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Q Skill 2 Listening and speaking.pdf

The document provides vocabulary related to architecture, psychology, and color branding. For architecture, it defines terms like "architecture", "benefit", "celebrity", "combination", and "economics". For psychology, it defines nouns like "concrete", "insect", "poison", and adjectives like "straight" and "urban". It also defines verbs for psychology like "advise", "camouflage", "change", and "fight". Finally, it includes terms from a video about the architect Frank Gehry and terms related to color branding and updating.

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Unit 1 Architecture ‫معماری‬ – ‫معماری‬ ‫سبک‬ Kateb University
Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ benefit a helpful or good effect, or something intended to help ‫سود‬ – ‫منفعت‬ – ‫مزیت‬ – ‫مصلحت‬ celebrity /səˈleb.rə.ti/ someone who is famous, especially in the entertainment business ‫مشهور‬ ‫فرد‬ – ‫نامدار‬ ‫شخص‬ – ‫برجست‬ ‫شخصیت‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ستاره‬ ‫ه‬ ‫جماعت‬ combination /ˌkɒm.bɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ the mixture you get when two or more things are combined ‫ترکیبی‬ – ‫ترکیب‬ – ‫آمی‬ ‫زش‬ economics /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪks/ the way in which trade, industry, or money is organized, or the study of this ‫اقتصاد‬ – ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫علم‬ – ‫اقتصادیات‬ forest /ˈfɒr.ɪst/ a large area of land covered with trees and plants, usually larger than a wood, or the trees and plants themselves ‫جنگل‬ joke /dʒəʊk/ something, such as a funny story or trick, that is said or done in order to make people laugh ‫شوخی‬ – ‫لطیفه‬ – ‫طنز‬ - ‫خوش‬ ‫مزگی‬
journalist /ˈdʒɜː.nə.lɪst/ a person who writes news stories or articles for a newspaper or magazine or broadcasts them on radio or television ‫نگار‬ ‫روزنامه‬ relationship /rɪˈleɪ.ʃən.ʃɪp/ the way in which two things are connected ‫ارتباط‬ – ‫نسبت‬ - ‫وابستگی‬ – ‫مراوده‬ roof the covering that forms the top of a building, vehicle, etc… ‫سقف‬ – ‫بام‬ – ‫طاق‬ – ‫خانه‬ ‫بام‬ – ‫مسکن‬ trend /trend/ a general development or change in a situation or in the way that people are behaving ‫روند‬ – ‫گرایش‬ – ‫تمایل‬ Verbs ‫افعال‬ admire /ədˈmaɪər/ to find someone or something attractive and pleasant to look at ‫کردن‬ ‫تحسین‬ – ‫پسند‬ ‫کردن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫تعجب‬
Adjectives ‫صفات‬ critical /ˈkrɪt.ɪ.kəl/ saying that someone or something is bad or wrong ‫انتقادی‬ – ‫بحرانی‬ – ‫وخیم‬ – ‫منتقدانه‬ eco-friend /ˈiː.kəʊˌfrend.li/ Eco-friendly products have been designed to do the least possible damage to the environment: eco-friendly detergent ‫زیس‬ ‫محیط‬ ‫با‬ ‫سازگار‬ ‫ت‬ ridiculous /rɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/ stupid or unreasonable and deserving to be laughed at: Do I look ridiculous in this hat? ‫مضحک‬ – ‫دار‬ ‫خنده‬ – ‫آمیز‬ ‫مسخر‬ risky the possibility of something bad happening ‫خطر‬ ‫پر‬ – ‫دار‬ ‫ریسک‬ – ‫مخاطره‬ ‫پر‬ sustainable /səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl/ able to continue over a period of time: Solutions put in place now must be sustainable. ‫تحمل‬ ‫قابل‬ – ‫تاب‬ ‫آوردنی‬ - ‫پایدار‬
Video vocabulary (Frank Gehry) ‫تبار‬ ‫کانادایی‬ ‫آمریکایی‬ ‫معاصر‬ ‫مشهور‬ ‫معمار‬ ‫ِری‬‫گ‬ ‫فرانگ‬ achievement (n) a thing that someone has done successfully ‫موفقیت‬ – ‫پیروزی‬ - ‫یاب‬ ‫دست‬ ‫ی‬ – ‫انجام‬ innovative (adj) describing something new that uses new ways of thinking ‫خالقانه‬ - miracle (n) something wonderful and impossible to explain ‫معجزه‬ – ‫انگیز‬ ‫شگفت‬ ‫واقعه‬ client a person who uses the services or advice of a professional person or organization ‫مشتری‬ - ‫موکل‬ struck by a feeling of being impressed by something unusual, interesting, or attractive ‫گرفته‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫تأثیر‬ ‫تحت‬ - ‫مجذوب‬ - ‫شده‬ ‫خرسند‬ - ‫خوشاین‬ ‫د‬ ‫آمده‬ self-conscious worried about what other people will think about you ‫آگاه‬ ‫خود‬ – ‫خجالتی‬ - ‫خجول‬ disturbed very anxious and unhappy about something ‫مختل‬ – ‫پریشان‬ – ‫شده‬ ‫مختل‬ – ‫مضطرب‬
basket case someone who is extremely stressed or nervous ‫عصابی‬ – ‫حال‬ ‫پریشان‬ – ‫گرفته‬ rumpled (v) Unorganized ‫دادن‬ ‫چین‬ ‫و‬ ‫تاه‬ – ‫منظم‬ ‫نا‬ ‫کردن‬ alter ego (n) a personality different from your own, but shows or acts as another side of your personality ‫خود‬ ‫دیگر‬ – ‫کاذب‬ ‫تغییر‬ ‫شخصیت‬ conviction (n) a strong opinion or belief ‫عقیده‬ - ‫محکومیت‬ out of line (adj) Outlandish ‫خط‬ ‫از‬ ‫خارج‬ – ‫از‬ ‫خارج‬ ‫معمولی‬ ‫حدود‬ evolution (n) the process of change and development over time ‫تکاملی‬ ‫سیر‬ – ‫تکامل‬ – ‫تدریجی‬ ‫تکامل‬ getting at implying ‫در‬ ‫گرفتن‬ ... – ‫بکار‬ ‫در‬ ‫گرفتن‬ ...
Unit 2 Psychology ‫روانشناسی‬ ‫علم‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ concrete /ˈkɒŋ.kriːt/ a very hard building material made by mixing together cement, sand, small stones, and water ‫کانکریت‬ – ‫ذات‬ ‫اسم‬ insect /ˈɪn.sekt/ a type of very small animal with six legs, a body divided into three parts and usually two pairs of wings, or, more generally, any similar very small animal ‫حشره‬ – ‫ریز‬ ‫کرم‬ poison /ˈpɔɪ.zən/ a substance that can make people or animals ill or kill them if they eat or drink it ‫زهر‬ ‫یا‬ ‫سم‬ predator /ˈpred.ə.tər/ an animal that hunts, kills, and eats other animals ‫درنده‬ – ‫یغماگر‬ shape /ʃeɪp/ the particular physical form or appearance of something ‫دهنده‬ ‫بشکل‬ – ‫بش‬ ‫کل‬ ‫آورنده‬ ‫در‬ site /saɪt/ a place where something is, was, or will be built, or where something happened, is happening, or will happen ‫سایت‬ – ‫محل‬ – ‫مکان‬ – ‫مقر‬
skin /skɪn/ the natural outer layer that covers a person, animal, fruit, etc. ‫پوست‬ – ‫جلد‬ - ‫انسان‬ ‫پوست‬ sound /saʊnd/ something that you can hear or that can be heard ‫صدا‬ – ‫صوت‬ – ‫بانگ‬ warning /ˈwɔː.nɪŋ/ something that makes you understand there is a possible danger or problem, especially one in the future ‫هشدار‬ – ‫اخطار‬ - ‫اعالم‬ – ‫زنگ‬ ‫خطر‬ wing /wɪŋ/ the flat part of the body that a bird, insect, or bat uses for flying, or one of the flat, horizontal structures that stick out from the side of an aircraft and support it when it is flying ‫بال‬ – ‫جناح‬ – ‫شاخه‬ – ‫شعبه‬ Adjectives ‫صفات‬ straight /streɪt continuing in one direction without bending or curving ‫مستقیم‬ – ‫راست‬ – ‫صریح‬ – ‫ُک‬‫ر‬ urban /ˈɜː.bən/ of or in a city or town: urban development ‫شهری‬ – ‫مس‬ ‫بناحیه‬ ‫وابسته‬ ‫کونی‬
Verbs ‫افعال‬ advise /ədˈvaɪz/ to give someone advice ‫دادن‬ ‫مشوره‬ camouflage /ˈkæm.ə.flɑːʒ/ to use leaves, branches, paints, or clothes to hide soldiers or military equipment so that they cannot be seen against the area around them: The troops had camouflaged themselves so effectively that the enemy didn't notice them approaching. ‫پوشاندن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫مخفی‬ – ‫پنهان‬ ‫جنگی‬ ‫وسایل‬ ‫کردن‬ change /tʃeɪndʒ/ to exchange one thing for another thing, especially of a similar type ‫دادن‬ ‫تغییر‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫عوض‬ – ‫تبد‬ ‫یل‬ ‫کردن‬ fight to use physical force to try to defeat another person or group of people ‫کردن‬ ‫مبارزه‬ – ‫جنگیدن‬ – ‫نزاع‬ ‫کردن‬ hide to put something or someone in a place where that thing or person cannot be seen or found, or to put yourself somewhere where you cannot be seen or found ‫کردن‬ ‫مخفی‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫پنهان‬ – ‫نهفتن‬ match a sports competition or event in which two people or teams compete against each other ‫داشتن‬ ‫همخوانی‬ – ‫دادن‬ ‫وصلت‬ – ‫با‬ ‫بودن‬ ‫جور‬ ... survive /səˈvaɪv/ to continue to live or exist, especially after coming close to dying or being destroyed or after being in a difficult or threatening situation ‫ماندن‬ ‫زنده‬ – ‫گذراندن‬ – ‫بیشتر‬ ‫از‬ ‫بودن‬ ‫زنده‬ ...
