The document discusses various aspects of project planning and management. It describes different organizational structures for projects, including project-type, functional, and matrix structures. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each structure. Additionally, it covers topics like work breakdown structures, managing resources, and different project planning models such as PRINCE2, PMBOK, Kepner-Tregoe, and logical framework analysis.
UNIT II STUDY GUIDE Project Governance and TeamEach of thes.docxgertrudebellgrove
Ā
UNIT II STUDY GUIDE Project Governance and Team
Each of these organizational structures has advantages and disadvantages. InUaNIfTunxcStioTnUaDl oYrgGaUnIiDzaEtional structure, the advantages include having clearly defined career path and a direct supervisor reporting
structure. In addition, the employees are experts in their fields. The disadvantages of such a structure include the following: employeesā jobs are difficult to change because they are experts in their fields, disagreement within the organization can occur due to not having enough resources to go around, each project team believing their project should be top priority, project manager has little to no authority over the project, and the project manager is usually just part-time.
In a projectized organizational structure, the advantages include a dedicated project focus, project loyalty, and efficient project organization and communication. The disadvantages of this structure include the following: once the project is gone, a personās job could be gone; resources are siloed instead of shared; and job functions and facilities may be duplicated across the organization.
In a matrixed organizational structure, the advantages include the following: visible objectives, increased support from functional managers, project manager maintains more control over the project, job roles are more flexible jobs remain intact even when the project is complete, and project team members receive multiple inputs on their performance during the project. The disadvantages of this structure include the following: project team members have more than just one boss to answer to, projects become more complex, more policies and procedures are required, and different objectives and priorities may exist.
It is important to note that irrespective of the organizational structure, the project organization by definition is temporary. Therefore, as projects are completed, project team members return to their respective functional homes or to other projects within the organization or outside the organization. It is equally important to note that within the matrix structure, and sometimes within the functional organizational structure, project team members may not be assigned to the project 100% of the time.
Project Management Structures
An effective project management system must ensure that the strategic objectives of the organization are met while also meeting the project objectives. As a project manager, it is important to understand your organizational objectives and ensure that that your project objectives do not counter but rather, align and support the overall organizational goals. Because of the project/organization relationship, the role of authority and resource allocation between the two groups is clearly defined.
There are two major constraints from an organizational perceptive that projects are afflicted with. First, most organizations are operational by function, and their structures are designed for o ...
UNIT II STUDY GUIDE Project Governance and TeamEach of thes.docxgertrudebellgrove
Ā
UNIT II STUDY GUIDE Project Governance and Team
Each of these organizational structures has advantages and disadvantages. InUaNIfTunxcStioTnUaDl oYrgGaUnIiDzaEtional structure, the advantages include having clearly defined career path and a direct supervisor reporting
structure. In addition, the employees are experts in their fields. The disadvantages of such a structure include the following: employeesā jobs are difficult to change because they are experts in their fields, disagreement within the organization can occur due to not having enough resources to go around, each project team believing their project should be top priority, project manager has little to no authority over the project, and the project manager is usually just part-time.
In a projectized organizational structure, the advantages include a dedicated project focus, project loyalty, and efficient project organization and communication. The disadvantages of this structure include the following: once the project is gone, a personās job could be gone; resources are siloed instead of shared; and job functions and facilities may be duplicated across the organization.
In a matrixed organizational structure, the advantages include the following: visible objectives, increased support from functional managers, project manager maintains more control over the project, job roles are more flexible jobs remain intact even when the project is complete, and project team members receive multiple inputs on their performance during the project. The disadvantages of this structure include the following: project team members have more than just one boss to answer to, projects become more complex, more policies and procedures are required, and different objectives and priorities may exist.
It is important to note that irrespective of the organizational structure, the project organization by definition is temporary. Therefore, as projects are completed, project team members return to their respective functional homes or to other projects within the organization or outside the organization. It is equally important to note that within the matrix structure, and sometimes within the functional organizational structure, project team members may not be assigned to the project 100% of the time.
Project Management Structures
An effective project management system must ensure that the strategic objectives of the organization are met while also meeting the project objectives. As a project manager, it is important to understand your organizational objectives and ensure that that your project objectives do not counter but rather, align and support the overall organizational goals. Because of the project/organization relationship, the role of authority and resource allocation between the two groups is clearly defined.
