için özel aletlerin kullanılması şarttır! Ama zaten çok özel
teleskoplarda bulunan özel filtreler ile ayı her zaman/vakit görebilmek mümkündür (resim1).
Bu tarihte özel olan sadece ay orantısının belirlenebilmesidir.
Daha önce de ifade ettiğimiz gibi ayı insan (gözüyle veya teknik aletler ile) güneş ışıklarının
aya yansıdığı zaman görebiliriz. (resim2)
Bu sebeplerden dolayı Hilali tespit edebilmek için güneşin ve ayın ne zaman doğduğu ve battığı
göz önünde bulundurulması gerekmektedir.
Tarih15 31.07.2011 01.08.2011
Güneş 05.54.03 (doğuş) 21.22.08 (batış) 05.55.00 (doğuş) 21.21.02 (batış)
AY 06.51 (doğuş) 21.18 (batış) 08.13 (doğuş) 21.40 (batış)
Not Ay Güneşten 2.08dk. evvel Ay Güneşten 18.58dk sonra
batıyor batıyor
Bu tabloda görüldüğü gibi 31.07.2011 tarihinde ay güneşten 02.08 dakika daha önce batacaktır. Bu
ayın saat 21.18’dan itibaren gözükmeyeceği anlamına gelmektedir. Oysaki o tarihte güneş saat
21.22’de batmaktadır.
Elbette ki çok özel teknik aletler ile 31.07.2011 tarihinde ayı görmek mümkündür (resim 3). Nitekim
“Bilim ve Teknik Alanı” olarak bu metodu tasvip etmemekteyiz, çünkü bu şekilde şartlara bağlı olarak
görünen Hilal suni bir görüşten öteye gitmemektedir. Bu çeşit teknik aletler ile ay zaten her gün
gözükmektedir ve ayın başlaması ve bitmesi bir anlam ifade etmemektedir.16
01.08.2011 tarihinde ise ay güneşten 18.58 dakika sonra batmaktadır. Yani o tarihte güneş saat
21.21.02’de, ay ise saat 21.40’de batacaktır. Bu aradaki dakika farkından dolayı o gece Hilal 3.2
derecede gözükecektir (resim 4).
11
A Method for Predicting the First Sighting of the New Crescent Moon", NAO Technical Note No. 69, 1997
12
Volkshochschule Aachen, Jürgen Balk
13
Calsky, Arnold Barmettler
14
Volkshochschule Aachen, Jürgen Balk
15
www.calsky.de
16
Sternwarte Neanderhöhe Hochdahl e.V, Dr. Thomas Presper
8
10. Bilim ve Teknik Alanı 01.08.2011 tarihinde Hilal’in gözükeceğini değişik rasathanelerden elde ettiği
bilgilere dayanarak (resim 5) Ramazan ayının 02.08.2011 tarihinde başlaması gerektiği sonucuna
varmıştır.
Ramazan Bayramın tespiti:
Ramazan ayının bitişi başlangıcı gibi, hilalin gözükmesine bağlıdır.
Elde ettiğimiz bilgiler bize hilalin 30.08.2011 tarihinde 4,1% ve 31.08.2011 tarihinde 10,3%
gözükeceğini göstermektedir:
Tarih17 29.08.2011 30.08.2011 31.08.2011
Güneş 06.39.07 20.26.05 06.41.03 20.24.03 06.42.09 20.22.01
(doğuş) (batış) (doğuş) (batış) (doğuş) (batış)
AY 07.09 20.04 08.34 20.26 10.00 20.50
(doğuş) (batış) (doğuş) (batış) (doğuş) (batış)
Not Ay Güneşten Ay Güneşten Ay Güneşten 28dk.
22.05dk. önce batmaktadır 2.57dk. sonra sonra batıyor
batmaktadır
Calsky Sitesinin bilgilerine göre 29.08.2011 tarihinde saat 07.09de ay yeninden doğmaktadır.
Bu anlamda 30.08.2011 tarihinde ay 1,63744 gün ve 31.08.2011 tarihinde 2,63744 gün doldurmuştur.
29.08.2011 tarihinde ay batışı 20.04 saatinde gerçekleşecektir. Bu vakte kadar yeni aydan 15.299 saat
geçmiş olacaktır.
Lakin 29.08.2011 tarihinde ay güneşten 22dk. önce batması nedeniyle, o akşam hilalin gözükmesi
mümkün olmayacaktır.
