Q1: Why have ethics and social responsibility become so important in recent years? Why is it important that marketing ethics be incorporated into the firm’s strategic plan?
Marketing ethics and social responsibility are considered to be very important and critical in the implementation of strategic planning in any organization. Frequently issues related to ethics and social responsibility arise in organizations and depending on the weight of such issues some firms have developed a negative public reputation that eventually affected their profitability with some being destroyed completely. Hence firms are laying more emphasis on ethical conduct as an important pillar within their strategic market planning with an intention of enhancing the customer relationships through enhanced trust. A firm’s ethics and social responsibility closely relate to changes in government laws and stakeholder demands. Overall established ethics and social responsibility is a plus for any firm because it improves profits and the company’s marketing performance. Notably marketing ethics are not attained by employing ethical people but rely on a well-defined and compliance program that must be initiated and implemented by the firm’s managers.
Hence customer demands and growing regulations in business have necessitated that firms have marketing ethics and social responsibility framework from where they can operate. This is most suitably integrated into the strategic market planning process. History reveals organizations that were adversely affected because they engaged in ethical misconduct. Comparatively recovering from poor performance is far easier for any firm than recovering from ethical misconduct. Ethical misconduct has far reaching consequences that touch on the reputation of the organization. This directly affects the activities of a firm and has adverse effect on its profitability. Apart from losing out on the direct customers, a firm may also lose out on indirect partners who get a negative perception of the organization through the media and public opinion. There have been known cases where such issues resulted in aggressive campaigns and product boycotts leading to low sales and earnings.
Q2: Draw, label, and explain the pyramid of social responsibility. What are the requirements for a firm if it truly wants to be ethical and socially responsible?
The social responsibility pyramid consists of four dimensions that include the legal, ethical, economic and philanthropic. The economic dimension suggests that organizations have a responsibility to their shareholders. These shareholders are particular about the organization’s relationship with its stakeholders and this affects the firm’s reputation. This is associated with the organization’s earnings that are related to the shareholders investment. Economic responsibility will also enhance the organization’s environment in terms of increased income and employment whenever the organization operates ...
This document discusses business ethics and social marketing. It defines ethics as moral principles or values that govern behavior. Business ethics concern right and wrong behavior according to societal standards. Elements of business ethics include top management behavior, codes of conduct, implementation, employee participation, and measuring results. Social marketing aims to change individual behavior for societal benefit using commercial marketing techniques. Involving in social marketing requires identifying the behavior to change, audience, barriers to change, and reducing barriers. The document outlines advantages like ensuring laws are followed and building trust and loyalty, and disadvantages like reduced freedom and costs of ethical practices.
The document discusses social responsibility and marketing ethics. It defines social responsibility as a company's obligation to make decisions that benefit society and its values. Social responsibility involves businesses balancing profit-making with activities that benefit society on a local, national or global scale. Marketing ethics provides moral principles and guidelines for companies to ensure fairness and honesty in advertisements. Unethical practices like false claims, invading privacy or targeting vulnerable groups are deemed unacceptable. Adhering to social responsibility and marketing ethics can help companies build trust, loyalty, brand value and achieve long-term financial goals.
The document discusses corporate social responsibility (CSR) and related topics. It begins by outlining traditional government responsibilities and the growth of the private sector and foreign investment. It then poses questions about private sector obligations beyond profit/employment generation. It lists stakeholders and questions around their definition and role. The document explores how CSR involves dialogue between companies and stakeholders, respects social contracts, and goes beyond basic legal/philanthropic responsibilities. It also discusses perspectives on CSR as a requirement rather than luxury in today's transparent information age.
relevance of business ethics in today's competitive environment and how business ethics lead to sustain in the market for a long
behaving ethically leads to good leadership and good internal control system
abhiorganization with poor ethical values at an organizational l.docxSALU18
abhi
organization with poor ethical values at an organizational level. The following are some of the factors that help in the determination of the top tone in an organization.
Factors Influencing Tone at the Top
Marketing Communication
Marketing communication refers to the different modes of marketing techniques used by a company to advertise their products and services to the target consumers. To exemplify corporate ethics at an organizational level, a corporation should educate potential consumers about their products without making any false or exaggerated claims or exploiting public emotions, fears of and discriminations to attract customers or to avail of competitive advantage.
Financial Reporting
Financial reporting is the process through which corporations disclose their financial information to their shareholders, governing authorities and the general public. While most government agencies and corporate associations mandate companies to disclose their financial information such as yearly turnovers, assets, liabilities, investments and donations on a quarterly or fiscal basis, there have been various scandals in the past, in which large corporations have concealed or manipulated financial data in reports to achieve organizational objectives. Such was the case of Boeing in 1997 when the company concealed huge financial overruns. To implement a positive tone at the top, an organization needs to conduct truthful and accurate financial reporting regardless of the circumstances (Lord, 2018).
Leadership
The nature of leadership shown by the managers of an organization determine the employees’ perception of the the internal environment of the corporation, which in turn contributes to the overall tone at the top. To enhance ethics in the work culture, leaders should not only observe, supervise and help employees at their jobs but should also show dedicated and organizational attitude. For example, leaders need to take responsibility for collective mistakes and risks that may arise in the course of any operation (Yasir and Mohamad, 2016). Moreover, transformational leadership is a great way to establish an ethical work culture, whereby leaders show interest in employees’ issues and work towards the benefit of both employees and organizations to encourage workers in achieving organizational goals.
Corporate Philanthropy
Corporate philanthropy refers to the contribution of corporations towards social and environmental causes through donations and sponsorship. In order to achieve a positive tone at the top, corporations need to perform philanthropy as a burden of social responsibility and not as a marketing strategy.
nav
Usually, the top at the tone is really been hearing in many different places within business organizations however, most of men and women have no crystal-clear concept towards them. Some people assume that this tone at the top is the principle that had really been created in the workplace to generate or current en.
This document provides information about ISO 26000 and guidance on implementing social responsibility according to ISO 26000. It defines what ISO is and its objectives with ISO 26000. Specifically, it outlines seven steps for organizations to implement social responsibility, covering identifying issues and stakeholders, understanding principles, subjects and issues, integrating responsibilities, and reviewing performance. It also provides examples of action plans for key subjects like human rights, labor practices, and environment. The overall guidance is for organizations to continually improve their contribution to sustainable development through a process of stakeholder engagement, policy setting, and review.
W2O Group Function Optimization 2014 reportW2O Group
Over the course of our existence, W2O Group has been working with global organizations, specifically Chief Communications Officers (CCOs), to better organize, structure and fully develop corporate communications as a function, a system, and a set of capabilities to better align with strategic priorities. The report is a compilation of lessons learned, insights gleaned and recommendations for companies of all sizes.
Conscious marketing prioritizes customer needs and values ethical business practices. It aims to align marketing efforts with a company's mission and values. Conscious marketing considers all stakeholders - including employees, customers, society - and how company decisions impact them. It incorporates social responsibility principles like transparency and accountability. For conscious marketing to be effective, it must be integrated throughout all aspects of a business from leadership to culture to marketing plans.
This document discusses business ethics and social marketing. It defines ethics as moral principles or values that govern behavior. Business ethics concern right and wrong behavior according to societal standards. Elements of business ethics include top management behavior, codes of conduct, implementation, employee participation, and measuring results. Social marketing aims to change individual behavior for societal benefit using commercial marketing techniques. Involving in social marketing requires identifying the behavior to change, audience, barriers to change, and reducing barriers. The document outlines advantages like ensuring laws are followed and building trust and loyalty, and disadvantages like reduced freedom and costs of ethical practices.
The document discusses social responsibility and marketing ethics. It defines social responsibility as a company's obligation to make decisions that benefit society and its values. Social responsibility involves businesses balancing profit-making with activities that benefit society on a local, national or global scale. Marketing ethics provides moral principles and guidelines for companies to ensure fairness and honesty in advertisements. Unethical practices like false claims, invading privacy or targeting vulnerable groups are deemed unacceptable. Adhering to social responsibility and marketing ethics can help companies build trust, loyalty, brand value and achieve long-term financial goals.
The document discusses corporate social responsibility (CSR) and related topics. It begins by outlining traditional government responsibilities and the growth of the private sector and foreign investment. It then poses questions about private sector obligations beyond profit/employment generation. It lists stakeholders and questions around their definition and role. The document explores how CSR involves dialogue between companies and stakeholders, respects social contracts, and goes beyond basic legal/philanthropic responsibilities. It also discusses perspectives on CSR as a requirement rather than luxury in today's transparent information age.
relevance of business ethics in today's competitive environment and how business ethics lead to sustain in the market for a long
behaving ethically leads to good leadership and good internal control system
abhiorganization with poor ethical values at an organizational l.docxSALU18
abhi
organization with poor ethical values at an organizational level. The following are some of the factors that help in the determination of the top tone in an organization.
Factors Influencing Tone at the Top
Marketing Communication
Marketing communication refers to the different modes of marketing techniques used by a company to advertise their products and services to the target consumers. To exemplify corporate ethics at an organizational level, a corporation should educate potential consumers about their products without making any false or exaggerated claims or exploiting public emotions, fears of and discriminations to attract customers or to avail of competitive advantage.
Financial Reporting
Financial reporting is the process through which corporations disclose their financial information to their shareholders, governing authorities and the general public. While most government agencies and corporate associations mandate companies to disclose their financial information such as yearly turnovers, assets, liabilities, investments and donations on a quarterly or fiscal basis, there have been various scandals in the past, in which large corporations have concealed or manipulated financial data in reports to achieve organizational objectives. Such was the case of Boeing in 1997 when the company concealed huge financial overruns. To implement a positive tone at the top, an organization needs to conduct truthful and accurate financial reporting regardless of the circumstances (Lord, 2018).
Leadership
The nature of leadership shown by the managers of an organization determine the employees’ perception of the the internal environment of the corporation, which in turn contributes to the overall tone at the top. To enhance ethics in the work culture, leaders should not only observe, supervise and help employees at their jobs but should also show dedicated and organizational attitude. For example, leaders need to take responsibility for collective mistakes and risks that may arise in the course of any operation (Yasir and Mohamad, 2016). Moreover, transformational leadership is a great way to establish an ethical work culture, whereby leaders show interest in employees’ issues and work towards the benefit of both employees and organizations to encourage workers in achieving organizational goals.
Corporate Philanthropy
Corporate philanthropy refers to the contribution of corporations towards social and environmental causes through donations and sponsorship. In order to achieve a positive tone at the top, corporations need to perform philanthropy as a burden of social responsibility and not as a marketing strategy.
nav
Usually, the top at the tone is really been hearing in many different places within business organizations however, most of men and women have no crystal-clear concept towards them. Some people assume that this tone at the top is the principle that had really been created in the workplace to generate or current en.
This document provides information about ISO 26000 and guidance on implementing social responsibility according to ISO 26000. It defines what ISO is and its objectives with ISO 26000. Specifically, it outlines seven steps for organizations to implement social responsibility, covering identifying issues and stakeholders, understanding principles, subjects and issues, integrating responsibilities, and reviewing performance. It also provides examples of action plans for key subjects like human rights, labor practices, and environment. The overall guidance is for organizations to continually improve their contribution to sustainable development through a process of stakeholder engagement, policy setting, and review.
W2O Group Function Optimization 2014 reportW2O Group
Over the course of our existence, W2O Group has been working with global organizations, specifically Chief Communications Officers (CCOs), to better organize, structure and fully develop corporate communications as a function, a system, and a set of capabilities to better align with strategic priorities. The report is a compilation of lessons learned, insights gleaned and recommendations for companies of all sizes.
Conscious marketing prioritizes customer needs and values ethical business practices. It aims to align marketing efforts with a company's mission and values. Conscious marketing considers all stakeholders - including employees, customers, society - and how company decisions impact them. It incorporates social responsibility principles like transparency and accountability. For conscious marketing to be effective, it must be integrated throughout all aspects of a business from leadership to culture to marketing plans.
