This research report examines the prospect of establishing a nuclear power plant in Bangladesh. It discusses the country's growing energy demands and shortages. The report analyzes the benefits of nuclear energy compared to traditional fossil fuels, as well as challenges such as cost, safety regulations, waste disposal, and security concerns. Primary research was conducted including surveys of existing power plants and the proposed Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant. The report recommends creating a comprehensive legal framework and enhancing domestic nuclear technology development to safely meet Bangladesh's energy needs.

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Research Report on
Prospect of Nuclear Power Plant in Bangladesh
Md:Rohel Uddin

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Contents
Title of research report………………………………………………………..01
Contents
1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………..03
1.1 Problem statement……………………………………………………..03-04
1.2 Objective………………………………………………………………04
1.3 Research Questions…………………………………………………04-05
1.4 Research Hypothesis…………………………………………………04-05
2. Background & Significance……………………………………………
3. Literature Review……………………………………………………………….
4. Research Methodology………………………………………………………….
1. Regulatory and Legal Concerns…………………………………………….
2. Ensuring Reactor Safety through Technological Means…………………….
3. Nuclear Waste Treatment……………………………………………………
4. Worry about the Security of Nuclear Material……………………………….
5. Data collection……………………………………………………………..
6. Data analysis………………………………………………………………...
5 Time Schedule……………………………………………………………………..
6 Budget 10
7 Research Findings / Results 10
8 Discussion 10
9 Recommendation 1o
10 Conclusion 11
11 References 11-12

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Topic name: Prospect of Nuclear Power Plant in Bangladesh
1. Introduction:
1.1 Problem Statement:
The consumption of electric energy in Bangladesh has grown notably in the last few decades and the gap
between demand and production of this energy is increasing day by day. The country is facing a major
challenge to meet up the demand. According to Bangladesh Power Development Board, in the year 2013
against a peak electricity demand of 8349 MW, the maximum production of electricity was only 6675
MW.[1] Such production shortages in every year are greatly affecting the growth of GDP and overall
development of this country. With a power sector which is almost dependent on natural-gas fired
generation, the country is confronting a simultaneous shortage of natural gas and electricity. According to
Ministry of Power, Energy and Mineral Resources nearly 800 MW of power could not be availed from
the power plants due to shortage of gas supply. Other fuels for generating low-cost, base-load electricity,
such as coal, or large hydropower, are not readily available and thus these primary resources are no more
a dependable source of electricity production. The present system of electricity production is not only
inadequate but also the harm to the nature is more from this system. Burning of fossil fuel produces a
heavy amount of greenhouse gases which damage the equilibrium of nature. These gases cause the
temperature of the earth to increase which leads to the melting of polar ice. Thus the sea level rises and
more and more land goes under water. So it is time to go beyond the traditional lines of production of
electric energy and bring about a significant change in its production. To keep pace with the increasing
demand it needs a source that can produce much more electricity than the present production. Such a
breakthrough in electricity production can only be achieved through the introduction of Nuclear Power
Plant in power generation system of Bangladesh. Nuclear energy is produced by fission reaction of
radioactive metals in a nuclear reactor. The amount of energy produced from nuclear reaction is gigantic
compared to the energy produced from other primary resources. Nuclear power plants also have a higher
rate of efficiency compared to other primary energy based power plants. On the other hand, a nuclear
power plant produces very little amount of greenhouse gases, so it is much safer.

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1.2 Objectives:
i. To find out the prospect of nuclear power plant in our country.
ii. To solve total electricity problem in our country.
iii. To developed total sector in our country.
iv. To reduce the pressure from fossil fuel, coal and gas.
v. To find out what type challenge face of nuclear power plant.
1.3 Research Questions:
There are many question may come during this project. The questions are:
i. Why should our country move towards the nuclear power generation?
ii. What are the positive impacts of nuclear power plant?
iii. What are the negative impacts of nuclear power plant?
iv. How to build up nuclear power plant?
v. How to maintain the nuclear power plant?
1.4 Research Hypothesis:
i. It is very costly on construction and maintenance
ii. It is not easy to continue in our country.
iii. Raw materials are not available in our country.
iv. But, if we could than totally solve electricity problem in our country.

