This essay analyzes gun control as a public policy issue by outlining the problem definition, agenda setting, and policy formulation stages. It examines how the National Rifle Association frames gun ownership as a problem and lobbies against restrictions. The essay also considers differing viewpoints on gun control and the challenges policymakers face in balancing Second Amendment rights with efforts to reduce gun violence.
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1.The president of the United States must fulfill four role.docxpaynetawnya
1. The president of the United States must fulfill four roles. Define and explain each of the roles/duties of the presidency.
2. The presidency has changed over time from expressing the Whig theory to expressing the stewardship theory. Describe these two theories, and describe the office of the presidency today.
3. When people who wish to become the president of the United States publicly declare their candidacy, up to two years might pass before a person is ultimately chosen. Beginning with what some call the “invisible primary” and following through to the general election, trace the path an individual usually takes from first announcement of candidacy to taking the oath of office.
4. What is the electoral college, and what is its relevance in presidential elections? How are the number of electors arrived at? What is the unit rule, and what effect does it have on election strategy?
5. Each president must staff the cabinet, currently consisting of 15 departments. Each cabinet head commands a large organization charged with carrying out executive directives and implementing laws. As a whole, this represents the governmental bureaucracy. Provide a description of the types of employees who make up the bureaucracy and give examples of what they do.
6. Discuss some of the factors that have an impact on presidential leadership, such as surrounding circumstances, the stage of the term, types of issues, relationship with Congress, and public support.
7. Visit the www.whitehouse.gov website. Take some time to examine current issues as well as suggestions for how citizens can participate in government. Have you ever participated in any of these ways? If so, what was the result? Discuss other ways citizens can make their voices known to or can interact with the executive branch of government. What does becoming informed have to do with the duties of a citizen?
8. Contrast the merit system and the patronage system regarding government employment.
9. The federal budget is an actual law. As with any law, there must be an initiation and congressional approval. Trace the federal budget from initiation to approval. How often must the budget be approved?
10. Often called the fourth branch of government, the bureaucracy has tremendous power in its ability to implement policy. Discuss this power.
11. The Congress can hold the president accountable for all actions. Who holds the bureaucracy accountable for its actions or lack thereof? What are some of the methods used for bureaucratic accountability?
12. Define and explain the traditional and new media roles represented by the terms signaling, common-carrier, watchdog, and partisan. Might carrying out one of these roles (for example, the role of watchdog) work against carrying out another (such as the role of commoncarrier)? Consider our high-choice media system, including the availability of political blogs. Does this system contribute to a moreinformed or less-informed public? Explain yo ...
1. Public Policy Understanding public policy is both an art a.docxjackiewalcutt
1. Public Policy
“Understanding public policy is both an art and a craft.” (Dye, 2010, p. 8). Explain how policy makers can perfect their craft for the betterment of society. Respond to at least two of your fellow students’ postings.
Policy Analysis
“Policy analysis is finding out what governments do, why they do it, and what difference, if any, it makes” (Dye, 2010, p. 4). Discuss your understanding of what policy analysis contains and what policy makers can learn from policy analysis. Provide at least two examples to support your argument.
2 Models of Politics Some Help in Thinking About Public Policy
Models for Policy Analysis
A model is a simplified representation of some aspect of the real world. It may be an actual physical representation—a model airplane, for example, or the tabletop buildings that planners and architects use to show how things will look when proposed projects are completed. Or a model may be a diagram—a road map, for example, or a flow chart that political scientists use to show how a bill becomes law.
Uses of Models.
The models we shall use in studying policy are conceptual models. These are word models that try to
•Simplify and clarify our thinking about politics and public policy.
•Identify important aspects of policy problems.
•Help us to communicate with each other by focusing on essential features of political life.
•Direct our efforts to understand public policy better by suggesting what is important and what is unimportant.
•Suggest explanations for public policy and predict its consequences.
Selected Policy Models.
Over the years, political science, like other scientific disciplines, has developed a number of models to help us understand political life. Throughout this volume we will try to see whether these models have any utility in the study of public policy. Specifically, we want to examine public policy from the perspective of the following models:
•Institutional model
•Process model
•Rational model
•Incremental model
•Group model
•Elite model
•Public choice model
•Game theory model
Each of these terms identifies a major conceptual model that can be found in the literature of political science. None of these models was derived especially to study public policy, yet each offers a separate way of thinking about policy and even suggests some of the general causes and consequences of public policy.
These models are not competitive in the sense that any one of them could be judged “best.” Each one provides a separate focus on political life, and each can help us to understand different things about public policy. Although some policies appear at first glance to lend themselves to explanation by one particular model, most policies are a combination of rational planning, incrementalism, interest group activity, elite preferences, game playing, public choice, political processes, and institutional influences. In later chapters these models will be employed, singularly and in combination, to descr ...
