The document discusses personality traits and entrepreneurship. It analyzes research on personality characteristics of entrepreneurs from India and other countries. The research found that traits like internal locus of control, ambiguity tolerance, self-confidence, and innovativeness were important for entrepreneurs. Additionally, family history and education also impacted entrepreneurial tendencies. The document also discusses the importance of social entrepreneurship and how certain personality traits like agreeableness and openness can positively impact social entrepreneurship. Overall, the document analyzes different studies on the relationship between personality traits and entrepreneurial ambitions and intentions.
Entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial education and performanceYing wei (Joe) Chou
1. The study examines the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (including proactiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking) and business performance, as well as the role of entrepreneurship education.
2. The findings show that innovative proactiveness positively influences non-financial business performance, while risk-taking propensity does not influence financial or non-financial performance.
3. Entrepreneurship education was also found to have no connection with entrepreneurial orientation or business performance.
This study explains factors that influence enterprise creation among graduates within a public university in Malaysia.
The analysis of the data reflects the vision and mission of that university to promote entrepreneurial skills among its
student. This study recognises four factors that influence students starting a business after graduation. These factors
are; 1) individual's intention and characteristics, 2) family background, 3) culture and 4) financial resources.
Individual's intention and characteristics expedite enterprise creation, while family background presents students'
ability to participate in businesses. Culture draws upon cumulative knowledge, experience, belief and values that can
cultivate a person's thought and mindset, meanwhile, financial resources draw upon financial assistance made
available to students for starting-up enterprises. These factors were tested using regression coefficient, reliability and
descriptive methods. This is to ensure data received are legit and valid to use for this study.
Enhancement of critical thinking skills of vocational and adult education stu...Alexander Decker
This document discusses strategies for enhancing critical thinking skills among vocational and adult education students in Nigeria. It finds that skills like analyzing, evaluating, and challenging assumptions are important. Some identified strategies include debate, group discussion, solving problems/puzzles, and capacity building programs for lecturers. The goal is to develop students' critical thinking to promote entrepreneurship and employability.
This article was prepared in order to investigate whether the teachers working in a Business Administration BA degree have an entrepreneurial profile, with the aim of finding whether such teachers are able to support the Pedagogical Proposal of the Institution to which they belong to in what concerns the requirement of the course and also the Pedagogical Proposal of the course itself. The methodological procedure adopted was the
Documentary Analysis, i.e., a study that is based on documents such as books, statistic maps, journal articles and the procedure of a Case Study. The data collection technique adopted was also the Documentary Analysis plus a
Survey-type questionnaire. As a result, the Research has shown that the teachers of said course do have an entrepreneurial profile that range from medium to medium-high, plus a good knowledge of Entrepreneurship Education, which can truly guarantee the Course Pedagogical Proposal
Student's Behaviour in Start Up Business Trendijtsrd
This paper focuses on the students' trend in starting their own businesses on graduation. Moreover, it evaluates the undergraduate students at university level to create their own companies on graduation and analyse the personal attributes and competencies that may influence such trend. The statistical procedures adopted in the processing of the data collected from a sample of 240 students with particular regard to the possibility of their establishing their own enterprise. Gender, risk, factors related to profession employment choice and academic training were found to significantly affect students' interest in and motivation for start up business. Huynh Canh Thanh Lam ""Student's Behaviour in Start-Up Business Trend"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30147.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/commerce/30147/student%E2%80%99s-behaviour-in-startup-business-trend/huynh-canh-thanh-lam
Entrepreneur Development Process at Family Environment to National and Global...inventionjournals
This document summarizes a study on the entrepreneur development process of an individual from their family, national, and global environments. The study examines Alim Markus, the founder of PT Maspion, who developed his business from a small oil lamp factory into a large conglomerate. The summary is:
1) From their family environment, the entrepreneurship formation process was influenced by economic problems and capital constraints that led Markus to work in a factory and help expand his father's business.
2) From the national environment, business expansion plans with his siblings contributed to his entrepreneurial development.
3) In the global environment, long-term business development efforts pioneering national and international joint ventures contributed to
The influence of individual factors on the entrepreneurial intentionijmvsc
Today, no one is safe from forces and pressures, which are exerted on it, because of a significant number
of the requirements in particular as regards competitiveness, the need for change, or the crises and the
deregulations. In front of the economic and social turbulences which we know, the creation of new
company appears as a cause of general interest. This research papers focuses on the problematic of the
entrepreneurship, and more particularly on the stake which this domain represents in our society, by
treating the determinants of the entrepreneurial intention. To face this news gives, students must
reconsider their behaviors and their practices to renew themselves, to open out and reinforce their
position in the market. Some of these practices form what one calls the entrepreneurial orientation. For
this reason, we will devote this paper for better encircling and apprehending the concept of individual
factors, and we tried to know how the individual factors (motivations, need for accomplishment, need for
autonomy, passion to develop its own idea, individual characteristics, work experience, teaching) can
influence the intention of the entrepreneur to create his own project. We focused on review literature
through a survey of a sample of students from the Higher Institute of Business Administration of Sfax
(Tunisia).
Entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial education and performanceYing wei (Joe) Chou
1. The study examines the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (including proactiveness, innovativeness, and risk-taking) and business performance, as well as the role of entrepreneurship education.
2. The findings show that innovative proactiveness positively influences non-financial business performance, while risk-taking propensity does not influence financial or non-financial performance.
3. Entrepreneurship education was also found to have no connection with entrepreneurial orientation or business performance.
This study explains factors that influence enterprise creation among graduates within a public university in Malaysia.
The analysis of the data reflects the vision and mission of that university to promote entrepreneurial skills among its
student. This study recognises four factors that influence students starting a business after graduation. These factors
are; 1) individual's intention and characteristics, 2) family background, 3) culture and 4) financial resources.
Individual's intention and characteristics expedite enterprise creation, while family background presents students'
ability to participate in businesses. Culture draws upon cumulative knowledge, experience, belief and values that can
cultivate a person's thought and mindset, meanwhile, financial resources draw upon financial assistance made
available to students for starting-up enterprises. These factors were tested using regression coefficient, reliability and
descriptive methods. This is to ensure data received are legit and valid to use for this study.
Enhancement of critical thinking skills of vocational and adult education stu...Alexander Decker
This document discusses strategies for enhancing critical thinking skills among vocational and adult education students in Nigeria. It finds that skills like analyzing, evaluating, and challenging assumptions are important. Some identified strategies include debate, group discussion, solving problems/puzzles, and capacity building programs for lecturers. The goal is to develop students' critical thinking to promote entrepreneurship and employability.
This article was prepared in order to investigate whether the teachers working in a Business Administration BA degree have an entrepreneurial profile, with the aim of finding whether such teachers are able to support the Pedagogical Proposal of the Institution to which they belong to in what concerns the requirement of the course and also the Pedagogical Proposal of the course itself. The methodological procedure adopted was the
Documentary Analysis, i.e., a study that is based on documents such as books, statistic maps, journal articles and the procedure of a Case Study. The data collection technique adopted was also the Documentary Analysis plus a
Survey-type questionnaire. As a result, the Research has shown that the teachers of said course do have an entrepreneurial profile that range from medium to medium-high, plus a good knowledge of Entrepreneurship Education, which can truly guarantee the Course Pedagogical Proposal
Student's Behaviour in Start Up Business Trendijtsrd
This paper focuses on the students' trend in starting their own businesses on graduation. Moreover, it evaluates the undergraduate students at university level to create their own companies on graduation and analyse the personal attributes and competencies that may influence such trend. The statistical procedures adopted in the processing of the data collected from a sample of 240 students with particular regard to the possibility of their establishing their own enterprise. Gender, risk, factors related to profession employment choice and academic training were found to significantly affect students' interest in and motivation for start up business. Huynh Canh Thanh Lam ""Student's Behaviour in Start-Up Business Trend"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-2 , February 2020,
URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30147.pdf
Paper Url : https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/commerce/30147/student%E2%80%99s-behaviour-in-startup-business-trend/huynh-canh-thanh-lam
Entrepreneur Development Process at Family Environment to National and Global...inventionjournals
This document summarizes a study on the entrepreneur development process of an individual from their family, national, and global environments. The study examines Alim Markus, the founder of PT Maspion, who developed his business from a small oil lamp factory into a large conglomerate. The summary is:
1) From their family environment, the entrepreneurship formation process was influenced by economic problems and capital constraints that led Markus to work in a factory and help expand his father's business.
2) From the national environment, business expansion plans with his siblings contributed to his entrepreneurial development.
3) In the global environment, long-term business development efforts pioneering national and international joint ventures contributed to
The influence of individual factors on the entrepreneurial intentionijmvsc
Today, no one is safe from forces and pressures, which are exerted on it, because of a significant number
of the requirements in particular as regards competitiveness, the need for change, or the crises and the
deregulations. In front of the economic and social turbulences which we know, the creation of new
company appears as a cause of general interest. This research papers focuses on the problematic of the
entrepreneurship, and more particularly on the stake which this domain represents in our society, by
treating the determinants of the entrepreneurial intention. To face this news gives, students must
reconsider their behaviors and their practices to renew themselves, to open out and reinforce their
position in the market. Some of these practices form what one calls the entrepreneurial orientation. For
this reason, we will devote this paper for better encircling and apprehending the concept of individual
factors, and we tried to know how the individual factors (motivations, need for accomplishment, need for
autonomy, passion to develop its own idea, individual characteristics, work experience, teaching) can
influence the intention of the entrepreneur to create his own project. We focused on review literature
through a survey of a sample of students from the Higher Institute of Business Administration of Sfax
(Tunisia).