There are two major constraints from an organizational perceptive that projects are afflicted with. First, most organizations are operational by function, and their structures are designed for o ...
MBA 6931, Project Management Strategy and Tactics 1 C.docxaryan532920
Ā
MBA 6931, Project Management Strategy and Tactics 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Characterize important project management issues.
3.1 Describe how a company should be reorganized for greater effectiveness.
3.2 Analyze the challenges associated with a new organizational structure related to its scope.
3.3 Explain how a new organizational structure would impact the Key Manager Incentive Plan
(KMIP) program.
4. Outline project activity and risk taking in the project management process.
4.1 Explain the risks associated with a new organizational structure and scope.
4.2 Describe how structure and scope impact the overall project management process.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit III Lesson
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
3.2
Unit III Lesson
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
3.3
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
4.1
Unit III Lesson
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
4.2
Unit III Lesson
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
Reading Assignment
Chapter 5: The Project in the Organizational Structure, pp. 145-176
Unit Lesson
Organizational structure is how the organization is constructed. This can include management levels as well
as everyone who works toward maintaining the strategic mission of the organization with an eye on
development toward achieving the strategic vision. Companies can be organized in many different ways, and
the creativity in organizational structures continues to evolve.
One of the most common methods for organizational project structures is that of functionality, which is based
on functions within the organization such as marketing, accounting, finance, operations, human resources,
and more. This strategy is advantageous because of its specialization of functions within each operational
branch as well as its simplicity and general overall acceptance. This method provides a high level of staff
flexibility within each branch and represents a consistent path of advancement for individuals within each
function. The largest disadvantage with functional organizational structures is the fact that the client or
customer is not the primary focus. Instead, priority is placed on the tasks within each of the functions. Another
significant disadvantage of a functional approach within an organization is that the employees within each
function tend to have a narrow focus aligning with their particular function versus a more holistic viewpoint
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
Organizational Structure
MBA 6931, Project Management Strategy and Tactics 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
encompassing all areas within the organization. This narrow focus can create conflict within the team instead
of a cohesively operating team atmosphere.
A project-oriented structure assumes that each of the functions described in the functional ...
You start a project. Any project. Tiny or global, due a single week or a decade, free of charge or many-millioned. The project start is the most dangerous and the most attractive stage of its realization. You plunge into the chaos. Into the inescapable chaos, created by complex-organized multi-level systems.
These systems existed before and donāt fail to exist after Your project completion. And itās up to You only, how effectively You keep Your project on in the strict succession: accepting chaos ā limiting chaos ā ordering chaos, attaining Your project objective ā and again, accepting chaos.
POM 3 JUNE 2022 PROJECT MANAGEMENT QUESTION.pdfAlison Tutors
Ā
This document has questions on Project management asked in the paper 3 June 2022
The paper tested on the following concepts :
-steps involved in creating a feasibility study
-definition of project manager and project management
-responsibilities of a project manager
-project management methodology
-Work Breakdown Structure
-Net Present Value
Project Management Strategy and Tactics 1 Course Learning .docxpauline234567
Ā
Project Management Strategy and Tactics 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Summarize the project management process groups.
3.1 Summarize the initiation phase of a project.
3.2 Assess the 5Ws and 1H of team formation in the initiation phase of a project.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit Lesson
Part 1: Chapter 13
Part 2: Chapter 2
Unit III Scholarly Activity
3.2
Unit Lesson
Part 1: Chapter 9, pp. 99-103
Part 1: Chapter 13
Part 2: Chapter 2
Blog: ā#NowIUnderstand Glossary: The 5W1H Methodā
Unit III Scholarly Activity
Required Unit Resources
Part 1: Chapter 9: Project Resource Management, pp. 99-103
Part 1: Chapter 13: Project Stakeholder Management
Part 2: Chapter 2: Initiating Process Group
In order to access the following resource, click the link below.