Public Policy Essay
Public Policy Reflection Paper
Procedural Public Policy Essay
Essay On Public Policy
Public Policy Importance
Essay on Public Policy and Administration
Media Influence On Public Policy Essay
Models of Public Policy
Essay on The Creation of Public Policy
Essay Public Policy Evalution
Law and Public Policy
Roles Of Public And Public Policy
Public Policy Essay
Public Policy Analysis: Gun Control Essay
The Policy Making Process Essays
Essay On Texas Public Policy
Climate Change and Public Policy Essay examples
Framing In Public Policy Making
Public Policy Importance
Essay On Public Policy
Essay on Public Policy and Administration
Politics And Public Policy Essay
Public Policy Reflection Paper
The Government And Environmental Policy Essay
1.The president of the United States must fulfill four role.docxpaynetawnya
1. The president of the United States must fulfill four roles. Define and explain each of the roles/duties of the presidency.
2. The presidency has changed over time from expressing the Whig theory to expressing the stewardship theory. Describe these two theories, and describe the office of the presidency today.
3. When people who wish to become the president of the United States publicly declare their candidacy, up to two years might pass before a person is ultimately chosen. Beginning with what some call the “invisible primary” and following through to the general election, trace the path an individual usually takes from first announcement of candidacy to taking the oath of office.
4. What is the electoral college, and what is its relevance in presidential elections? How are the number of electors arrived at? What is the unit rule, and what effect does it have on election strategy?
5. Each president must staff the cabinet, currently consisting of 15 departments. Each cabinet head commands a large organization charged with carrying out executive directives and implementing laws. As a whole, this represents the governmental bureaucracy. Provide a description of the types of employees who make up the bureaucracy and give examples of what they do.
6. Discuss some of the factors that have an impact on presidential leadership, such as surrounding circumstances, the stage of the term, types of issues, relationship with Congress, and public support.
7. Visit the www.whitehouse.gov website. Take some time to examine current issues as well as suggestions for how citizens can participate in government. Have you ever participated in any of these ways? If so, what was the result? Discuss other ways citizens can make their voices known to or can interact with the executive branch of government. What does becoming informed have to do with the duties of a citizen?
8. Contrast the merit system and the patronage system regarding government employment.
9. The federal budget is an actual law. As with any law, there must be an initiation and congressional approval. Trace the federal budget from initiation to approval. How often must the budget be approved?
10. Often called the fourth branch of government, the bureaucracy has tremendous power in its ability to implement policy. Discuss this power.
11. The Congress can hold the president accountable for all actions. Who holds the bureaucracy accountable for its actions or lack thereof? What are some of the methods used for bureaucratic accountability?
12. Define and explain the traditional and new media roles represented by the terms signaling, common-carrier, watchdog, and partisan. Might carrying out one of these roles (for example, the role of watchdog) work against carrying out another (such as the role of commoncarrier)? Consider our high-choice media system, including the availability of political blogs. Does this system contribute to a moreinformed or less-informed public? Explain yo ...
1. Public Policy Understanding public policy is both an art a.docxjackiewalcutt
1. Public Policy
“Understanding public policy is both an art and a craft.” (Dye, 2010, p. 8). Explain how policy makers can perfect their craft for the betterment of society. Respond to at least two of your fellow students’ postings.
Policy Analysis
“Policy analysis is finding out what governments do, why they do it, and what difference, if any, it makes” (Dye, 2010, p. 4). Discuss your understanding of what policy analysis contains and what policy makers can learn from policy analysis. Provide at least two examples to support your argument.
2 Models of Politics Some Help in Thinking About Public Policy
Models for Policy Analysis
A model is a simplified representation of some aspect of the real world. It may be an actual physical representation—a model airplane, for example, or the tabletop buildings that planners and architects use to show how things will look when proposed projects are completed. Or a model may be a diagram—a road map, for example, or a flow chart that political scientists use to show how a bill becomes law.
Uses of Models.
The models we shall use in studying policy are conceptual models. These are word models that try to
•Simplify and clarify our thinking about politics and public policy.
•Identify important aspects of policy problems.
•Help us to communicate with each other by focusing on essential features of political life.
•Direct our efforts to understand public policy better by suggesting what is important and what is unimportant.
•Suggest explanations for public policy and predict its consequences.
Selected Policy Models.
Over the years, political science, like other scientific disciplines, has developed a number of models to help us understand political life. Throughout this volume we will try to see whether these models have any utility in the study of public policy. Specifically, we want to examine public policy from the perspective of the following models:
•Institutional model
•Process model
•Rational model
•Incremental model
•Group model
•Elite model
•Public choice model
•Game theory model
Each of these terms identifies a major conceptual model that can be found in the literature of political science. None of these models was derived especially to study public policy, yet each offers a separate way of thinking about policy and even suggests some of the general causes and consequences of public policy.