THE INFLUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL FACTORS ON THE ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTIONijmvsc
This document summarizes a research study on the influence of individual factors on entrepreneurial intention. It discusses motivations, need for achievement, autonomy, passion for ideas, individual characteristics, work experience, and education. A literature review identified these individual factors and their hypothesized influence on entrepreneurial intention. Researchers administered a questionnaire to 250 business students in Tunisia to test these hypotheses. The results were analyzed to understand the impact of individual factors on entrepreneurial intention in the Tunisian context.
982016 University of Phoenix Managing Innovation and Entrep.docxransayo
9/8/2016 University of Phoenix: Managing Innovation and Entrepreneurship
https://phoenix.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781483322667/cfi/6/32!/4/2/[email protected]:0 1/8
forms such as private sector entrepreneurship, CE, public sector entrepreneurship (governpreneurship), and social
entrepreneurship.
The Historic Development of Entrepreneurship
One of the first to be looked at as an entrepreneur was Marco Polo, who tried to set up trade routes to the Far
East (Hisrich, Peters, and Shepherd, 2012). In the Middle Ages, the term entrepreneur was associated with an actor
and an individual who managed large production projects—for example, an individual who manages architectural
works such as castles, public buildings, or cathedrals. In major projects, the individual did not take risk but rather
he/she managed the project utilizing the resources that the government usually provided. In the 17th century, an
entrepreneur was an individual who entered into a contractual arrangement with the government to carry out a service
or provide acquired products—for example, John Law, a Frenchman, was allowed to establish a royal bank. One of
the earliest definitions of entrepreneurship was that of Richard Cantillion (1755), an economist, who described the
entrepreneur as a rational decision maker who assumed the risk and provided management for the firm. He was the
first to acknowledge that there is an entrepreneurial function within the economic system. In the 18th century, the
entrepreneur was differentiated from what is today known as the venture capitalist. This differentiation was made
because of industrialization. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, entrepreneurship began to develop theoretically.
In the 20th century, Joseph Schumpeter, an economist, made a significant contribution to the theoretical development
of entrepreneurship. At that time, entrepreneurs were mostly viewed from an economic perspective. In the middle of
the 20th century, the idea that entrepreneurs were innovators was established. Since then, innovation and newness is a
fundamental aspect of entrepreneurship.
Historically, the term entrepreneurship has referred to an individual who takes on the risk of turning their vision
into a successful business enterprise. Some definitions focus on entrepreneurship as the creation of new organizations,
while others focus on wealth creation and ownership. This recognizes other forms of ownership—for example,
franchising, corporate venturing, management takeover, and family business. Some have adopted the opportunity
based view and suggested that entrepreneurship is about the discovery and exploitation of profitable market
opportunities.
Over the past four decades, entrepreneurship has extended beyond individual’s efforts to follow their vision to
include entrepreneurship within existing corporations. This has been referred to as CE as well as previously intra
corporate entrepreneurship, corp.
Employees who are highly engaged are the best asset for an organization. Engaged employees are fully committed to their work, interested, and able to focus their attention and inspiration on doing their best. In today's competitive global business environment, companies must compete internationally and focus on creativity and innovation to be leaders in their industries. Both human and non-human assets are crucial for companies to continue operating successfully in the long run, but human capital is becoming more important because employees generate ideas and drive companies forward through their work. There are different types of employee engagement, including attitudinal, behavioral, and trait-based engagement, and engagement is determined by both individual employee characteristics and the organizational environment.
This document summarizes a study that explored factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Ghana. The study surveyed 731 students and found that six factors significantly influenced entrepreneurial intention: exposure to other entrepreneurs and experienced network was the most significant predictor, followed by dissatisfaction with previous job. The findings contribute to understanding factors influencing entrepreneurial intention of Ghanaian students to help develop entrepreneurship education and policies.
Entrepreneurship is considered as a source of wealth creation, economic growth, social progress, and technological development. The current paper seeks to shed light on obstacles that are impeding business creators to start their businesses. To identify the observed constraints, we developed a questionnaire that we addressed to 120 new entrepreneurs drawing on the theoretical and empirical literature. The application of factor analysis has revealed that business creators’ decision to launch their ventures is hindered mainly by the following factors: lack of managerial and business skills, poor training programs, and risk aversion. The study also suggests some recommendations to alleviate obstacles facing new entrepreneurs when deciding to launch their projects
This document summarizes a research study that examined the moderating effects of entrepreneurship training on new venture creation. The study investigated how opportunity seeking, motivation, resources, and abilities influence readiness for new venture creation, and whether entrepreneurship training moderates these relationships. A survey was administered to 490 students across various faculties at Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia. The findings revealed that opportunity seeking, motivation, and resources were positively related to readiness for new venture creation, but abilities were not. However, entrepreneurship training was found to moderate the relationships between abilities and the other factors with readiness for new venture creation. The study provides empirical evidence that entrepreneurship training can positively influence human capital factors and readiness for new venture creation.
Family Business succession in Poland. Study on career paths of next generatio...Łukasz Tylczyński
In the face of systemic changes in Poland after 1989, the potential of entrepreneurs was set free. By setting up their companies, they initiated the reconstruction of the Polish private
capital. Most of these companies are family businesses.
30 years after that event, our country is on the verge of the first great wave of successions. Will they be completed just as hoped by the owners and their companies will survive to be taken over by the next generations? Will Polish family businesses continue to be the driving force of the national economy? Are children from family businesses prepared for this change and do they have the motivation to continue the work of their parents?
Application of entrepreneurship in small businesses.pdfKathryn Patel
This document summarizes a study on the application of entrepreneurship in small businesses. The study involved conducting interviews with 35 entrepreneurs at a popular trade market in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. The results found that most entrepreneurs were male, married, had completed high school education, and were between 21-40 years old. The entrepreneurs were generally satisfied with their businesses and were aware of support agencies available for small businesses. The study concluded that applying entrepreneurship as a business strategy can generate positive results for small businesses.
This document provides an overview of entrepreneurship. It defines entrepreneurship as activities carried out by a person to establish and run business enterprises according to changing social, political and economic environments. Entrepreneurship development is influenced by psychological traits like achievement motivation, sociological traits, and economic factors in a region. The document discusses different concepts of entrepreneurial traits and provides a definition of entrepreneurship. It explains that entrepreneurship development activities are multiplying due to changes in the liberalized economy.
This document summarizes research on the relationship between entrepreneurial environments, opportunities, and capacities. It reviews literature linking these three concepts and how environmental factors can influence opportunities and capacities. The study uses data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor to establish statistical models testing the impacts of environmental factors on opportunities and capacities across 13 Chinese cities. It finds that more favorable entrepreneurial environments are associated with more opportunities and higher capacities.
A STUDY ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP ATTITUDE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTSLori Head
This document summarizes a study on entrepreneurship attitudes among college students. The study assessed college students' attitudes towards entrepreneurship and the barriers they face in pursuing entrepreneurship as a career. It found that most students have a positive view of entrepreneurship, seeing it as economically beneficial, but many are dissatisfied with the infrastructure available in their communities to start new businesses. The study aims to help policymakers develop programs and policies to further promote entrepreneurship among students and cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset.
FREE 8+ Essay Samples in MS Word | PDF. College Essay: Graduate school essay sample. 001 High School Graduation Essay Example High20school ~ Thatsnotus.
Recent researches on entrepreneurship have focal point on entrepreneurs that assesses their
personality traits and characteristics along with entrepreneurial outcome. However, few studies were conducted
to understand the entrepreneurial
Entrepreneurship and Innovation - MIT ID InnovationPankaj Deshpande
Entrepreneurship and Innovation will allow curious young minds to explore their ideas and open opportunities for them. Know more.
To know more details, visit : https://mitidinnovation.com/recreation/introduction-to-innovation-and-entrepreneurship/
This document summarizes research on inspiring youth enterprise. It profiles three young entrepreneurs - Jason Gibbs who founded a university comparison website, Irina Alionte who started fitness events in nightclubs, and Emma Agese who created a natural hair product line. The entrepreneurs overcame challenges through determination, mentors, and tapping resources like start-up loans. Youth face barriers to entrepreneurship like lack of business knowledge and fear of failure. The report advocates for enterprise education that teaches practical skills over theory and spotlights real businesses. It concludes with recommendations to support young entrepreneurs.
The document discusses entrepreneurship education and summarizes research on entrepreneurial attitudes among college students. Some key findings include:
1) Students who received technological education had a more positive outlook on starting businesses.
2) There is a connection between one's attitude toward business and their business expectations.
3) The majority of current graduate students hold optimistic views of pursuing entrepreneurship careers.
4) Recommendations are made to improve entrepreneurship education programs and support for student entrepreneurs through initiatives like funding, internships, and mentorship programs. Developing entrepreneurial skills and mindsets in students is important for employability and starting businesses.
This document summarizes a research study that examined factors affecting the savings and investment behavior of young professionals in Calapan City, Philippines. The study collected data through surveys from 134 young professionals aged 25-35. It analyzed how socio-demographic factors like age, gender, marital status and education level, economic factors like income level, and psychological factors like financial literacy, parental financial education, and peer influence impacted savings and investment behavior. Statistical tests like weighted mean, chi-square, and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings provided insight into the challenges young professionals face in financial management and why many avoid diverse financial activities. The results could help financial institutions improve services for young professionals and influence long-term economic growth
An Example of a Great Classification Essay - PHDessay.com. How to Write a Classification Essay: Outline, Steps, Writing Tips .... Example of Classification Essay | PDF | Microcomputers | Mainframe Computer. How to Write a Good Classification Essay | CustomEssayMeister.com. Tips for writing a classification essay. Classification Essay Example by Expert Writers |PDF Sample | Slides .... Example Of Classification Essay. How to write a classification essay. Classification Essay Writing Tips. Classification Essay by Alyssa Servie - Issuu. Classification Essay Examples, Definition and Writing Guidelines .... Essay Format: Classification.
