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Assignment
DRIVE SPRING 2015
PROGRAM MBA (SEM 3)
SUBJECT CODE & NAME QM0021: STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL
BK ID B1928
CREDIT & MARKS 4 CREDITS & 60 MARKS
1 Write short noteson:
(a) Processmanagement
Answer: Process management is the ensemble of activities of planning and monitoring the performance
of a process. The term usually refers to the management of business processes and manufacturing
processes. Business process management (BPM) and business process reengineering are interrelated,
but not
(b) Types of data
Answer: Data can be defined as groups of information that represent the qualitative or quantitative
attributes of a variable or set of variables, which is the same as saying that data can be any set of
information that describes a given entity. Data in statistics can be classified into grouped data and
ungroupeddata.

2. Q.2 What isprocess capability?Define processcapability index.ExplainCp indexand Cpk Index.
Answer: A process is a unique combination of tools, materials, methods, and people engaged in
producing a measurable output; for example a manufacturing line for machine parts. All processes have
inherentstatistical variabilitywhichcanbe evaluatedbystatisticalmethods.
The Process Capability is a measurable property of a process to the specification, expressed as a process
capabilityindex(e.g.,CpkorCpm) or as a
Q 3 What is ‘mean’ and ‘median’? How do you calculate mean and median? Calculate the mean and
medianof the followingdata: 54, 56, 23, 65, 34, 71, 56, 39.
Answer: The mean for a given set of numbers can be computed in more than one way, including the
arithmetic mean method, which uses the sum of the numbers in the series, and the geometric mean
method. However, all of the primary methods for computing a simple average of a normal number
seriesproduce the same approximateresultmostof the time.
Q.4 What are the propertiesof ‘probability’?Explainabout ‘normal distribution’inbrief.
Answer: Probability is the measure of the likeliness that an event will occur.[1][2] Probability is
quantified as a number between 0 and 1 (where 0 indicates impossibility and 1 indicates certainty).[3][4]
The higher the probability of an event, the more certain we are that the event will occur. A simple
example isthe tossof a fair(unbiased) coin.
Propertiesofprobability:
Property 1:
If A is an outcome ina sample space S,then
Q.5Define ‘hypothesistesting’.Explain‘null hypotheses’and‘alternative hypothesis’.
Answer: A statistical hypothesis is a scientific hypothesis that is testable on the basis of observing a
process that is modeled via a set of random variables. A statistical hypothesis test is a method of
statistical inference usedfortestingastatistical hypothesis.
A test result is called statistically significant if it has been predicted as unlikely to have occurred by
chance alone, according to a threshold probability—the significance level. Hypothesis tests are used in
determiningwhatoutcomesof astudywouldlead

3. 6 What is a control chart? What are the various control charts for attributes? Explain ‘p’ chart in
detail.
Answer: Control charts, also known as Shewhart charts or process-behavior charts, in statistical process
control are tools used to determine if a manufacturing or business process is in a state of statistical
control. If analysis of the control chart indicates that the process is currently under control (i.e.,is stable,
with variation only coming from sources common to the process), then no corrections or changes to
processcontrol parametersare neededordesired.In
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