These models are not competitive in the sense that any one of them could be judged “best.” Each one provides a separate focus on political life, and each can help us to understand different things about public policy. Although some policies appear at first glance to lend themselves to explanation by one particular model, most policies are a combination of rational planning, incrementalism, interest group activity, elite preferences, game playing, public choice, political processes, and institutional influences. In later chapters these models will be employed, singularly and in combination, to descr ...
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1. Group Theory : Public Policy
2.Group theory
a)Public policy is the product of a group struggle from the organized masses.
b)A group can become a political interest group. A political interest group can make demands or
influence the demands of society on an institution of government
c)A group should consists the following attributes: good leadership, good status/reputation,
resources, sources, social skills and a positive rapport with decisions makers
d)Policy will reflect the interest of the dominant group
e)Disadvantage of group theory The poor and disadvantages are not represented Poor construction of
the group/lack focus or purpose.
3.Elite Theory
a)Reflects the values and preference of the elite
b)The ruling elite has presence and influence of the governmental decision–making
c)Society is divided between the haves and have nots The elite is the selected few but does not
reflex the needs of the masses
d)Elite consensus includes private enterprise, private property, and favors minimal government
intervention – big business.
e)Focus on the role of leadership in policy formation, the few govern the many
4.Institutionalism Theory –
a)The study of government institutions or organizations
b)Public policy is authoritatively determined, implemented and enforced by institutions
c)No outside influence in the policy making
d)Types of institutions: Congress, Executive Branch, political parties
e)A public policy created from institutional theory – No child Left Behind Act
5.
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2. Procedural Public Policy Essay
Despite the fact, that the idea behind the procedural public policy concerns only arbitration
proceedings itself, still the concept has to be scrutinized. Reference to the arbitral proceeding
makes is understandable that procedural public policy deducts from the principle of due process
. Though, there exist affirmation whether procedural public policy overlaps with the Article 1 of
the New York Convention or whether this constitutes more than any breach of due process
should not be a breach of public policy. According to the authors point of view, it has not sense to
restrict the due process only to cases, such as lack of proper notification or lack of arbitrators'
qualification. Failure to present facts of the should not automatically form a breach of due
process and also breach of procedural public policy. One of the main disputable subject matters of
the issue, is how and when parties can properly apply procedural public policy. If case if we
suppose that the overlap between two Articles of the New York Convention, namely Article V 1
(b) and Article V 2 (b) exist, it has to be marked that the first one is used by the respondent (thereby
the the need to provide evidence is placed on the disputing party wishing to dismiss it) while the
second one calls for qualified authority. Even...show more content...
The list consists of such elements as: breach of the possibility to be heard, violation of due
process, fraud arbitrator, lack of reasons or impartiality, lack of valid arbitration contract etc.
Providing the list of grounds that discloses that procedural public policy is breached only if grave
breach took place, which consequently goes beyond the scope of Article V 1 of the New York
Convention, mainly because of the fact that lex specialis derogate legi generali. This
non–comprehensive list of grounds makes procedural pubic policy more pragmatic is its
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3. Roles Of Public And Public Policy
Roles of Public Administrators in the Policy Process The formulation and implementation of public
policy benefit the public. Therefore, public policy is a framework whereby the government pursues
its action plan. Moreover, it is a course of action aimed at responding to a problem and achieving a
goal. Consequently, the formulation of a policy adheres to a particular political process, and it is
enforced and implemented by a public agency. As stated, public policy affects the public, meaning
that it has an effect on the people and how they live. Subsequently, public policy should cover the
needs of the people and enhance their lives. Not all the people can participate in the policy
process, and as a result, those professions that have a direct interaction with the public can play a
big role in representing it in the policy process. Thus, public administrators are best suited to
represent the public in the policy process because they understand needs of the public, the policy
process, and where and when they can influence this process.
Policy Design Public administrators should understand that in a bureaucratic system, they are
essential for good governance. Thus, they are in a position to represent the public and its needs to
the government (Warner, 2001). As stated earlier, the role of policies is to provide a framework for
solving problems. Therefore, from a general perspective, the analytic work in problem–solving
moves toward a certain direction, thus from the
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4. Public Policy Process
Principle place of domicile: Houston, Texas
I have resided only in the State of Texas.
The State of Texas is a diverse, multicultural state that I am proud to be a native of. The city of
Houston in itself is a great city that is full of diversity and where the job market is booming. As I
long to be back home, I am also happy to be at the University of Dayton
School of Law and cheerful for the new challenges that await.
My cultural background is Latin American. Many simply associate their race or ethnicity as a way to
associate themselves with others or to indicate to the government who they are. I cannot speak
enough of other ethnicities, but the Latin American culture is a rich, huge, diverse culture. Both my
parents are Latin American...show more content...