Phrasal Verbs ‫گانه‬ ‫چند‬ ‫عبارات‬ ( ‫بخشی‬ ) blend in to look or seem the same as surrounding people or things and therefore not be easily noticeable: We tried to blend into the crowd. ‫در‬ ‫شدن‬ ‫مخلوط‬ - ‫یکجا‬ ‫در‬ ‫شدن‬ stand out to be very noticeable - to be much better than other similar things or people ‫کردن‬ ‫ایستادگی‬ – ‫برج‬ ‫سته‬ ‫شدن‬ – ‫آوردن‬ ‫دوام‬ Video vocabulary (Colour Branding) ‫رنگی‬ ‫سازی‬ ‫عالمت‬ ‫یا‬ ‫برندسازی‬ update (v) to make something more modern ‫رسانی‬ ‫روز‬ ‫به‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫جدید‬ – ‫آوردن‬ ‫در‬ ‫امروزی‬ ‫بصورت‬ consistent (adj) always behaving in the same way ‫استوار‬ – ‫نامتناقض‬ – ‫ثابت‬ ‫قدم‬ faded (adj) to make something paler or less bright ‫شده‬ ‫کمرنگ‬ - ‫پژمرده‬ right on (phr.) correct, accurate ً‫ا‬‫دقیق‬ corporately (adv) relating to corporations ‫همکاری‬ – ‫شرکت‬ ‫بصورت‬ - ً‫ا‬‫مشترک‬
Unit 3 Behavioral Science ‫رفتاری‬ ‫علم‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ Actions the process of doing something, especially when dealing with a problem or difficulty ‫اقدام‬ – ‫عمل‬ – ‫کنش‬ – ‫حرکت‬ Anger a strong feeling that makes you want to hurt someone or be unpleasant because of something unfair or unkind that has happened ‫عصبانیت‬ – ‫خشم‬ – ‫غضب‬ Behaviour /bɪˈheɪ.vjər/ the way that someone behaves ‫رفتار‬ – ‫سلوک‬ – ‫اخالق‬ – ‫طرزرفتار‬ Courtesy /ˈkɜː.tə.si/ polite behaviour, or a polite action or remark ‫نیت‬ ‫حسن‬ – ‫تواضع‬ – ‫و‬ ‫ادب‬ ‫مهربانی‬ Etiquette /ˈet.ɪ.ket/ the set of rules or customs that control accepted behaviour in particular social groups or social situations ‫معاشرت‬ ‫آداب‬ – ‫معاشرت‬ ‫آئین‬ – ‫آداب‬ Growth /ɡrəʊθ/ The growth of a person, animal, or plant is its process of increasing in size ‫رشد‬ – ‫افزایش‬ - ‫پیشرفت‬ – ‫تر‬ ‫قی‬ Increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ to (make something) become larger in amount or size ‫افزایش‬ – ‫رشد‬ – ‫توسعه‬ – ‫فزون‬ ‫ی‬
Influence the power to have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is able to do this ‫نفوذ‬ – ‫اعتبار‬ - ‫تأثیر‬ – ‫برت‬ ‫ری‬ Manners /ˈmæn·ərz ways of behaving toward people, esp. ways that are socially correct and show respect for their comfort and their feelings ‫شیوه‬ – ‫چگونگی‬ – ‫طرز‬ – ‫رفتار‬ Principle a basic idea or rule that explains or controls how something happens or works ‫اصل‬ – ‫قاعده‬ - ‫ُلی‬‫ک‬ ‫قاعده‬ – ‫اصول‬ ‫و‬ ‫مبادی‬ Rage /reɪdʒ/ (a period of) extreme or violent anger ‫خشم‬ – ‫مفرط‬ ‫میل‬ - ‫غیظ‬ - ‫دیوانگی‬ Respect /rɪˈspekt/ admiration felt or shown for someone or something that you believe has good ideas or qualities ‫توجه‬ – ‫احترام‬ – ‫تکریم‬ – ‫عزت‬ – ‫رابطه‬ Society /səˈsaɪ.ə.ti/ a large group of people who live together in an organized way, making decisions about how to do things and sharing the work that needs to be done. All the people in a country, or in several similar countries, can be referred to as a society ‫جامعه‬ – ‫انجمن‬ – ‫اجتماع‬ - ‫مجمع‬ Violence /ˈvaɪə.ləns/ actions or words that are intended to hurt people ‫خشونت‬ – ‫شدت‬ - ‫حرمتی‬ ‫بی‬ - ‫سختی‬
Adjectives ‫صفات‬ Attentive /əˈten.tɪv/ listening carefully ‫مواظب‬ – ‫مراقب‬ - ‫دقت‬ ‫با‬ – ‫ملتفت‬ Courteous /ˈkɜː.ti.əs/ polite and showing respect ‫مؤدب‬ - ‫خوشرفتار‬ – ‫خوش‬ ‫معاشرت‬ Impolite /ˌɪm.pəlˈaɪt/ behaving in a way that is not socially correct and shows a lack of understanding of and care for other people's feelings ‫ادب‬ ‫بی‬ - ‫تربیت‬ ‫بی‬ – ‫خشن‬ - ‫زمخت‬ Important /ɪmˈpɔː.tənt/ necessary or of great value ‫مهم‬ – ‫اهمیت‬ ‫با‬ – ‫عمده‬ – ‫العاده‬ ‫فوق‬ Polite /pəˈlaɪt/ behaving in a way that is socially correct and shows understanding of and care for other people's feelings ‫ادب‬ ‫با‬ - ‫مهذب‬ - ‫خلیق‬ – ‫خوشخو‬ Rude /ruːd/ not polite; offensive or embarrassing ‫ادب‬ ‫بی‬ - ‫گستاخ‬ – ‫خشن‬ – ‫زشت‬ Valuable /ˈvæl.jə.bəl/ worth a lot of money ‫ارزشمنند‬ - ‫گرانبها‬ - ‫نفیس‬ - ‫قیمتی‬ - ‫پربها‬
Verbs ‫افعال‬ Admit /ədˈmɪt/ to agree that something is true, especially unwillingly ‫کردن‬ ‫اقرار‬ - ‫پذیرفت‬ ‫ن‬ - ‫کردن‬ ‫تصدیق‬ Improve to (cause something to) get better ‫کردن‬ ‫بهتر‬ - ‫بهبودی‬ ‫دادن‬ - ‫کردن‬ ‫اصالح‬ Scream /skriːm/ to cry or say something loudly and usually on a high note, especially because of strong emotions such as fear, excitement, or anger ‫زدن‬ ‫جیغ‬ – ‫زدن‬ ‫فریاد‬ – ‫گفتن‬ ‫ناگهانی‬ Yell /jel/ to shout something or make a loud noise, usually when you are angry, in pain, or excited ‫کشیدن‬ ‫نعره‬ - ‫جیغ‬ ‫زدن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫هلهله‬
Phrasal Verbs ‫گانه‬ ‫چند‬ ‫عبارات‬ ( ‫بخشی‬ ) Deal with to talk to someone or meet someone, especially as part of your job ‫چیزی‬ ‫با‬ ‫داشتن‬ ‫سروکار‬ ... Shout out an occasion when someone who is talking on the television or radio mentions someone in order to thank them or wish them well ‫زدن‬ ‫فریاد‬ – ‫سپاسگزاری‬ ‫کردن‬ Model Verbs (‫کمکی‬ ‫)افعال‬ Should used to say or ask what is the correct or best thing to do ‫باید‬ – ‫بایست‬ Shouldn’t You shouldn't do things like that. ‫نباید‬ – ‫نبایستی‬ Adverbs (‫)قیود‬ Frequently /ˈfriː.kwənt.li/ Often: frequently asked questions ً‫ا‬‫مکرر‬ – ً‫ا‬‫غالب‬ – ‫بارها‬ – ‫زود‬ ‫زود‬ Often /ˈɒf.ən/ /ˈɒf.tən/ many times: I often see her in the garden. ً‫ا‬‫غالب‬ – ‫اوقات‬ ‫خیلی‬ – ‫خیلی‬ ‫زیاد‬ - ‫بسی‬
Video vocabulary (Making Small Talk) ‫های‬ ‫صحبت‬ ‫اندازی‬ ‫براه‬ ‫کوتاه‬ Rapport a good connection with someone ‫توافق‬ – ‫ربط‬ – ‫نسب‬ ‫ت‬ – ‫آرامش‬ Initiate to start, to begin ‫کردن‬ ‫آغاز‬ – ‫ابتکار‬ ‫کردن‬ – ‫نهادن‬ ‫بنیاد‬ snippet a small piece of something ‫قطعه‬ – ‫کوچک‬ ‫چیز‬ – ‫پارچه‬ Failing health serious illness ‫االعالج‬ ‫صعب‬ ‫مریضی‬ Contentious debate an angry argument ‫ی‬ ‫انگیز‬ ‫بحث‬ ‫مناظره‬ ‫ا‬ ‫انگیز‬ ‫جدال‬
