PVA specializes in dispensing systems for solar photovoltaic (PV) applications, providing customized equipment that has established them as a leading global supplier. The document outlines the growth in the solar PV market and details various technologies and applications for solar cell manufacturing, including automation in processes like soldering and encapsulation. PVA's products include metering systems, custom work cells, and adhesives, targeting efficiencies and advancements in solar technology.

1. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS

2. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
PVA’s core capabilities are a natural fit for solar PV
applications. Our vast product line, automation
experience, and ability to quickly customize equipment
has launched us a top global supplier of dispensing
systems for the solar PV market. Our unique ability to
serve solar PV manufacturers, system integrators, and
material manufacturers has resulted in over 20 new
customers and over 125 machines/systems in the last 6
years. Solar PV is a primary market for PVA and with
the current market trends it is expected to continue to
grow.

3. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Terminology
Solar Photovoltaic (Solar PV):
Process or technology that
converts sunlight into electricity.
Solar Cell: The device that
converts sunlight into electricity.
Also called a photovoltaic cell.

4. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Solar Module or PV Module: An
interconnected array of solar cells in a
package suitable for the end use application.
Grid Parity: The point at which electricity
produced by solar PV is equal to or cheaper than
grid Power.
BIPV: Building Integrated Photovoltaics.
Solar PV cells & modules that are
integrated into building materials or
components. Examples would be roofing
tiles, spandrel areas on building cladding,
awnings, and skylights.

5. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Grid Parity

6. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Market Overview
PV Industry Total 2011 = $93B
Equipment 2011 = $15B
Solar PV Module Global Production
• 2000: 300 MW/yr
• 2006: 2,200 MW/yr + 100% Say the average solar PV module
• 2007: 3,436 MW/yr + 56% produces 150 watts of power. In
• 2008: 6,850 MW/yr + 99% 2011 manufacturers made
• 2009 9,340 MW/yr + 36% 20,000,000,000/100 =
130,000,000+ solar PV modules.
• 2010 14,000MW/yr + 50%
• 2011 20,000MW/yr + 43%
• 2012 27,000MW/yr est.

7. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Long Term
Outlook

8. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Technology
Crystalline Silicon
•Types
- Monocrystalline – highest efficiency 15-20%
- Polycrystalline – 13-16% efficiency
•85 % market share
•Highest cost/W
Monocrystalline Polycrystalline
Thin Film
•Types
- Amorphous silicon – 8-11% efficiency
- Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) – 10-14% efficiency
- Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide (CIGS) –
10-14 % efficiency
•15% market share
•Lowest cost/W Thin Film

9. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Technology
Concentrator/CPV
•Typically use silicon technology
•Multiply intensity 10 to 2000X
•High cost
•Packaging technology improving
•Less than 1% market share

10. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Technology Efficiency Advantages Disadvantages
Mono 15-20% High efficiency Higher cost
Crystalline Proven technology High shading loss
Poly 13-16% Proven technology High shading loss
Crystalline
CdTe 10-14% Low cost Lower efficiency
Thin Film BIPV friendly Unknown life
Toxic Cadmium
Amorphous Si 8-11% Lowest cost Very low efficiency
Thin Film BIPV friendly
CIGS 10-14% Low cost Low efficiency
Thin Film BIPV friendly Unknown life
Concentrator 16-24% Use small high Packaging
(+100 efficiency Si cells technology/cost
w/conc) Efficiency/Area

11. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Dispensing, Coating &
Encapsulation Applications
•Solder paste (For connections in junction box)
•Junction Box Attachment
•Junction Box Potting
•Edge/Frame Sealing
•Structural Adhesive
- Structural stiffener attachment
- Structural frame assembly
- Mounting bracket attachment
•Thermally conductive interface & adhesive
•Electrical Connection Sealant/Grease
•Cell Encapsulation
•Optical bonding
•Back Side Coating

12. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Backside dispense
Cure Vacuum Cell Placement
Frame Seal dispense
Frame
Tab
J Box Attach
Cure
J Box Potting
Front Side Silicone Test and Sort
Test Dispense
Wafer
Clean and Production
Inspect Glass
c-Si Panel Production Line
With Silicone Encapsulation
Cut Glass

13. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
J Box Attach
Glass Prep
Cure/laminate
Solder Paste Butyl dispense
Solder Leads
Buss
J Box Pot
Rail Attach
Thin film deposition
Test
Thin Film Panel
Glass Prep Production Line

14. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Dispensing Applications
Solder Paste Dispense
• May Be Used on All Modules Where
The Buss Lines From Cells Are
Joined To The Junction Box Leads
• Solder Paste
• Servo Auger Valves, Metering
Valves
• PVA350, Custom Workcells
• Automated

15. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Dispensing Applications
Junction Box Attachment
• Used On All Modules
• One & Two Part Silicone,
Urethane
• Cyanoacrylate & Hot Melt
(temporary)
• RAM Pumps, MX4000
• PVA350 & Custom
Workcells
• Mostly Manual – Use of
Automation Growing

16. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Dispensing Applications
Junction Box Potting
• Used On All Thin Film Modules
• Used on Most Silicon Modules
• Two Part Silicone Is Material Of
Choice
• MX1000, MX1500, MX4000
• Custom Workcells
• Mostly Manual – Use of Automation
Growing
Silicon Style With
Thin Film Style By-Pass Diodes

17. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Dispensing Applications
Frame Sealing
• Used On Silicon Modules
• Rarely Used On Thin Film Modules
• One & Two Part Silicone or Urethane
• Trend: Preferred Over/Replacing Tape
• RAM Pumps, MX4000
• PVA900, Custom Automation
• Typically Automated
Aluminum frame
Seal – Silicone, Urethane,
Polyether
Cover film - glass
Encapsulant – EVA or
Silicone
Solar cells
Back substrate / cover

18. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Dispensing Applications Frame Assembly
Corner Key, Epoxy
Structural Adhesive
• Structural Stiffener Attachment
- Used on Some Thin Film
- One and Two Part Silicone Stiffener,
• Structural Frame Assembly Mounting Bracket
- Both Silicon and Thin Film or Rail Attach
- One and Two Part Silicone & Epoxy
• Mounting Bracket Attachment
-Used on Some Thin Film
-One and Two Part Silicone & Epoxy
• RAM Pumps, MX4000, PCMV
• Custom Workcells
Frame Assembly, Multiple Panels/Modules Secured to
Frame Via Adhesive

19. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Dispensing Applications
Thermally Conductive Interface
•Concentrator Technology
•One and Two Part Silicones
•RAM Pumps, MX1000
•Custom Workcells
•Automated

20. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Dispensing Applications
Electrical Connection Sealant/Grease
•Electrical Connection Protection
•Anti-Corrosion Grease
•RAM Pumps, Metering Valves
•Custom Workcells
•Manual & Automated

21. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Encapsulation Applications
• All Technologies
• Replaces EVA process
• Liquid Silicone Glass to Glass
Encapsulation For Thin Film
• Liquid Silicone Cell Encapsulation
for c-Si
• Cured Silicone/Liquid Silicone Cell
Encapsulation for c-Si
• Two Part Optically Clear Silicone
• MX4000
• Custom Workcells
• Manual & Automated

22. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Optical Bonding &TIM’s
• CPV Applications
• Prism/lens to cell bonding
• Heat sink to chassis TIM
• Two Part Optically Clear
Silicone, & TIM
• MX4000
• PVA6000 & Custom
Workcells
• Manual & Automated

23. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Coatings
• Back Side Coating for Thin Film
• PVA350, PVA650, & Custom
Workcells
• UV Cure Tunnels
• Spray & Flow Coat Valves

24. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Products
Single Component Pumps
•1:1 to 60:1 Ratio
•Integrated Mastic Regulators
•Feed System to MX, Robot, or Hand Held
•Stand Alone or Automated
PVA-55GP
PVA5-GPP With Regulator,
and FC300 On Hand Held Gun

25. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Standard & Custom
Dispense Valves
Custom Flow
Coat Head
Custom Metering Valve
W/Position Feedback &
Micrometer Adjustment
Two Component Metering
Valves “PCMV”

26. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
One Part Metering Systems
•MX1000, MX4000
•Up to 16 Axis Servo Control
•Gear Pump and Rod Displacement
•Programmable
•Stand Alone or Automated
MX4000-1Gear Pump
Two MX4000 Eight Axis
Metering Systems

27. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Two Part Meter Mix
•MX1000, MX1500, and MX4000
•Variable (-VR) and Fixed Ratio (-F)
•Servo Controlled
•Gear Pump and Rod Displacement
•Programmable
•Stand Alone or Automated
MX4000-VR
Gear Pump
MX1000-VR
Rod Displacement
MX1500
Gear Pump/Rod Displacement Hybrid

28. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Work Cells
•Closed Loop Servo/Ball Screw Gantry
•3 and 4 Axis of Controlled Motion
•Standard And Custom Sizes
Custom 3-Axis Workcell
PVA350

29. PVA FOR SOLAR APPLICATIONS
Encapsulation Line
•Flow Coat 1200 X1000 mm Gantry
•IR Cure
•Back Side Coating