A procedural system in which I have participated before was learning how Congress passes public
policy. I believe the procedural they have is not as strict as the civil procedural system, but it in
fact does a procedural to help create good thorough policies. I have not read the readings yet, but
some key features to Congress passing legislation is The Public Policy Process.
In this process, there are steps for policies to become implemented.
The steps are problem identification, policy formulation, policy adoption, policy implementation
and policy evaluation. A policy always begins with policy identification and so forth, but can go
right back to the first step again and again, if issues or questions arise over the policy in question.
The current remedies to the Public Policy Process aren't much, but a present remedy is abandoning
the policy and start on another policy. Thus, the Public Policy Process is not always efficient.
The fairness in this procedural process may seem democratic in Congress, but many political players
play in the Public Policy Process, like lobbyist and interest groups, which
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5. Essay on The Creation of Public Policy
This paper is about how our government forms and decides to create public policy through the
interaction of the branches, the influence of political parties, and the effects of media. So what is
public policy? Public policy is the action taken by the government to make changes for the better. As
the paper goes on one will learn about this even further throughout it. When dealing with public
policy and how it is created one must know how the idea is even brought up and put into motion.
Anyone can have an idea for public policy and bring it to the government to be made to change
something. When this happens a bill is created with this idea to later become a law if possible.
Public policy is created because an issue arrives that...show more content...
The second step is pointing out all possible decisions. This means making sure all options are
pointed out to know every way that you could end up going with the final decision. The third step
is gathering research and information. This is where data is taken into account to help make a
decision easier. It shows all the pros and cons of each decision to be made. The fourth step is
making the final decision. A final decision is decided upon and is ready to be put into effect
immediately. Lastly step five is evaluating the decision. The decision is looked at as a whole, to
determine if the choice is good or not. ("The Five–Step Decision Making Process ") All these steps
have to be taken to create public policy. The role of the three branches in creating public policy is
pretty important first you start with the Legislative Branch. The legislative branch is where the
public policy creation starts. Someone presents an idea for public policy and they all vote on it. If
any of the senators object the bill becomes postponed for the next day. ("Government 101: How a
Bill Becomes Law.") Then it is further passed down the committees from this point. The committee
is chosen by the speaker of the house or the presiding officer in the senate. "Government 101: How a
Bill Becomes Law." () Usually multiple committees handle the bill. They often split apart a
committee and refer to them as subcommittees. The
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6. Stakeholders In Public Policy Essay
Stakeholders have an imperative role in public policy. They hold an interest in how a program is
operating (266). They do not just apply to corporate America, but various places that people think
of. They are present almost everywhere and everyone is stakeholder, whether it is a job, a school
or in the government. A school could be a considered a program. A teacher is a stakeholder as
teachers have an inducement to have high achieving in their classrooms because they could be
denied tenure and the identical principle applies from the principals to the superintendents of school
systems. Their jobs depend on their specific workstations to thrive. A student could be an additional
stakeholder as how the school performs could establish what skills they attain in the real world.
Without well–performing schools, students will not absorb skills that are needed for surviving in
the real world. Stakeholders can be countless well as they hold companies and institutions
accountable, but can be destructive to a company as many times they may embolden behaviors that
are not entirely ideal. There are voluminous types of stakeholders that perform many duties and
have different types of responsibilities, but there are six main ones that are well known. The six
main types of stakeholders are policymakers, program sponsors, evaluation sponsor, program
managers and practitioners, program targets and other people involved (266) .One well–liked
program that is beloved by the American people is
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7. Political Power And Public Policy
There are many factors that create and compose the American political system. Economic inequality
plays a huge part in composing this system. The argument that has been proposed is that inequality
structures political power and public policy. Having money always gets your far in this country,
especially when it comes to politics. Money can not only advance you, but it can corrupt you. When
you come from wealth it makes entering the political arena easier. That is what I will be arguing
throughout this essay, the fact that there is inequality and that money is what runs politics.
American politics has always been a field that revolves around money. The economy and political
system go hand and hand. Power in the United States comes from economic power. As discussed in
class "to understand political power in the United States one must appreciate the political power
held by corporate America" (Market as Prison). It is not unusual to see corporations and big
businesses controlling the U.S. political power. To give a prime example would be this year's
presidential election. It was between Hillary Clinton who was the former Secretary of State and
Donald Trump who is a well–known business tycoon. Hillary Clinton is worth some 30 plus million
dollars. Donald Trump is worth some 3 plus billion dollars. Clearly money dominates politics. The
fact that the two presidential candidates were both worth substantial amounts of money shows that.