PROJECT – DATA PRESENTATION ON 5 MUTUAL FUNDSMF.docxYashleenkaur10
1. MIRAE ASSET LARGE CAP FUND - GROWTH: The investment objective of the scheme is to generate long term capital appreciation by capitalizing on potential investment opportunities by predominantly investing in equities of large cap companies.
Fund has 98.35% investment in Indian stocks of which 67.78% is in large cap stocks, 11.61% is in mid cap stocks, 4% in small cap stocks. Investors who are looking to invest money for at least 3-4 years and looking for high returns. At the same time, these investors should also be ready for possibility of moderate losses in their investments.
Launch date – 04-Apr-2008
Min SIP amount - ₹1000
Min investment amount (one time- first time) - ₹5000
Min investment amount (additional purchase) - ₹1000
Type: Open Ended Fund. You can invest any time in this fund.
2. NIPPON INDIA US EQUITY OPPORTIUNITES FUND - GROWTH: To provide long term capital appreciation to investors by primarily investing in equity and equity related securities of companies listed on recognized stock exchanges in the US and the secondary objective is to generate consistent returns by investing in debt and money market securities in India.
Investors who have advanced knowledge of macro trends and prefer to take selective bets for higher returns compared to other Equity funds. At the same time, these investors should also be ready for possibility of moderate to high losses in their investments even though overall market is performing better.
Launch date – 23-Jul-2015
Min SIP amount - ₹100
Min investment amount (one time- first time) - ₹100
Min investment amount (additional purchase) - ₹100
Type: Open Ended Fund. You can invest any time in this fund
3. PGIM INDIA MIDCAP OPPORTIUNITES FUND - GROWTH: The primary objective of the Scheme is to achieve long-term capital appreciation by predominantly investing in equity & equity related instruments of mid cap companies. However, there can be no assurance that the investment objective of the Scheme will be achieved. The Scheme does not guarantee/ indicate any returns.
Fund has 96.38% investment in Indian stocks of which 8.33% is in large cap stocks, 53.85% is in mid cap stocks, 24.34% in small cap stocks. Investors who are looking to invest money for at least 3-4 years and looking for high returns. At the same time, these investors should also be ready for possibility of moderate losses in their investments.
Launch date – 02-Dec-2013
Min SIP amount - ₹1000
Min investment amount (one time- first time) - ₹5000
Min investment amount (additional purchase) - ₹1000
Type: Open Ended Fund. You can invest any time in this fund
4. SBI BLUE CHIP FUND - GROWTH: To provide investors with opportunities for long-term growth in capital through an active management of investments in a diversified basket of large cap equity stocks (as specified by SEBI/AMFI from time to time).
Fund has 98% investment in Indian stocks of which 71.32% is in large cap stocks, 9.12% is in mid cap stocks, 1.36% in small cap stocks. Investors
THE CHORUS (2004)
Director: Christophe Barratier
Clément Mathieu, professeur de musique aux manières douces et au chômage, est embauché comme maître de maison à l'internat du Fond de l'Etang pour enfants en difficulté
À partir du moment où Clément franchit les portes de l'école, il peut sentir les ennuis, dont une grande partie est perpétrée par le directeur répressif Rachin, qui croit que les châtiments corporels sont le seul moyen de garder les garçons en ligne.
Clément préfère une approche scolaire beaucoup plus bienveillante et il initie ses petits élèves à la magie du chant.
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This document summarizes a research study on the influence of individual factors on entrepreneurial intention. It discusses motivations, need for achievement, autonomy, passion for ideas, individual characteristics, work experience, and education. A literature review identified these individual factors and their hypothesized influence on entrepreneurial intention. Researchers administered a questionnaire to 250 business students in Tunisia to test these hypotheses. The results were analyzed to understand the impact of individual factors on entrepreneurial intention in the Tunisian context.
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forms such as private sector entrepreneurship, CE, public sector entrepreneurship (governpreneurship), and social
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The Historic Development of Entrepreneurship
One of the first to be looked at as an entrepreneur was Marco Polo, who tried to set up trade routes to the Far
East (Hisrich, Peters, and Shepherd, 2012). In the Middle Ages, the term entrepreneur was associated with an actor
and an individual who managed large production projects—for example, an individual who manages architectural
works such as castles, public buildings, or cathedrals. In major projects, the individual did not take risk but rather
he/she managed the project utilizing the resources that the government usually provided. In the 17th century, an
entrepreneur was an individual who entered into a contractual arrangement with the government to carry out a service
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the earliest definitions of entrepreneurship was that of Richard Cantillion (1755), an economist, who described the
entrepreneur as a rational decision maker who assumed the risk and provided management for the firm. He was the
first to acknowledge that there is an entrepreneurial function within the economic system. In the 18th century, the
entrepreneur was differentiated from what is today known as the venture capitalist. This differentiation was made
because of industrialization. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, entrepreneurship began to develop theoretically.
In the 20th century, Joseph Schumpeter, an economist, made a significant contribution to the theoretical development
of entrepreneurship. At that time, entrepreneurs were mostly viewed from an economic perspective. In the middle of
the 20th century, the idea that entrepreneurs were innovators was established. Since then, innovation and newness is a
fundamental aspect of entrepreneurship.
Historically, the term entrepreneurship has referred to an individual who takes on the risk of turning their vision
into a successful business enterprise. Some definitions focus on entrepreneurship as the creation of new organizations,
while others focus on wealth creation and ownership. This recognizes other forms of ownership—for example,
franchising, corporate venturing, management takeover, and family business. Some have adopted the opportunity
based view and suggested that entrepreneurship is about the discovery and exploitation of profitable market
opportunities.
Over the past four decades, entrepreneurship has extended beyond individual’s efforts to follow their vision to
include entrepreneurship within existing corporations. This has been referred to as CE as well as previously intra
corporate entrepreneurship, corp.
Employees who are highly engaged are the best asset for an organization. Engaged employees are fully committed to their work, interested, and able to focus their attention and inspiration on doing their best. In today's competitive global business environment, companies must compete internationally and focus on creativity and innovation to be leaders in their industries. Both human and non-human assets are crucial for companies to continue operating successfully in the long run, but human capital is becoming more important because employees generate ideas and drive companies forward through their work. There are different types of employee engagement, including attitudinal, behavioral, and trait-based engagement, and engagement is determined by both individual employee characteristics and the organizational environment.
This document summarizes a study that explored factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions among university students in Ghana. The study surveyed 731 students and found that six factors significantly influenced entrepreneurial intention: exposure to other entrepreneurs and experienced network was the most significant predictor, followed by dissatisfaction with previous job. The findings contribute to understanding factors influencing entrepreneurial intention of Ghanaian students to help develop entrepreneurship education and policies.
Entrepreneurship is considered as a source of wealth creation, economic growth, social progress, and technological development. The current paper seeks to shed light on obstacles that are impeding business creators to start their businesses. To identify the observed constraints, we developed a questionnaire that we addressed to 120 new entrepreneurs drawing on the theoretical and empirical literature. The application of factor analysis has revealed that business creators’ decision to launch their ventures is hindered mainly by the following factors: lack of managerial and business skills, poor training programs, and risk aversion. The study also suggests some recommendations to alleviate obstacles facing new entrepreneurs when deciding to launch their projects
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In the face of systemic changes in Poland after 1989, the potential of entrepreneurs was set free. By setting up their companies, they initiated the reconstruction of the Polish private
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This document summarizes a study on the application of entrepreneurship in small businesses. The study involved conducting interviews with 35 entrepreneurs at a popular trade market in Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. The results found that most entrepreneurs were male, married, had completed high school education, and were between 21-40 years old. The entrepreneurs were generally satisfied with their businesses and were aware of support agencies available for small businesses. The study concluded that applying entrepreneurship as a business strategy can generate positive results for small businesses.
This document provides an overview of entrepreneurship. It defines entrepreneurship as activities carried out by a person to establish and run business enterprises according to changing social, political and economic environments. Entrepreneurship development is influenced by psychological traits like achievement motivation, sociological traits, and economic factors in a region. The document discusses different concepts of entrepreneurial traits and provides a definition of entrepreneurship. It explains that entrepreneurship development activities are multiplying due to changes in the liberalized economy.
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A STUDY ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP ATTITUDE AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTSLori Head
This document summarizes a study on entrepreneurship attitudes among college students. The study assessed college students' attitudes towards entrepreneurship and the barriers they face in pursuing entrepreneurship as a career. It found that most students have a positive view of entrepreneurship, seeing it as economically beneficial, but many are dissatisfied with the infrastructure available in their communities to start new businesses. The study aims to help policymakers develop programs and policies to further promote entrepreneurship among students and cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset.
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Recent researches on entrepreneurship have focal point on entrepreneurs that assesses their
personality traits and characteristics along with entrepreneurial outcome. However, few studies were conducted
to understand the entrepreneurial
Entrepreneurship and Innovation - MIT ID InnovationPankaj Deshpande
Entrepreneurship and Innovation will allow curious young minds to explore their ideas and open opportunities for them. Know more.