Bilim ve Teknik Alanı 30.08.2011 tarihinde Hilal’in gözükeceğini değişik rasathanelerden elde ettiği
bilgiler ile tespit etmiş ve ‘Ramazan Bayramı’nın 31.08.2011 tarihinde başlaması gerektiği sonucuna
varmıştır.
17
www.calsky.de
9
13. ve:
http://www.planet-schule.de/warum/mondformen/flash/mond-versuch.html
http://www.br-online.de/wissen-bildung/spacenight/sterngucker/mond/synodischer-umlauf.html
Resim 3:
(31.07)
Zeit: 2011 Juli 31 Sonntag, 21h 18m 10s
JD: 2455774.3042824 TDT: 2455774.3050518 deltaT: 66.48 sek
Scheinbare Sternzeit: Lokal: 16h 23m 46.294s Greenwich: 15h 54m 26.302s
(Alle Zeiten in MESZ, UTC+02:00, topozentrische Daten für Gevelsberg, Germany)
Mondalter: 24.639 Stunden, Lunation 1096 begann bei letztem Neumond am 30. Jul. 2011, 20:39:48 MESZ
Physikalische Koordinaten:
Mondphase: 1.03 Tage nach Neumond Mondalter: 1.02665 Tage
Lunation: 1096
Durchmesser: + 0° 32' 26.66" Topozentrischer Durchmesser: + 0° 32' 26.04"
Visuelle Helligkeit: -3.1 mag, Beleuchtungsstärke: 0.00000101 lux (kleiner als Airglow/Sternenlicht)
Libration (topozentr., total): 6.69°, Positionswinkel der Kippung zur Erde: 328.9°
dies ist eine mittlere Libration; Sinus Roris, Sinus Iridum zeigen zu uns
Beobachter: Selenograph. Breite: +5.73°, Länge: -3.45° (topozentrisch; Koordinaten der Mitte der
Mondscheibe)
12
14. Sonne: Selenografische Breite: -1.09°, Länge: 162.89°, Kolongitude: 287.11°
Phase, rel. beleuchtete Fläche: 1.6%, Phasenwinkel: 165.6° (topozentrisch)
Positionswinkel der beleuchteten Fläche: 309.84° (topozentrisch, von Norden über Osten)
272.19° (topozentrisch, vom Zenit über Osten)
Beleuchtete Fläche liegt direkt rechts, wenn der Mond sichtbar wäre
Positionswinkel der Achse: 17.78° (topozentrisch, von Norden über Osten)
340.13° (topozentrisch, vom Zenit über Osten, parallaktischer Winkel)
Resim 4:
Mond
Zeit:
2011 August 1 Montag, 21h 18m 10s
JD: 2455775.3042824 TDT: 2455775.3050518 deltaT: 66.48 sek
Scheinbare Sternzeit: Lokal: 16h 27m 42.846s Greenwich: 15h 58m 22.854s
(Alle Zeiten in MESZ, UTC+02:00, topozentrische Daten für Gevelsberg, Germany)
Mondalter: 2.02665 Tage, Lunation 1096 begann bei letztem Neumond am 30. Jul. 2011, 20:39:48 MESZ
Physikalische Koordinaten:
Mondphase: 2.03 Tage nach Neumond Mondalter: 2.02665 Tage
Lunation: 1096
Durchmesser: + 0° 32' 36.64" Topozentrischer Durchmesser: + 0° 32' 38.03"
Visuelle Helligkeit: -6.0 mag, Beleuchtungsstärke: 0.0000177 lux (kleiner als Airglow/Sternenlicht)
Libration (topozentr., total): 6.78°, Positionswinkel der Kippung zur Erde: 341.7°
dies ist eine mittlere Libration; Mare Frigoris, Krater Plato zeigen zu uns
Beobachter: Selenograph. Breite: +6.44°, Länge: -2.12° (topozentrisch; Koordinaten der Mitte der
Mondscheibe)
Sonne: Selenografische Breite: -1.10°, Länge: 150.64°, Kolongitude: 299.36°
Phase, rel. beleuchtete Fläche: 5.7%, Phasenwinkel: 152.4° (topozentrisch)
Positionswinkel der beleuchteten Fläche: 302.77° (topozentrisch, von Norden über Osten)
13
15. 263.86° (topozentrisch, vom Zenit über Osten)
Beleuchtete Fläche liegt direkt rechts
Positionswinkel der Achse: 21.05° (topozentrisch, von Norden über Osten)
342.14° (topozentrisch, vom Zenit über Osten, parallaktischer Winkel)
Resim 5:
14