This encompasses the idea of how economic
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8. Public Policy Controversy
A public policy is defined as an important course of action, which is designed to resolve some of the
most compelling issues that American citizens are currently facing, or have faced in the past
(Uhistory.com, 2014). Most public policies revolve around the spectrum of laws that were
implemented by individuals that are not legislators (Uhistory.com, 2014). Anyone including
members of the government can be penalized for not abiding to the rules of a public policy
(Uhistory.com, 2014). However, the process associated with a public policy infringement, can be
often times predicted (Uhistory.com, 2014).
The first and most important step in creating a public policy is to identify the issue (Uhistory.com,
2014). A typically public policy controversy...show more content...
The process of creating and monitoring a policy has no end to it, this is because law makers need
to know if the policy will benefit citizens or create more problems (Birkland, 2011). If they believe
that the policy is not beneficial to citizens, they can either make the necessary changes or get rid of
the policy (Birkland, 2011).
A very prominent policy that is currently being examined is the healthcare Act. Law makers are
currently trying to find ways to make health insurance more affordable for all Americans (Lester,
2014). It is believe that the recently passed Affordable Care Act, has so far provided affordable
health care to a large number of "working age adults" (Lester, 2014). The new initiative has also
contributed to the decrease in poverty levels for some states (Lester, 2014).
In conclusion, creating public policies can be a very useful tool in improving the lives of citizens in
the United States. Making changes to existing policies is another great improvement initiative.
However, it is important that legislators carefully research the short term and long term impact of
certain policies before officially implementing them. I also believe that members of the society
should be given a chance to voice their opinions on all proposed public policies, before a final
decision is
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9. Climate Change and Public Policy Essay examples
It is becoming increasingly certain that climate change will have severe adverse effects on the
environment in years to come. Addressing this issue poses a serious challenge for policy makers.
How we choose to respond to the threat of global warming is not simply a political issue. It is also
an economic issue and an ethical one. Responsible, effective climate change policy requires
consideration of a number of complex factors, including weighing the costs of implementing climate
change policies against the benefits of more environmentally sustainable practices. Furthermore, this
analysis must take place amidst serious gaps in the existing research and technology concerning the
developing climatic condition. For these reasons, global...show more content...
However, even for those who are less motivated by such moralistic calls to action, the fact remains
that conservation is as much an economic issue as an ethical one. While economic considerations are
a problematic feature of climate change policy, under the proper analysis, they also serve as an
important motivator. Economic analysis that weighs all costs and benefits of a particular model
must include environmental considerations. That is to say, the potential for short–term economic
losses caused by conservation in the present, should be measured against the dividends that
conservation will pay in the future (Nordhaus, 2007). If the earth is truly our most valuable
commodity, then analysis under these conditions should recognize that if a "dollar value" were
placed on environmental sustainability, more often than not it would outweigh any initial monetary
loss resultant of the implementation of more sustainable practices. Indeed, if we accept the danger of
global warming to be a real and present one, then the question of how to address it must be given
serious consideration. Research conducted from as early as the 1950s through the present has
afforded us a solid understanding of its causes. In the most basic sense, the problem lies in the
burning of carbon–based fossil fuels such as carbon and oil which leads to the emission of carbon
dioxide (CO2). Gases such as CO2 are referred to as greenhouse gases (GHGs) which accumulate in
the atmosphere. GHGs can
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10. Public Policy Analysis: Gun Control Essay
Public policies are developed in response to the existence of a perceived problem or an
opportunity. The analysis delves into a public issue or problem and assesses a set of proposed
government action for addressing the issue. The job of the analyst is to describe the background and
status of an issue and then, using research and analysis, determine a proper government action to
resolve the issue. By comparing options and weighing their expected benefits, the analyst should
conclude with a recommended course of action or inaction to addressing the issue.
During the problem definition stage, one must realize that "a condition is not a social problem
unless it is seen as violating certain fundamental values and beliefs about how society...show more
content...
The analyst can also find research reports, identification problems, recommendations for new
programs or reform to existing programs, and requests for lobbying activities.
Agenda setting has raised the following questions:
Who recognizes the issue as being a problem and why is it seen as a problem?
The Institute for Legislative Action (ILA) is the lobbying force of the NRA. "The institute works
vigorously to defeat restrictive gun control legislation, pass pro–gun reform legislation, and to
educate the public about the facts concerning the many facets of firearms ownership" (NRA, 2011).
Is the issue looked at differently by groups with different values?
Are public officials interested in responding to the problem and can a public policy be formed to
address the problem?
Do public officials have the means necessary to carry out a policy response?
Has something recently happened to make this issue a problem?
How pressing is this problem?
How long will it take to respond to the problem?