Unit 4 Game Studies ‫بازی‬ ‫مطالعات‬ / ‫سرگرمی‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ Clue /kluː/ a sign or some information that helps you to find the answer to a problem, question, or mystery ‫سرنخ‬ – ‫نشان‬ – ‫راهنما‬ Demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ to ask for something forcefully, in a way that shows that you do not expect to be refused ‫تقاضا‬ – ‫درخواست‬ – ‫طلب‬ – ‫نیاز‬ Developer /dɪˈvel.ə.pər/ a person or company that makes money from buying land, building new houses, offices, etc., or by changing existing buildings to sel or rent ‫دهنده‬ ‫توسعه‬ Loss /lɒs/ the fact that you no longer have something or have less of something ‫ضرر‬ – ‫زیا‬ – ‫خسران‬ – ‫خدشه‬ Object /ˈɒb.dʒɪkt/ a thing that you can see or touch but that is not usually a living animal, plant, or person ‫هدف‬ – ‫مقصود‬ – ‫چیز‬ – ‫شیء‬ Supplies /səˈplɑɪz/ food and other ordinary goods needed by people every day ‫تدارکات‬ Version /vɜː.ʃən//vɜː.ʒən/ a particular form of something that is slightly different from other forms of the same thing ‫نسخه‬ – ‫متن‬ – ‫تفسیر‬ – ‫ترجمه‬
Verbs ‫افعال‬ Calculate /ˈkæl.kjə.leɪt/ to judge the number or amount of something by using the information that you already have, and adding, taking away, multiplying, or dividing numbers ‫کردن‬ ‫محاسبه‬ – ‫حساب‬ ‫کردن‬ Estimate /ˈes.tɪ.meɪt/ to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something ‫زدن‬ ‫تخمین‬ – ‫سنجیدن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫برآرود‬ Realize /ˈrɪə.laɪz/ to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly ‫بخشیدن‬ ‫تحقق‬ – ‫فهمی‬ ‫دن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫درک‬ Update /ʌpˈdeɪt/ to make something more modern or suitable for use now by adding new information or changing its design ‫در‬ ‫امروزی‬ ‫بصورت‬ ‫آوردن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫جدید‬ Adjectives ‫صفات‬ Instant /ˈɪn.stənt/ happening immediately, without any delay ‫فوری‬ Original /əˈrɪdʒ.ən.əl/ existing since the beginning, or being the earliest form of something ‫اصلی‬ – ‫اصیل‬ – ‫اصل‬
Phrasal Verbs ‫گانه‬ ‫چند‬ ‫عبارات‬ ( ‫بخشی‬ ) Figure out /ˈfɪɡər aut/ to understand or solve something ‫کردن‬ ‫کشف‬ – ‫فهمیدن‬ – ‫سنجیدن‬ Phrase (‫)عبارت‬ Sold out to sell all of the supply that you have of something ‫شده‬ ‫فروخته‬ Video vocabulary (Kids Learn About Finance) ‫میاموزند‬ ‫تجارت‬ ‫زمینۀ‬ ‫در‬ ‫کودکان‬ Majority (n) the largest group of a people or things ‫اکثریت‬ Investing (n) buying property or shares in a company to make money ‫کردن‬ ‫گذاری‬ ‫سرمایه‬ - Grasp (v) to understand ‫فهمیدن‬ – ‫آوردن‬ ‫بچنگ‬ Returns on their investments (n.phr) money made from investing ‫کمائی‬
Unit 5 Sociology ‫جامعه‬ ‫شناسی‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
Nouns Ancestor a person related to you who lived a long time ago ‫نیاکان‬ / ‫اجداد‬ appearance an occasion when someone appears in public ‫ظاهر‬ coincidence an occasion when two or more similar things happen at the same time, especially in a way that is unlikely and surprising ‫تصادف‬ database a large amount of information stored in a computer system in such a way that it can be easily looked at or changed ‫بحث‬ / ‫مذاکره‬ identity a person's name and other facts about who they are ‫هویت‬ input something such as energy, money, or information that is put into a system, organization, or machine so that it can operate ‫ورودی‬ participant a person who takes part in or becomes involved in a particular activity ‫کننده‬ ‫اشتراک‬ Slave a person who is legally owned by someone else and has to work for that person ‫برده‬ tendency If someone has a tendency to do or like something, they will probably do it or like it ‫گرایش‬ / ‫تمایل‬ twin either of two children born to the same mother on the same occasion ‫دو‬ ‫گانه‬ / ‫قلو‬ ‫دو‬
Verbs adopt to legally take another person's child into your own family and take care of him or her as your own child ‫فرزندی‬ inherit to receive money, a house, etc. from someone after they have died ‫بردن‬ ‫ارث‬ ‫به‬ search to look somewhere carefully in order to find something ‫کردن‬ ‫تحقیق‬ Adjective biological connected with the natural processes of living things ‫بیالوژیکی‬ Phrasal verb fit in to feel that you belong to a particular group and are accepted by that group ‫کردن‬ ‫مطابقت‬ / ‫داشت‬ ‫ن‬
Video Vocabulary reunion A social occasion for people who have not seen each other for long time ‫با‬ ‫هم‬ ‫پیوستگ‬ ‫ی‬ long-lost That you have not received news from or seen for a long time ‫دیر‬ ‫مدت‬ nosy Too interested in things that do not concern you ‫کنجکاو‬ / ‫خبر‬ ‫چین‬
Unit 6 Business ‫تجارت‬ / ‫کار‬ ‫و‬ ‫کسب‬ Kateb University Hasibullah farhmand
Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ Advisor /ədˈvaɪ.zər/ someone whose job is to give advice about a subject ‫مشاور‬ – ‫راهنما‬ – ‫رایزن‬ Colleague /ˈkɒl.iːɡ/ one of a group of people who work together ‫همکار‬ - ‫همقطار‬ – ‫هم‬ ‫کار‬ – ‫شریک‬ Consumer /kənˈsjuː.mər/ a person who buys goods or services for their own use ‫کننده‬ ‫مصرف‬ Craft /krɑːft/ skill and experience, especially in relation to making objects; a job or activity that needs skill and experience, or something produced using skill and experience ‫مهارت‬ – ‫وری‬ ‫پیشه‬ – ‫هنر‬ – ‫صنعت‬ Decade /ˈdek.eɪd/ a period of ten years, especially a period such as 2010 to 2019 ‫دهه‬ – ‫ساله‬ ‫ده‬ ‫دوره‬ – ‫ده‬ ‫عدد‬ Fair /feər/ a large public event where goods are bought and sold, usually from tables that have been specially arranged for the event, and where there is often entertainment ‫نمایشگاه‬
Inventor /ɪnˈven.tər/ someone who has invented something or whose job is to invent things ‫مخترع‬ Review /rɪˈvjuː/ to think or talk about something again, in order to make changes to it or to make a decision about it ‫مرور‬ – ‫خالصه‬ – ‫نظر‬ ‫تجدید‬ – ‫بازدید‬ Adjectives ‫صفات‬ Complicated /ˈkɒm.plɪ.keɪ.tɪd/ involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to understand ‫بغرنج‬ – ‫پیچیده‬ – ‫مغلق‬ Self-sufficient /ˌself.səˈfɪʃ.ənt/ able to provide everything you need, especially food, for yourself without the help of other people ‫مستغنی‬ – ‫بسن‬ ‫خود‬ ‫ده‬ – ‫غیر‬ ‫از‬ ‫نیاز‬ ‫بی‬