1. Which of the following is a concern employees of an expanding bus.docxgasciognecaren
1. Which of the following is a concern employees of an expanding business would have?
A.)Ensure that customer requests are responded to promptly and professionally.
B.)Ensure sensitive information about specialty offerings remains undisclosed until the new location opens.
C.)Ensure that fair hiring and firing practices are incorporated at the new location.
D.)Ensure the team develops strongly in new locations.
Passage to Answer the Question
What Is Ethics?
Ethics
is simply the principles of right and wrong and the morality of the choices involved.
Now, it's also important to define what ethics is
not
. Ethics is not emotions or religion. It's not science or norms of a society, necessarily. It's also not simply following the law, because it's perfectly acceptable to follow the law yet be an unethical person.
term to know Ethics The principles of right and wrong and of the morality of the choices
1a. Business Ethics
Business ethics
is closely tied to what ethics is. It's the principles of right and wrong of the morality of the choices made in the
business
world. Essentially, what we're doing is taking the principles or the definition of ethics and applying it to business.
hint Whether you're looking at business ethics or other types of ethics, ethical people will always follow the same ethical principles
all the time
, not just when it suits them.
term to know Business Ethics The principles of right and wrong and of the morality of the choices made in the business world
1b. Managerial Ethics
Managerial ethics
is simply ethics again. It is the principles of right and wrong and of the morality of the choices made in the context of
management
.
Managerial decisions impact employee behavior. How you hire or fire, the wages that you pay, or the working conditions at your business are all ethical decisions, and they can greatly impact employee attitudes and productivity.
Managerial ethics decisions can also impact behavior toward an organization. Do you have conflicts of interest or allow them? A
conflict of interest
is simply a circumstance in which the judgment of an individual or group may be impaired because of a difference in primary or secondary interest.
Is customer information kept confidential?
Confidentiality
is simply keeping private trusted data out of the hands of the public and other people who don't need to see it.
think about it We hand our personal information, like credit card numbers, to a lot of different people online when we are shopping. What do you think it would do for a business if we suddenly found out that our information wasn't as confidential as we thought it was? That would have a big impact on that particular business.
Collusion
is an attempt by business to conspire to the detriment of customers, businesses, or the general public.
Lastly, managerial ethics decisions can also impact behavior toward economic agent.
The document discusses the meaning and importance of branding. It states that branding is the process of creating a unique name and image for a product in consumers' minds through advertising to establish a presence in the market. An effective brand strategy gives companies an advantage by differentiating their offering and telling customers what to expect. It also discusses elements of an effective brand name and the importance of branding in driving new business and awareness. The document then explains what a brand concept is and its key elements, including the brand name, tagline, and messages it conveys to curate a distinctive identity.
This document discusses principles of socially responsible marketing and ethical marketing practices. It begins by defining socially responsible marketing as taking moral actions that encourage a positive impact on all stakeholders. It then outlines steps to develop a socially responsible marketing plan, including defining ethics for the firm, determining implementation, and assessing costs and benefits. Key aspects covered include consumer orientation, innovation, product value, mission, and societal impact. Characteristics like safety, honesty, and transparency are discussed. The benefits of integrating ethics include a moral compass, legal compliance, and improved reputation. Common ethical issues and unethical practices are also summarized.
Conscious marketing involves a company having a greater purpose beyond profit, considering how its actions impact stakeholders like employees, customers, society and the environment, and establishing a culture of ethical and conscious leadership. It focuses on corporate social responsibility, environmental stewardship, treating employees well, and engaging in honest marketing practices to build trust with customers. A conscious company is socially and environmentally aware in its operations and ensures all members act ethically through policies, codes of conduct and decision-making frameworks.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to companies considering social and environmental impacts in their business operations and stakeholder interactions. Strategic CSR allows companies to balance economic and societal value creation, manage stakeholder relationships, and develop sustainable practices. Integrating CSR into strategic management requires companies to consider their economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary social responsibilities. This can provide competitive advantages like customer loyalty. A company's mission statement should reflect its ethical standards and stakeholder concerns. Effective CSR integration involves embedding ethics into organizational culture, diagnosing social responsibilities, and generalizing the CSR approach throughout company activities.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to companies considering social and environmental impacts in their business operations and stakeholder interactions. Strategic CSR allows companies to balance economic and societal value creation, manage stakeholder relationships, and develop sustainable practices. Integrating CSR into strategic management requires companies to consider their economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary social responsibilities. This can provide competitive advantages like customer loyalty. A company's mission statement should reflect its ethical standards and stakeholder concerns. Effective CSR integration involves embedding ethics into organizational culture, diagnosing social responsibilities, and generalizing the CSR approach throughout company activities.
This document provides an overview of marketing management and objectives. It discusses:
1. Marketing is focused on creating, keeping and satisfying customers through exchange relationships.
2. The major objectives of marketing management are creation of demand, customer satisfaction, market share, generation of profits, and creation of goodwill.
3. The scope of marketing includes market orientation to discover customer needs and tailor products accordingly, as well as analyzing a company's micro and macro environment.
This document discusses corporate social responsibility and business ethics. It defines corporate social responsibility as actions a company takes to improve its impact on society and the environment. It notes that CSR refers to a company's obligations to protect and improve social welfare as well as its own interests. The document then lists several reasons why CSR is important, including maintaining a positive public image, avoiding government regulation, satisfying consumer awareness of rights, ensuring survival and growth by having community support, and satisfying employee expectations to boost productivity. It also defines ethics as moral judgments about right and wrong, distinguishing between personal and business ethics. Business ethics are the rules and principles formed by each company to guide decision making. The importance of business ethics is outlined as positively influencing employee commitment,
It tells about the Marketing Ethics, why and how company follow the ethics in marketing. It is well concluded and you get much knowledge by this presentation.
This document discusses the concepts and history of corporate social responsibility (CSR). It defines CSR as companies voluntarily contributing to society and the environment through business activities and social investments. The concept of CSR gained popularity in the 1990s when a German pharmaceutical company implemented CSR strategies to differentiate itself. The document outlines the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary responsibilities that make up CSR and examines arguments for and against companies adopting CSR practices. It concludes that CSR should demonstrate a commitment to societal values by addressing issues caused by business operations.
The process of change in marketing approachesbabar mushtaq
This document discusses the shift from traditional product-focused marketing to customer-targeted marketing. It notes that as the global economy becomes more turbulent and competitive, companies are realizing that customers are their most important asset. To survive, companies must satisfy customer needs and wants. This has led many organizations to rethink their marketing strategies and focus on developing customer-centric approaches. The document also discusses how the rise of technology and internet has empowered customers and increased their expectations, driving further need for companies to target marketing efforts towards individual customers.
This document discusses social responsibility and business ethics. It defines social responsibility as responsibilities a business has to society. Businesses should be socially responsible for public image, avoiding government regulation, and employee and consumer satisfaction. Examples are given of companies participating in corporate social responsibility programs. Business ethics refers to moral principles guiding business conduct. Ethical behavior can benefit businesses through customer attraction, employee retention and recruitment, and investor attraction. The conclusion emphasizes that maintaining ethical standards and social responsibility is crucial for business reputation.
This document discusses the ethical motivations and benefits of promoting an ethical culture within an organization. It notes that an ethical culture can help appeal to employee loyalty, balance stakeholder needs, address global challenges, reduce risks and costs, improve employee retention, prevent criminal penalties, lead to market leadership, and set an example for an industry. Developing a successful business ethics program can help grow a business while establishing a culture that rewards making decisions aligned with a company's values.
This document discusses social responsibility and ethics in marketing. It defines social responsibility as a company's obligation to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive impacts on society through marketing decisions. Companies strive for marketing citizenship by fulfilling economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities. Incorporating social responsibility and ethics into strategic planning can improve marketing performance by helping companies respond to stakeholders, protecting reputation, and reducing costs from legal or publicity issues.
The Good, the Generous and the Galvanic: Marketing's Role in Social Responsib...Sustainable Brands
This paper explores an area that is returning to the consciousness of organisations and marketers as they simultaneously grapple with shareholders’ growing demands for bottom line performance with the community expectation for them to be more socially, environmentally and ethically responsible.
The paper is designed to stimulate thinking and debate within organisations and the broader marketing community by highlighting key issues around social responsibility and their connection with marketing at multiple levels. In particular, it explores how marketers could play a more proactive role in enabling organisations to become increasingly responsible socially, environmentally and ethically while ensuring the sustainability of bottom line performance.
Corporate Governance and Business Ethics discusses the importance of ethics in business. It defines business ethics as applying moral principles to business decisions and relationships. Maintaining ethical practices is important for building trust with stakeholders and encouraging productivity and talent retention. Unethical conduct can arise from pressures like unrealistic objectives or competition but ethical companies consider impacts on communities, equality and sustainability. The document examines the role of ethics in corporate governance and relationships. It provides examples of companies with strong ethics like Patagonia as well as those involved in misconduct like Volkswagen. Overall it emphasizes that good governance requires upholding values through vision and conduct standards.
Corporate Social Responsibility-Yashvanth G NayakYashavanth Nayak
This document defines corporate social responsibility and outlines its key types and arguments for and against it. CSR refers to businesses going above legal and profit obligations to benefit society. Types include environmental, community, and employee initiatives. Arguments for CSR are that it protects stakeholders, ensures long-term survival and avoids regulation by addressing social issues. However, critics argue CSR shifts focus from profits, increases costs, and may damage reputation if initiatives do not show quick results.
the importance of corporate social responsibility and business ethicsijtsrd
Corporate social responsibility CSR and ethical behavior have come in front these years in both developed and developing countries to bring the effective results for the overall growth of any organizations. These two concepts bring important benefits to a business. This paper will highlight the basic concepts and how these two concepts works along with its importance and need in today’s time for the organizational overall growth and success. As organizations know and accepted business ethics lead to positivity among the employees, customer and for public relations. As not everyone accepted them but also it will help to create overall image, loyalty, strong and healthier community relations which ensure of benefits and present themselves as corporate as well as socially responsible. Jamshed "The Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Ethics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd32967.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/32967/the-importance-of-corporate-social-responsibility-and-business-ethics/jamshed
The Relationship Between Corporate Ethics in Determining the Morality, Perfor...CharleneWoods5
Corporate social responsibility and business ethics deals with moral principles, governance, and codes of conduct for businesses. It questions a business's role in society and incorporates self-regulatory mechanisms to fulfill ethical standards while benefiting stakeholders. Businesses that demonstrate strong ethics and social responsibility tend to perform better and build healthier relationships with employees, stakeholders, and society. They also mitigate risks, attract investors who value social consciousness, and gain competitive advantages by addressing stakeholder issues.
According to Davenport (2014) social media and health care are c.docxmakdul
Social media is collaborating with healthcare to meet the needs of providers and patients, and is moving toward using analytics to evaluate its value within healthcare. The document instructs the reader to research areas of social media that could benefit from an analytic model combining data and value-based analytics, then evaluate a resource by discussing five major social media stakeholder roles, whether social media could improve medical practice and provide rationale, and concluding with main points.
According to (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.) theoretical orient.docxmakdul
According to (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.) theoretical orientation represent styles of mind for understanding reality. This theoretical orientation can be organized as a continuum from theoretical constructs that are independent and concrete as with the Behavioral/ CBT theories, to theoretical constructs that are interdependent and abstract as with the Psychodynamic theories (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.). Family systems and Humanistic/Existential are theoretical midpoints (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.). Trait theory tends to focus on the premise that we are born with traits or characteristics that make us unique and explain our behaviors (Cervone& Pervin, 2019). For example, introversion, extroversion, shyness, agreeableness, kindness, etc. all these innate characteristics that we are born help to explain why we behave in a certain manner according to the situations we face, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019). Psychoanalytic perspective on the other hand focuses on childhood experiences and the unconscious mind which plays a role in our personality development, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019).