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2. Background and signification:
Electricity is the key ingredient for socio-economic development of any country. The
consumption of electric energy in Bangladesh has grown notably in the last few decades and
the gap between demand and production of this energy is increasing day by day. Such
production shortages in every year are greatly affecting the growth of GDP and overall
development of this country. With a power sector which is almost dependent on natural-gas
fired generation, the country is confronting a simultaneous shortage of natural gas and
electricity. Other fuels for generating low-cost, base-load electricity, such as coal, or large
hydropower, are not readily available. So it is time to go beyond the traditional lines of
production of electricity. To keep pace with the increasing demand it needs a source that can
produce much more electricity than the present production. Such a breakthrough in electricity
production can only be achieved through the introduction of Nuclear Power Plant in power
generation system of Bangladesh.
1. Literature Review:
Lord May's study (as cited in Brave New Climate blog-UK, 2015) define, rising demand
for energy will place ever greater burdens on the natural world, threatening its rich
biodiversity, unless societies accept nuclear power as a key part of the "energy mix". The full
gamut of electricity-generation sources, including nuclear power, must be used to replace the
burning of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and gas if the world is to have any chance of
mitigating severe climate change. Bangladesh has very few natural resources which are being
used to produce

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electricity, such as- coal, natural gas, furnace oil, diesel and hydro. Coal is harnessed
from coal mines situated in the northern portion of Bangladesh and there are several
gas fields lying all around the country. But it is not possible to harness enough coal
from the mines because of negative effects of it on nature and gas fields have limited
balance of gas left in them. Bangladesh has to import furnace oil and diesel from
abroad. At the current rate of natural use in Bangladesh the current estimated proven
reserves would last 45 years. Even if the present rate of use increased at 10% per year,
these reserves would last about 17 years (source: Wikipedia).Power sector ranks the
highest (44%); fertilizer sector ranks the second (28%); and industry, domestic,
commercial and other sectors together rank third (22%) in gas consumption. Currently
12gas fields under public and private sectors are in production with gas supply
between 900 and 930mmcfg per day. These days one of the biggest concerns of the world is
the greenhouse gas emission.
The burning of fossil fuel emits harmful gases like carbon di-oxide, carbon monoxide,
sulphur di-oxide, sulphur tri-oxide, etc. in the atmosphere altogether known as the
greenhouse gases. These gases raise the temperature of the atmosphere trapping the
heat radiated from the earth making the world a vulnerable place to live in.
4. Research Methodology:
1. Regulatory and Legal Concerns:
The main law regarding nuclear power project is the Nuclear Power Plant Act 2015. The Act
sets up the Nuclear Power Company of Bangladesh (NPCB) to operate the plant, however,
BAEC will remain as an owner of the power plant. However, the law does not contain any
provisions

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for the consequences of any nuclear power plant disaster. Bangladesh needs a comprehensive
law on nuclear power production which is necessary in order to guide the future safe energy
production. The government should make clear policies to address the impact of nuclear safety
regulations and liability rules.
2. Ensuring Reactor Safety through Technological Means:
The government of Bangladesh wishes to develop, expand and enhance the internationally
advanced fission technology and achieve localization. It cannot be denied that such process
includes the development of technology from the phrases of the introduction, digestion, and
demonstration. However, due to various reasons, currently, the types of imported reactor
technology from ROSATOM is complex, and the lack of domestic human resource to deal with
such technology will affect the nuclear energy production. Any fission technology will not
provide efficient production without the proper domestic introduction and demonstration of such
technology In general, lack of experts on nuclear technology can constitute a great challenge on
the efficient production of nuclear power in Bangladesh. As ROSATOM is a partner for the first
nuclear power plant in the country, most of the nuclear technologies adopted are the Russian
technologies. The RNPP will be equipped with two VVER-1200 water-cooled, water-moderated
power reactors of the AES-2006/V-392M design. The RNPP incorporates the defence-in-depth
protection system, which is a multi-layer protection and mitigation system. Any human or man-
made accidents can be mitigated using the system ensuring safety to the environment.
.3. Nuclear Waste Treatment:
Nuclear waste and spent fuel accumulation is rapidly growing. By some estimations, the world
now contains 180,000 tHM of nuclear waste. The new agendas of Europe and America present a
negative impression towards nuclear technology, and thus, they are in the process to closing
down some of their nuclear power plants. Such decisions of Europe and America will surely
have an impact on the nuclear waste disposal and it is estimated that the growth of nuclear waste
can cease. The nuclear waste of the RNPP will not be a huge amount as Bangladesh has aimed
for a limited nuclear power generation scale. However, the government should be clear about the
policies and initiatives that should be taken for nuclear waste disposal. It is unfortunate that, until
now the government has not initiated any related talks, research or policies that provide a
comprehensive.

