This document outlines the key components of developing terms of reference for a new library automation project. It discusses establishing the goal to install a new circulation system. The objectives are defined as developing circulation modules, enabling online reservations, and implementing automatic overdue fines. The scope, deliverables, organizational structure, initial tasks plan, risks, assumptions, and constraints are also addressed to provide management with enough information to decide if the project should proceed.
In this presentation, we will discuss about risk, project risk and four broad strategies to handle risk. We will also talk about the role of buffers and contingency plan in risk management, project tracking meetings.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit:
http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
In this presentation, we will discuss about risk, project risk and four broad strategies to handle risk. We will also talk about the role of buffers and contingency plan in risk management, project tracking meetings.
To know more about Welingkar School’s Distance Learning Program and courses offered, visit:
http://www.welingkaronline.org/distance-learning/online-mba.html
Short overview of decision analysis in project management; project decision analysis workflow; introduction to psychology of judgement and decision-making in project management.
For more information how to perform schedule risk analysis using RiskyProject software please visit Intaver Institute web site: http://www.intaver.com.
About Intaver Institute.
Intaver Institute Inc. develops project risk management and project risk analysis software. Intaver's flagship product is RiskyProject: project risk management software. RiskyProject integrates with Microsoft Project, Oracle Primavera, other project management software or can run standalone. RiskyProject comes in three configurations: RiskyProject Lite, RiskyProject Professional, and RiskyProject Enterprise.
Embedding risk management as an integral part of the project framework is an essential and fundamental part of any project, programme or portfolio as a way of keeping costs down, benefits high, and increasing the probability of successful delivery.
Risk Management is essential to the success of all project work. Information about key project cost, performance, and schedule attributes are often unknown until the project is underway and changes are occurring during execution.
Measure what matters for your agile projectMunish Malik
While working with Agile projects, we simply can't get away from tracking and showcasing the progress of the project. A typical Agile project would be working with estimates, story points, velocities, burn-up or burn-down charts.
I have witnessed numerous sprint reviews and showcases where the business is only waiting to see those few slides of the presentation where there is the "actual" red worm, running against the "planned" green worm, trying to catch-up. If the red worm is ahead, I have seen a smile on the faces of the stakeholders. If it matches the green one, there is a sigh of relief. And as a development team you should just pray that the poor red guy is not falling behind the green one, lest it might lead to a lot of questions starting with why, how, what etc.
There have also been times where there have been some unfortunate heated discussions that last forever on why did the team end up not claiming a few points that they had committed. What gets lost is what the team accomplished in the sprint that adds good value to the product. There have also been times where the estimates are being questioned by the product owner or account managers. If you are working in a distributed setup where the product owner is working out of a different country, the problem is even bigger.
Let us think about a scenario where the project gets completed on time, budget and scope. Majority (or all) of estimates were correct. However, when the product went live to the market it failed big time. What is the use of building such a product?
Are we focusing too much on numbers and points and overlooking the other important aspects of Agile software development such as producing software that delights the customers and looking for ways on how we can measure that? Are we measuring if we are creating a solid, robust and a scalable platform that is ready for future developments and enhancements? Are we measuring the outcomes of the time we are spending in the shoes of the people who will actually use the software?
The objective of this presentation is to promote the thinking of measuring what matters for your project. To measure the goals that your software development wants to achieve. I don't plan to showcase an exhaustive list of measurements that can solve all your problems, however, I instead want to highlight some samples that I have used in my projects with the help of my team, that helped us to measure things that add value to the business and development v/S simply creating burn down charts.
Majorly, I want to encourage thinking out of the box to identify what measurements will really matter for your projects. Perhaps from the eyes of the users and business and see what things if measured will add a lot more value than simply estimates, and will help in creating a valuable product that will truly delight the business and the users of the product.
Short overview of decision analysis in project management; project decision analysis workflow; introduction to psychology of judgement and decision-making in project management.
For more information how to perform schedule risk analysis using RiskyProject software please visit Intaver Institute web site: http://www.intaver.com.
About Intaver Institute.
Intaver Institute Inc. develops project risk management and project risk analysis software. Intaver's flagship product is RiskyProject: project risk management software. RiskyProject integrates with Microsoft Project, Oracle Primavera, other project management software or can run standalone. RiskyProject comes in three configurations: RiskyProject Lite, RiskyProject Professional, and RiskyProject Enterprise.
Embedding risk management as an integral part of the project framework is an essential and fundamental part of any project, programme or portfolio as a way of keeping costs down, benefits high, and increasing the probability of successful delivery.
Risk Management is essential to the success of all project work. Information about key project cost, performance, and schedule attributes are often unknown until the project is underway and changes are occurring during execution.