According to Freud, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019) our unconscious mind includes all our hidden desires and conflicts which form the root cause of our mental health issues or maladaptive behaviors. The main difference between these two perspectives is that trait theory helps to explain why we behave in a certain manner, whereas psychoanalytic theory only describes the personality and predicting behavior and not really explaining why we behave the way we do. There is no such evident similarity between the two perspectives, but kind of rely on underlying mechanisms to explain personality. Also, there is some degree of subjectivity present in both the perspectives. Trait theories involve subjectivity regarding interpretations of which can be considered as important traits that explain our behaviors, and psychoanalytic theory is subjective and vague in the concepts been used like the unconscious mind. My opinions accord with the visible contrasts between the two, one focused on internal features describing our behaviors in clearer words, whilst other concentrating on unconscious mind in anticipating behavior which is ambiguous and harder to grasp.
References
Cervone, D., & Pervin, L. A. (2019). Personality: Theory and research (14th ed.). Wiley.
Fatehi, M., Gordon, R. M., & Florida, O. A Meta-Theoretical Integration of Psychotherapy Orientations.
.
More Related Content
Similar to Q1 Why have ethics and social responsibility become so important .docx
1. Which of the following is a concern employees of an expanding bus.docxgasciognecaren
1. Which of the following is a concern employees of an expanding business would have?
A.)Ensure that customer requests are responded to promptly and professionally.
B.)Ensure sensitive information about specialty offerings remains undisclosed until the new location opens.
C.)Ensure that fair hiring and firing practices are incorporated at the new location.
D.)Ensure the team develops strongly in new locations.
Passage to Answer the Question
What Is Ethics?
Ethics
is simply the principles of right and wrong and the morality of the choices involved.
Now, it's also important to define what ethics is
not
. Ethics is not emotions or religion. It's not science or norms of a society, necessarily. It's also not simply following the law, because it's perfectly acceptable to follow the law yet be an unethical person.
term to know Ethics The principles of right and wrong and of the morality of the choices
1a. Business Ethics
Business ethics
is closely tied to what ethics is. It's the principles of right and wrong of the morality of the choices made in the
business
world. Essentially, what we're doing is taking the principles or the definition of ethics and applying it to business.
hint Whether you're looking at business ethics or other types of ethics, ethical people will always follow the same ethical principles
all the time
, not just when it suits them.
term to know Business Ethics The principles of right and wrong and of the morality of the choices made in the business world
1b. Managerial Ethics
Managerial ethics
is simply ethics again. It is the principles of right and wrong and of the morality of the choices made in the context of
management
.
Managerial decisions impact employee behavior. How you hire or fire, the wages that you pay, or the working conditions at your business are all ethical decisions, and they can greatly impact employee attitudes and productivity.
Managerial ethics decisions can also impact behavior toward an organization. Do you have conflicts of interest or allow them? A
conflict of interest
is simply a circumstance in which the judgment of an individual or group may be impaired because of a difference in primary or secondary interest.
Is customer information kept confidential?
Confidentiality
is simply keeping private trusted data out of the hands of the public and other people who don't need to see it.
think about it We hand our personal information, like credit card numbers, to a lot of different people online when we are shopping. What do you think it would do for a business if we suddenly found out that our information wasn't as confidential as we thought it was? That would have a big impact on that particular business.
Collusion
is an attempt by business to conspire to the detriment of customers, businesses, or the general public.
Lastly, managerial ethics decisions can also impact behavior toward economic agent.
The document discusses the meaning and importance of branding. It states that branding is the process of creating a unique name and image for a product in consumers' minds through advertising to establish a presence in the market. An effective brand strategy gives companies an advantage by differentiating their offering and telling customers what to expect. It also discusses elements of an effective brand name and the importance of branding in driving new business and awareness. The document then explains what a brand concept is and its key elements, including the brand name, tagline, and messages it conveys to curate a distinctive identity.
This document discusses principles of socially responsible marketing and ethical marketing practices. It begins by defining socially responsible marketing as taking moral actions that encourage a positive impact on all stakeholders. It then outlines steps to develop a socially responsible marketing plan, including defining ethics for the firm, determining implementation, and assessing costs and benefits. Key aspects covered include consumer orientation, innovation, product value, mission, and societal impact. Characteristics like safety, honesty, and transparency are discussed. The benefits of integrating ethics include a moral compass, legal compliance, and improved reputation. Common ethical issues and unethical practices are also summarized.
Conscious marketing involves a company having a greater purpose beyond profit, considering how its actions impact stakeholders like employees, customers, society and the environment, and establishing a culture of ethical and conscious leadership. It focuses on corporate social responsibility, environmental stewardship, treating employees well, and engaging in honest marketing practices to build trust with customers. A conscious company is socially and environmentally aware in its operations and ensures all members act ethically through policies, codes of conduct and decision-making frameworks.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to companies considering social and environmental impacts in their business operations and stakeholder interactions. Strategic CSR allows companies to balance economic and societal value creation, manage stakeholder relationships, and develop sustainable practices. Integrating CSR into strategic management requires companies to consider their economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary social responsibilities. This can provide competitive advantages like customer loyalty. A company's mission statement should reflect its ethical standards and stakeholder concerns. Effective CSR integration involves embedding ethics into organizational culture, diagnosing social responsibilities, and generalizing the CSR approach throughout company activities.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to companies considering social and environmental impacts in their business operations and stakeholder interactions. Strategic CSR allows companies to balance economic and societal value creation, manage stakeholder relationships, and develop sustainable practices. Integrating CSR into strategic management requires companies to consider their economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary social responsibilities. This can provide competitive advantages like customer loyalty. A company's mission statement should reflect its ethical standards and stakeholder concerns. Effective CSR integration involves embedding ethics into organizational culture, diagnosing social responsibilities, and generalizing the CSR approach throughout company activities.
This document provides an overview of marketing management and objectives. It discusses:
1. Marketing is focused on creating, keeping and satisfying customers through exchange relationships.
2. The major objectives of marketing management are creation of demand, customer satisfaction, market share, generation of profits, and creation of goodwill.
3. The scope of marketing includes market orientation to discover customer needs and tailor products accordingly, as well as analyzing a company's micro and macro environment.
This document discusses corporate social responsibility and business ethics. It defines corporate social responsibility as actions a company takes to improve its impact on society and the environment. It notes that CSR refers to a company's obligations to protect and improve social welfare as well as its own interests. The document then lists several reasons why CSR is important, including maintaining a positive public image, avoiding government regulation, satisfying consumer awareness of rights, ensuring survival and growth by having community support, and satisfying employee expectations to boost productivity. It also defines ethics as moral judgments about right and wrong, distinguishing between personal and business ethics. Business ethics are the rules and principles formed by each company to guide decision making. The importance of business ethics is outlined as positively influencing employee commitment,
It tells about the Marketing Ethics, why and how company follow the ethics in marketing. It is well concluded and you get much knowledge by this presentation.
This document discusses the concepts and history of corporate social responsibility (CSR). It defines CSR as companies voluntarily contributing to society and the environment through business activities and social investments. The concept of CSR gained popularity in the 1990s when a German pharmaceutical company implemented CSR strategies to differentiate itself. The document outlines the economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary responsibilities that make up CSR and examines arguments for and against companies adopting CSR practices. It concludes that CSR should demonstrate a commitment to societal values by addressing issues caused by business operations.
The process of change in marketing approachesbabar mushtaq
This document discusses the shift from traditional product-focused marketing to customer-targeted marketing. It notes that as the global economy becomes more turbulent and competitive, companies are realizing that customers are their most important asset. To survive, companies must satisfy customer needs and wants. This has led many organizations to rethink their marketing strategies and focus on developing customer-centric approaches. The document also discusses how the rise of technology and internet has empowered customers and increased their expectations, driving further need for companies to target marketing efforts towards individual customers.
This document discusses social responsibility and business ethics. It defines social responsibility as responsibilities a business has to society. Businesses should be socially responsible for public image, avoiding government regulation, and employee and consumer satisfaction. Examples are given of companies participating in corporate social responsibility programs. Business ethics refers to moral principles guiding business conduct. Ethical behavior can benefit businesses through customer attraction, employee retention and recruitment, and investor attraction. The conclusion emphasizes that maintaining ethical standards and social responsibility is crucial for business reputation.
This document discusses the ethical motivations and benefits of promoting an ethical culture within an organization. It notes that an ethical culture can help appeal to employee loyalty, balance stakeholder needs, address global challenges, reduce risks and costs, improve employee retention, prevent criminal penalties, lead to market leadership, and set an example for an industry. Developing a successful business ethics program can help grow a business while establishing a culture that rewards making decisions aligned with a company's values.
This document discusses social responsibility and ethics in marketing. It defines social responsibility as a company's obligation to minimize negative impacts and maximize positive impacts on society through marketing decisions. Companies strive for marketing citizenship by fulfilling economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic responsibilities. Incorporating social responsibility and ethics into strategic planning can improve marketing performance by helping companies respond to stakeholders, protecting reputation, and reducing costs from legal or publicity issues.
The Good, the Generous and the Galvanic: Marketing's Role in Social Responsib...Sustainable Brands
This paper explores an area that is returning to the consciousness of organisations and marketers as they simultaneously grapple with shareholders’ growing demands for bottom line performance with the community expectation for them to be more socially, environmentally and ethically responsible.
The paper is designed to stimulate thinking and debate within organisations and the broader marketing community by highlighting key issues around social responsibility and their connection with marketing at multiple levels. In particular, it explores how marketers could play a more proactive role in enabling organisations to become increasingly responsible socially, environmentally and ethically while ensuring the sustainability of bottom line performance.
Corporate Governance and Business Ethics discusses the importance of ethics in business. It defines business ethics as applying moral principles to business decisions and relationships. Maintaining ethical practices is important for building trust with stakeholders and encouraging productivity and talent retention. Unethical conduct can arise from pressures like unrealistic objectives or competition but ethical companies consider impacts on communities, equality and sustainability. The document examines the role of ethics in corporate governance and relationships. It provides examples of companies with strong ethics like Patagonia as well as those involved in misconduct like Volkswagen. Overall it emphasizes that good governance requires upholding values through vision and conduct standards.
Corporate Social Responsibility-Yashvanth G NayakYashavanth Nayak
This document defines corporate social responsibility and outlines its key types and arguments for and against it. CSR refers to businesses going above legal and profit obligations to benefit society. Types include environmental, community, and employee initiatives. Arguments for CSR are that it protects stakeholders, ensures long-term survival and avoids regulation by addressing social issues. However, critics argue CSR shifts focus from profits, increases costs, and may damage reputation if initiatives do not show quick results.
the importance of corporate social responsibility and business ethicsijtsrd
Corporate social responsibility CSR and ethical behavior have come in front these years in both developed and developing countries to bring the effective results for the overall growth of any organizations. These two concepts bring important benefits to a business. This paper will highlight the basic concepts and how these two concepts works along with its importance and need in today’s time for the organizational overall growth and success. As organizations know and accepted business ethics lead to positivity among the employees, customer and for public relations. As not everyone accepted them but also it will help to create overall image, loyalty, strong and healthier community relations which ensure of benefits and present themselves as corporate as well as socially responsible. Jamshed "The Importance of Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Ethics" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd32967.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/marketing/32967/the-importance-of-corporate-social-responsibility-and-business-ethics/jamshed
The Relationship Between Corporate Ethics in Determining the Morality, Perfor...CharleneWoods5
Corporate social responsibility and business ethics deals with moral principles, governance, and codes of conduct for businesses. It questions a business's role in society and incorporates self-regulatory mechanisms to fulfill ethical standards while benefiting stakeholders. Businesses that demonstrate strong ethics and social responsibility tend to perform better and build healthier relationships with employees, stakeholders, and society. They also mitigate risks, attract investors who value social consciousness, and gain competitive advantages by addressing stakeholder issues.