Verbs ‫افعال‬ Market /ˈmɑː.kɪt/ the people who might want to buy something, or a part of the world where something is sold ‫کردن‬ ‫عرضه‬ ‫بازار‬ ‫به‬ – ‫فروختن‬ – ‫قرار‬ ‫فروش‬ ‫معرض‬ ‫دادن‬ Produce /prəˈdʒuːs/ /prəˈduːs/ to make something or bring something into existence ‫کرده‬ ‫تولید‬ – ‫داده‬ ‫ارائه‬ – ‫زاییدن‬ Promote /prəˈməʊt/ to encourage people to like, buy, use, do, or support something ‫کردن‬ ‫ترویج‬ – ‫دادن‬ ‫ترقی‬ – ‫دادن‬ ‫ترفیع‬ Publish /ˈpʌb.lɪʃ/ to make information available to people, especially in a book, magazine, or newspaper, or to produce and sell a book, magazine, or newspaper ‫کردن‬ ‫منتشر‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫چاپ‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫نشر‬ ‫و‬ ‫طبع‬ – ‫صادر‬ ‫کردن‬ Repair /rɪˈpeər/ - /rɪˈper/ to put something that is damaged, broken, or not working correctly, back into good condition or make it work again ‫کردن‬ ‫دایر‬ ‫دوباره‬ – ‫تعمیر‬ ‫کردن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫جبران‬ – ‫عازم‬ ‫شدن‬
Phrasal Verbs ‫گانه‬ ‫چند‬ ‫عبارات‬ ( ‫بخشی‬ ) Get involved To establish an association, typically work related, with something or some organization. ‫شدن‬ ‫گیر‬ ‫در‬ / ‫بودن‬ – ‫کاری‬ ‫در‬ ‫ماندن‬ ‫گیر‬ .. . Phrase (‫)عبارت‬ Could you explain …? ‫کنید‬ ‫تشریح‬ ‫میتوانید‬ ... ‫؟‬ Do you mean …? ‫اینست‬ ‫منظورت‬ ... ‫؟‬ What does ____mean? ‫این‬ ___________ ‫دارد؟‬ ‫معنی‬ ‫چه‬ What's a (n) _____? ‫این‬ __________ ‫چیزیست؟‬ ‫چه‬ Let me explain. ‫دهم‬ ‫توضیح‬ ‫که‬ ‫دهید‬ ‫اجازه‬ . That's not what I meant. ‫نیست‬ ‫این‬ ‫منظورم‬ . That’s right. ‫است‬ ‫درست‬ . What I mean is … ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫این‬ ‫منظورم‬ ... What I'm saying is … ‫که‬ ‫اینست‬ ‫بگویم‬ ‫میخواهم‬ ‫که‬ ‫را‬ ‫چیزی‬ .
Video vocabulary (eBay) ‫ِی‬‫ا‬ ‫سایت‬ ‫بی‬ Retail (n) public events where objects are sold based on who offers the most money ‫فروشی‬ ‫خرده‬ – ‫فروشی‬ ‫پرچون‬ Auctions (n) find a better price ‫حراج‬ – ‫فروش‬ Beat it (phr.n) the price at stores ‫مناسب‬ ‫قیمت‬ – ‫بهای‬ ‫بهتر‬
Unit 7 Behavioral Science ‫رفتاری‬ ‫علم‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
Nouns compost decaying plant material that is added to soil to improve its quality ‫کود‬ current of the present time ‫جاری‬ / ‫فعلی‬ exception someone or something that is not included in a rule, group, or list or that does not behave in the expected way ‫استثنا‬ garbage waste material or unwanted things that you throw away ‫کثافت‬ landfill the process of getting rid of large amounts of rubbish by burying it, or a place where rubbish is buried ‫دفن‬ ‫زباله‬ Recycling bin recycle bin ‫دانی‬ ‫کثافت‬ waste an unnecessary or wrong use of money, substances, time, energy, abilities, etc ‫زاید‬ ‫مواد‬
Verbs Attract (of people, things, places, etc.) to pull or draw someone or something towards them, by the qualities they have, especially good ones ‫جذب‬ ‫کردن‬ float to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink ‫کردن‬ ‫شنا‬ reduce to become or to make something become smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc. ‫کاهش‬ ‫دادن‬ smell to have a particular quality that others can notice with their noses ‫کرد‬ ‫استشمام‬ ‫ن‬ weigh the amount that something or someone weighs ‫کردن‬ ‫وزن‬
Adjective deep going or being a long way down from the top or surface, or being of a particular distance from the top to the bottom ‫عمیق‬ marine related to the sea or sea transport ‫دریایی‬ Phrase on purpose intentionally ‫عمدا‬ Video Vocabulary unsettling making you feel nervous or worried ‫ناراحت‬ ‫کننده‬ civilization a state of human society that is very developed ‫تمدن‬ entangled something caught or twisted in something ‫افتاده‬ ‫گیر‬ synthetic artificial ‫مصنوعی‬ embedded to fix firmly into something ‫شده‬ ‫سازی‬ ‫جا‬ whipping boy someone often blamed or punished for things other people have done ‫متهم‬ ‫شخص‬
environmentalists a person concerned about the natural environment ‫زیست‬ ‫شناس‬ guiltless without guilt; innocent ‫گناه‬ ‫بی‬ torrents a large amount of water moving quickly ‫شدید‬ ‫جریان‬ ‫آب‬
Unit 8 Public Health ‫عامه‬ ‫صحت‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
Noun agriculture farming ‫زراعت‬ allergy a condition that makes a person become sick or develop skin or breathing problems because they have eaten certain foods or been near certain substances ‫گاه‬ ‫نمایش‬ bacteria ‫باکتریا‬ climate the general weather conditions usually found in a particular place ‫اقلیم‬ defense the act of protecting someone or something against attack or criticism ‫دفاع‬ dirt dust, soil, or any substance that makes a surface not clean ‫کثافت‬ disease (an) illness of people, animals, plants, etc., caused by infection or a failure of health rather than by an accident ‫امراض‬ germ a very small organism that causes disease ‫میکروب‬ lack the fact that something is not available or that there is not enough of it ‫کمبود‬ sanitation the systems for taking dirty water and other waste products away from buildings in order to protect people's health ‫حفظ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لصحه‬ supply to provide something that is wanted or needed, often in large quantities ‫تدارک‬
Verbs Decrease to become less, or to make something become less ‫دادن‬ ‫کاهش‬ Digest to change food in your stomach into substances that your body can use ‫هضم‬ ‫کردن‬ Interrupt to stop a person from speaking for a short period by something you say or do ‫قطع‬ ‫کردن‬ / ‫کردن‬ ‫اخالل‬ Adjective Average the result you get by adding two or more amounts together and dividing the total by the number of amounts ‫حد‬ ‫اوسط‬ Old-fashioned not modern; belonging to or typical of a time in the past ‫قدیمی‬ Sensible based on or acting on good judgment and practical ideas or understanding: ‫محسوس‬ Underground below the surface of the earth; below ground ‫زمینی‬ ‫زیر‬ Adverb Automatically If a machine or device does something automatically, it does it independently, without human control ‫ب‬ ‫خودکار‬ ‫طور‬
Video Vocabulary Mother nature the natural world as it affects the world and humans ‫ذاتی‬ Absorb to take in and keep ‫جذب‬ ‫کردن‬ Miraculous like a miracle ‫معجزه‬ ‫ای‬ Immunology concerning the body’s immune system, which protects against disease ‫شناسی‬ ‫مصونیت‬ Up to date modern ‫بروز‬ / ‫جدید‬ Common sense the ability to think about things in a practical way ‫حس‬ ‫مشترک‬

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Q Skill 2 Listening and speaking.pdf

  • 1.
  • 2.
    Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ benefita helpful or good effect, or something intended to help ‫سود‬ – ‫منفعت‬ – ‫مزیت‬ – ‫مصلحت‬ celebrity /səˈleb.rə.ti/ someone who is famous, especially in the entertainment business ‫مشهور‬ ‫فرد‬ – ‫نامدار‬ ‫شخص‬ – ‫برجست‬ ‫شخصیت‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ستاره‬ ‫ه‬ ‫جماعت‬ combination /ˌkɒm.bɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ the mixture you get when two or more things are combined ‫ترکیبی‬ – ‫ترکیب‬ – ‫آمی‬ ‫زش‬ economics /ˌiː.kəˈnɒm.ɪks/ the way in which trade, industry, or money is organized, or the study of this ‫اقتصاد‬ – ‫اقتصاد‬ ‫علم‬ – ‫اقتصادیات‬ forest /ˈfɒr.ɪst/ a large area of land covered with trees and plants, usually larger than a wood, or the trees and plants themselves ‫جنگل‬ joke /dʒəʊk/ something, such as a funny story or trick, that is said or done in order to make people laugh ‫شوخی‬ – ‫لطیفه‬ – ‫طنز‬ - ‫خوش‬ ‫مزگی‬
  • 3.
    journalist /ˈdʒɜː.nə.lɪst/ a person whowrites news stories or articles for a newspaper or magazine or broadcasts them on radio or television ‫نگار‬ ‫روزنامه‬ relationship /rɪˈleɪ.ʃən.ʃɪp/ the way in which two things are connected ‫ارتباط‬ – ‫نسبت‬ - ‫وابستگی‬ – ‫مراوده‬ roof the covering that forms the top of a building, vehicle, etc… ‫سقف‬ – ‫بام‬ – ‫طاق‬ – ‫خانه‬ ‫بام‬ – ‫مسکن‬ trend /trend/ a general development or change in a situation or in the way that people are behaving ‫روند‬ – ‫گرایش‬ – ‫تمایل‬ Verbs ‫افعال‬ admire /ədˈmaɪər/ to find someone or something attractive and pleasant to look at ‫کردن‬ ‫تحسین‬ – ‫پسند‬ ‫کردن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫تعجب‬
  • 4.
    Adjectives ‫صفات‬ critical /ˈkrɪt.ɪ.kəl/ saying thatsomeone or something is bad or wrong ‫انتقادی‬ – ‫بحرانی‬ – ‫وخیم‬ – ‫منتقدانه‬ eco-friend /ˈiː.kəʊˌfrend.li/ Eco-friendly products have been designed to do the least possible damage to the environment: eco-friendly detergent ‫زیس‬ ‫محیط‬ ‫با‬ ‫سازگار‬ ‫ت‬ ridiculous /rɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/ stupid or unreasonable and deserving to be laughed at: Do I look ridiculous in this hat? ‫مضحک‬ – ‫دار‬ ‫خنده‬ – ‫آمیز‬ ‫مسخر‬ risky the possibility of something bad happening ‫خطر‬ ‫پر‬ – ‫دار‬ ‫ریسک‬ – ‫مخاطره‬ ‫پر‬ sustainable /səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl/ able to continue over a period of time: Solutions put in place now must be sustainable. ‫تحمل‬ ‫قابل‬ – ‫تاب‬ ‫آوردنی‬ - ‫پایدار‬
  • 5.
    Video vocabulary (FrankGehry) ‫تبار‬ ‫کانادایی‬ ‫آمریکایی‬ ‫معاصر‬ ‫مشهور‬ ‫معمار‬ ‫ِری‬‫گ‬ ‫فرانگ‬ achievement (n) a thing that someone has done successfully ‫موفقیت‬ – ‫پیروزی‬ - ‫یاب‬ ‫دست‬ ‫ی‬ – ‫انجام‬ innovative (adj) describing something new that uses new ways of thinking ‫خالقانه‬ - miracle (n) something wonderful and impossible to explain ‫معجزه‬ – ‫انگیز‬ ‫شگفت‬ ‫واقعه‬ client a person who uses the services or advice of a professional person or organization ‫مشتری‬ - ‫موکل‬ struck by a feeling of being impressed by something unusual, interesting, or attractive ‫گرفته‬ ‫قرار‬ ‫تأثیر‬ ‫تحت‬ - ‫مجذوب‬ - ‫شده‬ ‫خرسند‬ - ‫خوشاین‬ ‫د‬ ‫آمده‬ self-conscious worried about what other people will think about you ‫آگاه‬ ‫خود‬ – ‫خجالتی‬ - ‫خجول‬ disturbed very anxious and unhappy about something ‫مختل‬ – ‫پریشان‬ – ‫شده‬ ‫مختل‬ – ‫مضطرب‬
  • 6.
    basket case someonewho is extremely stressed or nervous ‫عصابی‬ – ‫حال‬ ‫پریشان‬ – ‫گرفته‬ rumpled (v) Unorganized ‫دادن‬ ‫چین‬ ‫و‬ ‫تاه‬ – ‫منظم‬ ‫نا‬ ‫کردن‬ alter ego (n) a personality different from your own, but shows or acts as another side of your personality ‫خود‬ ‫دیگر‬ – ‫کاذب‬ ‫تغییر‬ ‫شخصیت‬ conviction (n) a strong opinion or belief ‫عقیده‬ - ‫محکومیت‬ out of line (adj) Outlandish ‫خط‬ ‫از‬ ‫خارج‬ – ‫از‬ ‫خارج‬ ‫معمولی‬ ‫حدود‬ evolution (n) the process of change and development over time ‫تکاملی‬ ‫سیر‬ – ‫تکامل‬ – ‫تدریجی‬ ‫تکامل‬ getting at implying ‫در‬ ‫گرفتن‬ ... – ‫بکار‬ ‫در‬ ‫گرفتن‬ ...
  • 7.
  • 8.
    Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ concrete /ˈkɒŋ.kriːt/ avery hard building material made by mixing together cement, sand, small stones, and water ‫کانکریت‬ – ‫ذات‬ ‫اسم‬ insect /ˈɪn.sekt/ a type of very small animal with six legs, a body divided into three parts and usually two pairs of wings, or, more generally, any similar very small animal ‫حشره‬ – ‫ریز‬ ‫کرم‬ poison /ˈpɔɪ.zən/ a substance that can make people or animals ill or kill them if they eat or drink it ‫زهر‬ ‫یا‬ ‫سم‬ predator /ˈpred.ə.tər/ an animal that hunts, kills, and eats other animals ‫درنده‬ – ‫یغماگر‬ shape /ʃeɪp/ the particular physical form or appearance of something ‫دهنده‬ ‫بشکل‬ – ‫بش‬ ‫کل‬ ‫آورنده‬ ‫در‬ site /saɪt/ a place where something is, was, or will be built, or where something happened, is happening, or will happen ‫سایت‬ – ‫محل‬ – ‫مکان‬ – ‫مقر‬
  • 9.
    skin /skɪn/ the natural outerlayer that covers a person, animal, fruit, etc. ‫پوست‬ – ‫جلد‬ - ‫انسان‬ ‫پوست‬ sound /saʊnd/ something that you can hear or that can be heard ‫صدا‬ – ‫صوت‬ – ‫بانگ‬ warning /ˈwɔː.nɪŋ/ something that makes you understand there is a possible danger or problem, especially one in the future ‫هشدار‬ – ‫اخطار‬ - ‫اعالم‬ – ‫زنگ‬ ‫خطر‬ wing /wɪŋ/ the flat part of the body that a bird, insect, or bat uses for flying, or one of the flat, horizontal structures that stick out from the side of an aircraft and support it when it is flying ‫بال‬ – ‫جناح‬ – ‫شاخه‬ – ‫شعبه‬ Adjectives ‫صفات‬ straight /streɪt continuing in one direction without bending or curving ‫مستقیم‬ – ‫راست‬ – ‫صریح‬ – ‫ُک‬‫ر‬ urban /ˈɜː.bən/ of or in a city or town: urban development ‫شهری‬ – ‫مس‬ ‫بناحیه‬ ‫وابسته‬ ‫کونی‬
  • 10.