To know more details, visit : https://mitidinnovation.com/recreation/introduction-to-innovation-and-entrepreneurship/
This document summarizes research on inspiring youth enterprise. It profiles three young entrepreneurs - Jason Gibbs who founded a university comparison website, Irina Alionte who started fitness events in nightclubs, and Emma Agese who created a natural hair product line. The entrepreneurs overcame challenges through determination, mentors, and tapping resources like start-up loans. Youth face barriers to entrepreneurship like lack of business knowledge and fear of failure. The report advocates for enterprise education that teaches practical skills over theory and spotlights real businesses. It concludes with recommendations to support young entrepreneurs.
The document discusses entrepreneurship education and summarizes research on entrepreneurial attitudes among college students. Some key findings include:
1) Students who received technological education had a more positive outlook on starting businesses.
2) There is a connection between one's attitude toward business and their business expectations.
3) The majority of current graduate students hold optimistic views of pursuing entrepreneurship careers.
4) Recommendations are made to improve entrepreneurship education programs and support for student entrepreneurs through initiatives like funding, internships, and mentorship programs. Developing entrepreneurial skills and mindsets in students is important for employability and starting businesses.
This document summarizes a research study that examined factors affecting the savings and investment behavior of young professionals in Calapan City, Philippines. The study collected data through surveys from 134 young professionals aged 25-35. It analyzed how socio-demographic factors like age, gender, marital status and education level, economic factors like income level, and psychological factors like financial literacy, parental financial education, and peer influence impacted savings and investment behavior. Statistical tests like weighted mean, chi-square, and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings provided insight into the challenges young professionals face in financial management and why many avoid diverse financial activities. The results could help financial institutions improve services for young professionals and influence long-term economic growth
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PROJECT – DATA PRESENTATION ON 5 MUTUAL FUNDSMF.docxYashleenkaur10
1. MIRAE ASSET LARGE CAP FUND - GROWTH: The investment objective of the scheme is to generate long term capital appreciation by capitalizing on potential investment opportunities by predominantly investing in equities of large cap companies.
Fund has 98.35% investment in Indian stocks of which 67.78% is in large cap stocks, 11.61% is in mid cap stocks, 4% in small cap stocks. Investors who are looking to invest money for at least 3-4 years and looking for high returns. At the same time, these investors should also be ready for possibility of moderate losses in their investments.
Launch date – 04-Apr-2008
Min SIP amount - ₹1000
Min investment amount (one time- first time) - ₹5000
Min investment amount (additional purchase) - ₹1000
Type: Open Ended Fund. You can invest any time in this fund.
2. NIPPON INDIA US EQUITY OPPORTIUNITES FUND - GROWTH: To provide long term capital appreciation to investors by primarily investing in equity and equity related securities of companies listed on recognized stock exchanges in the US and the secondary objective is to generate consistent returns by investing in debt and money market securities in India.
Investors who have advanced knowledge of macro trends and prefer to take selective bets for higher returns compared to other Equity funds. At the same time, these investors should also be ready for possibility of moderate to high losses in their investments even though overall market is performing better.
Launch date – 23-Jul-2015
Min SIP amount - ₹100
Min investment amount (one time- first time) - ₹100
Min investment amount (additional purchase) - ₹100
Type: Open Ended Fund. You can invest any time in this fund
3. PGIM INDIA MIDCAP OPPORTIUNITES FUND - GROWTH: The primary objective of the Scheme is to achieve long-term capital appreciation by predominantly investing in equity & equity related instruments of mid cap companies. However, there can be no assurance that the investment objective of the Scheme will be achieved. The Scheme does not guarantee/ indicate any returns.
Fund has 96.38% investment in Indian stocks of which 8.33% is in large cap stocks, 53.85% is in mid cap stocks, 24.34% in small cap stocks. Investors who are looking to invest money for at least 3-4 years and looking for high returns. At the same time, these investors should also be ready for possibility of moderate losses in their investments.
Launch date – 02-Dec-2013
Min SIP amount - ₹1000
Min investment amount (one time- first time) - ₹5000
Min investment amount (additional purchase) - ₹1000
Type: Open Ended Fund. You can invest any time in this fund
4. SBI BLUE CHIP FUND - GROWTH: To provide investors with opportunities for long-term growth in capital through an active management of investments in a diversified basket of large cap equity stocks (as specified by SEBI/AMFI from time to time).
Fund has 98% investment in Indian stocks of which 71.32% is in large cap stocks, 9.12% is in mid cap stocks, 1.36% in small cap stocks. Investors
THE CHORUS (2004)
Director: Christophe Barratier
Clément Mathieu, professeur de musique aux manières douces et au chômage, est embauché comme maître de maison à l'internat du Fond de l'Etang pour enfants en difficulté
À partir du moment où Clément franchit les portes de l'école, il peut sentir les ennuis, dont une grande partie est perpétrée par le directeur répressif Rachin, qui croit que les châtiments corporels sont le seul moyen de garder les garçons en ligne.
Clément préfère une approche scolaire beaucoup plus bienveillante et il initie ses petits élèves à la magie du chant.
TUNNELING V/s AGENCY EFFECT: A CASE STUDY OF ENRON & SATYAMpptxYashleenkaur10
An agency problem involves the functioning of a typical Principal- Agent relationship. The problem here is ensuring that the agent acts in the principal’s interest, rather than his own. The agency problem occurs due to the fact that the agent has better knowledge of the facts of a given transaction as opposed to the principal and thus the principal has no assurance that the agent’s actions were indeed in his best interest.
There are 3 basic types of agency problems
1. The first problem is a conflict between the owners of a firm and the hired managers.
2. The second type of problem is the conflict between the controlling owners of a firm who hold majority and the non- controlling, minority shareholders.3. The third type of agency problem is the conflict between owners of the firm and third transacting parties such as creditors, customers and other employees.
Enron is known as the one of the largest fraud scandals in the United States history.
Enron corporation was an American energy, commodities, and services company based in Houston , Texas.
Enron formed in 1985 by Kenneth Lay.
During 1985, it bought the smaller and less diversified Houston natural gas company.
The company initially named itself “HNG/inter North Inc., however was later renamed to “Enron”.
Satyam Company Services Ltd. was incorporated on June 24, 1987
Promoters holding of the shares in 1992 was 18.78%
Main business of the company was IT related fields and it came into prominence after Y2K problem
In 1991, it was in a rented house having 10 Engineers.
Company was listed in Bombay Stock Exchange in 1992
company bags its first fortune 500 client John Deere & Co
Revenue crossed $2 Billion -2008
Listing in NASDAQ, USA- 1999
Listed on New York Stock Exchange- 2001
The financial crises of 2007 – 2008 was years in making (between year 2000- 2006).
The financial crises was primarily caused by deregulation in the financial industry. This began years earlier with cheap credit and no proper lending standards that fuelled a housing bubble.
There was a significant growth in lending the money for housing property as rate of interest were very low.
Earlier the banks use to lend it to Prime borrowers only over the time as the demands for housing property loans increased they started to lend it to sub prime borrowers.
They believed that housing prices would continuously rise and hence the borrowers lack of creditworthiness a lack on inadequacy of equity would not be a problem in recovering loan.
MBS ( Mortgage backed securities)- Loans were securitised by banks into MBS, a group of mortgage loans.
These were then further grouped into CDS (Collateralised debt obligations- is a complex structured finance product that is backed by a pool of loans and other assets and sold to institutional investors. A CDO is a particular type of derivative because, as its name implies, its value is derived from another underlying asset.)
A CDO would have different several MBS in it.
Dr. Sukumar has made significant progress by opening 21 labs from only one that he inherited from his father, and he has an expansion plan in the works.
His chain of laboratories is ranked among the top three in the country, with six labs that are accredited and equipped with cutting-edge equipment.
The lab with revenue of Rs.75 crore is among top three pathological labs in India with Atlantic (Rs.77 crore) and Pacific (Rs.55 crore).
There are about 20,000 to 100,000 standalone labs engaged in routine pathological business in India,
His six labs have been accredited nationally whereas many large hospitals have not even thought of accreditation.
The bar coding and automated registration of patients do not allow any identity mix-ups. Even routine tests are conducted with highly sophisticated systems.
Technical expertise enables them to carry out 1650 variety of tests.
Same day reports are available for samples reaching by 3 p.m. and by 7 a.m. next day for samples from 500 collection centers located across the country.
In 1995, Dr. Sukumar acquired his father Dey's laboratory.
The lab was located in Delhi and performed a wide range of pathological and clinical examinations.
The firm's founder/vision leader's serves as a road map and direction for the organization.
As a result, when Dr. Sukumar acquired the lab from his father, he already had a vision for his company.
Dr. Sukumar's objective at the time of his inheritance was to develop a one-lab enterprise into a network of pathology labs spanning the length and breadth of the country
. And, as a result, outlining what the organization wished to become in the long ru
Incorporated in 2006, Barbeque Nation Restaurants is one of the leading casual dining restaurant chains in India.
It offers the best quality of food offerings, ambiance, and services to customers.
It also owns and operates Toscano Restaurants and UBQ by Barbeque Nation that caters to the delivery segment.
The first Barbeque Nation Restaurant was established in 2008 and as of November 30, 2019, the network has been steadily grown to 138 Barbeque Nation Restaurants in 73 cities in India and 7 International Barbeque Nation Restaurants in 3 countries outside India.
The company has recently diversified into another brand "Red Apple" which operates 10 Italian restaurants in 2 cities of India i.e. Bengaluru and Chennai.
The company’s delivery business has grown from Rs 26.09 crore in fiscal ended March 2020 to Rs 37.89 crore during the eight months ended Nov. 30.