Similar to Q1 Why have ethics and social responsibility become so important .docx (20)
According to Davenport (2014) social media and health care are c.docxmakdul
Social media is collaborating with healthcare to meet the needs of providers and patients, and is moving toward using analytics to evaluate its value within healthcare. The document instructs the reader to research areas of social media that could benefit from an analytic model combining data and value-based analytics, then evaluate a resource by discussing five major social media stakeholder roles, whether social media could improve medical practice and provide rationale, and concluding with main points.
According to (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.) theoretical orient.docxmakdul
According to (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.) theoretical orientation represent styles of mind for understanding reality. This theoretical orientation can be organized as a continuum from theoretical constructs that are independent and concrete as with the Behavioral/ CBT theories, to theoretical constructs that are interdependent and abstract as with the Psychodynamic theories (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.). Family systems and Humanistic/Existential are theoretical midpoints (Fatehi, Gordon & Florida, N.D.). Trait theory tends to focus on the premise that we are born with traits or characteristics that make us unique and explain our behaviors (Cervone& Pervin, 2019). For example, introversion, extroversion, shyness, agreeableness, kindness, etc. all these innate characteristics that we are born help to explain why we behave in a certain manner according to the situations we face, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019). Psychoanalytic perspective on the other hand focuses on childhood experiences and the unconscious mind which plays a role in our personality development, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019).
According to Freud, (Cervone& Pervin, 2019) our unconscious mind includes all our hidden desires and conflicts which form the root cause of our mental health issues or maladaptive behaviors. The main difference between these two perspectives is that trait theory helps to explain why we behave in a certain manner, whereas psychoanalytic theory only describes the personality and predicting behavior and not really explaining why we behave the way we do. There is no such evident similarity between the two perspectives, but kind of rely on underlying mechanisms to explain personality. Also, there is some degree of subjectivity present in both the perspectives. Trait theories involve subjectivity regarding interpretations of which can be considered as important traits that explain our behaviors, and psychoanalytic theory is subjective and vague in the concepts been used like the unconscious mind. My opinions accord with the visible contrasts between the two, one focused on internal features describing our behaviors in clearer words, whilst other concentrating on unconscious mind in anticipating behavior which is ambiguous and harder to grasp.
References
Cervone, D., & Pervin, L. A. (2019). Personality: Theory and research (14th ed.). Wiley.
Fatehi, M., Gordon, R. M., & Florida, O. A Meta-Theoretical Integration of Psychotherapy Orientations.
.
According to Libertarianism, there is no right to any social service.docxmakdul
According to Libertarianism, there is no right to any social services besides those of a night-watchman state, protecting citizens from harming each other via courts, police, and military.
Consider this town
that decided to remove fire rescue as a basic social service. To benefit from it, one had to pay a yearly fee. Do you think libertarians would generally have to support such a policy in order to be consistent? Why or why not? Also, can you think of any other social services that might no longer exist in a libertarian society? (Btw, none has ever existed).
.
According to Kirk (2016), most of your time will be spent working wi.docxmakdul
Kirk (2016) identified four data action groups for working with data: data acquisition, data examination, data transformation, and data exploration. Data acquisition involves gathering the raw material.
According to cultural deviance theorists like Cohen, deviant sub.docxmakdul
This document discusses how cultural deviance theorists view subcultures as having their own value systems that oppose mainstream society's values. It asks how rap culture has perpetuated these subcultural values and promoted violence and crime among young men. It also asks how theorists would explain the persistence and popularity of rap culture given its deviation from conventional norms and values, citing examples from Tupac Shakur and 50 Cent. The document requests a 750-1000 word essay on this topic supported by 3-5 scholarly sources.
According to Gray et al, (2017) critical appraisal is the proce.docxmakdul
According to Gray et al, (2017) “critical appraisal is the process of carefully and systematically assessing the outcome of all aspects of a study, judging the strengths, limitation, trustworthiness, meaning, and its applicability to practice”. The steps involved in critical appraisal include “identifying the study's elements or processes, determining the strengths and weaknesses, and evaluating the credibility and trustworthiness of the study” (Gray et al., 2017). The journal article chosen is
“change in staff perspectives on indwelling urinary catheter use after implementation of an intervention bundle in seven Swiss acute care hospitals: a result of a before/after survey study”
by Niederhauser, Zullig, Marschall, Schweiger, John, Kuster, and Schwappach. (2019).
Identifying the study's elements or processes
A significant issue addressed by the study is the nursing “staffs’ perspective towards indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) and evaluation of changes in their perspectives towards indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) use after implementation of a 1-year quality improvement project” (Niederhauser et al, 2019). the process of the research was conducted in “seven acute care hospitals in Switzerland” (Niederhauser et al, 2019). With a “sample size of 1579 staff members participated in the baseline survey and 1527 participated in the follow-up survey. The survey captures all nursing and medical staff members working at the participating hospitals at the time of survey distribution, using a multimodal intervention bundle, consisting of an evidence-based indication list, daily re-evaluation of ongoing catheter needs, and staff training were implemented over the course of 9 months” (Niederhauser et al, 2019).
Determining the strengths and weaknesses
A great strength of the study is a large sample size of over 1000 and the use of well-constructed and easy-to-read heading for better understanding. Also, the use of figures, graphs, and tables make the article less cumbersome to read. Another strength is the implementation of the ethical principles of research by enabling informed consent and voluntary participation as well as confidentiality and anonymity of information.
On the other hand, the study has several weaknesses such as the use of “the theory of planned behavior to model intentions to reduce catheter use, but it is not possible to know if changes observed in staff perception led to a true change in practice” (Niederhauser et al, 2019). Another weakness of the study is the repeated survey design which allows assessment of changes in staff perspectives after implementation of a quality improvement intervention but the sustainability of the effects over time could not be evaluated.
Evaluating the credibility and trustworthiness of the study
Although the study used a larger sample size of over 1000, the “use of a single-group design and no control group weakens its credibility and trustworthiness because there are no causal inferences abou.
According to article Insecure Policing Under Racial Capitalism by.docxmakdul
According to article "Insecure: Policing Under Racial Capitalism" by Robin D.G. Kelley and the article "Yes, We Mean Literally Abolish the Police" by Mariame Kaba, the police are no longer an attribute of safety and security. The facts that are given in the articles are similar within the meaning of the content. The police do not serve for the benefit of the whole community. Racial and class division according to social status became the basis of lawlessness and injustice on the part of the police. Kaaba in his article cites several stories confirming the racial hatred that led to the murder of African Americans. After that, people massively took to the streets of many cities in several countries, demanding an end to racial discrimination and the murder of African Americans. Kelley's article describes numerous manifestos where demands for police abolition have been raised, but all have been rejected. In the protests, people suggested that they themselves would take care of each other, which the police could not do. I understand that the police system is far from ideal and the permissiveness of police representatives should be limited. Ruth Wilson Gilmore says that "capitalism is never racial." I think that this phrase she wants to say that the stronger people take away from the weak people and use them for their own well-being. And since the roots of history go back to slavery, then African Americans are the weak link. In this regard, a huge number of prisons and police power appeared. The common and small class do not feel protected, on the contrary; they expect a threat from people who must protect them. The police take an oath to respect and protect human and civil rights and freedoms, regardless of skin color and social status. If this does not happen, then you need to change the system.
.
Abstract In this experiment, examining the equivalence poi.docxmakdul
Abstract:
In this experiment, examining the equivalence point in a titration with NaOH identified an
unknown diprotic acid. The molar mass of the unknown was found to be 100.78 g/mol with pKa
values of 2.6 and 6.6. The closest diprotic acid to this molar mass is malonic acid with a percent
error of 3.48%.
Introduction:
The purpose of the experiment was to determine the identity of an unknown diprotic acid. The
equivalence and half-equivalence points on the titration curve give important information, which
can then be used to calculate the molecular weight of the acid. The equivalence point is the
moment when there is an equal amount of acid and NaOH. Knowing the concentration and
volume of added NaOH at that moment, the amount of moles of NaOH can be determined. The
amount of moles of NaOH is then equivalent to the amount of acid present. Dividing the original
mass of the acid by the moles present gave the molar mass of the acid.
In this particular titration, there were two equivalence points as the acid is diprotic.
Consequently, the titration curve had two inflection points. The acid dissociated in a two-step
process with the net reaction being:
H2X + 2 NaOH Na2X + 2 H2O
This was important to take into consideration when calculating the molar mass of the diprotic
acid. If the first equivalence point was to be used, the ratio of acid to NaOH was 1:1. If the
second equivalence point was used in the calculations, the ratio became 1:2 as now a second
set of NaOH molecules reacted with the acid to dissociate the second hydrogen ion. The
titration curve also showed the pKa values of the acid. This happened at the half-equivalence
point where half of the acid was dissociated to its conjugate base (again, because of the diprotic
properties of the acid, this happens twice on the curve). The Henderson Hasselbalch equation
pH = pKa+log(A-/HA)
shows that at the half-equivalence point, the pKa value equaled the pH and was visually
represented by the flattest part of the graphs.
Discussion:
The titration graph showed that the data was consistent with the methodology and proved to be
an precise execution of the procedure and followed the expected shape. One possible source of
error was the actual mass of the acid solid. While transferring the dust from the weigh boat to
the solution, some remained in the weigh boat this could have altered the molar mass
calculations and shifted the final the final mass lighter than actual.
The Vernier pH method was definitely a much more concrete method of interpreting the results.
It was possible to see which addition of NaOH gave the greatest increase in pH ( greatest 1st
derivative of the titration graph). The relying solely on the indicator color would make it very
difficult to judge at which precise point the color shifted most, as the shift was a lot more gradual
compared to the precise numbers. This may have been a more reliable method if there was a
de.
ACC 403- ASSIGNMENT 2 RUBRIC!!!
Points: 280
Assignment 2: Audit Planning and Control
Criteria
UnacceptableBelow 60% F
Meets Minimum Expectations60-69% D
Fair70-79% C
Proficient80-89% B
Exemplary90-100% A
1. Outline the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Based upon the type of company selected, provide specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program.
Weight: 15%
Did not submit or incompletely outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Did not submit or incompletely provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
Insufficiently outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Insufficiently provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
Partially outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Partially provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
Satisfactorily outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Satisfactorily provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
Thoroughly outlined the critical steps inherent in planning an audit and designing an effective audit program. Thoroughly provided specific details of the actions that the company should undertake during planning and designing the audit program, based upon the type of company selected.
2. Examine at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests to perform. Identify the accounts that you would test, and select at least three (3) analytical procedures that you would use in your audit.
Weight: 15%
Did not submit or incompletely examined at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests to perform. Did not submit or incompletely identified the accounts that you would test; did not submit or incompletely selected at least three (3) analytical procedures that you would use in your audit.
Insufficiently examined at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests to perform. Insufficiently identified the accounts that you would test; insufficiently selected at least three (3) analytical procedures that you would use in your audit.
Partially examined at least two (2) performance ratios that you would use in order to determine which analytical tests .
ACC 601 Managerial Accounting Group Case 3 (160 points) .docxmakdul
ACC 601 Managerial Accounting
Group Case 3 (160 points)
Instructions:
1. As a group, complete the following activities in good form. Use excel or
word only. Provide all supporting calculations to show how you arrived at
your numbers
2. Add only the names of group members who participated in the completion
of this assignment.
3. Submit only one copy of your completed work via Moodle. Do not send it to
me by email.
4. Due: No later than the last day of Module 7. Please note that your professor
has the right to change the due date of this assignment.