    Verbs ‫افعال‬ advise /ədˈvaɪz/ to givesomeone advice ‫دادن‬ ‫مشوره‬ camouflage /ˈkæm.ə.flɑːʒ/ to use leaves, branches, paints, or clothes to hide soldiers or military equipment so that they cannot be seen against the area around them: The troops had camouflaged themselves so effectively that the enemy didn't notice them approaching. ‫پوشاندن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫مخفی‬ – ‫پنهان‬ ‫جنگی‬ ‫وسایل‬ ‫کردن‬ change /tʃeɪndʒ/ to exchange one thing for another thing, especially of a similar type ‫دادن‬ ‫تغییر‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫عوض‬ – ‫تبد‬ ‫یل‬ ‫کردن‬ fight to use physical force to try to defeat another person or group of people ‫کردن‬ ‫مبارزه‬ – ‫جنگیدن‬ – ‫نزاع‬ ‫کردن‬ hide to put something or someone in a place where that thing or person cannot be seen or found, or to put yourself somewhere where you cannot be seen or found ‫کردن‬ ‫مخفی‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫پنهان‬ – ‫نهفتن‬ match a sports competition or event in which two people or teams compete against each other ‫داشتن‬ ‫همخوانی‬ – ‫دادن‬ ‫وصلت‬ – ‫با‬ ‫بودن‬ ‫جور‬ ... survive /səˈvaɪv/ to continue to live or exist, especially after coming close to dying or being destroyed or after being in a difficult or threatening situation ‫ماندن‬ ‫زنده‬ – ‫گذراندن‬ – ‫بیشتر‬ ‫از‬ ‫بودن‬ ‫زنده‬ ...
  • 11.
    Phrasal Verbs ‫گانه‬‫چند‬ ‫عبارات‬ ( ‫بخشی‬ ) blend in to look or seem the same as surrounding people or things and therefore not be easily noticeable: We tried to blend into the crowd. ‫در‬ ‫شدن‬ ‫مخلوط‬ - ‫یکجا‬ ‫در‬ ‫شدن‬ stand out to be very noticeable - to be much better than other similar things or people ‫کردن‬ ‫ایستادگی‬ – ‫برج‬ ‫سته‬ ‫شدن‬ – ‫آوردن‬ ‫دوام‬ Video vocabulary (Colour Branding) ‫رنگی‬ ‫سازی‬ ‫عالمت‬ ‫یا‬ ‫برندسازی‬ update (v) to make something more modern ‫رسانی‬ ‫روز‬ ‫به‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫جدید‬ – ‫آوردن‬ ‫در‬ ‫امروزی‬ ‫بصورت‬ consistent (adj) always behaving in the same way ‫استوار‬ – ‫نامتناقض‬ – ‫ثابت‬ ‫قدم‬ faded (adj) to make something paler or less bright ‫شده‬ ‫کمرنگ‬ - ‫پژمرده‬ right on (phr.) correct, accurate ً‫ا‬‫دقیق‬ corporately (adv) relating to corporations ‫همکاری‬ – ‫شرکت‬ ‫بصورت‬ - ً‫ا‬‫مشترک‬
  • 12.
    Unit 3 Behavioral Science ‫رفتاری‬‫علم‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
  • 13.
    Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ Actionsthe process of doing something, especially when dealing with a problem or difficulty ‫اقدام‬ – ‫عمل‬ – ‫کنش‬ – ‫حرکت‬ Anger a strong feeling that makes you want to hurt someone or be unpleasant because of something unfair or unkind that has happened ‫عصبانیت‬ – ‫خشم‬ – ‫غضب‬ Behaviour /bɪˈheɪ.vjər/ the way that someone behaves ‫رفتار‬ – ‫سلوک‬ – ‫اخالق‬ – ‫طرزرفتار‬ Courtesy /ˈkɜː.tə.si/ polite behaviour, or a polite action or remark ‫نیت‬ ‫حسن‬ – ‫تواضع‬ – ‫و‬ ‫ادب‬ ‫مهربانی‬ Etiquette /ˈet.ɪ.ket/ the set of rules or customs that control accepted behaviour in particular social groups or social situations ‫معاشرت‬ ‫آداب‬ – ‫معاشرت‬ ‫آئین‬ – ‫آداب‬ Growth /ɡrəʊθ/ The growth of a person, animal, or plant is its process of increasing in size ‫رشد‬ – ‫افزایش‬ - ‫پیشرفت‬ – ‫تر‬ ‫قی‬ Increase /ɪnˈkriːs/ to (make something) become larger in amount or size ‫افزایش‬ – ‫رشد‬ – ‫توسعه‬ – ‫فزون‬ ‫ی‬
  • 14.
    Influence the powerto have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is able to do this ‫نفوذ‬ – ‫اعتبار‬ - ‫تأثیر‬ – ‫برت‬ ‫ری‬ Manners /ˈmæn·ərz ways of behaving toward people, esp. ways that are socially correct and show respect for their comfort and their feelings ‫شیوه‬ – ‫چگونگی‬ – ‫طرز‬ – ‫رفتار‬ Principle a basic idea or rule that explains or controls how something happens or works ‫اصل‬ – ‫قاعده‬ - ‫ُلی‬‫ک‬ ‫قاعده‬ – ‫اصول‬ ‫و‬ ‫مبادی‬ Rage /reɪdʒ/ (a period of) extreme or violent anger ‫خشم‬ – ‫مفرط‬ ‫میل‬ - ‫غیظ‬ - ‫دیوانگی‬ Respect /rɪˈspekt/ admiration felt or shown for someone or something that you believe has good ideas or qualities ‫توجه‬ – ‫احترام‬ – ‫تکریم‬ – ‫عزت‬ – ‫رابطه‬ Society /səˈsaɪ.ə.ti/ a large group of people who live together in an organized way, making decisions about how to do things and sharing the work that needs to be done. All the people in a country, or in several similar countries, can be referred to as a society ‫جامعه‬ – ‫انجمن‬ – ‫اجتماع‬ - ‫مجمع‬ Violence /ˈvaɪə.ləns/ actions or words that are intended to hurt people ‫خشونت‬ – ‫شدت‬ - ‫حرمتی‬ ‫بی‬ - ‫سختی‬
  • 15.
    Adjectives ‫صفات‬ Attentive /əˈten.tɪv/ listening carefully‫مواظب‬ – ‫مراقب‬ - ‫دقت‬ ‫با‬ – ‫ملتفت‬ Courteous /ˈkɜː.ti.əs/ polite and showing respect ‫مؤدب‬ - ‫خوشرفتار‬ – ‫خوش‬ ‫معاشرت‬ Impolite /ˌɪm.pəlˈaɪt/ behaving in a way that is not socially correct and shows a lack of understanding of and care for other people's feelings ‫ادب‬ ‫بی‬ - ‫تربیت‬ ‫بی‬ – ‫خشن‬ - ‫زمخت‬ Important /ɪmˈpɔː.tənt/ necessary or of great value ‫مهم‬ – ‫اهمیت‬ ‫با‬ – ‫عمده‬ – ‫العاده‬ ‫فوق‬ Polite /pəˈlaɪt/ behaving in a way that is socially correct and shows understanding of and care for other people's feelings ‫ادب‬ ‫با‬ - ‫مهذب‬ - ‫خلیق‬ – ‫خوشخو‬ Rude /ruːd/ not polite; offensive or embarrassing ‫ادب‬ ‫بی‬ - ‫گستاخ‬ – ‫خشن‬ – ‫زشت‬ Valuable /ˈvæl.jə.bəl/ worth a lot of money ‫ارزشمنند‬ - ‫گرانبها‬ - ‫نفیس‬ - ‫قیمتی‬ - ‫پربها‬
  • 16.
    Verbs ‫افعال‬ Admit /ədˈmɪt/ to agreethat something is true, especially unwillingly ‫کردن‬ ‫اقرار‬ - ‫پذیرفت‬ ‫ن‬ - ‫کردن‬ ‫تصدیق‬ Improve to (cause something to) get better ‫کردن‬ ‫بهتر‬ - ‫بهبودی‬ ‫دادن‬ - ‫کردن‬ ‫اصالح‬ Scream /skriːm/ to cry or say something loudly and usually on a high note, especially because of strong emotions such as fear, excitement, or anger ‫زدن‬ ‫جیغ‬ – ‫زدن‬ ‫فریاد‬ – ‫گفتن‬ ‫ناگهانی‬ Yell /jel/ to shout something or make a loud noise, usually when you are angry, in pain, or excited ‫کشیدن‬ ‫نعره‬ - ‫جیغ‬ ‫زدن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫هلهله‬
  • 17.