Promoter shareholding in Barbeque Nation will decline from 47.8% pre-issue to 38.1% after the IPO.
One of India's fastest-growing restaurant brands.
Diversified offerings for both vegetarian and non-vegetarians.
Experienced promoters and managers team.
Healthy financial position with a proven track record of revenue growth
To make prepayment/repayment of all or a part of the company's outstanding borrowings availed on a consolidated basis.
To meet general corporate purposes.
Barbeque Nation used Rs 54.6 crore as capital expenditure to expand and open new restaurants, and Rs 75 crore towards prepayment or repayment of all or a portion of certain outstanding borrowings of the company on a consolidated basis. Before the IPO, Barbeque Nation has raised Rs 202 crore by allocating 40.58 lakh equity shares at Rs 500 apiece to 15 anchor investors.
The company’s business has recovered to 84.2% of the pre-pandemic level at the end of November 2020. It, however, suffered a Rs 100-crore loss during the period
Barbeque Nation competes with listed peers such as Specialty Restaurants in the dining segment, while some of its quick-servicing rivals are Westlife Development Ltd., Jubilant Food works Ltd. and Burger King.
The Covid-19 pandemic as well as the government’s measures to reduce the spread of virus have had a substantial impact on the restaurant operations and the timing of how long the pandemic and the related government measures will last is still uncertain. Deterioration in the performance of, or its relationships with, third-party delivery aggregators (online restaurant aggregators), may
KYC, AML, CFT & BANK OBLIGATION UNDER PMLA 2002Yashleenkaur10
KYC enables banks to know/understand their customers and their financial dealings to be able to serve them better and prudently manage the risks of Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism.
What KYC means?
Making reasonable efforts to determine the true identity and beneficial ownership of accounts
Sources of funds.
Nature of customers’ business.
What constitutes reasonable account activity?
Who your customer’s customer are?
What KYC does not mean?
Denial of Service to the Common Person.
Intrusive Behavior.
Use of information for cross selling.
Harassment of customers- threatening to close down the accounts arbitrarily.
KYC/Customer due diligence is an on-going process for prudent banking practices, therefore the banks are encouraged to:
Set up a compliance unit with a full time Head.
Put in place a system to monitor the accounts and transactions on a regular basis.
Update customer information and records at reasonable intervals.
Maintain proper records of customer identifications and clearly indicate, in writing.
Monitor and check unusually large cash transactions, especially those which are out of character/ inconsistent with the history
KYC/Customer due diligence is an on-going process for prudent banking practices, therefore the banks are encouraged to:
Set up a compliance unit with a full time Head.
Put in place a system to monitor the accounts and transactions on a regular basis.
Update customer information and records at reasonable intervals.
Maintain proper records of customer identifications and clearly indicate, in writing.
Monitor and check unusually large cash transactions, especially those which are out of character/ inconsistent with the history
INTRODUCTION
Any profit earned from the sale of a capital asset is referred to as capital gain. The profit that is received is classified as income. As a result, a tax has to be paid on the income obtained. Capital gains tax is the type of tax that is paid, and it can be long or short term. Long-term and short-term profits are taxed at a rate of ten percent and fifteen percent, respectively.
The gain on the transfer of a capital asset is taxed under the heading "Capital Gains." "Short Term Capital Gains" and "Long Term Capital Gains" are two types of capital gains income.
MEANING OF CAPITAL GAINS
Profits or profits resulting from the transfer of a capital asset are referred to as "Capital Gains" and are taxed under the "Capital Gains" heading.
Only once an investment is sold are capital gains taxes owed.
Only "capital assets," such as stocks, bonds, jewels, coin collections, and real estate, are subject to capital gains taxes.
Profits from assets held for more than a year are taxed as long-term gains.
Short-term profits are taxed at the same rate as long-term gains. Except for the very wealthy, this is greater than the tax on long-term gains.
MEANING OF CAPITAL ASSESTS
A capital asset is defined as:
(a) Any type of property possessed by an assessee, whether or not related to the assessee's business or profession.
(b) Any securities held by a FII that has invested in them in line with the rules. The SEBI Act of 1992 spawned a set of rules.
The following elements, however, are not included in the definition of "capital asset":
(I) any stock-in-trade, consumable goods, or raw materials retained for the purposes of his business or profession (other than securities referred to in (b) above)
(II) personal effects, or transportable property (including clothing and accessories). furnishings) retained for the taxpayer's or any member of his family's personal use. He is reliant on him, yet he excludes—
(a) jewellery
(b) archaeological collections
(c) drawings
(d) paintings
(e) sculptures
(f) any work of art.
(III) Agricultural Land in India, not being a land situated
(IV) 61/2 per cent Gold Bonds,1977 or 7 per cent Gold Bonds, 1980 or National Defence Gold Bonds, 1980 issued by the Central Government;
(V) Special Bearer Bonds, 1991
(VI) Gold Deposit Bonds issued under the Gold Deposit Scheme, 1999 or deposit certificates issued under the Gold Monetisation Scheme, 2016.
EXAMPLE:
Mr. Kapoor is a property dealer. He purchased a flat for resale. The flat was purchased in January, 2019 for Rs. 84,00,000 and sold in April, 2020 for Rs. 90,00,000. In this case Mr. Kapoor is dealing in properties in his normal business. Hence, flat purchased by him would form part of stock-in-trade of the business. . In other words, for Mr. Kapoor flat is not a capital asset and, hence, gain of Rs. 6,00,000 arising on account of sale of flat will be charged to tax as business income and not as capital gain.
MEANING OF LONG-TERM CAPITAL ASSEST AND SHORT-TERM CAPITA
Britannia to give seed funding, training, more to aspiring women entrepreneurs, homemakers for starting up.
Britannia has also teamed up with Google to offer all participants access to a digital business training programme that includes many classes to assist them gain the skills they need to run and grow their enterprises.
The third season of their start-up competition for prospective women entrepreneurs, particularly homemakers, was launched on Wednesday. Britannia would provide up to 10,000 top participants with online mentorship lectures from industry leaders on how to start and scale businesses. Candidates' ideas will be reviewed based on predetermined criteria, and a shortlisted candidate list will be published within 60 days after the contest's conclusion. One of the most significant aspects of our relationship with Google was ensuring that all participants have access to the digital skilling materials.
In addition to the initial funding, we're looking into how we can make relevant knowledge and know-how more accessible to women who want to pursue their entrepreneurial dreams, » Subramanyam stated. «There are an increasing number of women who desire to start their own business. At the contest's inauguration, Vinay Subramanyam, Vice-President, Britannia Industries, remarked, "77 percent of the women we went out to spoke about technology being a critical facilitator in terms of breaking barriers of how to be an entrepreneur." According to the survey, 62% of women want to start their own business, but a lack of time owing to household duties is a barrier for 73% of respondents. Lack of guidance was a problem for 53% of respondents, while insufficient funding was a problem for 50%.
« I had no choice but to sell all of my belongings in order to start the business. There are far more instances of women entrepreneurs today than there were previously, and as a result, there is a cultural receptivity to women in business that did not exist previously. However, there is still a long way to go, and I'm not sure if the next decade will be enough for women to be big enough, » remarked Shubhra Chadha, Co-founder of Chumbak Designs, during a Britannia webinar held before to the contest's introduction.
Debt and equity are the two important sources of finance for the firms. Basically, capital structure of the firm revolves around the judicious mix of the debt and equity. Upon Debt and equity mix much research has been done and many have designed the capital structure in a very different manner.
Capital structure theory can be said as the manner in which a company or organization finance its economic activities. Basically, capital structure of a firm is the combination of equity and debt. It is a very important decision for every organization or business house. This decision revolves around a question “How to make an optimal capital’s structure for the firm?” and what are the factors that influence the decision. Because the capital structure decision ultimately affects the management, investors and lenders. So, it becomes very crucial for the firms. Earlier many researchers have made investigation on the capital structure determinants but still there are loopholes to be filled up. The theory of Capital Structure began with the phenomenal work made by Modigliani and Miller (1958, 1963). It stirred the academic world to pour more thoughts into that and many interesting works came out.
Capital structure refers to the way a firm chooses to finance its assets and investments through some combination of equity, debt, or internal funds. It is in the best interests of a company to find the optimal ratio of debt to equity to reduce their risk of insolvency, continue to be successful and ultimately remain or to become profitable.
DETERMINANTS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE:
The capital structure of a concern depends upon a large number of factors such as leverage or trading on equity, growth of the company, nature and size of business, the idea of retaining control, flexibility of capital structure, requirements of investors, cost of floatation of new securities, timing of issue, corporate tax rate and the legal requirements. It is not possible to rank hem because all such factors are of different important and the influence of individual factors of a firm change over a period of time.
1. Financial Leverage or Trading on Equity: Financial leverage is one of the important considerations in planning the capital structure of a company. One common method of examining the impact of leverage is to analyse the relationship between Earnings Per Share (EPS) and EBIT. The companies with high level of leverage can make profitable use of the high degree of leverage to increase return on the shareholders' equity.
2. Growth and Stability of Sales: The capital structure of a firm is highly influenced by the growth and stability of its sales. If the sales of a firm are expected to remain fairly stable, it can raise a higher level of debt. Stability of sales ensures that the firm will not face any difficulty in meeting its fixed commitments of interest payment and repayments of debt. Similarly, the rate of growth in sales also affects the capital structure decision.