Humanperf Software. (2018, May 3). #NowIUnderstand glossary: The 5W1H method. Humanperf Blog.
https://www.humanperf.com/en/blog/nowiunderstand-glossary/articles/5W1H-method
Unit Lesson
Introduction
Welcome to Unit III. In this unit, we focus on the project management phase of initiating. The initiation phase
is essential because it is here that the vision is established for what will be accomplished. If you recall from
Unit I, we explored how projects are aligned to the strategic objectives and goals of the organization. During
the initiation phase, business benefits from the project are discovered. Based on the business benefits that
the project may be able to deliver, the project stakeholders will determine if the time, money, and risk of the
project are worth the potential benefits or the return on investment (ROI). The stakeholders are important
throughout the entire project, but they are especially important in the initiation phase. The stakeholders play a
pivotal role in ensuring that the project scope and end results are aligned with the strategic objectives of the
organization. If this task is not completed, the company will have projects being completed that have no real
goal and are not tied to the strategic goals. This would mean a loss in ROI. Letās explore the other key tasks
completed in this phase of the project management process.
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
Initiating
https://www.humanperf.com/en/blog/nowiunderstand-glossary/articles/5W1H-method
Project Management Strategy and Tactics 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
The Role of the Project Stakeholders
As tempting as it might be to jump into the project, the project stakeholders benefit from taking their time and
ensuring that the project is set in the right direction. So, who are these stakeholders? The project
stakeholders usually play one or two roles in the project. First, they are the ones who will benefit from the
project and will use the end-result deliverables. For example, if the project is to create a new timesheet for the
human resources staff to track the number of.
Training Slides of Construction Supervising Site Engineer - Duties & Responsibilities, discussing the importance of Construction Site.
Some Key-Points:
-The meaning and concept of project management
-The Role of the Project Manager
-The Architect as a Construction Project Manager
For further information regarding the course, please contact:
info@asia-masters.com
www.asia-masters.com
MBA 6931, Project Management Strategy and Tactics 1 C.docxaryan532920
Ā
MBA 6931, Project Management Strategy and Tactics 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Characterize important project management issues.
3.1 Describe how a company should be reorganized for greater effectiveness.
3.2 Analyze the challenges associated with a new organizational structure related to its scope.
3.3 Explain how a new organizational structure would impact the Key Manager Incentive Plan
(KMIP) program.
4. Outline project activity and risk taking in the project management process.
4.1 Explain the risks associated with a new organizational structure and scope.
4.2 Describe how structure and scope impact the overall project management process.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit III Lesson
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
3.2
Unit III Lesson
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
3.3
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
4.1
Unit III Lesson
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
4.2
Unit III Lesson
Chapter 5, pp. 145-176
Unit III Case Study
Reading Assignment
Chapter 5: The Project in the Organizational Structure, pp. 145-176
Unit Lesson
Organizational structure is how the organization is constructed. This can include management levels as well
as everyone who works toward maintaining the strategic mission of the organization with an eye on
development toward achieving the strategic vision. Companies can be organized in many different ways, and
the creativity in organizational structures continues to evolve.
One of the most common methods for organizational project structures is that of functionality, which is based
on functions within the organization such as marketing, accounting, finance, operations, human resources,
and more. This strategy is advantageous because of its specialization of functions within each operational
branch as well as its simplicity and general overall acceptance. This method provides a high level of staff
flexibility within each branch and represents a consistent path of advancement for individuals within each
function. The largest disadvantage with functional organizational structures is the fact that the client or
customer is not the primary focus. Instead, priority is placed on the tasks within each of the functions. Another
significant disadvantage of a functional approach within an organization is that the employees within each
function tend to have a narrow focus aligning with their particular function versus a more holistic viewpoint
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
Organizational Structure
MBA 6931, Project Management Strategy and Tactics 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
encompassing all areas within the organization. This narrow focus can create conflict within the team instead
of a cohesively operating team atmosphere.
A project-oriented structure assumes that each of the functions described in the functional ...
You start a project. Any project. Tiny or global, due a single week or a decade, free of charge or many-millioned. The project start is the most dangerous and the most attractive stage of its realization. You plunge into the chaos. Into the inescapable chaos, created by complex-organized multi-level systems.
These systems existed before and donāt fail to exist after Your project completion. And itās up to You only, how effectively You keep Your project on in the strict succession: accepting chaos ā limiting chaos ā ordering chaos, attaining Your project objective ā and again, accepting chaos.