Policy formulation develops policy proposals and goals to resolve the issue and restructure
problems. It determines those barriers that may be incurred and what is needed from other agencies
or the private sector. Also developed, are methods in which to evaluate how success will be judged
and the
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11. Essay On Public Policy
Government Regulation: Public Policy
The Florida State Board of Nursing meet bimonthly, generally during the first week of every even
month. The full board meetings include disciplinary cases, application review, committee reports,
rule discussions and other necessary Board actions. Board meetings are open to the public. The
meeting of my state board of nursing chosen for this scholarly paper related to Government
Regulation: Public Policy, occurred September 26, 2017 the meeting agenda continued to covered
amendments' to Administrative Complaints, (filed by state prisoners') to consider cases where
probable cause has previously been found. The meeting also addressed that Letters of Guidance (C's)
and Dismissals (D's) are all CONFIDENTIAL...show more content...
The review of this meeting of the Florida State Board of Nursing, bimonthly meeting was also very
informative on what is considered a complaint that is legally sufficient and the meaning of finding
probable cause (sufficient reason), and the disciplinary proceedings and regulations and actions, as to
whether probable cause exists (The 2017 Florida Statutes. 2017).
The Florida Board of Nursing is the is the regulatory agency for professional nursing and plays an
integral role in health care practice of nurses and support staff (LPN, CNA) regulations as the board
including Licensing and Registration, Renewal Information, continuing education units, scope of
practice, the nurse practice act The Florida Board of nursing also interact regularly with other
nursing affiliated groups in Florida, as well as the National Council of State Boards of Nursing.
The role of our Florida Nurses Association (FLNA) professional nursing organizations in regulating
professional practice is first the only nursing organization representing all of nursing regardless of
specialty or practice area, advocating for the nursing profession (About the Florida Nurses
Association. n. d. and The 2017 Florida Statutes. 2017).
They [FLNA] speak on behalf of nursing in Tallahassee (regional office) as well as before many
regulatory bodies. The FLNA share our vision to create a unified nursing advocacy program for
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12. Public Policy Essay
Final Paper
Brittany Baity
PPA603: Government Budgeting (MBQ 1118A)
Instructor: Chiji Ohayia
June 06, 2011
Public policy is the study of policy making by governments. A government's public policy is the set
of policies (laws, plans, actions, behaviors) that it chooses. (Lee, Johnson, Joyce, 2008) Since
governments claim authority and responsibility (to varying degrees) over a large group of
individuals, they see fit to establish plans and methods of action that will govern that society. I will
discuss the possible funding options for reducing Georgia's sex offender rate, evaluate how public
policy decisions affect the receipt of revenues, and develop a revenue policy that aligns with
community values.
It is a parent's nightmare: a...show more content...
The Government created a Project Safe Childhood which is a program to protect children from
rapist and sex offenders. The Project Safe Childhood will make a ground for a national
zero–tolerance culture. The Project Safe Childhood program is a strong three–legged stool: one leg
is the federal contributions led by the United States Attorneys around the country, another is state
and local law enforcement, including the Internet Crimes Against Children task forces funded by the
Department's Office of Justice Programs and the third is non–governmental organizations, like the
Financial Coalition Against Child Pornography and the National Center for Missing and Exploited
Children. [NCMEC] (Geffner, 2008)
Under the Project Safe Childhood structure, state, local and federal partners are seeking the toughest
sentences possible. The Government has made half a million dollars available for the Project Safe
Childhood program. This program intends to bring state and local law enforcement together with
federal prosecutors from their regions.
Cooperative law–enforcement work on the registry has already led to some great stories of success.
The first case brought under the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act involved a fugitive
who was arrested by the Social Security Administration for allegedly using a false name and another
man's Social Security number as he tried to set up a new identity for himself. It turns out that this
individual was
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13. Essay on Public Policy and Administration
1.Over time, how have members of the field of public administration examined the subject of policy
and administration (has the dichotomy changed)?
The studies of policy and administration have been viewed in different ways; overtime, the
pre–modern era to its now 21st century outlook has changed. In the beginning, kings had treasures
and tax collector to oversee the daily business of the empire. Today these members are public
servants working in all levels of government; implanting various inputs to produce their desired
policies as results. New policies in public administration spurred from the peoples dissatisfaction
with the government. From corruption, favoritism and self–preservation drew the attention of
change; leading to the...show more content...
303)
For example, "Two months after the attacks, Congress federalized airport security by passing the
Aviation and Transportation Security Act, which created the Transportation Security Administration.