3. Cost o
This document discusses corporate social responsibilities (CSR). It provides several definitions and explanations of CSR. CSR is defined as a process by which companies manage their relationships with stakeholders to have a positive social impact. It involves using business strategies and processes to integrate economic, environmental and social objectives. CSR goes beyond legal obligations and involves voluntarily improving communities and society. Companies are expected to consider how their actions affect others and the environment. The document outlines the various dimensions of CSR including economic, legal, ethical, philanthropic and environmental responsibilities. It discusses the role of CSR in India including relevant laws and examples of CSR programs implemented by major Indian companies.
WHAT TRIGGERS CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR. PPT.pptxYashleenkaur10
To identify key reasons and what causes that set off impetuous purchasing actions.
To gain consensus on key to be included in a survey for research for what causes impulsive buying behaviour among customers.
The aim is to examine some of the factors affecting impulsive buying behaviour of consumers in the market. It also aims to verify the interrelationship between these factors and impulsive buying behaviour
The survey will take account various respondents from Ludhiana.
The appropriate size would be 400.
However, this sample size includes people of every age group.
Here, an assumption is made that people of working age group are the ones who have the ability and capacity to visit supermarkets or make any kind of purchases.
Therefore, out of 400, only 50 %, i.e. 200 respondents are considered a representative sample size.
Two variables namely :
Dependent Variable i.e. consumer’s impulse buying behaviour.
Independent variables i.e. promotional approaches, store environment, window display, income level and credit card.
The goal of this research is to get an insight into the impulsive buying behaviour of consumers while they are in supermarkets and the factors that affect or trigger those impulses
Keeping in mind the findings of this, marketers and retail outlet/supermarket owners can actually capitalize on this phenomenon of impulsive buying behaviour and make consumers spend more than they intended to
Birth- 1934, at Kasauli, Himachal Pradesh
His publishes /work
Awards
An example of situational irony
A conversation between two characters
How tactfully they hides their disability
Reality made him feel deceived
The narrator
The girl
The fellow passenger
From Rohana to Saharanpur
The man was already aboard when the girl stepped on the train at Rohana. She was escorted by her parents who advised her to not talk to strangers. As she entered she did not even notice the narrator who was pretending to be sighted.
He gradually found enough courage to start a conversation. She was going till Saharanpur where she would be received by her aunt. She enquired the same from the narrator who told her about his visit to Dehradun and Mussoorie.
She sighed as she also loved the hilly tracts of Mussoorie in October. The narrator described the beauty of the hills, rain and flowers as the conversation continued. Pretending to be sighted, he asked the girl to describe the scene outside the train.
She quickly retorted that he should have to look outside himself. He praised her by claiming that her face was interesting. She smiled at the words as she was bored by the usual compliments about her pretty looks.
She claimed that she did not like long train journeys and was glad that her station was arriving soon. The narrator, however, was heartbroken as he wanted the journey with the girl to never end.
Soon the station arrived and as the girl prepared to exit, the narrator had a whiff of the fragrance she was wearing. He was intoxicated and perversely tried to touch her hair, but the girl said her goodbye and disembarked before he could. The new passenger entered and the narrator sat back in his seat, heartbroken and disappointed.
From Saharanpur to Dehradun.
Dejected, the narrator pushed himself toward the window again. The new passenger was a male and he did not realize the narrator’s lack of vision, much like the girl.
He broke the ice and offered his consolation for not being as pretty as the last passenger (the girl). The narrator stuck to his assessment and called her interesting. He asked about her hair but the man said he did not notice her hair.
However, the man dedicated another compliment to her by saying that she was very pretty with beautiful eyes, even though she was blind. This revelation surprised the narrator who thought about the futility of his attempts to hide his blindness in front of another blind person.
The short story “The Eyes Have It”, is an excellent example of situational Irony.
Ironically the author employs two blind people as his main characters, yet neither knows that the other is blind.
The author does not realize that the girl sitting next to him is also blind, even after listening to her parent’s advice and instructions to their daughter.
Hoping to keep her from realizing that he is blind, the author describes the scenery outside from his memories.
To continue the ruse, he tells the girl that an interesting face.
The narrator ends up
Capital restructuring aims to reduce the cost of capital and maximize the shareholders wealth.
Capital Structure Here the Capital Structure is worked out i.e., the capital required, raising of the capital, debt-equity ratio, issue of shares and debentures, working capital, fixed capital requirements, etc.
Determination of optimum capital structure conforming to legal requirements. – Getting consent of controller of Capital issues for capitalization of reserves by way of issuing bonus shares. – Here the Capital Structure is worked out i.e., the capital required, raising of the capital, debt-equity ratio, issue of shares and debentures, working capital, fixed capital requirements
Air Transport
Road Transport
Railway Transport
Sea Transport
Economical over short distances.
Average operational flexibility
High maintenance cost for both vehicles and infrastructure.
Low investment.
Uneconomical for long distances.
The movement of passengers and cargo by aircraft such as airplanes and helicopters
Using air transport for international trade is the quickest way to ensure product delivery and distribution. It is also the safest methods of transport, and you could export or import a variety of goods through this mode.
Useful for transporting costly and light- weight consignments.
C&F Agents.
Its more suitable for transportation of perishable goods.
Documents required for air transport – Commercial invoice, Airway Bill (AWB), Performa invoice, Bill of lading, Generic Certificate of Origin, Packing list, Inspection certificate
Digital marketing encompasses all marketing efforts that use an electronic device or internet.
Businesses leverage, digital channels such as search engines, social media, e-mail and other websites to connect with current and prospective customers
This is the process of optimizing your website to "rank" higher in search engine results pages, thereby increasing the amount of organic (or free) traffic your website receives. The channels that benefit from SEO include websites, blogs, and infographics.
Pay Per Click (PPC)
PPC is a method of driving traffic to your website by paying a publisher every time your ad is clicked. One of the most common types of PPC is Google Ads, which allows you to pay for top slots on Google's search engine results pages at a price "per click" of the links you place. Other channels where you can use PPC include:
Paid ads on Facebook:Here, users can pay to customize a video, image post, or slideshow, which Facebook
will publish to the newsfeeds of people who match your business's audience
Twitter Ads campaigns: Here, users can pay to place a series of posts or profile badges to the news feeds of a specific audience, all dedicated to accomplish a specific goal for your business. This goal can be website traffic, more Twitter followers, tweet engagement, or even app downloads.
Sponsored Messages on LinkedIn: Here, users can pay to send messages directly to specific LinkedIn users based on their industry and background.
Content marketing is a strategic marketing approach focused on creating and distributing valuable, relevant, and consistent content to attract and retain a clearly defined audience — and, ultimately, to drive profitable customer action
AFFILIATE MARKETING
It a type of performance-based marketing in which a business rewards one or more affiliates for each visitor or customer brought by the affiliate’s own marketing efforts
Mental or moral strength to venture, persevere, and withstand danger, fear, or difficulty.
Courage gives you the ability to put aside your fear of failure and take the first steps.
Courage also helps us to act against those who threaten, or who act in a bad way
A promise or firm decision to do something.
Making a commitment involves dedicating yourself to something, like a person or a cause. Before you make a commitment, think carefully. A commitment obligates you to do something.
2. 1. PERSONALITY TRAITS FOR INDIAN ENTREPRENURES: REVIEW OF
RECENT LITERATURE OF AT LEAAST 5 ENTRPREURES.
According to the findings, the qualities of locus of control, ambiguity tolerance, self-
confidence, and innovativeness were crucial in distinguishing entrepreneurs from
non-entrepreneurs. At the same time, it was discovered that the desire for
accomplishment and risk-taking tendency for these two groups were not significantly
different, which was contrary to predictions. In addition to these six psychological
characteristics, the findings of the study highlighted the importance of family history
and education in determining entrepreneurial propensity. The findings have
significant public policy implications for India's education system, which primarily
trains students for employment in the public and commercial sectors rather than
entrepreneurship. The recent global financial turmoil and scandals (such as Enron
and WorldCom) have demonstrated that unbridled commercial entrepreneurs who
are allowed to pursue their short-term goals regardless of the consequences have
resulted in a massive depreciation of nation-state wealth, social livelihood, and
environmental degradation. Social entrepreneurs make such a case by
demonstrating a strong dedication to a social goal, an understanding of sustainable
methods, ingenuity, the capacity to establish social networks, and the ability to
generate reasonable financial returns. It's reasonable to assume that social
entrepreneurs have specific personality traits that characterise their activities and
behaviours. Inherited nurture, socialisation, and education all contribute to the
development of personality characteristics. These unspoken characteristics are
established values/beliefs and play a vital part in social entrepreneurship decision-
making. As a result, personality traits may have an impact on an individual's
intentions and behaviour. We believe that, in order for social entrepreneurship to be
effective and influential, business and management education may help people
acquire these important personality qualities. It also supports previous research
showing personality characteristics have an impact on entrepreneurship in general.
According to the findings, agreeableness has a favourable impact on all aspects of
social entrepreneurship, whereas openness has a positive impact on social vision,
creativity, and financial returns. The study's findings suggest that elements of social
responsibility, sustainability, and character development should be included into
3. business education curricula to help social entrepreneurs achieve meaningful value
and influence in the causes and communities they serve. In order to pursue life-long
learning, future business leaders must possess entrepreneurial abilities as well as
autonomous and reflective thinking. This study is unique in that it focuses on
personality characteristics related to social entrepreneurship rather than commercial
entrepreneurship. The findings are intended to spark a paradigm shift toward more
social entrepreneurship through education by instilling principles of sustainable
development in future business graduates.