POM 3 JUNE 2022 PROJECT MANAGEMENT QUESTION.pdfAlison Tutors
Ā
This document has questions on Project management asked in the paper 3 June 2022
The paper tested on the following concepts :
-steps involved in creating a feasibility study
-definition of project manager and project management
-responsibilities of a project manager
-project management methodology
-Work Breakdown Structure
-Net Present Value
Project Management Strategy and Tactics 1 Course Learning .docxpauline234567
Ā
Project Management Strategy and Tactics 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit III
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
3. Summarize the project management process groups.
3.1 Summarize the initiation phase of a project.
3.2 Assess the 5Ws and 1H of team formation in the initiation phase of a project.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
3.1
Unit Lesson
Part 1: Chapter 13
Part 2: Chapter 2
Unit III Scholarly Activity
3.2
Unit Lesson
Part 1: Chapter 9, pp. 99-103
Part 1: Chapter 13
Part 2: Chapter 2
Blog: ā#NowIUnderstand Glossary: The 5W1H Methodā
Unit III Scholarly Activity
Required Unit Resources
Part 1: Chapter 9: Project Resource Management, pp. 99-103
Part 1: Chapter 13: Project Stakeholder Management
Part 2: Chapter 2: Initiating Process Group
In order to access the following resource, click the link below.
Humanperf Software. (2018, May 3). #NowIUnderstand glossary: The 5W1H method. Humanperf Blog.
https://www.humanperf.com/en/blog/nowiunderstand-glossary/articles/5W1H-method
Unit Lesson
Introduction
Welcome to Unit III. In this unit, we focus on the project management phase of initiating. The initiation phase
is essential because it is here that the vision is established for what will be accomplished. If you recall from
Unit I, we explored how projects are aligned to the strategic objectives and goals of the organization. During
the initiation phase, business benefits from the project are discovered. Based on the business benefits that
the project may be able to deliver, the project stakeholders will determine if the time, money, and risk of the
project are worth the potential benefits or the return on investment (ROI). The stakeholders are important
throughout the entire project, but they are especially important in the initiation phase. The stakeholders play a
pivotal role in ensuring that the project scope and end results are aligned with the strategic objectives of the
organization. If this task is not completed, the company will have projects being completed that have no real
goal and are not tied to the strategic goals. This would mean a loss in ROI. Letās explore the other key tasks
completed in this phase of the project management process.
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE
Initiating
https://www.humanperf.com/en/blog/nowiunderstand-glossary/articles/5W1H-method
Project Management Strategy and Tactics 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
The Role of the Project Stakeholders
As tempting as it might be to jump into the project, the project stakeholders benefit from taking their time and
ensuring that the project is set in the right direction. So, who are these stakeholders? The project
stakeholders usually play one or two roles in the project. First, they are the ones who will benefit from the
project and will use the end-result deliverables. For example, if the project is to create a new timesheet for the
human resources staff to track the number of.
Training Slides of Construction Supervising Site Engineer - Duties & Responsibilities, discussing the importance of Construction Site.
Some Key-Points:
-The meaning and concept of project management
-The Role of the Project Manager
-The Architect as a Construction Project Manager
For further information regarding the course, please contact:
info@asia-masters.com
www.asia-masters.com
Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit and TemplatesAurelien Domont, MBA
Ā
This Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit was created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte and BCG Management Consultants, after more than 5,000 hours of work. It is considered the world's best & most comprehensive Digital Transformation and IT Strategy Toolkit. It includes all the Frameworks, Best Practices & Templates required to successfully undertake the Digital Transformation of your organization and define a robust IT Strategy.
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2. Project
It is a temporary endavour undertaken to create a
unique product, service or result. A project is a
temporary in that it has a define beginning and end
in time.
Project Management
Is define as application of knowledge,skills, tools
and technique to project to project activities to
meet project requirements.
Project organization
Is describe as human infrastructure of a project. It
is design to identify the project organization chart,
the roles and the relationship of the project team.
3. Organizational structure
It is clearly identify the roles and responsibility of
each position, supplementing the existing roles
definition where necessary to cover all of the
responsibilities.
4. Three types of organizational
structure in project management.
Project- type organizational
structure
Refers to the creation of independent of project
team.
Functional organizational
structure
Is to be managed by the current
organization by hierarchical structure
Matrix Organizational Structure
it loads a level of project management structure on the functional
hierarchical structure. According to the relative power of project
managers and functional managers, in practice there are different
types of matrix systems,
5. Advantage of organizational
structure
Focus on this project team, a project manager is solely
responsible for the project, the only task of the project
members is to complete the project, and they only
report to the project manager, avoiding the multiple
leadership.
