Based on Moore's Law, the PWEC uses semiconductor Photocatalytic Water Splitting electrodes (8.4 kWh/day), including Solar‐light activated Photo-optic Electrodes for Photocatalysis Reactions which degrade organic contaminants in water simultaneously. Anode electrodes are made from 3D printer coatings of quantum‐dot TiO2 nanotechnology or visible‐light absorbing metal‐doped TiO2 photocatalysis and TiO2‐coated fiber optic cable reactors. Cathodes are simply made of Stainless Steel.

1. The
Caltech-­‐Kohler
Solar
Toilet
Manufactured
in
China
in
a
Joint-­‐Venture
Effort
Involving
CIES1,
JIEI2,
Tsinghua
University3,
&
Caltech4

2. 1CHINA
INTERNATIONAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
SERVICES
CO.,LTD（CIES)
2JIANGSU
INSTITUTE
FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL
INDUSTRY
(JIEI)
3TSINGHUA
UNIVERSITY,
BEIJING
(TU)
4CALIFORNIA
INSTITUTE
OF
TECHNOLOGY
(CALTECH)

14. Treatment
Side
Flow
Diagram

16. Ir0.7Ta0.3Oy / Bi0.3Ti0.7Ox Bilayer Electrodes
Thermal Diffusion of
Metal Ions through
Hetero-juctions

18. Electrochemical
Wastewater
Treatment
t
=
0
m
t
=
24
m
t
=
77
m

19. Color
Changes
&
Total
Coliform
DisinfecYon
vs.
Time
0
m
15
m
30
m
60
m
120
m
180
m
240
m
0 min 30 min 100 min 180 min

20. Enterococcus
DisinfecYon
vs.
Time
E.
coli
Phage
MS2
Adenovirus
rAd5

21. Kohler-­‐Caltech
Single
Family
Unit

23. Manufacturing
Complex
in
Yixing,
China

24. Specifica(ons
4
unisex
water
closets
+
3
urinals
Dimensions
Length
6055
mm
Width
2435
mm
Height
2840
mm
Equipment
Weight 2000
kg
Opera(ng
Power 550
W
Modular
Toilet
Systems
–
First
InstallaYon
on
the
Campus
of
Tsinghua
University
Beijing

25. 1.
Container
base
on
a
padded
base
2.
Install
4
support
columns
3.
Install
toilet
container
roof
4.
Install
wallboard
in
sequence
by
serial
number
5.
Wallboard
installaYon
completed
Field
Assembly
of
Modular
IKEA-­‐Like
Component
Design
Reduces
TransportaYon
Costs

26. Breakdown,
Packing
&
Shipping

27. 系统名称 部件名称 描述 数量
外观 箱体 彩钢板 1台
卫生间 卫生洁具
带洗手省水坐便器 5只
小便斗 5只
水处理室
处理槽
收集水箱 1只
厌氧反应槽 1只
电极反应器 4只
高位水箱 1只
电极 4套
供电系统
太阳能板 300W 13块
蓄电池 24V 300HA 2台
电控系统 全自动运行 1套
五厕位配置清单

28. Westerhoff
et
al.,
Environ.
Sci.
Technol.,
2015,
CharacterizaYon,
Recovery
OpportuniYes,
and
ValuaYon
of
Metals
in
Municipal
Sludges
from
U.S.
Wastewater
Treatment
Plants
NaYonwide
Municipal
WWT
Sludge
1.0
million
people
=
$2.6M/yr
in
Au
&
Ag