Part A: Capital Budgeting Decisions
Chee Company has gathered the following data on a proposed investment project:
Investment required in equipment ............. $240,000
Annual cash inflows .................................. $50,000
Salvage value ............................................ $0
Life of the investment ............................... 8 years
Required rate of return .............................. 10%
Assets will be depreciated using straight
line depreciation method
Required:
Using the net present value and the internal rate of return methods, is this a good investment?
Part B: Master Budget
You have just been hired as a new management trainee by Earrings Unlimited, a distributor of
earrings to various retail outlets located in shopping malls across the country. In the past, the
company has done very little in the way of budgeting and at certain times of the year has
experienced a shortage of cash. Since you are well trained in budgeting, you have decided to
prepare a master budget for the upcoming second quarter. To this end, you have worked with
accounting and other areas to gather the information assembled below.
The company sells many styles of earrings, but all are sold for the same price—$10 per pair. Actual
sales of earrings for the last three months and budgeted sales for the next six months follow (in pairs
of earrings):
January (actual) 20,000 June (budget) 50,000
February (actual) 26,000 July (budget) 30,000
March (actual) 40,000 August (budget) 28,000
April (budget) 65,000 September (budget) 25,000
May (budget) 100,000
The concentration of sales before and during May is due to Mother’s Day. Sufficient inventory should
be on hand at the end of each month to supply 40% of the earrings sold in the following month.
Suppliers are paid $4 for a pair of earrings. One-half of a month’s purchases is paid for in the month
of purchase; the other half is paid for in the following month. All sales are on credit. Only 20% of a
month’s sales are collected in the month of sale. An additional 70% is collected in the following
month, and the remaining 10% is collected in the second month following sale. Bad debts have been
negligible.
Monthly operating expenses for the company are given below:
Variable:
Sales commissions 4 % of sales
.
Academic Integrity A Letter to My Students[1] Bill T.docxmakdul
Academic Integrity:
A Letter to My Students[1]
Bill Taylor
Professor of Political Science
Oakton Community College
Des Plaines, IL 60016
[email protected]
Here at the beginning of the semester I want to say something to you about academic integrity.[2]
I’m deeply convinced that integrity is an essential part of any true educational experience, integrity on
my part as a faculty member and integrity on your part as a student.
To take an easy example, would you want to be operated on by a doctor who cheated his way through
medical school? Or would you feel comfortable on a bridge designed by an engineer who cheated her
way through engineering school. Would you trust your tax return to an accountant who copied his
exam answers from his neighbor?
Those are easy examples, but what difference does it make if you as a student or I as a faculty member
violate the principles of academic integrity in a political science course, especially if it’s not in your
major?
For me, the answer is that integrity is important in this course precisely because integrity is important in
all areas of life. If we don’t have integrity in the small things, if we find it possible to justify plagiarism or
cheating or shoddy work in things that don’t seem important, how will we resist doing the same in areas
that really do matter, in areas where money might be at stake, or the possibility of advancement, or our
esteem in the eyes of others?
Personal integrity is not a quality we’re born to naturally. It’s a quality of character we need to nurture,
and this requires practice in both meanings of that word (as in practice the piano and practice a
profession). We can only be a person of integrity if we practice it every day.
What does that involve for each of us in this course? Let’s find out by going through each stage in the
course. As you’ll see, academic integrity basically requires the same things of you as a student as it
requires of me as a teacher.
I. Preparation for Class
What Academic Integrity Requires of Me in This Area
With regard to coming prepared for class, the principles of academic integrity require that I come having
done the things necessary to make the class a worthwhile educational experience for you. This requires
that I:
reread the text (even when I’ve written it myself),
clarify information I might not be clear about,
prepare the class with an eye toward what is current today (that is, not simply rely on past
notes), and
plan the session so that it will make it worth your while to be there.
What Academic Integrity Requires of You in This Area
With regard to coming prepared for class, the principles of academic integrity suggest that you have a
responsibility to yourself, to me, and to the other students to do the things necessary to put yourself in
a position to make fruitful contributions to class discussion. This will require you to:
read the text before.
Access the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) Nu.docxmakdul
Access the Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s)
“Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity: Data, Trends and Maps”
database. Choose a state other than your home state and compare their health status and associated behaviors. What behaviors lead to the current obesity status?
Initial discussion post should be approximately 300 words. Any sources used should be cited in APA format.
.
According to DSM 5 This patient had very many symptoms that sugg.docxmakdul
According to DSM 5 This patient had very many symptoms that suggested Major Depressive Disorder.
Objective(s)
Analyze psychometric properties of assessment tools
Evaluate appropriate use of assessment tools in psychotherapy
Compare assessment tools used in psychotherapy
.
Acceptable concerts include professional orchestras, soloists, jazz,.docxmakdul
Acceptable concerts include professional orchestras, soloists, jazz, Broadway musicals and instrumental or vocal ensembles, and comparable college or community groups performing music relevant to the content of this class. (Optionally, either your concert report
or
your concert review - but not both unless advance permission is given - may be based on a concert of non-western music selected from events on the concert list.)
Acceptable concerts include the following:
• Symphony orchestras • Concert bands and wind ensembles • Chamber Music (string quartets, brass and woodwind quintets, etc.) • Solo recitals (piano, voice, etc.) • Choral concerts • Early music concerts • Non-western music • Some jazz concerts • Opera• Broadway Musicals• Flamenco• Ballet• Tango
Assignment Format
The following are required on the concert review assignment and, thus, may affect your grade.
• Must be typed• Must be double-spaced• Must be between
2 and 4 pages
in length
not including the cover sheet
.• Must use conventional size and formatting of text - e.g. 10-12 point serif or sans serif fonts with normal margins. • Must include the printed program from the concert and/or your ticket stubs. Photocopies are unacceptable. (Contact me at least 24 hours before due date if any materials are unavailable.)• All materials (text, program, ticket stub) must be
stapled
together securely. Folded corners, paper clips, etc. instead of staples will not be accepted.• Careful editing, proofreading, and spelling are expected, although minor errors will not affect your grade.
Papers that do not follow these format guidelines may be returned for resubmission, and late penalties will apply.
Concert Review Assignment Content
I. Cover Sheet:
Include the following on a cover sheet attached to the front of your review:
• Title or other description of the event/performers you heard, along with the date and location of the performance. For example:
New World Symphony Orchestra
1258 Lincoln Road
Saturday, June 5, 2013
Lincoln Road Theater, Miami Beach
• Your name, assignment submission date, course. For example:
Pat Romero
October 31, 2013
Humanities 1020 MWF 8:05 a.m.
II. Descriptions
The main body of the concert review should include brief discussions of
three of the
pieces
in the concert you attend. In most cases, a single paragraph for each piece should be sufficient, although you may wish to break descriptions of longer pieces into separate short paragraphs, one per movement.
Your description of each piece (song) should include:
• The title of the piece and the composer's name if possible, as listed in the concert program.• A brief description of your reaction to the piece. For example:
When the piece started I thought it was going to be slow and boring, but the faster section in the first movement made it more exciting. A really great flute solo full of fast and high notes in the third movement caught my attention. I'm not sure, but I thought that som.
ACA was passed in 2010, under the presidency of Barack Obama. Pr.docxmakdul
ACA was passed in 2010, under the presidency of Barack Obama. Prior to this new act, there were plenty of votes that did not agree with the notion of accessible insurance. Before 2010, The private sector had been given coverage in such a way that Milstead and Short (2019) called it sickness insurance; meaning companies will risk incurring medical expenses as long as it was balanced by healthy people. They were doing so by excluding people that had pre-existing conditions, becoming a very solvent business (Milstead & Short, 2019). After ACA was passed that was no longer the case. When President Trump came into term he did so by bringing his own healthcare agenda, which attempted to repeal ACA, but ultimately failed to come up with a replacement.
In 2016, the Republican's party platform was to repeal ACA, while continuing Medicare and Medicaid, but on the other hand, democrats put down that Obamacare is a step towards the goals of universal health care, and that this was just the beginning (Physicians for a National Health Program, n.d.). As for the cost analysis of repealing the Affordable Care Act, this would increase the number of uninsured people by 23 million, and it will cost about 350 billion through 2027, as well as creating costly coverage provisions to replace it (Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, 2017).
(2 references required)
.
Access the FASB website. Once you login, click the FASB Accounting S.docxmakdul
Access the FASB website. Once you login, click the FASB Accounting Standards Codification link. Review the materials in the FASB Codification, especially the links on the left side column. Next, write a 1-page memo to a friend introducing and explaining this new accounting research resource that you have found. Provide at least one APA citation to the FASB Codification and reference that citation using the APA guidelines.
.
Academic Paper Overview This performance task was intended to asse.docxmakdul
This document provides an overview of an academic paper performance task intended to assess students' ability to conduct scholarly research, articulate an evidence-based argument, and effectively communicate a conclusion. Specifically, the performance task evaluates students' capacity to generate a focused research question, explore relationships between multiple scholarly works, develop and support their own argument using relevant evidence, and integrate sources while distinguishing their own voice.
Academic Research Team Project PaperCOVID-19 Open Research Datas.docxmakdul
Academic Research Team Project Paper
COVID-19 Open Research Dataset Challenge (CORD-19)
An AI challenge with AI2, CZI, MSR, Georgetown, NIH & The White House
(1) FULL-LENGTH PROJECT
Dataset Description
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the White House and a coalition of leading research groups have prepared the COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD-19). CORD-19 is a resource of over 44,000 scholarly articles, including over 29,000 with full text, about COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and related corona viruses. This freely available dataset is provided to the global research community to apply recent advances in natural language processing and other AI techniques to generate new insights in support of the ongoing fight against this infectious disease. There is a growing urgency for these approaches because of the rapid acceleration in new coronavirus literature, making it difficult for the medical research community to keep up.
Call to Action
We are issuing a call to action to the world's artificial intelligence experts to develop text and data mining tools that can help the medical community develop answers to high priority scientific questions. The CORD-19 dataset represents the most extensive machine-readable coronavirus literature collection available for data mining to date. This allows the worldwide AI research community the opportunity to apply text and data mining approaches to find answers to questions within, and connect insights across, this content in support of the ongoing COVID-19 response efforts worldwide. There is a growing urgency for these approaches because of the rapid increase in coronavirus literature, making it difficult for the medical community to keep up.
A list of our initial key questions can be found under the
Tasks
section of this dataset. These key scientific questions are drawn from the NASEM’s SCIED (National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine’s Standing Committee on Emerging Infectious Diseases and 21st Century Health Threats)
research topics
and the World Health Organization’s
R&D Blueprint
for COVID-19.
Many of these questions are suitable for text mining, and we encourage researchers to develop text mining tools to provide insights on these questions.
In this project, you will follow your own interests to create a portfolio worthy single-frame viz or multi-frame data story that will be shared in your presentation. You will use all the skills taught in this course to complete this project step-by-step, with guidance from your instructors along the way. You will first create a project proposal to identify your goals for the project, including the question you wish to answer or explore with data. You will then find data that will provide the information you are seeking. You will then import that data into Tableau and prepare it for analysis. Next, you will create a dashboard that will allow you to explore the data in-depth and identify meaningful insights. You will then give structure .
AbstractVoice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an advanced t.docxmakdul
Abstract
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an advanced telecommunication technology which transfers the voice/video over
high speed network that provides advantages of flexibility, reliability and cost efficient advanced telecommunication
features. Still the issues related to security are averting many organizations to accept VoIP cloud environment due to
security threats, holes or vulnerabilities. So, the novel secured framework is absolutely necessary to prevent all kind of
VoIP security issues. This paper points out the existing VoIP cloud architecture and various security attacks and issues
in the existing framework. It also presents the defense mechanisms to prevent the attacks and proposes a new security
framework called Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) using video watermarking and extraction technique and Liveness
Voice Detection (LVD) technique with biometric features such as face and voice. IPSs updated with new LVD features
protect the VoIP services not only from attacks but also from misuses.