The project teams decision is developed within the
project and the reaction time is short.
In this project, members work with strong power, hogh
cohesion, participants share the common goal of the
projectand individuals has clear responsibilities.
6. Disadvantage of the organizational
structure.
When a company has a several project, each project has it own
seperate team, which will lead ro the duplication of efforts and loss
of the scalable economies.
The project team itself is independent entity, prone to condition
known as "project inflammatory" disease that is, there is a clear
dividing line between project team and parent organization,
weakening the effective integration, project team and parent
organization.
The project team members lack of a business continuity and
security once the project ended. Return to their original function
may be more difficult
7. Advantage of functional
organizational structure.
The use of personnel with greater flexibility.as long as the
choice suitable functional department as project
supervisor.the department will be able to provide the
proffesional and technical personnel required by the
project. Technology expert can be used by the different
project and after completion od the work can go back to
his original work.
When the prject team members leave or leave the
company, the function can be used as the basis
maintaining the continuity of the project
Functional department can provide a normal career path
for professional.
8. Disadvantages of functional
organizational structure.
Project often lack of focus, each unit has it own core
function of general business. Sometimes in order to
meet their basic needs, reponsibility for the project will
be ignored, especial when the interest taken in the
project brought to the unit not the same interest
Such organizational has certain difficulties in the inter
department cooperation and exchange.
Motivation is not strong enough the project
participants, they think the project is an additional
burden and not directly related to career development
and upgrading.
9. In such organizational structure sometimes no one
should assume full responsibility for the project.
Often the project manager is only responsible for
the part ofthe project. others are responsible for
the other patrs of the project. Which leads to the
difficulties in coordination situation.
10. Different types of matrix systems
ā¢ Functional Matrix
ā¢ Project Matrix
ā¢ Balance Matrix
Matrix Organizational Structure
it loads a level of project management structure on the functional
hierarchical structure. According to the relative power of project
managers and functional managers, in practice there are different
types of matrix systems,
12. Project Matrix
in this matrix, project managers have greater powers than functional
managers);
13. Balance Matrix
in this matrix, functional managers and project managers have the
equal powers.
14. ā¢ It is the same as functional structure that resources can be shared in
multiple projects, which can significantly reduces the problem of
redundant staff;
ā¢ Project is the focus of work, with a formal designated project
manager will make him give more attention to the project, and
responsible for the coordination and integration work between
different units;
ā¢ When there are multiple projects simultaneously, the company can
balance the resources to ensure that all the projects can progress to
complete their respective costs and quality requirements;
ā¢ The anxiety of project members is reduced greatly after the end of
the project, while they are strongly associated with the project, on
the other hand, they have a āhomeā feeling about their functions
The advantages of this organizational structure:
15. ā¢ The matrix structure has exacerbated the tensions between functional
manager and project manager;
ā¢ Under any circumstances, sharing equipment, resources and
personnel among different projects will lead to conflict and
competition for scarce resources;
ā¢ In the process of project implementation, the project manager must
negotiate and consult with the department managers on various
issues, which leads to the delay in decision making;
ā¢ Matrix management is not according to the principles of unified
management, project members have two bosses, the project manager
and functional managers, when their commands are divided, it will
make members at a loss.
The disadvantage of this organizational structure:
16. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
ā¢ As defined by PMBOK Guide is a deliverable-oriented
hierarchal decomposition of work to be executed by the
project team to accomplish the project objectives and create
the required deliverables
ā¢ It aims to divide complex project for which it is difficult to
create a schedule into individual tasks that require a clearly
defined time to complete.
Three reasons to use a WBS in
Projects
ā¢ First, it helps more accurately and specifically define and
organize the scope of the total project.
ā¢ Second, using a WBs in projects is to help with assigning
responsibilities, resource allocation, monitoring the project,
and controlling the project
ā¢ Lastly, it allows to double check all the deliverablesā specifics
with the stakeholders and make sure there is nothing
missing or overlapping.
17. Project Managers use a work breakdown
system (WBS) to define and organize the
tasks needed to complete the project.