Individuals' entrepreneurial ambitions have a huge influence in the creation of new
businesses, which in turn aids economic development. Need for accomplishment,
locus of control, risk-taking tendency, innovativeness, self-efficacy, and other
variables were found as predictors of entrepreneurial aspirations. The most
significant predictor of entrepreneurial aspirations was 'need for accomplishment,'
while the dimensions of personality characteristics 'entrepreneurial awareness' and
'entrepreneurial attitude' were also shown to have a positive association with
entrepreneurial ambitions of university students. Furthermore, entrepreneurial
awareness modulates the link between self-efficacy and proactiveness on one side,
and entrepreneurial ambitions on the other. Entrepreneurs have specific
psychological qualities that distinguish them from the rest of the pack, and attributes
like proactiveness, innovation, and self-efficacy are thought to be critical for the
development of entrepreneurial intents. Entrepreneurial intentions are the
consequence of an individual's mentality and personality qualities, and they
represent an individual's desire to be self-employed by starting his own business.
Personality characteristics are important and play an important influence in kindling
the flame of entrepreneurial ambitions in people. Numerous researchers across the
world have been drawn to the notion of entrepreneurship in recent decades, and it
has also become a governmental focus for several developing countries. In the
current era of globalisation and ruthless competition, it is critical to determine the
drivers of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial goals. After graduating from
university, students can pursue a variety of professional paths, including starting
their own business. Over the last decade, the culture of start-ups and
entrepreneurship has exploded, especially with the establishment of several
initiatives to stimulate entrepreneurial activity in India. In the literature, personality
4. characteristics and entrepreneurial ambitions have been linked, attracting the
attention of numerous researchers over the last three decades. In the literature,
personality characteristics and entrepreneurial ambitions have been linked, attracting
the attention of numerous researchers over the last three decades. It has been
demonstrated that an individual's personality characteristics may be used to assess
entrepreneurial goals. Although motivation is clearly crucial in entrepreneurial
activities, psychological factors such as internal locus of control, risk-taking proclivity,
and perseverance are also relevant in determining entrepreneurial intents among
individuals. However, the great majority of young people with a latent entrepreneurial
spark do not engage in business endeavours. Personality qualities play a big role in
determining whether or not someone wants to establish a business. Individual
personality qualities like as innovativeness, self-efficacy, and proactiveness have a
significant impact in the development of entrepreneurial ambitions. As a result,
personality characteristics are key predictors of entrepreneurial inclinations. Several
researchers have attempted to establish a link between distinct personality
characteristics and their influence on entrepreneurial ambitions in various industries.
As a result, personality characteristics are key predictors of entrepreneurial
inclinations. Several researchers have attempted to establish a link between distinct
personality characteristics and their influence on entrepreneurial ambitions in various
industries. Need for accomplishment, locus of control, risk-taking propensity,
innovativeness, self-efficacy, proactiveness, persistence, entrepreneurial awareness,
and entrepreneurial attitude are the nine personality qualities found as antecedents
of entrepreneurial aspirations. The study demonstrated the significance of each
personality characteristic and how they combine to generate a level of
entrepreneurial desire among students. The will to succeed appears as the most
important personality attribute that leads to increased entrepreneurial intent. This
suggests that students have a stronger proclivity for completing difficult tasks and
establishing high performance goals in their entrepreneurial endeavours. The
discovery of a strong and positive link between the desire to succeed and the desire
to start a business. The second most important personality characteristic that
impacts entrepreneurial ambition is locus of control, which predicts how much
students believe success and failure are determined by their own talents and
initiatives rather than fate.
5. 2. RESEARCH ON GROWTH PROFILE OF A GLOBAL ENTREPRENURE
Companies have only gone overseas after established themselves at home for over
a century. Furthermore, when they have looked overseas, they haven't gone too far
at first. Johnson & Johnson, a consumer health care business, established its first
overseas subsidiary in Montreal in 1919, 33 years after its establishment in 1886.
Sony, which was founded in 1946, took 11 years to sell its first product, the TR-63
transistor radio, to the United States. The Gap, which opened its first foreign shop in
London in 1987, a year after the Challenger space shuttle catastrophe, was founded
in 1969, the year Neil Armstrong stepped on the moon. By contrast, today's
businesses are born globally. Entrepreneurs do not automatically purchase raw
materials from neighbouring vendors or establish factories near their offices.
Because political and economic boundaries have crumbled and huge amounts of
information are at their fingertips, they are on the lookout for the world's greatest
industrial locations. They also hunt for talent all across the world, find investors
wherever they are, and learn to run operations from afar—all before they ever open
their doors. Take Bento Koike, who founded Tecsis in 1995 to produce wind turbine
blades. Raw materials are imported from North America and Europe, and the
company's clients are based on those two continents. Nonetheless, Koike founded
his world-girding company near So Paulo, Brazil, because a strong aerospace sector
had developed there, allowing him to develop novel blade designs and
manufacturing know-how. Tecsis has established itself as a global industry leader,
having deployed 12,000 blades in ten countries over the last decade and generating
$350 million in sales in 2007. Entrepreneurs nowadays go across boundaries for two
reasons. One is combative: Many startups, such as Tecsis and Inverness Medical,
must globalise various parts of their business from the outset, such as
manufacturing, service delivery, capital sourcing, and talent acquisition. That may
seem self-evident now, but until recently, it was common practise for US venture
investors, in particular, to insist that the firms they invested in focus on local markets.
The other purpose is to accept responsibility for the wrongdoing. Many new
businesses are realising that a fresh business opportunity spans across countries or
that they may build new goods or services by utilising distance. Take, for example,
6. Mary Gadams' RacingThePlanet, which was created in 2002 to organise seven-day
marathons in the world's most dangerous locations.
Global entrepreneurs, my research shows, face three distinct challenges
Distance.
New businesses sometimes lack the infrastructure needed to handle scattered
operations and distant markets. Furthermore, physical distances result in temporal
discrepancies, which might be difficult to traverse. Even coping with the different
workweeks of different nations takes a toll on a startup's small staff: Corporate
offices in North America, Europe, China, and India are typically open Monday
through Friday. They're open from Sunday through Thursday in Israel. The
workweek runs from Saturday to Wednesday in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab
Emirates, whereas it runs from Monday to Friday or Saturday in other primarily
Muslim nations such as Lebanon, Morocco, and Turkey. Bridging the "psychic gap,"
as British economist Wilfred Beckerman put it in 1956, is a larger problem for
multinational firms. Culture, language, education systems, political systems, religion,
and economic development levels all contribute to this. It has the potential to
increase — or decrease — psychological barriers across areas, and it frequently
leads to entrepreneurs making unexpected decisions.
Context.
The political, regulatory, legal, fiscal, environmental, and labour systems of different
countries differ. Entrepreneurs' decisions regarding where to put their firms'
headquarters, for example, have an impact on shareholder returns and their capacity
to obtain financing. When Andrew Prihodko, a Ukrainian student at MIT, and Sharon
Peyer, a Swiss-American citizen at Harvard, decided to start an online picture
management firm, they deliberated long and hard on where to base Pixamo. Should
they incorporate it in Ukraine, which has a straightforward tax system but a
tumultuous legal history? Or Switzerland, with its higher taxes but well-established
legal system? Or Delaware, which has even higher taxes yet is home to the majority
of U.S. start-ups? When Prihodko and Peyer sold Pixamo to NameMedia in 2007,
they opted to base the firm in the comparatively tax-friendly Swiss canton of Zug, a
choice that benefited stockholders. Some global entrepreneurs must deal with many
nations at the same time, which is difficult. Gary Mueller founded Internet Securities
7. in 1994 to give data on rising markets to investors. After three years, the company
had operations in 18 countries and had to deal with the laws of Brazil, China, and
Russia on a daily basis. Internet Securities became a market leader as a result of its
success, and Euromoney bought 80 percent of the company's stock for $43 million in
1999.
Resources.
Customers expect start-ups to have the same capabilities as larger firms and to offer
the same level of quality. For resource-strapped startup companies, that's a hefty
assignment. Nonetheless, businesses have little choice but to go to whatever length
to keep consumers. Jim Sharpe bought XTech, a tiny firm that currently makes
faceplates for telecoms equipment, in 1987. Initially, the firm manufactured its items
in the United States and marketed them through sales agents and distributors in
other countries. Cisco, Lucent, Intel, IBM, and other XTech clients, on the other
hand, had moved the majority of their manufacturing to China by 2006. They grew
hesitant to do business with vendors that did not manufacture goods or provide
customer support in China. Sharpe didn't have an option but to establish a subsidiary
in China at that point. Competencies Required by Global Entrepreneurs
All business owners must be able to spot opportunities, assemble resources, and
close transactions. Soft talents such as vision, leadership, and enthusiasm are
required of all of them. However, they will need to develop four more skills in order to
win on a worldwide scale.
Articulating a global purpose
It is important to provide a crystal clear reason for being global. Robert Wessman, for
example, acquired control of a tiny pharmaceuticals manufacturer in his home
Iceland in 1999. Within weeks, he had come to the conclusion that the generics
company needed to globalise its key functions—manufacturing, research and
development, and marketing—in order to obtain economies of scale, create a broad
product portfolio, and be first to market with medications as they came off patent.
Actavis has expanded into 40 countries since then, frequently by acquiring local
businesses. Wessman encountered many obstacles, yet he adhered to his plan.