    Phrasal Verbs ‫گانه‬‫چند‬ ‫عبارات‬ ( ‫بخشی‬ ) Deal with to talk to someone or meet someone, especially as part of your job ‫چیزی‬ ‫با‬ ‫داشتن‬ ‫سروکار‬ ... Shout out an occasion when someone who is talking on the television or radio mentions someone in order to thank them or wish them well ‫زدن‬ ‫فریاد‬ – ‫سپاسگزاری‬ ‫کردن‬ Model Verbs (‫کمکی‬ ‫)افعال‬ Should used to say or ask what is the correct or best thing to do ‫باید‬ – ‫بایست‬ Shouldn’t You shouldn't do things like that. ‫نباید‬ – ‫نبایستی‬ Adverbs (‫)قیود‬ Frequently /ˈfriː.kwənt.li/ Often: frequently asked questions ً‫ا‬‫مکرر‬ – ً‫ا‬‫غالب‬ – ‫بارها‬ – ‫زود‬ ‫زود‬ Often /ˈɒf.ən/ /ˈɒf.tən/ many times: I often see her in the garden. ً‫ا‬‫غالب‬ – ‫اوقات‬ ‫خیلی‬ – ‫خیلی‬ ‫زیاد‬ - ‫بسی‬
  • 18.
    Video vocabulary (MakingSmall Talk) ‫های‬ ‫صحبت‬ ‫اندازی‬ ‫براه‬ ‫کوتاه‬ Rapport a good connection with someone ‫توافق‬ – ‫ربط‬ – ‫نسب‬ ‫ت‬ – ‫آرامش‬ Initiate to start, to begin ‫کردن‬ ‫آغاز‬ – ‫ابتکار‬ ‫کردن‬ – ‫نهادن‬ ‫بنیاد‬ snippet a small piece of something ‫قطعه‬ – ‫کوچک‬ ‫چیز‬ – ‫پارچه‬ Failing health serious illness ‫االعالج‬ ‫صعب‬ ‫مریضی‬ Contentious debate an angry argument ‫ی‬ ‫انگیز‬ ‫بحث‬ ‫مناظره‬ ‫ا‬ ‫انگیز‬ ‫جدال‬
  • 19.
    Unit 4 Game Studies ‫بازی‬‫مطالعات‬ / ‫سرگرمی‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
  • 20.
    Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ Clue /kluː/ asign or some information that helps you to find the answer to a problem, question, or mystery ‫سرنخ‬ – ‫نشان‬ – ‫راهنما‬ Demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ to ask for something forcefully, in a way that shows that you do not expect to be refused ‫تقاضا‬ – ‫درخواست‬ – ‫طلب‬ – ‫نیاز‬ Developer /dɪˈvel.ə.pər/ a person or company that makes money from buying land, building new houses, offices, etc., or by changing existing buildings to sel or rent ‫دهنده‬ ‫توسعه‬ Loss /lɒs/ the fact that you no longer have something or have less of something ‫ضرر‬ – ‫زیا‬ – ‫خسران‬ – ‫خدشه‬ Object /ˈɒb.dʒɪkt/ a thing that you can see or touch but that is not usually a living animal, plant, or person ‫هدف‬ – ‫مقصود‬ – ‫چیز‬ – ‫شیء‬ Supplies /səˈplɑɪz/ food and other ordinary goods needed by people every day ‫تدارکات‬ Version /vɜː.ʃən//vɜː.ʒən/ a particular form of something that is slightly different from other forms of the same thing ‫نسخه‬ – ‫متن‬ – ‫تفسیر‬ – ‫ترجمه‬
  • 21.
    Verbs ‫افعال‬ Calculate /ˈkæl.kjə.leɪt/ to judgethe number or amount of something by using the information that you already have, and adding, taking away, multiplying, or dividing numbers ‫کردن‬ ‫محاسبه‬ – ‫حساب‬ ‫کردن‬ Estimate /ˈes.tɪ.meɪt/ to guess or calculate the cost, size, value, etc. of something ‫زدن‬ ‫تخمین‬ – ‫سنجیدن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫برآرود‬ Realize /ˈrɪə.laɪz/ to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly ‫بخشیدن‬ ‫تحقق‬ – ‫فهمی‬ ‫دن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫درک‬ Update /ʌpˈdeɪt/ to make something more modern or suitable for use now by adding new information or changing its design ‫در‬ ‫امروزی‬ ‫بصورت‬ ‫آوردن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫جدید‬ Adjectives ‫صفات‬ Instant /ˈɪn.stənt/ happening immediately, without any delay ‫فوری‬ Original /əˈrɪdʒ.ən.əl/ existing since the beginning, or being the earliest form of something ‫اصلی‬ – ‫اصیل‬ – ‫اصل‬
  • 22.
    Phrasal Verbs ‫گانه‬‫چند‬ ‫عبارات‬ ( ‫بخشی‬ ) Figure out /ˈfɪɡər aut/ to understand or solve something ‫کردن‬ ‫کشف‬ – ‫فهمیدن‬ – ‫سنجیدن‬ Phrase (‫)عبارت‬ Sold out to sell all of the supply that you have of something ‫شده‬ ‫فروخته‬ Video vocabulary (Kids Learn About Finance) ‫میاموزند‬ ‫تجارت‬ ‫زمینۀ‬ ‫در‬ ‫کودکان‬ Majority (n) the largest group of a people or things ‫اکثریت‬ Investing (n) buying property or shares in a company to make money ‫کردن‬ ‫گذاری‬ ‫سرمایه‬ - Grasp (v) to understand ‫فهمیدن‬ – ‫آوردن‬ ‫بچنگ‬ Returns on their investments (n.phr) money made from investing ‫کمائی‬
  • 23.
  • 24.
    Nouns Ancestor a personrelated to you who lived a long time ago ‫نیاکان‬ / ‫اجداد‬ appearance an occasion when someone appears in public ‫ظاهر‬ coincidence an occasion when two or more similar things happen at the same time, especially in a way that is unlikely and surprising ‫تصادف‬ database a large amount of information stored in a computer system in such a way that it can be easily looked at or changed ‫بحث‬ / ‫مذاکره‬ identity a person's name and other facts about who they are ‫هویت‬ input something such as energy, money, or information that is put into a system, organization, or machine so that it can operate ‫ورودی‬ participant a person who takes part in or becomes involved in a particular activity ‫کننده‬ ‫اشتراک‬ Slave a person who is legally owned by someone else and has to work for that person ‫برده‬ tendency If someone has a tendency to do or like something, they will probably do it or like it ‫گرایش‬ / ‫تمایل‬ twin either of two children born to the same mother on the same occasion ‫دو‬ ‫گانه‬ / ‫قلو‬ ‫دو‬
  • 25.
    Verbs adopt to legally takeanother person's child into your own family and take care of him or her as your own child ‫فرزندی‬ inherit to receive money, a house, etc. from someone after they have died ‫بردن‬ ‫ارث‬ ‫به‬ search to look somewhere carefully in order to find something ‫کردن‬ ‫تحقیق‬ Adjective biological connected with the natural processes of living things ‫بیالوژیکی‬ Phrasal verb fit in to feel that you belong to a particular group and are accepted by that group ‫کردن‬ ‫مطابقت‬ / ‫داشت‬ ‫ن‬
  • 26.
    Video Vocabulary reunion Asocial occasion for people who have not seen each other for long time ‫با‬ ‫هم‬ ‫پیوستگ‬ ‫ی‬ long-lost That you have not received news from or seen for a long time ‫دیر‬ ‫مدت‬ nosy Too interested in things that do not concern you ‫کنجکاو‬ / ‫خبر‬ ‫چین‬
  • 27.
    Unit 6 Business ‫تجارت‬ / ‫کار‬ ‫و‬‫کسب‬ Kateb University Hasibullah farhmand
  • 28.
    Nouns ‫ها‬ ‫اسم‬ Advisor /ədˈvaɪ.zər/ someonewhose job is to give advice about a subject ‫مشاور‬ – ‫راهنما‬ – ‫رایزن‬ Colleague /ˈkɒl.iːɡ/ one of a group of people who work together ‫همکار‬ - ‫همقطار‬ – ‫هم‬ ‫کار‬ – ‫شریک‬ Consumer /kənˈsjuː.mər/ a person who buys goods or services for their own use ‫کننده‬ ‫مصرف‬ Craft /krɑːft/ skill and experience, especially in relation to making objects; a job or activity that needs skill and experience, or something produced using skill and experience ‫مهارت‬ – ‫وری‬ ‫پیشه‬ – ‫هنر‬ – ‫صنعت‬ Decade /ˈdek.eɪd/ a period of ten years, especially a period such as 2010 to 2019 ‫دهه‬ – ‫ساله‬ ‫ده‬ ‫دوره‬ – ‫ده‬ ‫عدد‬ Fair /feər/ a large public event where goods are bought and sold, usually from tables that have been specially arranged for the event, and where there is often entertainment ‫نمایشگاه‬
  • 29.
