The video discusses psychographics, which is the study of personality, values, opinions, attitudes, interests and lifestyle to understand customer segments. It identifies 7 common customer types - Belongers, Achievers, Emulators, Socially Conscious, Balanced, Needs-Driven. Methods to determine psychographics include surveys and focus groups. Tactics like targeting emotions and exclusivity can be used in psychological marketing. Effective use of psychographics requires understanding customer segments and applying the data to deeply connect with target markets.