Prior to 9/11, security had been handled by each airport, which outsourced to private security
companies." Thereafter, TSA enforced a stricter security screening for passengers and luggage;
personnel without tickets were banned from passing through security. This showed political
responsiveness and representation; according to the Washington Post, more than 263 government
organizations were either created or reorganized due to 9/11. (PBS.org)
2. How do states interact with other layers of government?
The term intergovernmental relationship is often used to describe the way the states interact with
other layers of government. This also explains their collaborative efforts in working together for a
greater cause. The U.S. Constitution created what is called today as the Federalist system of
government. The Federalist system shaped several layers of government; some of the models use to
explain the workings of the federalist system are the layer cake model, the marble cake model, and
the picket fence model. "The Constitution not only defines the structure and power of the federal
government, but also contains general provisions regarding state government." Furthermore, each
state has its own constitution which contains provisions
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14. Public Policy Importance
Public policy has a tremendous impact on all of society's constituents; accordingly, it is vital for
the same to understand and contribute to the policy making process. In spite of this, present day
data shows an underwhelming amount of personage contributing, or even voting in any part of the
process. Such trends point to a future that is a reflection of a past in which justice, equality, and
liberty are not a natural right. The United States of America was founded upon such principles of
democracy as per an ethical social contract in which the government served the people's best
interests for a common good, yet how can an entity adequately serve a master that lacks the
knowledge necessary to achieve aforementioned. As per Newton's laws of physics "any action has
an equal and opposite reaction"; public policy creates ripples in society that affect individual lives
both consciously and as a byproduct. Consequently, it is of outmost importance to understand
public policy, and the effects they have on all aspects of society. To achieve such a task, I believe
that one must first understand its background, purpose, effects, and most importantly, intricacy.
With this in mind, to truly appreciate and apprehend any public policy, one must understand the
actions that led to such. Whether its economical, racial, or moral reasons all policies have a story
that led to their proposal. It is important to understand how one got to a particular point as a
consequence of previous actions in order to avoid repeating previous errors, and policymaking is
no exception. In fact, understanding what actions led to the policymaking process of any singular
policy allows an individual to act accordingly. Similarly, understanding the past allows
policymakers and constituents alike to see possible consequences of their actions. Using the past
for guidance and reference lets people predict unintended consequences and plan accordingly;
moreover, if a policy has failed in previous proposals it gives reason to avoid repeating the same
mistake. Along similar lines, examples in the history of the United States show how certain policies
are either beneficial or detrimental for the greater good of the people. Looking the past for answers
also
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15. Aidan Johnson
BBE2201
25 April 2016
The Impact of Public Policy on Global Energy And Climate Change As a political science major with
a focus on international politics, energy and the environment are not just a means to an end but
instead they are the focus of the work itself. Rather than studying business and needing energy to run
things effectively, the study of international relationships is in the business of dealing with these
large topics in energy reduction especially as they relate to reducing carbon emissions. The deeper
one dives into the real core of worldwide energy production the more complicated and hopelessly
confusing it may seem. With thousands of government policies dictating energy production, and
hundreds of governments acting around the world to come to agreements concerning emission and
environmental protection, the concern of global climate change as a result of carbon emissions has
been seen by many as beyond hope. However, despite overwhelming odds, in December 2015 a
landmark agreement was reached by 195 countries to decrease global fossil fuel emissions and
attempt to mitigate the effects of global warming. Just a few months later in April of 2016 it was
signed into effect by all of them, and while it still needs to be ratified in many countries this is a
historic step towards protecting the environment from the harmful effects of global warming. Ahead
a brief outline of our domestic energy policy will be examined, followed by an overview of
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16. Politics And Public Policy Essay
Politics and Public Policy essay 2
Question – Britain's foreign policy is not always as ethical as it claims to be. Discuss
Throughout the years, Great Britain has gradually become a country that is known for maintaining a
good global role as well as sustaining good relationships with many countries. Great Britain has built
these relationships and contributed to the aid and fight of many wars and global issues. At the base
of these relationships is Britain's foreign policy. The foreign policy for the United Kingdom is
controlled and implemented by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office which is led by the
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs. The job of creating foreign policies
and enforcing them is taken on by these organisations as well as the input from the prime
minister, businesses and various institutions and agenices. The aim of the foreign policy is to
create fair and ethical policies to maintain global relationships however despiste this, there has
been various issues that have questioned the foreign policy's abilty to support these aims. In this
essay I will explore the pros and cons of the foreign policy, how the foregin policy is changing, the
work it does and finally the importance of it to find out if the foreign policy is really as ethical as it
claims to be.
Britain is a country known for the support it gives to many countries when they are facing a time of
grief or difficulties. It could be argued that the british foreign policy is
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17. Major Public Policy Issues In The United States
In the United States, you will find several public policy issues, some ranging from small issues to
bigger issues. Public policy issues are a system of laws that are publicly funded and regulated. You
have multiple issues that keep recurring such as education the more education you want the more
money you will need. Then you also have the minimum wage laws stating that if start at a job you
have you have no lower seven twenty–five unless you are a waitress/waiter. One of the major public
policy issues that surrounds the U.S today is public assistant. Public assistant are programs that are
governmentally funded made to help a certain class of people usually the poverty level people or
sometimes even middle class. However not everyone able to receive this help to receive these
benefits you need to qualify. This means that you must make either gross a certain amount monthly
and or yearly to qualify. Some public assistance programs include Medicaid, food stamps, temporary
assistance for needy families. Public...show more content...