Measure what matters for your agile projectMunish Malik
While working with Agile projects, we simply can't get away from tracking and showcasing the progress of the project. A typical Agile project would be working with estimates, story points, velocities, burn-up or burn-down charts.
I have witnessed numerous sprint reviews and showcases where the business is only waiting to see those few slides of the presentation where there is the "actual" red worm, running against the "planned" green worm, trying to catch-up. If the red worm is ahead, I have seen a smile on the faces of the stakeholders. If it matches the green one, there is a sigh of relief. And as a development team you should just pray that the poor red guy is not falling behind the green one, lest it might lead to a lot of questions starting with why, how, what etc.
There have also been times where there have been some unfortunate heated discussions that last forever on why did the team end up not claiming a few points that they had committed. What gets lost is what the team accomplished in the sprint that adds good value to the product. There have also been times where the estimates are being questioned by the product owner or account managers. If you are working in a distributed setup where the product owner is working out of a different country, the problem is even bigger.
Let us think about a scenario where the project gets completed on time, budget and scope. Majority (or all) of estimates were correct. However, when the product went live to the market it failed big time. What is the use of building such a product?
Are we focusing too much on numbers and points and overlooking the other important aspects of Agile software development such as producing software that delights the customers and looking for ways on how we can measure that? Are we measuring if we are creating a solid, robust and a scalable platform that is ready for future developments and enhancements? Are we measuring the outcomes of the time we are spending in the shoes of the people who will actually use the software?
The objective of this presentation is to promote the thinking of measuring what matters for your project. To measure the goals that your software development wants to achieve. I don't plan to showcase an exhaustive list of measurements that can solve all your problems, however, I instead want to highlight some samples that I have used in my projects with the help of my team, that helped us to measure things that add value to the business and development v/S simply creating burn down charts.
Majorly, I want to encourage thinking out of the box to identify what measurements will really matter for your projects. Perhaps from the eyes of the users and business and see what things if measured will add a lot more value than simply estimates, and will help in creating a valuable product that will truly delight the business and the users of the product.
A series of modules on project cycle, planning and the logical framework, aimed at team leaders of international NGOs in developing countries.
New improved version of Writing Project Proposals in February 2014.
Excited to share my presentation on Lesson 03 - "Doing the Work" for PMI Authorized PMP Exam Preparation! 📊🌐
In this session, I'll delve into the core aspects of effective project management, aligning your skills with PMI's renowned PMP certification. We'll explore the art of translating theory into practical action, delivering tangible results in complex projects. Join me in unraveling the secrets to success in the PMP exam journey! 💡🚀
#PMPExam #ProjectManagement #PMP #PMI #Certification #ProfessionalGrowth
Digital financial service plays a paramount role to enhance financial inclusion and digitizing services is no longer an option for financial institutions in general and banks in particular. Digitization has become the means to increase customer base and outreach rural areas and low-income clients. Needless to mention, large segments of the population are financially excluded in the developing world including Ethiopia, and digital solutions allow banks to enhance customer engagement and product usage, which in turn enhances financial inclusion.
Telco-banking partnership became inevitable to enhance digitization, which helps to enhance customer base for both parties. Strategic partnerships between telecom companies and banks made significant contributions in terms of productivity, profitability and digitization. Telecom companies played a pivotal role in the growth of the banking sector allowing customers to make financial transactions using their mobile phones. Partnerships between Telecoms and banks have become strategic game changers in the financial industry, and enables high value financial services for the retail and SME markets in particular.
Such partnerships have also mutual benefits for the parties. Telecoms can streamline their financial models and gain quick access to high quality, customizable and transparent bank services. This optimization may help gain a better customer experience and build brand loyalty for the telecoms. On the other hand, banks can gain access to a larger pool of customers, gain traction in the mobile payments sphere, and strengthen their target markets.
This report was initiated by the invitation of the Ethio-Telecom for a partnership to provide a microcredit and saving products on its Tele-Birr platform in accordance with the relevant directives of the NBE. Based on the assessment of best practices and the regulatory framework, this report critically reviews the partnership agreement proposal of the Ethio-telecom, and comes up with an alternative proposal that would mutually benefits both parties.
2. Key Objectives of the Partnership
The government of Ethiopia has taken many initiatives to enhance digitization and financial inclusion. The level of the financial inclusion in Ethiopia is weak, but an enabling environment is being created to enhance financial inclusion. Recently, a directive has been issued to integrate financial institutions with various payment instrument issuers with the objective of enhancing financial accessibility. Per the directive No. ONPS/01/2020, licensed payment instrument issuers are allowed to provide micro saving, micro credit and micro insurance products under the full responsibility of and written outsourcing agreement with a regulated financial institution and pension funds.