A Comprehensive Survey of Security Issues and
Defense Framework for VoIP Cloud
Ashutosh Satapathy* and L. M. Jenila Livingston
School of Computing Science and Engineering, VIT University, Chennai - 600127, Tamil Nadu, India;
[email protected], [email protected]
Keywords: Defense Mechanisms, Liveness Voice Detection, VoIP Cloud, Voice over Internet Protocol, VoIP Security Issues
1. Introduction
The rapid progress of VoIP over traditional services is
led to a situation that is common to many innovations
and new technologies such as VoIP cloud and peer to
peer services like Skype, Google Hangout etc. VoIP is the
technology that supports sending voice (and video) over
an Internet protocol-based network1,2. This is completely
different than the public circuit-switched telephone net-
work. Circuit switching network allocates resources to
each individual call and path is permanent throughout
the call from start to end. Traditional telephony services
are provided by the protocols/components such as SS7, T
carriers, Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS), the Public
Switch Telephone Network (PSTN), dial up, local loops
and anything under International Telecommunication
Union. IP networks are based on packet switching and
each packet follows different path, has its own header and
is forwarded separately by routers. VoIP network can be
constructed in various ways by using both proprietary
protocols and protocols based on open standards.
1.1 VoIP Layer Architecture
VoIP communication system typically consist of a front
end platform (soft-phone, PBX, gateway, call manager),
back end platform (server, CPU, storage, memory, net-
work) and intermediate platforms such as VoIP protocols,
database, authentication server, web server, operating sys-
tems etc. It is mainly divided into five layers as shown in
Figure1.
1.2 VoIP Cloud Architecture
VoIP cloud is the framework for delivering telephony
services in which resourc.
This study examined a problem, used a particular method to do so, and found results that were interpreted. It concluded by recommending future research on the topic.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Find out more about ISO training and certification services
Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
ISO/IEC 42001 Artificial Intelligence Management System - EN | PECB
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) - Training Courses - EN | PECB
Webinars: https://pecb.com/webinars
Article: https://pecb.com/article
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Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/PECBCERTIFICATION
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
Q1 Why have ethics and social responsibility become so important .docx
1. Q1: Why have ethics and social responsibility become so
important in recent years? Why is it important that marketing
ethics be incorporated into the firm’s strategic plan?
Marketing ethics and social responsibility are considered to be
very important and critical in the implementation of strategic
planning in any organization. Frequently issues related to ethics
and social responsibility arise in organizations and depending
on the weight of such issues some firms have developed a
negative public reputation that eventually affected their
profitability with some being destroyed completely. Hence
firms are laying more emphasis on ethical conduct as an
important pillar within their strategic market planning with an
intention of enhancing the customer relationships through
enhanced trust. A firm’s ethics and social responsibility closely
relate to changes in government laws and stakeholder demands.
Overall established ethics and social responsibility is a plus for
any firm because it improves profits and the company’s
marketing performance. Notably marketing ethics are not
attained by employing ethical people but rely on a well-defined
and compliance program that must be initiated and implemented
by the firm’s managers.
Hence customer demands and growing regulations in business
have necessitated that firms have marketing ethics and social
responsibility framework from where they can operate. This is
most suitably integrated into the strategic market planning
process. History reveals organizations that were adversely
affected because they engaged in ethical misconduct.
Comparatively recovering from poor performance is far easier
for any firm than recovering from ethical misconduct. Ethical
misconduct has far reaching consequences that touch on the
reputation of the organization. This directly affects the
activities of a firm and has adverse effect on its profitability.
Apart from losing out on the direct customers, a firm may also
lose out on indirect partners who get a negative perception of
2. the organization through the media and public opinion. There
have been known cases where such issues resulted in aggressive
campaigns and product boycotts leading to low sales and
earnings.
Q2: Draw, label, and explain the pyramid of social
responsibility. What are the requirements for a firm if it truly
wants to be ethical and socially responsible?
The social responsibility pyramid consists of four dimensions
that include the legal, ethical, economic and philanthropic. The
economic dimension suggests that organizations have a
responsibility to their shareholders. These shareholders are
particular about the organization’s relationship with its
stakeholders and this affects the firm’s reputation. This is
associated with the organization’s earnings that are related to
the shareholders investment. Economic responsibility will also
enhance the organization’s environment in terms of increased
income and employment whenever the organization operates
profitably.
Whereas laws and regulations within an organization’s
environment are important and sometimes change so often,
marketers are obligated to abide by these regulations and laws.
Generally economic and legal responsibilities are the two basic
and most important obligations for any organization. Since they
lay the foundation on which the organization can have a
sustainable social responsibility, they must be carefully
established so that the organization can grow and also serve the
ethical and philanthropic dimensions.
Marketing ethics are the principles that a firm puts in place to
define acceptable marketing practices as stipulated by other
regulators such as government, competitors, and the public and
private interest groups. Marketing ethics are nothing but a set of
laws and regulations controlling the way the organization is
expected to carry on its activities according to society’s
expectations. Therefore marketing ethics aim at the
organization making ethical decisions that go beyond the legal
responsibilities. Such decisions are intended to enhance trust
3. that is important in the establishment of strategic marketing
relationships.
According to the philanthropic dimension, the organization
focuses on ways of increasing its positive effect to the
community, society and environment. This is intended to enable
the firm attain goodwill from the society that also increases the
firm’s profitability. Generally organizations align their brand
and marketing image with their philanthropic dimension. Hence
it is expected that in times of natural disasters or during
economic difficulties such organizations can effectively display
their philanthropic dimension. Because of the power associated
with positive social responsibility behavior, a firm’s
philanthropic dimension becomes a very powerful marketing
tool. Since this is always visible to the public, it paints the
organization in positive light and hence has the capacity to
endear the customers, community and employees to the
organization’s products or services.
Q2: Discuss the different views or interpretations of marketing
as a function of business, including the AMA’s 2007 change in
the definition of marketing. Why do you think the AMA
changed the definition?
To many people marketing is nothing more than a function of
business. As such marketing is viewed as a function whose
main objective is to connect the business and its clients.
Marketers however have a different perception of marketing and
look at it as a management of the flow of products from one
point to the other. These points being invariably the point of
origin to that where the product is consumed. Furthermore
marketing has also been viewed as a means to satisfy social and
human needs. Based on this understanding marketing can be
closely linked to the standard of living because it affects the
social well-being through enhanced consumption. According to
AMA marketing must reflect the competition at the marketplace
by focusing on the customer relationships and value. With an
emphasis being placed on the long term relationships this latter
view is a departure from the former view that only focused on
4. the transactions.
Q3: Briefly explain and discuss the five types of utility. Which
type(s) of utility is(are) the most important and why?
The five types of utility include:
a) Place: In this type the products are available where the
customers want them. Hence the products are available at the
right moment and the customer is also available right there at
the place at that moment.
b) Time: In this type the products are available when the
customers want them.
c) Form: In this type the products possess features that give
them a competitive advantage making them stand out against
competition.
d) Psychological: In this type the products are attractive to the
customers and are appealing to their realistic expectations. If a
product doesn’t have any negative realistic expectations such is
considered to offer exceptional psychological utility
e) Possession: This type of utility highlights the transfer of
ownership between the seller and customer. Since the seller
makes it easier for the customer to own the product, it follows
that products with high possession utility are most satisfying.
Generally these five utility types are important in ensuring that
a product is well marketed and these in a way supplement each
other in ensuring that the product satisfies a desired market
need.
Q4: Describe the role that a code of conduct plays in ensuring
ethical compliance within a firm. How should a code of conduct
be developed, what should it contain, and what are the keys to
ensuring that the code is successfully implemented?
Many organizations start by developing codes of conduct as an
introduction to the process of launching an organizational ethics
5. program. This code of ethics is a formal documentation that
defines what the organization expects its employees to do in
certain situations. Most firms have been found to have a formal
code of conduct that may include ethical policy statements,
business process guidelines, and code of ethics. These codes
cover several areas like financial disclosure practices, sales
presentations and in-house operations of the organization.
Typically the code of ethics will highlight five to seven main
areas. These are also called core values that are considered to
be important and desirable for enhancing ethical conduct within
any organization. These values will include fairness,
responsibility, respect, trustworthiness, caring and citizenship.
Management support in terms of training and distribution are
necessary in ensuring that these values are entrenched within
the organization’s culture. By using specific example the
management can effectively implement these values within their
organizations.
Although an organization may have a perfect code of ethics in
place, this is not to say that such an organization will not face
any ethical issues arising. However, the managers in such a
situation have a general point of reference in the organization’s
code of ethics that can be used to suggest and in certain cases
dissuade certain action. The biggest undoing for most
organizations is that their codes of conduct are not effectively
communicated to the employees. As such most of the issues
arise out of ill-informed cases. Even where the code of conduct
has been made available and accessible by all employees there
is a greater need to enforce it so that the employees have a
standardized outlook all matters related to their ethical conduct
within the organization. A desirable code of ethics must be one
that enables the employee to shun unethical behavior and
improve his or her ethical decision making process. Such a
document can provide guidelines that will assist the employee
to attain the ethical objectives of the organization.
Q5: Discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with
planning and developing marketing strategy in today’s
6. economy. Why is marketing strategy both exciting and
challenging?
Change is the most notable challenge as well as opportunity in
marketing. The effect of change is such that it affects
customers, competitors and even organizations. Although
change is a great challenge it also provides the greatest
opportunity for marketing. Change makes marketing most
rewarding and fulfilling whenever the marketer adopts the right
marketing strategy. Marketing strategy more so focuses on
people (people-driven) where the process looks at ways of
delivering unique value by fulfilling the unique needs of people.
In this case the people here may include shareholders,
customers, and the society. The strategy must also be capable of
addressing the needs of the organization itself.
Definitely with continual change and the fact that marketing is
people driven, there is bound to be a challenge in developing
and implementing a market strategy. Since these factors are
often highly unpredictable there is always likelihood that even
where the marketing strategy is perfect the process can still fail.
Since there are virtually no rules of marketing in specific
situations predictability remains a great challenge. Hence
hypothetical scenarios cannot be effectively used to infer any
predictable results. There is no practically way to ascertain the
product, price, distribution and promotion given certain factors
because the success of such a marketing approach cannot be
guaranteed. Therefore as the development of a marketing
strategy focuses on a whole lot of unpredictable issues as
mentioned here, it is an intriguing subject of study.
Q5: What is the relationship among marketing ethics, strategic
planning, and organizational performance? How is being market
oriented different than having a stakeholder orientation?
The foreseen benefits of including social responsibility and
ethics in strategic planning process points to the fact that these
aspects are responsible for enhanced business environment and
7. market performance that involves the stakeholders. As such the
demands for a more fulfilling relationship with customers is
more felt where the employees are guided by an ethical code of
conduct. Hence positive ethical climate within organizations
has been associated with employee’s commitment to quality and
trust. Further social responsibility has been directly associated
with customer loyalty, employee commitment and profitability.
Therefore it is no wonder that an ethical climate is responsible
for the establishment of a favorable and competitive edge within
a firm.
Market orientation entails developing an organizational culture
that promotes value for customers thereby enhancing the
organization’s profitability. Marketing ethics also positively
affects market orientation. By placing the customer’s
requirements first an ethical climate also ensures that the
stakeholders’ interests are also effectively addressed. A
positive market orientation approach is therefore one where the
firm sustains a desirable cooperation and shares information
that enables it to have a better view of its customer’s needs.
Stakeholder orientation is the degree to which an organization
addresses stakeholders’ demands. Hence the stakeholders’
orientation will include a comprehensive collection of
stakeholder data with the aim of analyzing how the organization
affects the stakeholders’ activities, distributing information
throughout the organization and organizing responsiveness in
relation to the information gathered.