I have seen firsthand a family get denied because they were honest on their application vs. a
family that was making double what they said they were but lied to get the help that they needed.
These doesn't only affect the people that cannot receive help but it also affects everyone else
because they receive all the help from the taxes that people pay. People want to know that their
money is going to the good of people and not have them feel like all their hard work is going to
waste. People turn around and use all these benefits for the wrong reasons, if there was a way to
monitor the use of public programs money just to make sure that the money is being used for the
right reasons. One of the things that I believe is good is the fact that if they do check on you and
you have lied on the application this will automatically ruin the chances of your kids receiving
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18. Critical Analysis
According to William Jenkins (1989) public policy is a set of interrelated decisions taken by a
political actor or a group of actors concerning the selection of goals and the means of achieving
them within a specified situation where those situations showed in public policy be within the power
of those actors to achieve. In this case, public policy involves making policies that are involved in
enhancing health care reforms in the Canadian situation. Policies are often as a result of a multiple
decisions but multiple decisions taken by multiple decision makers through government organs.
There are certain essential components necessary to ensure the success of public policy. It is a
purposive, goal–oriented behavior rather random or chance...show more content...
It is for this reason that reasonable and applicable policies are made in order to ensure actualization
of this policies. The United Nations (UN) affirms that health care is a right of all citizens and a
country should actually come up with means of achieving and enhancing health care systems.
A health care system is the patterns of beliefs about the causes of illness, norms governing the
choice and evaluation of treatment and institutions and settings in which healthcare takes place as
well as relation that govern the interactions between the patients and their healers. Policy
formulation is when a government acknowledges the existence of a perfect problem and the need
to do something about the policy makers need to decide on some cause of action which is done
by exploring the various options available for addressing the problem. A writer known as Charles
Jones(2002) emphasizes that distinguishing characteristic of policy formulation is that means are
proposed to resolve perception of need that exist in society. The proposals may originate in the
agenda setting process itself as a problem and its solutions are placed simultaneously as a problem
and its solutions are placed simultaneously in government agenda or may be developed after the
government has agreed to address the problem (Caulfield & Von T, 2002).
Modernism has brought up different aspects and notions of health care. It encompasses the
accessibility
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19. Women 's Rights : Women And Public Policy
The half of world's population is female and women are actively participating in politics across
the globe. However, women are still subjected to men in many ways and still face entrenched
inequality. Everyone experience the distinct contrast between masculinity and femininity in
everyday and patriarchy is too dominant in most societies. The patriarchal system places
masculinity above femininity, and men are privileged as a result. Women 's rights are
increasingly on the rise. For example, South Korea has elected a female president in 2013 and she
is the first female president in the history of Korea. This is the sign of rise of women 's right a lot.
In this essay, it will show how some influence in the country and to ensure that women have the
power and the state of feminism, women 's political participation, women and public policy, let 's
respect. How to develop and move forward for women 's rights will let you know.
"Feminism is a collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining, establishing, and
defending equal political, economic, and social rights for women." (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/Feminism) This includes seeking to establish equal opportunities for women in education and
employment. "A feminist advocates or supports the rights and equality of women.
(Tickner,2008:266) Feminist theory, which emerged from these feminist movements, aims to
understand the nature of gender inequality by examining women 's social roles and lived
experience; it has
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20. Public Policy Essay : Drug Policy
Rickey Corporan
5/2/15
Public Policy Essay: Drug Policy
Public Policy is the righteous guide to action taken by the decision–making executive branches of the
state with regard to a class of issues that are reliable with law and institutional levies. The basis of
public policy is self–ruled by national legal laws and guidelines. Further substrates contain both
judicial explanations and regulations in which it becomes official by legislature. While dealing with
issues that concern public policies in the United States, policymakers overlook a certain bill and
have the right to enforce the law or veto it.
One particular Policy that is popular today is the Drug policy of the United States. This particular
public policy is Drug Policy of the United States. It all started when usage of drugs has increased in
all categories since the beginning of the exclusion on January 20, 1920. Also. Drug usage reached a
certain peak level when the usage of Opium started after the Harrison Act of 1914 was heartened.
Between 1972 and 1988, cocaine usage more than five times the regular limit, in which it introduced
two popular drugs: amphetamines and ecstasy which have shown similar improvements.
The drug policy of the United States was built by The Office of National Drug Control Policy,
which came from a former cabinet–level section of the president's Executive Office. This action led
to the establishment of the Anti–Drug Abuse Act of 1988. The goals of this program are to establish
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