    Inventor /ɪnˈven.tər/ someone who hasinvented something or whose job is to invent things ‫مخترع‬ Review /rɪˈvjuː/ to think or talk about something again, in order to make changes to it or to make a decision about it ‫مرور‬ – ‫خالصه‬ – ‫نظر‬ ‫تجدید‬ – ‫بازدید‬ Adjectives ‫صفات‬ Complicated /ˈkɒm.plɪ.keɪ.tɪd/ involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to understand ‫بغرنج‬ – ‫پیچیده‬ – ‫مغلق‬ Self-sufficient /ˌself.səˈfɪʃ.ənt/ able to provide everything you need, especially food, for yourself without the help of other people ‫مستغنی‬ – ‫بسن‬ ‫خود‬ ‫ده‬ – ‫غیر‬ ‫از‬ ‫نیاز‬ ‫بی‬
  • 30.
    Verbs ‫افعال‬ Market /ˈmɑː.kɪt/ the peoplewho might want to buy something, or a part of the world where something is sold ‫کردن‬ ‫عرضه‬ ‫بازار‬ ‫به‬ – ‫فروختن‬ – ‫قرار‬ ‫فروش‬ ‫معرض‬ ‫دادن‬ Produce /prəˈdʒuːs/ /prəˈduːs/ to make something or bring something into existence ‫کرده‬ ‫تولید‬ – ‫داده‬ ‫ارائه‬ – ‫زاییدن‬ Promote /prəˈməʊt/ to encourage people to like, buy, use, do, or support something ‫کردن‬ ‫ترویج‬ – ‫دادن‬ ‫ترقی‬ – ‫دادن‬ ‫ترفیع‬ Publish /ˈpʌb.lɪʃ/ to make information available to people, especially in a book, magazine, or newspaper, or to produce and sell a book, magazine, or newspaper ‫کردن‬ ‫منتشر‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫چاپ‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫نشر‬ ‫و‬ ‫طبع‬ – ‫صادر‬ ‫کردن‬ Repair /rɪˈpeər/ - /rɪˈper/ to put something that is damaged, broken, or not working correctly, back into good condition or make it work again ‫کردن‬ ‫دایر‬ ‫دوباره‬ – ‫تعمیر‬ ‫کردن‬ – ‫کردن‬ ‫جبران‬ – ‫عازم‬ ‫شدن‬
  • 31.
    Phrasal Verbs ‫گانه‬‫چند‬ ‫عبارات‬ ( ‫بخشی‬ ) Get involved To establish an association, typically work related, with something or some organization. ‫شدن‬ ‫گیر‬ ‫در‬ / ‫بودن‬ – ‫کاری‬ ‫در‬ ‫ماندن‬ ‫گیر‬ .. . Phrase (‫)عبارت‬ Could you explain …? ‫کنید‬ ‫تشریح‬ ‫میتوانید‬ ... ‫؟‬ Do you mean …? ‫اینست‬ ‫منظورت‬ ... ‫؟‬ What does ____mean? ‫این‬ ___________ ‫دارد؟‬ ‫معنی‬ ‫چه‬ What's a (n) _____? ‫این‬ __________ ‫چیزیست؟‬ ‫چه‬ Let me explain. ‫دهم‬ ‫توضیح‬ ‫که‬ ‫دهید‬ ‫اجازه‬ . That's not what I meant. ‫نیست‬ ‫این‬ ‫منظورم‬ . That’s right. ‫است‬ ‫درست‬ . What I mean is … ‫که‬ ‫است‬ ‫این‬ ‫منظورم‬ ... What I'm saying is … ‫که‬ ‫اینست‬ ‫بگویم‬ ‫میخواهم‬ ‫که‬ ‫را‬ ‫چیزی‬ .
  • 32.
    Video vocabulary (eBay)‫ِی‬‫ا‬ ‫سایت‬ ‫بی‬ Retail (n) public events where objects are sold based on who offers the most money ‫فروشی‬ ‫خرده‬ – ‫فروشی‬ ‫پرچون‬ Auctions (n) find a better price ‫حراج‬ – ‫فروش‬ Beat it (phr.n) the price at stores ‫مناسب‬ ‫قیمت‬ – ‫بهای‬ ‫بهتر‬
  • 33.
    Unit 7 Behavioral Science ‫رفتاری‬‫علم‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
  • 34.
    Nouns compost decaying plantmaterial that is added to soil to improve its quality ‫کود‬ current of the present time ‫جاری‬ / ‫فعلی‬ exception someone or something that is not included in a rule, group, or list or that does not behave in the expected way ‫استثنا‬ garbage waste material or unwanted things that you throw away ‫کثافت‬ landfill the process of getting rid of large amounts of rubbish by burying it, or a place where rubbish is buried ‫دفن‬ ‫زباله‬ Recycling bin recycle bin ‫دانی‬ ‫کثافت‬ waste an unnecessary or wrong use of money, substances, time, energy, abilities, etc ‫زاید‬ ‫مواد‬
  • 35.
    Verbs Attract (of people,things, places, etc.) to pull or draw someone or something towards them, by the qualities they have, especially good ones ‫جذب‬ ‫کردن‬ float to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink ‫کردن‬ ‫شنا‬ reduce to become or to make something become smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc. ‫کاهش‬ ‫دادن‬ smell to have a particular quality that others can notice with their noses ‫کرد‬ ‫استشمام‬ ‫ن‬ weigh the amount that something or someone weighs ‫کردن‬ ‫وزن‬
  • 36.
    Adjective deep going orbeing a long way down from the top or surface, or being of a particular distance from the top to the bottom ‫عمیق‬ marine related to the sea or sea transport ‫دریایی‬ Phrase on purpose intentionally ‫عمدا‬ Video Vocabulary unsettling making you feel nervous or worried ‫ناراحت‬ ‫کننده‬ civilization a state of human society that is very developed ‫تمدن‬ entangled something caught or twisted in something ‫افتاده‬ ‫گیر‬ synthetic artificial ‫مصنوعی‬ embedded to fix firmly into something ‫شده‬ ‫سازی‬ ‫جا‬ whipping boy someone often blamed or punished for things other people have done ‫متهم‬ ‫شخص‬
  • 37.
    environmentalists a personconcerned about the natural environment ‫زیست‬ ‫شناس‬ guiltless without guilt; innocent ‫گناه‬ ‫بی‬ torrents a large amount of water moving quickly ‫شدید‬ ‫جریان‬ ‫آب‬
  • 38.
    Unit 8 Public Health ‫عامه‬‫صحت‬ Kateb University Hasibullah Farahmand
  • 39.
    Noun agriculture farming ‫زراعت‬ allergy acondition that makes a person become sick or develop skin or breathing problems because they have eaten certain foods or been near certain substances ‫گاه‬ ‫نمایش‬ bacteria ‫باکتریا‬ climate the general weather conditions usually found in a particular place ‫اقلیم‬ defense the act of protecting someone or something against attack or criticism ‫دفاع‬ dirt dust, soil, or any substance that makes a surface not clean ‫کثافت‬ disease (an) illness of people, animals, plants, etc., caused by infection or a failure of health rather than by an accident ‫امراض‬ germ a very small organism that causes disease ‫میکروب‬ lack the fact that something is not available or that there is not enough of it ‫کمبود‬ sanitation the systems for taking dirty water and other waste products away from buildings in order to protect people's health ‫حفظ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لصحه‬ supply to provide something that is wanted or needed, often in large quantities ‫تدارک‬
  • 40.
    Verbs Decrease to becomeless, or to make something become less ‫دادن‬ ‫کاهش‬ Digest to change food in your stomach into substances that your body can use ‫هضم‬ ‫کردن‬ Interrupt to stop a person from speaking for a short period by something you say or do ‫قطع‬ ‫کردن‬ / ‫کردن‬ ‫اخالل‬ Adjective Average the result you get by adding two or more amounts together and dividing the total by the number of amounts ‫حد‬ ‫اوسط‬ Old-fashioned not modern; belonging to or typical of a time in the past ‫قدیمی‬ Sensible based on or acting on good judgment and practical ideas or understanding: ‫محسوس‬ Underground below the surface of the earth; below ground ‫زمینی‬ ‫زیر‬ Adverb Automatically If a machine or device does something automatically, it does it independently, without human control ‫ب‬ ‫خودکار‬ ‫طور‬
  • 41.
    Video Vocabulary Mother naturethe natural world as it affects the world and humans ‫ذاتی‬ Absorb to take in and keep ‫جذب‬ ‫کردن‬ Miraculous like a miracle ‫معجزه‬ ‫ای‬ Immunology concerning the body’s immune system, which protects against disease ‫شناسی‬ ‫مصونیت‬ Up to date modern ‫بروز‬ / ‫جدید‬ Common sense the ability to think about things in a practical way ‫حس‬ ‫مشترک‬