Stakeholder orientation as a process is accomplished in varying
levels for different firms. Whereas the basis is an assessment of
the extent to which the organization responds to after it
generates and disperses information related to stakeholders, the
degree of such responsiveness may vary between stakeholders
based on the amount of intelligence that has been gathered for
every stakeholder. As such a firm can respond more to one
stakeholder as compared to another because of the amount of
information it gathers for each stakeholder respectively.
Q1: “Analysis alone is not a solution” is an important piece of
8. advice to keep in mind during a situation analysis. What does
this phrase mean? If analysis alone is not a solution, what other
considerations are relevant during a situation analysis?
Although an analysis on its own is not sufficient,
comprehensive situational analysis is important for better
planning and decision making. Effective strategic planning will
however require more than situational analysis and rely on
intuition and appropriate judgment. Therefore situation
analysis must supplement the manager’s decision making
process and not act as a replacement of the decision maker.
Within this context the situation analysis enables a manager to
break down a complex situation into simple manageable parts.
Within the marketing context the breaking down of situations
into simple manageable parts will help the marketer to
understand why products, organizations and people perform as
they do.
Q2: Identify and explain each element of the 5W model for
customer analysis. What role does this analysis play in an
overall situation analysis?
The important aspects of a customer environment analysis
process include the following:
a) Current and prospective customers
b) Needs of both current and potential customers
c) Competitor features and the products that customers perceive
as meeting their needs
d) Expected changes relating to customer needs
Who are our current and prospective customers?
In order to answer the ‘who’ question there must be an analysis
of the target market. Demographic, psychographic and
geographic characteristics must be determined.
What do customers do with our products?
Helps to evaluate how the firm’s customers consume and what
they do with the company’s products.
Where do customers purchase our products?
Helps the marketer to understand distribution and customer
convenience aspects of the product.
9. When do customers purchase our products?
The seasonality of the firm’s goods or services can be assessed
using this question. Hence any influence that affects the
customer’s purchasing of the goods will be identified with this
question.
Why (and how) do customers select our products?
Enables the marketer to detect the main need-satisfying benefits
associated with the organization’s products.
Q3: Identify and discuss at least five reasons why potential
customers do not purchase a firm’s goods or services. For each
reason, discuss ways that the firm can overcome the resistance
of noncustomers
There are various reasons why a customer may not purchase an
organization’s product.
They may include the following:
1) Product cannot fulfill the customer’s basic need
2) Ineffective distribution of the product
3) The product is not matching the noncustomer’s budget
4) The product is not matching the noncustomer’s lifestyle
5) Noncustomers’ misconception about the product
6) Noncustomers are unaware that the product exists
Q5: Identify and discuss the challenges involved in collecting
environmental data and information. How can a marketing
manager or analyst overcome these problems?
Various challenges are associated with the data collection
process. Among the main challenges include the following:
a) Inaccurate or inadequate assessment of the situation under
study. The area of study must be accurately defined before data
collection can commence. Sometimes the researcher or manager
may encounter a situation of excessive information where the
area of study has not been clearly defined.
b) Sometimes the expenses of collecting data can be prohibitive.
However the internet has substantially reduced this challenge
with the exception for cases that require primary data sourcing
c) With regard to primary data collection the time factor may
also be a greater challenge. However where the study relies on
10. secondary data sources this can be overcome by use of readily
available and authenticated sources from the internet
d) Where the manager encounters information overload it may
be difficult to effectively categorize such information in order
to satisfy the need for the research. A lack of knowledge on
suitable tools like SWOT that the manager can use to
effectively classify the data can also pose some challenge
during the research process.
ESSAY
1. The text discusses seven challenges and opportunities
associated with marketing in today’s economy. Identify these
issues and discuss how they are related. What is the common
thread that ties all seven issues together?
ANS:
The seven issues are:
1. Power Shift to Customers
2. Massive Increase in Product Selection
3. Audience and Media Fragmentation
4. Changing Value Propositions
5. Shifting Demand Patterns
6. Privacy, Security, and Ethical Concerns
7. Unclear Legal Jurisdiction
The common thread that ties these issues together is the
increase in information and choices made available by the
Internet.
2. Discuss the different views or interpretations of
11. marketing as a function of business, including the AMA’s 2007
change in the definition of marketing. Why do you think the
AMA changed the definition?
ANS:
Many people, especially those not employed in marketing, see
marketing as a function of business. As a business function, the
goal of marketing is to connect the organization to its
customers. Other individuals, particularly those working in
marketing jobs, tend to see marketing as a process of managing
the flow of products from the point of conception to the point of
consumption. A final way to think about marketing relates to
meeting human and social needs. This broad view links
marketing with our standard of living, not only in terms of
enhanced consumption and prosperity but also in terms of
society’s well-being.
The AMA changed the definition of marketing to better reflect
the realities of competing in today’s marketplace. The new
definition stresses two critical success factors in marketing
today: value and customer relationships. Whereas the former
definition of marketing had a decidedly transactional focus, the
new definition emphasizes long-term relationships that provide
value for both customers and the firm.
3. Briefly explain and discuss the five types of utility.
Which type(s) of utility is(are) the most important and why?
ANS:
The five types of utility are:
1. FormUtility—Products high in form utility have attributes
or features that set them apart from the competition.
2. TimeUtility—Products high in time utility are available
12. when customers want them.
3. PlaceUtility—Products high in place utility are available
where customers want them, which is typically wherever the
customer happens to be at that moment or where the product
needs to be at that moment.
4. PossessionUtility—Possession utility deals with the transfer
of ownership or title from marketer to customer. Products
higher in possession utility are more satisfying because
marketers make them easier to acquire.
5. PsychologicalUtility—Products high in psychological utility
deliver positive experiential or psychological attributes that
customers find satisfying. Conversely, a product might offer
exceptional psychological utility because it lacks negative
experiential or psychological attributes.
One type of utility is not necessarily more important than the
others. In reality, all five types are complementary and overlap
to a great degree. One could argue that form utility is the most
important, however, because customers tend to choose products
that offer certain features. For routinely purchased products
(gasoline, bread), time and place utility are likely to be more
important. For unique types of products (vacations, luxury
goods), psychological utility might be relatively more
important.
4- Discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with
planning and developing marketing strategy in today’s
economy. Why is marketing strategy both exciting and
challenging?
ANS:
One of the greatest frustrations and opportunities in marketing
is change—customers change, competitors change, and even the
marketing organization changes. Strategies that are highly
successful today will not work tomorrow. Customers will buy
13. products today that they will have no interest in tomorrow.
These are truisms in marketing. Although frustrating, challenges
like these also make marketing extremely interesting and
rewarding. Another fact about marketing strategy is that it is
inherently people driven. Marketing strategy is about people
(inside an organization) trying to find ways to deliver
exceptional value by fulfilling the needs and wants of other
people (customers, shareholders, business partners, society at
large), as well as the needs of the organization itself.
The combination of continual change and the people-driven
nature of marketing makes developing and implementing
marketing strategy a challenging task. A perfect strategy that is
executed perfectly can still fail. This happens because there are
very few rules for how to do marketing in specific situations. In
other words, it is impossible to say that given “this customer
need” and these “competitors” and this “level of government
regulation” that Product A, Price B, Promotion C, and
Distribution D should be used. Marketing simply doesn’t work
that way. The lack of rules and the ever-changing economic,
sociocultural, competitive, technological, and political/legal
landscapes make marketing strategy a terribly fascinating
subject.
5-. Why have ethics and social responsibility become so
important in recent years? Why is it important that marketing
ethics be incorporated into the firm’s strategic plan?
ANS:
The importance of marketing ethics and social responsibility
has grown in recent years, and their role in the strategic
planning process has become even more important as many
firms have seen their images, reputations, and marketing efforts
destroyed by problems in these areas. The failure to see ethical
14. conduct as part of strategic market planning can destroy the
trust and customer relationships that are necessary for success.
Ethics and social responsibility are also necessary in light of
stakeholder demands and changes in federal law. Furthermore,
ethical and socially responsible behavior improves marketing
performance and profits. Marketing ethics does not just happen
by hiring ethical people; it requires implementation of an
effective ethics and compliance program.
In response to customer demands, along with the threat of
increased regulation, more and more firms have incorporated
ethics and social responsibility into the strategic marketing
planning process. Any organization’s reputation can be damaged
by poor performance or ethical misconduct. However, it is much
easier to recover from poor marketing performance than from
ethical misconduct. Obviously, stakeholders who are most
directly affected by negative events will have a corresponding
shift in their perceptions of a firm’s reputation. On the other
hand, even those indirectly connected to negative events can
shift their reputation attributions. In many cases, those
indirectly connected to the negative events may be more
influenced by the news media or general public opinion than
those who are directly connected to an organization. Some
scandals may lead to boycotts and aggressive campaigns to
dampen sales and earnings.
6- Draw, label, and explain the pyramid of social
responsibility. What are the requirements for a firm if it truly
wants to be ethical and socially responsible?
ANS:
The pyramid of social responsibility consists of four dimensions
or responsibilities: economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic.
From an economic perspective, all firms must be responsible to
15. their shareholders, who have a keen interest in stakeholder
relationships that influence reputation of the firm and, of
course, earning a return on their investment. The economic
responsibility of making a profit also serves employees and the
community at large due to its impact on employment and
income levels in the area that the firm calls home.
Marketers also have expectations, at a minimum, to obey laws
and regulations. This is a challenge because the legal and
regulatory environment is hard to navigate and interpretations
of the law change frequently. Economic and legal concerns are
the most basic levels of social responsibility for good reason:
Without them, the firm may not survive long enough to engage
in ethical or philanthropic activities.
At the next level of the pyramid, marketing ethics refers to
principles and standards that define acceptable marketing
conduct as determined by the public, government regulators,
private-interest groups, competitors, and the firm itself. The
most basic of these principles have been codified as laws and
regulations to induce marketers to conform to society’s
expectations of conduct. However, it is important to understand
that marketing ethics goes beyond legal issues: Ethical
marketing decisions foster trust, which helps build long-term
marketing relationships.
In terms of philanthropy, firms that choose to take these extra
steps concern themselves with increasing their overall positive
impact on society, their local communities, and the
environment, with the bottom line of increased goodwill toward
the firm, as well as increased profits. Many firms try hard to
align their philanthropy with marketing and brand image.
During major crises, like Hurricane Katrina or the more recent
financial meltdown, firms are given an opportunity to make
their philanthropic programs more responsive and visible to the
public. Socially responsible behavior is not only good for
16. customers, employees, and the community, but it also makes
good business sense. For this reason, philanthropic activities
make very good marketing tools. Thinking of corporate
philanthropy as a marketing tool may seem cynical, but it points
out the reality that philanthropy can be very good for a firm.
7- Describe the role that a code of conduct plays in ensuring
ethical compliance within a firm. How should a code of conduct
be developed, what should it contain, and what are the keys to
ensuring that the code is successfully implemented?
ANS:
Most firms begin the process of establishing organizational
ethics programs by developing codes of conduct (also called
codes of ethics), which are formal statements that describe what
an organization expects of its employees. According to a KPMG
Integrity Survey, 82 percent of employees reported that their
firm has a formal code of conduct such as codes of ethics,
policy statements on ethics, or guidelines on proper business
conduct. These codes may address a variety of situations from
internal operations to sales presentations and financial
disclosure practices.
A code of ethical conduct has to reflect the board of directors’
and senior management’s desire for organizational compliance
with the values, rules, and policies that support an ethical
climate. Development of a code of conduct should involve the
board of directors, president, and senior managers who will be
implementing the code. Legal staff should be called upon to
ensure that the code has correctly assessed key areas of risk and
that standards contained in the code buffer potential legal
problems. A code of conduct that does not address specific
high-risk activities within the scope of daily operations is
inadequate for maintaining standards that can prevent
17. misconduct.