Hereās How:
ā¢ Determine the desired project results
ā¢ List the major steps
ā¢ Define the smaller tasks of each major step
ā¢ Figure out what tasks have to be completed
the step
ā¢ Continue the process
19. CREATING A WORK BREAKDOWN
STRUCTURE IS A TEAM EFFORT AND
IS THE CULMINATION OF MULTIPLE
INPUTS AND PERSPECTIVES FOR
THE GIVEN PROJECT.
20. ONE EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUE IS TO
ORGANIZE A BRAINSTORMING SESSION
WITH THE VARIOUS DEPARTMENTS
THAT WILL BE INVOLED WITH THE
PROJECT.
21. PROJECT TEAMS CAN USE LOW TECHNOLOGY
TOOLS LIKE:
WHITE
BOARD
STICKY NOTES
OR NOTE PADS
TO IDENTIFY MAJOR DELIVERABLES,SUB-
DELIVERABLES AND SPECIFIC WORK PACKAGES.
22. SAMPLE OF A WBS-PLANNING FOR A TRADE SHOW (USING MATCHWARE MINDVIEW)
25. PEOPLE
A PROJECT MANAGER NEEDS TO MAKE SURE THAT
HE HAS THE PEOPLE WITH THE SKILL SET
REQUIRED FOR THE TASK.
NOT ONLY WILL THE RIGHT PLACE AT THE RIGHT
TIME,BUT HE MUST ALSO EQUIP THEM WITH THE
TOOLS AND KNOWLEDGE THEY NEED.
IT IS HIS JOB TO MAKE SURE THAT THEY ARE
FULLY AWARE OF WHAT IS EXPECTED FROM
THEM,AND HOW LONG THEY HAVE TO DO IT.
26.
27. E
Q
U
I
P
M
E
N
T
S
PEOPLE NEED EQUIPMENT TO COMPLETE ATASK.
HE NEEDS TO MAKE SURE THAT THE EQUIPMENT
IS AVAILABLE AND IS IN WORKING ORDER.
RENTAL FEES FOR EQUIPMENT CAN ACTUALLY
BE CALCULATED INTO THE PROJECT.
28. NO MATTER WHAT INDUSTRY FOR EVERY PROJECT THAT NEEDS TO
BE COMPLETED,A PROJECT MANAGER WILL REQUIRE A CERTAIN
AMOUNT OF MATERIALS,EVEN SOMETHING AS SMALL AS PEN AND
PAPER.
IT IS UP TO HIM TO MAKE SURE ALL THE MATERIALS THAT ARE
NEEDED FOR THE TASK HAVE ARRIVED ON TIME AND ARE
ACCESSIBLE.
THIS GOES BACK TO MANAGING PEOPLE AND VENDORS.
33. *Processes overlap and interact throughout a
project or phase. Processes are described in
terms of.
1.Inputs (document, plans, designs, etc.)
2. Tools and techniques (mechanisms, applied to
inputs)
3. Outputs (documents, products, etc)
34.
35. Each knowledge are contains some or all of the project
management processes.
For example: project procurement management includes.
1. Plan Procurements.
2. Conduct Procurements.
3. Close procurements
37. 1. Definition justifies the project in terms of need and relevance by
determining the specific objectives of the project. The time, cost
resources, required and other performance parameters all find
mention in the process
2. Planning elucidates who executes the specific tasks of the project the
timeline of implementation and risk management aspects
3. Implementation looks into the deliverables by ensuring the effective
use of the evaluating the process.
4. Communication is actually a part of the above three process and
concerns with stakeholder involvement and satisfaction, people
management and developing leadership skills.
38. *Log Frames Model
Log frames or logical frameworks is another project-
planning model. This model adopts a top-down
approach to project planning by identifying the
activities in a project with a rigorous risk and
assumption analysis. One side of the matrix includes
indicators of achievements means of verification and
important risks or assumptions on the other side.
39. *A log matrix frame matrix is a concise documents
that outlines the key features that lead to a project
achieving its goal.
*A Log frame consists of a 4 column by 4 or 5 row matrix
.
1. The first columns represents the hierarchy of
activities to outline that needs to occur for the
project to succeed.
2. The second columns represents the indicators that
are appropriates measures of whether the
activities outputs or outcomes have been achieved.
3. The third column represents the data source have
been achieved
4. The last column is very important and outlines the
assumption that need to hold true for that
particular activity, output or outcomes to occur.