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4. Worry about the Security of Nuclear Material:
Although nuclear materials will be strictly supervised by the Government of Bangladesh,
however, there remain a certain concern due to the increasing terrorism activities in the region.
Only about 3% of uranium-235, which is the core nuclear fuel, is used in nuclear power plants to
generate electricity. The usage of 3% of uranium-235 is far below that of the nuclear weapons
(more than 90%). Furthermore, chain fissile reaction in nuclear power production have different
control technologies which is very dissimilar from the technology that is used to design nuclear
weapons. Hence, in general, there is no huge threat of the nuclear proliferation from the nuclear
power technology, however, the increasing questions on security lead to an anxious public
perception relating to the safety of the nuclear materials.
4.1 Data Collection:
In this study, the primary data was used. This study mainly focused on the present status of
nuclear power plant in Bangladesh. Data collection included materials collection, transportation,
equipment and environment in selected area. To find out the solution, the primary data was
collected from various classes of people and the respondents were selected randomly. Both
qualitative and quantities data were collected through direct field observation, focus group
discussion with the engineers. Primary Data was also collected by visiting the nuclear power
plant.
4.2 Data Analysis:
The data had been collected from various sources so it transcribed. The data was classified
according to the contents. The organized data was then overviewed to get a general sense of
emerging trends, patterns, and concepts. The data was divided into broad categories like
background of study, objective ,methodology in the decision making process and so on.

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5. Time Schedule:
Total time available 4 Months
Activity Time period
Finding and reading 3 weeks
Designing materials 4weeks
Learning how to use 3 weeks
Designing questionnaires 1 week
Running tests 1 week
Analyzing data 1 week
Writing up 1 week
Rewriting 1 week
Through proof-reading 1 week
Submission 18 December 2018
6. Time works:
6.1. 1st month Survey on existing power plant Bangladesh.
6.2. 2nd month Survey on nuclear power plant and its safety factor Bangladesh .
6.3. 3rd month survery on ‘Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant’.
6.4. 4th month analysis the data,preparing the report and declearation.
Budget:
Purpose cost (tk)
1. Transportation cost=30000 tk
2. Communication cost=10000
3. Food and hotel cost =20000tk
4. Others cost= 10000 tk
Total cost=70000 tk

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7. Research Findings / Results:
Primary sources of energy like coal, natural gas, crude-oil can’t provide that much of
energy as Nuclear Energy. It is seen that the source of nuclear energy- natural uranium can
provide about 10000 times more energy than crude-oil the second highest heat value
provider.
8. Discussion:
Nuclear energy these days are safe and reliable, on the context of Bangladesh capable of
reducing the gap between demand and production significantly. The 3rd Generation
Pressurized Water Reactors with automated and in-built safety features make Nuclear Energy
a reliable source of massive electricity production. On the basis of present energy scenario of
Bangladesh nuclear energy based power production should be the best solution to the overall
energy.
9. Recommendation:
The above analysis provides a fruitful picture for our following discussions on suggestions
and recommendations:
1. Creating a Comprehensive Legal and Regulatory System.
2. Enhance Domestic Nuclear Technology Development and Imported Technology
Localization.
3. Cost Minimization of Nuclear Power Generation and Promoting Market Competitiveness.
4. Accelerate a Cleaner Process of Nuclear Technology Development.
5. Accelerate a More Efficient Process of Reactor and Nuclear Fuel Cycle Development

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10. Conclusion:
Nuclear energy these days are safe and reliable, on the context of Bangladesh capable of
reducing the gap between demand and production significantly. The 3rd Generation
Pressurized Water Reactors with automated and in-built safety features make Nuclear Energy
a reliable source of massive electricity production. On the basis of present energy scenario of
Bangladesh nuclear energy based power production should be the best solution to the overall
energy.
REFERENCES
Bangladesh Energy Situation. (2015, April 18). Retrieved from
https://energypedia.info/wiki/Bangladesh_Energy_Situation
Centre for Energy Studies, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. (20113,
September 21). Retrieved from
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_University_of_Engineering_and_Technology
Dhaka Electric Supply Company Limited. (2012, August 24). Retrieved from
https://mpemr.gov.bd/power-division
Hashemian, H. (2011). Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation and Control. Nuclear Power -
Control, Reliability and Human Factors,1, 5-7. doi:10.5772/18768
Lüsted, M. A., & Lüsted, G. (2005). A nuclear power plant(2nd ed., Vol. 1). San Diego, CA:
Lucent Books.

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PETROBANGLA. (2014, March 17). Retrieved from http://www.petrobangla.org.bd/
Siddiky, I. A. (2015). The Rooppur nuclear power plant: Is Bangladesh really ready for
nuclear power? The Journal of World Energy Law & Business,8(1), 20-25.
doi:10.1093/jwelb/jwu040
The World Nuclear Supply Chain An Overview. (2011, December 16). Retrieved from
https://www.bing.com/cr?IG=04B025C4924A4464BC0C54A0F6147668&CID

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1. Bangladesh Energy Situation. (2015, April 18). Retrieved from. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://energypedia.info/wiki/Bangladesh_Energy_Situation
2.