Research has found that corporate codes of ethics often have
five to seven core values or principles in addition to more-
detailed descriptions and examples of appropriate conduct. Six
core values are considered to be highly desirable in any code of
ethical conduct: (1) trustworthiness, (2) respect, (3)
responsibility, (4) fairness, (5) caring, and (6) citizenship.
These values will not be effective without distribution, training,
and the support of top management in making them a part of the
corporate culture and the ethical climate. Employees need
specific examples of how these values can be implemented.
Codes of conduct will not resolve every ethical issue
encountered in daily operations, but they help employees and
managers deal with ethical dilemmas by prescribing or limiting
specific activities. Many firms have a code of ethics, but
sometimes they do not communicate their code effectively. A
code placed on a website or in a training manual is useless if the
company doesn’t reinforce it on a daily basis. By
communicating both the expectations of proper behavior to
employees, as well as punishments they face if they violate the
rules, codes of conduct curtail opportunities for unethical
behavior and thereby improve ethical decision making. Codes of
conduct do not have to be so detailed that they take into account
every situation, but they should provide guidelines and
principles capable of helping employees achieve organizational
ethical objectives and address risks in an accepted manner.
8- What is the relationship among marketing ethics,
strategic planning, and organizational performance? How is
being market oriented different than having a stakeholder
orientation?
18. ANS:
One of the most powerful arguments for including ethics and
social responsibility in the strategic planning process is the
evidence of a link between social responsibility, stakeholders,
and marketing performance. An ethical climate calls for
organizational members to incorporate the interests of all
stakeholders, including customers, in their decisions and
actions. Hence, employees working in an ethical climate will
make an extra effort to better understand the demands and
concerns of customers. One study found that ethical climate is
associated with employee commitment to quality and intrafirm
trust. Employee commitment to the firm, customer loyalty, and
profitability have also been linked to increased social
responsibility. These findings emphasize the role of an ethical
climate in building a strong competitive position.
An ethical climate is also conducive to a strong market
orientation. Market orientation refers to the development of an
organizational culture that effectively and efficiently promotes
the necessary behaviors for the creation of superior value for
buyers and, thus, continuous superior performance of the firm.
Market orientation places the customer’s interests first, but it
does not exclude the interests of other stakeholders. Being
market oriented means fostering a sense of cooperation and
open information exchange that gives the firm a clearer view of
the customer’s needs and desires.
The degree to which a firm understands and addresses
stakeholder demands can be referred to as a stakeholder
orientation. This orientation contains three sets of activities: (1)
the organization-wide generation of data about stakeholder
groups and assessment of the firm’s effects on these groups, (2)
the distribution of this information throughout the firm, and (3)
the organization’s responsiveness as a whole to this
intelligence.
19. A stakeholder orientation can be viewed as a continuum in that
firms are likely to adopt the concept to varying degrees. To
gauge a given firm’s stakeholder orientation, it is necessary to
evaluate the extent to which the firm adopts behaviors that
typify both the generation and dissemination of stakeholder
intelligence and responsiveness to it. A given organization may
generate and disseminate more intelligence about certain
stakeholder communities than about others and, as a result, may
respond to that intelligence differently.
9- “Analysis alone is not a solution” is an important piece of
advice to keep in mind during a situation analysis. What does
this phrase mean? If analysis alone is not a solution, what other
considerations are relevant during a situation analysis?
ANS:
Although it is true that a comprehensive situation analysis can
lead to better planning and decision making, analysis itself is
not enough. Put another way, situation analysis is a necessary
but insufficient prerequisite for effective strategic planning.
The analysis must be combined with intuition and judgment to
make the results of the analysis useful for planning purposes.
Situation analysis should not replace the manager in the
decision-making process. Its purpose is to empower the manager
with information for more effective decision making.
A thorough situation analysis empowers the marketing manager
because it encourages both analysis and synthesis of
information. From this perspective, situation analysis involves
taking things apart: whether it’s a customer segment (in order to
study the heavy users), a product (in order to understand the
relationship between its features and customers’ needs), or
competitors (in order to weigh their strengths and weaknesses
against your own). The purpose of taking things apart is to
understand why people, products, or organizations perform the
way they do. After this dissection is complete, the manager can
20. then synthesize the information to gain a big-picture view of the
complex decisions to be made.
10- Identify and explain each element of the 5W model
for customer analysis. What role does this analysis play in an
overall situation analysis?
ANS:
During the analysis of the customer environment, information
should be collected that identifies (1) the firm’s current and
potential customers, (2) the prevailing needs of current and
potential customers, (3) the basic features of the firm’s and
competitors’ products perceived by customers as meeting their
needs, and (4) anticipated changes in customers’ needs.
Who Are Our Current and Potential Customers? – Answering
the “who” question requires an examination of the relevant
characteristics that define target markets. This includes
demographic characteristics (gender, age, income, etc.),
geographic characteristics (where customers live, density of the
target market, etc.), and psychographic characteristics
(attitudes, opinions, interests, etc.).
What Do Customers Do with Our Products? – The “what”
question entails an assessment of how customers consume and
dispose of the firm’s products. Here the marketing manager
might be interested in identifying the rate of product
consumption (sometimes called the usage rate), differences
between heavy and light users of products, whether customers
use complementary products during consumption, and what
customers do with the firm’s products after consumption.
Where Do Customers Purchase Our Products? – The “where”
question is associated mainly with distribution and customer
convenience. Until recently, most firms looked solely at
traditional channels of distribution such as brokers,
21. wholesalers, and retailers. Thus, the marketing manager would
have concerns about the intensity of the distribution effort and
the types of retailers that the firm’s customers patronized.
Today, however, many other forms of distribution are available.
The fastest growing form of distribution today is nonstore
retailing—which includes vending machines; direct marketing
through catalogs, home sales, or infomercials; and electronic
merchandising through the Internet, interactive television, and
video kiosks.
When Do Customers Purchase Our Products? – The “when”
question refers to any situational influences that may cause
customer purchasing activity to vary over time. This includes
broad issues such as the seasonality of the firm’s products and
the variability in purchasing activity caused by promotional
events or budgetary constraints.
Why (and How) Do Customers Select Our Products? – The
“why” question involves identifying the basic need-satisfying
benefits provided by the firm’s products. The potential benefits
provided by the features of competing products should also be
analyzed. The “how” part of this question refers to the means of
payment that customers use when making a purchase.
Why Do Potential Customers Not Purchase Our Products? – An
important part of customer analysis is the realization that many
potential customers choose not to purchase the firm’s products.
There are many potential reasons why customers might not
purchase a firm’s products.
This analysis is vital because the information can be used to
identify and select specific target markets for the revised
marketing strategy. The firm should target those customer
segments where it can create and maintain a sustainable
advantage over its competition.
22. 11- Identify and discuss at least five reasons why
potential customers do not purchase a firm’s goods or services.
For each reason, discuss ways that the firm can overcome the
resistance of noncustomers.
ANS:
There are many potential reasons why customers might not
purchase a firm’s products. The reasons given in the text are:
Noncustomers have a basic need that the firm’s product
does not fulfill.
Noncustomers perceive that they have better or lower-
priced alternatives such as
competing substitute products.
Competing products actually have better features or
benefits than the firm’s
product.
The firm’s product does not match noncustomers’ budgets
or lifestyles.
Noncustomers have high switching costs.
Noncustomers do not know that the firm’s product exists.
Noncustomers have misconceptions about the firm’s
product (weak or poor
image).
Poor distribution makes the firm’s product difficult to
find.
Student responses will vary greatly as to the reasons for
nonpurchase, as well as how the firm might overcome the
resistance of noncustomers.
12-Identify and discuss the challenges involved in collecting
23. environmental data and information. How can a marketing
manager or analyst overcome these problems?
ANS:
Despite the best intentions, problems usually arise in collecting
data and information. One of the most common problems is an
incomplete or inaccurate assessment of the situation that the
gathering of data should address. After expending a great
degree of effort in collecting data, the manager may be unsure
of the usefulness or relevance of what has been collected. In
some cases, the manager might even suffer from severe
information overload. To prevent these problems from
occurring, the marketing problem must be accurately and
specifically defined before the collection of any data. Top
managers who do not adequately explain their needs and
expectations to marketing researchers often cause the problem.
Another common difficulty is the expense of collecting
environmental data. Although there are always costs associated
with data collection (even if the data are free), the process need
not be prohibitively expensive. The key is to find alternative
data collection methods or sources. For example, an excellent
way for some businesses to collect data is to engage the
cooperation of a local college or university. Many professors
seek out marketing projects for their students as a part of course
requirements. Likewise, to help overcome data collection costs,
many researchers have turned to the Internet as a means of
collecting both quantitative and qualitative data on customer
opinions and behaviors.
A third issue is the time it takes to collect data and information.
Although this is certainly true with respect to primary data
collection, the collection of secondary data can be quite easy
and fast. Online data sources are quite accessible. Even if the
manager has no idea where to begin the search, the powerful
search engines and indexes available on the Internet make it
24. easy to find data. Online data sources have become so good at
data retrieval that the real problem involves the time needed to
sort through all of the available information to find something
that is truly relevant.
Finally, it can be challenging to find a way to organize the vast
amount of data and information collected during the situation
analysis. Clearly defining the marketing problem and blending
different data sources are among the first steps toward finding
all of the pieces to the puzzle. A critical next step is to convert
the data and information into a form that will facilitate strategy
development. Although there are a variety of tools that can be
used to analyze and organize environmental data and
information, one of the most effective of these tools is SWOT
analysis. As we will see in the next chapter, SWOT analysis –
which involves classifying data and information into strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities and threats—can be used to organize
data and information and used as a catalyst for strategy
formulation.
MKTG 4050: Applied Marketing Management Exam 1
Guidelines & Preparation Spring 2017
Exam 1 will cover chapters 1, 3 and 4 and other notes. It will be
held on February 22 in class. The information on this exam will
be drawn from the text, charts, graphs, and figures. The Exam
will contain 20 multiple choice and 4 essay questions.
* * * * * * * * * * * * *
Sample essay questions:
(1.1) The text discusses seven challenges and opportunities
associated with marketing in today’s economy. Identify these
issues and discuss how they are related. What is the common
25. thread that ties all seven issues together?
(1.2) Discuss the different views or interpretations of marketing
as a function of business, including the AMA’s recent change in
the definition of marketing. Why do you think the AMA
changed the definition after 20 years?
(1.3) Briefly explain and discuss the five types of utility
discussed in Chapter 1. Which type(s) of utility is the most
important and why?
(1.4) Discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with
planning and developing marketing strategy in today’s
economy. Why is marketing strategy both exciting and
challenging?
(3.1) Why have ethics and social responsibility become so
important in recent years? Why is it important that marketing
ethics be incorporated into the firm’s strategic plan?
(3.2) Draw, label, and explain the pyramid of social
responsibility. What are the requirements for a firm if it truly
wants to be ethical and socially responsible?
(3.3) Describe the role that a code of conduct plays in ensuring
ethical compliance within a firm. How should a code of conduct
be developed, what should it contain, and what are the keys to
ensuring that the code is successfully implemented?
(3.4) What is the relationship among marketing ethics, strategic
planning, and organizational performance? How is being market
oriented different than having a stakeholder orientation?
(4.1) “Analysis alone is not a solution” is an important piece of
advice to keep in mind during a situation analysis. What does
this phrase mean? If analysis alone is not a solution, what other
26. considerations are relevant during a situation analysis?
(4.2) Identify and explain each element of the 5W model for
customer analysis. What role does this analysis play in an
overall situation analysis?
(4.3) Identify and discuss at least five reasons why potential
customers do not purchase a firm’s goods or services. For each
reason, discuss ways that the firm can overcome the resistance
of noncustomers.
(4.4) Identify and discuss the challenges involved in collecting
environmental data and information. How can a marketing
manager or analyst overcome these problems?