8. Actavis now produces 650 products and has 350 more in the works. In the year
2007,
Even so, there are no simple solutions to the problems of running a start-up in the
fast-paced world of global entrepreneurship. Consider Mei Zhang, who in 2000
launched WildChina, a high-end adventure-tourism firm in China. Zhang hired Jim
Stent, an American expatriate with a keen interest in Chinese history and culture, as
her COO three years later. In 2004, Zhang relocated to Los Angeles, appointing
Stent as CEO in Beijing and herself as chairwoman. As a result, an American
expatriate residing in Beijing had to oversee a Chinese expatriate living in the United
States.
The fact that the globe isn't flat shouldn't scare entrepreneurs. Being global is difficult
for the faint of heart, but even small businesses may succeed by using distance to
achieve a competitive edge.
IDENTIFY OPPORTUNITY, GENRATE IDEA AND CONDUCT FEASIBILTY
ANALYSIS
Listening to potential consumers' requirements, wants, difficulties, and
disappointments with your industry while you're targeting them. Have they ever
utilised comparable products and services? What did they enjoy and what did they
despise? What brought them to you? What are their qualms about your goods or
services? Listen to what your consumers have to say about your industry, goods,
and services when you're speaking with them. What are some of the most commonly
asked questions? Experiences? Frustrations? What are your suggestions and
grievances? This useful consumer data will assist you in identifying significant
business possibilities to expand and improve your present goods and services. Do
some competition analysis (but don't let it paralyse you) to examine what other
startups are doing, and, more crucially, what they aren't doing. Where are they
collapsing? What exactly are they doing correctly? What draws customers to them
rather than you? Analyzing your rivals will assist you in identifying crucial business
possibilities to broaden your market reach and improve your products and services.
9. Subscribe to trade magazines, join relevant organisations, set up Google alerts for
important industry phrases and news, and follow other industry professionals on
social media. Immerse yourself in your field and stay up to date on the newest
techniques and trends.
Scratch your Own Itch
Create a solution for something that you find really annoying or painful in your life.
Create a better solution for something that you do every day — e.g. make the
process more efficient, less expensive or more enjoyable.
Solve a Problem for a Niche Audience
3. Build an email list around a niche topic and survey them about their biggest
challenges about it.
4. Analyse the activity in niche forums and on platforms like Quora and Reddit to
discover the pain points and desires of niche groups.
Discover Business Ideas in your Corporate Job
5. Look at the internal processes of the company you are working for (Human
Resources, Finance & Accounting, Marketing, Management, Sales, etc.): What are
processes that could be made more efficient? How could they be improved with the
use of technology?
6. Look at the people working with you: How could they get better at what they do?
How could they be happier at what they do so the company can keep their best-
performing employees?
7. Look for improvement potential of the company’s core service. How could its
product or service be made better, cheaper or more efficient? Think of out-of-the-box
ways that the big companies are missing as well as business ideas that benefit from
small agile startup teams instead of big capital and resources.
8. Look at transferability of its products and processes: How could its processes be
used in a different industry? How could its products be made accessible to a
completely different market (e.g. a cheaper, more basic version in third world
countries)?
10. 9. Look for improvement potential in its supply chain: How could processes of its
suppliers or customers be made more efficient?
Analyse Trends
10. Look at the trending topics on Social Media Sites like Twitter, Reddit, Buzzfeed,
YouTube etc. Remember the Fidget Spinner? If you are able to jump onto trending
topics fast enough by creating or reselling related products or services, you can build
a valid business.
11. Become a trend spotter yourself: Read, read, read. Pick an industry and spend a
couple of months reading everything about it. Do it until you get to the point where
you are able to spot and predict upcoming trends yourself.
Explore your Passion
12. Look at your past jobs and analyse what you liked/did not like in your role. Think
of industries and types of businesses that would allow you to do more of what you
like. For example, if you loved working with people in your customer service job, why
not build a coaching or consulting business?
13. Make a list of things you love to do and would do for free. Think about how you
could turn these things into a business. For example, if you are passionate about
healthy living and spend your free time researching recipes, finding new ways to
workout and read up on the newest health trends — why not start a blog or coaching
business with your expertise?
Build on your Strengths
14. Look at your past jobs and analyse what you were really good at.Think of
industries and types of businesses that would allow you to use your skills and
strengths. For example, if you were really good at writing blog posts in your past
marketing job, you could start a business as a freelance writer.
15. Think of businesses and industries that you would have an unfair advantage in.
This could be based on extensive industry experience, knowledge, skills or network.
How could you use this advantage to build a business?
Become an Idea Machine
11. 16. Train your brain to come up with ideas on tap by writing down 10 ideas about one
topic every day. They don’t need to be business ideas but they need to be related to
just one topic. This will force your brain to get really creative. For example: write down
10 ideas to make cooking easier, 10 ideas to loose weight, 10 ideas to sell books, etc.
17. Read, Read, Read. The more you read about different things in all sorts of areas,
the more ideas will come to you naturally. By expanding your knowledge, you are
expanding your realm of business ideas.
Apply a well-known business model to a
different industry or product
18. Build the Uber for X, the Airbnb for Y
or the Warby Parker for x. You get the
point.
19. Find a niche and resell products on
your own dropshipping store, Amazon,
eBay or other market places.
FEASIBILTY ANALYSIS
PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS - The language gap is a big problem in itself.
The idea to learn new language seems cool, in fact one common element in the
bucket list of most of people out there is to learn a new language. However, how
exciting the process to learn a new language can be, also be pretty tiresome. Often
learners have hard time learning new words and mastering accents, and owing to
this, they end up giving up on the process in between.
In this picture we can see that four people are speaking four
different languages they all are speaking same thing here
but in different languages which creates a language gap.
Market Potential - Intercultural communication by nature is already a difficult situation
with the endless potential for misunderstanding and conflict. Non native speakers of
12. English, though from different language and cultural backgrounds, have an
understanding of what it means to be communicating in a language that is not their
mother tongue. On the other hand native speakers are at a disadvantage when it
comes to using English internationally.
Most of the people in the world do not speak English or, even if they use, it is their
second or third language.
There should be more studies conducted on language barrier/ gap but as of now we
know that 94% of the world's population does not speak English as their first
language. 75% do not speak English at all.
What are the existing solution available?
There are different language apps which minimize the language barrier, one can also
use some translating services for the gap to minimize & the traditional method where
are you learning a language from scratch on your own from books, where you can go
wrong.
The current state of language barrier or gaps is wide, the gap is continuously
increasing as such in our country there is no big language teaching app or website
which emphasise on English or even if there are they are very costly and lower
background people are not able to afford it. Moreover we all are aware of the COVID
19 situation and everyone in lockdown this gives students a great opportunity to learn
different languages while being in their homes.
Our idea is specifically language teaching based application, which primarily focuses
on English language but gives you a whish list of wide Varity of different languages to
learn and personal tutors.
SCOPE - It will be an affordable programme to all, providing top quality services, free
customer support and will help building good vocabulary. Highest quality intensive
English program to non native speakers of English, not only English but more than
500+ language courses worldwide. The whole programme will be online.
BRAND NAME : Learningician Space, as it is a space to learn and grow.
Tag line : LEARNINGICIAN where learning is magical and fun.
13. Why and how is our innovation novel?
Empowering students to acquire attitudes, values and skills that enhance cross
cultural communication with that we check speech comprehension via exercise ,
pronunciation check, regular revision, language practice and at the end programme a
certificate from our side to the students.
Patent will safeguard our innovation, it will safeguard our product certain
specifications according to its originality, practicality, suitability, and utility.
What does our user say?
CUSTOMER REVIEWS
My son is learning Japanese and they were so helpful in accommodating our needs.
Big shout out to Learningician Space for all helpful insights to invigorate this learning
experience for my son. Great customer service and this app is so easy to navigate
through and user friendly. – (Potential customer)
Great app. Makes learning fun and easy. - (Potential customer)
WHAT IS OUR BUSINESS MODEL –
Learningician Space services are targeted at the mass market, notably those who are
interested in learning a second language but do not have the enough funds or time to
commit to a formal language course.
The online language learning market is expected to grow at 18.7% from 2020 to
2027 to reach $21.2 billion by 2027.
High fixed costs, low variable costs
2000 – 4000 INR for a 8 week course.
An individual interested in languages, and individuals interested in lower income with
busy schedules.
FINANCIAL ANLYSIS.
FEEDBACK - Learningician Space is not a stand-alone language course, but it's an
excellent addition to a language learner's toolbox. It's easy to use, it's fun and it
14. works. Don't forget to do the homework, though. If your aim is to achieve real fluency,
remember to read, speak, and truly live the language that you're learning!
An app with reasonable features is certain to cost somewhere around 7- 22 lac INR
for a single platforms, for both it can go up to 33 lac INR. Also the salary paid to
teachers and in a
Funding will be raised by some part of bank loan, investors investing in the business
and personal savings.
A free course will be given to certain school students, basic plan of 8 week course will
be given to them and later their feedback will be taken. Also some random working
people of different age groups.
If the plan did not work out company will be sold to investors
ELEVATOR PITCH
We are language learning app based company , learning language is now easy with
Learningician Space,
People who are keen to learn new language but they have busy schedule – they can
students, working people or even older age group.
We give private tutors, regular revision, learning is fun and easy with us, the learner
can even chat with the tutor to clear doubts, we improve vocabulary, pronunciation
check and so much more
By regular advertisements in between YouTube adds and while using different social
media platforms we will promote the app.
TEAM
The process of language learning mobile app is pretty extensive hence having your
team in place is crucial. Get the services of a good language learning app
development company to create an app that is rich in features and able to meet the
desired expectations.
Project manager
IOS Developer, Android Developer, Back – end app Developers and a Website
developer
15. UX/UI designers, Graphic designer‘
QA testers.
Excellent teachers of different languages on board.