Ethio telecom is licensed by the National Bank of Ethiopia as a payment instrument issuer in accordance with the national payment system proclamation number 718/2011. Further, as per the NBE directive stat
In our day today life we often need to manage project for various reasons. For efficiently
managing a project, project analysis, monitoring team development, controlling, Gantt chart,
critical paths, life cycles, consequences, administration panel are the crucial part. Project
administration is the craft of dealing with the undertaking and its deliverables with a perspective
to create completed items or administration. There are numerous routes in which a task can be
completed and the path in which it is executed is undertaking administration.
Pearson HND BTEC Level 5 HNDManaging a Successful Business Pr.docxAASTHA76
Pearson HND BTEC Level 5 HND
Managing a Successful Business Project (MSBP)
LO 1
[email protected]
Managing a Successful Business Project
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this module you will be able to:
Establish project aims, objectives and timeframes based on the chosen theme.
Conduct small-scale research, information gathering and data collection to generate knowledge to support your project.
Present your project and communicate appropriate recommendations based on meaningful conclusions drawn from the evidence findings and/or analysis.
Reflect on the value you have gained from conducting a project and its usefulness to support sustainable organisational performance.
LO1 : Establish project aims, objectives and timeframes based on the chosen theme.
P1 - Devise project aims and objectives for a chosen scenario.
P2 - Produce a project management plan that covers aspects of cost, scope, time, quality, communication, risk and resources.
P3 - Produce a work breakdown structure and a Gantt Chart to provide timeframes and stages for completion.
What is project management and what does it involve?
What is project management and what does it involve?
Most firms day to day operations serve customers through a network of inter connecting business processes, as business volumes change, the loading on these processes can increase or decrease (Nokes et. al. 2003) and there is often a need for some adaption in each process.
There may be a cumulative effect of many adaptions just to change of one of the processes, and as markets are subject to rapid change firms cannot afford to wait for gradual adaptions to take effect, therefore projects are required to provide a structure for making changes at a faster rate.
Nokes et al suggests that “ as markets increase and product cycles shorten the importance of projects will increase”. Projects are required to replace old and inefficient ways of doing things to methods better suited to modern market conditions.
Projects and the management of projects may be needed to tackle new problems.
Benefit of using case studies
In the aftermath of a series of acquisitions and mergers, a large financial services firm found itself attempting to operate with nearly seven hundred job titles for many similar positions due to the continued use of multiple legacy HR systems. The organization wanted to develop and implement a common set of job families and titles that could be used across the entire organization. Realizing the complexity of the task as well as a lack of internal expertise, they decided to seek external resources to carry out the work (Kaplan & Norton, 1996).
In order to begin developing a general overview of the project’s scope and cost, it is often helpful to collect information about how others have approached the same issue. This can be done through informal benchmarking efforts, consulting with colleagues.
PMP - Project Initiation Template for ProfessionalsDaniel_Mccrea
WHAT
--------------
A helpful guide for Project Management Professionals who are at the beginning of their projects in 'Project Initiation'.
FOR
--------------
Written in plain English for use in the real world (not just for study). If you're a professional who's rusty on Initiation or have fallen into bad habits - this guide will remind you what questions to ask,...and why!
BY
--------------
Daniel Mccrea a PRINCE2(R) and PMP(R) certified Project Manager specialising in online Software/ & Content Delivery.
Visit me here:
ie.linkedin.com/in/danielmccrea/
MBA 6951, Managing Complex Projects 1 Course Learning.docxAASTHA76
MBA 6951, Managing Complex Projects 1
Course Learning Outcomes for Unit II
Upon completion of this unit, students should be able to:
1. Examine the roles and responsibilities of a project manager.
1.1 Explain a project proposal that includes the project scope, schedule, and ultimate deliverables
that will be executed by a project manager.
2. Analyze the elements of measures of performance in the context of the triple constraints.
2.1 Explain a project proposal that includes risks in the context of the triple constraints.
2.2 Explain a project proposal that includes deliverables through measures of performance.
3. Determine the scope of a project.
3.1 Determine a project proposal that provides an overview of the scope of a project.
Course/Unit
Learning Outcomes
Learning Activity
1.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 5: Management Functions, pp. 145-170
Chapter 7: Conflicts, pp. 237-246
Unit II Assignment
2.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 5: Management Functions, pp. 145-170
Chapter 7: Conflicts, pp. 237-246
Unit II Assignment
2.2
Unit Lesson
Chapter 5: Management Functions, pp. 145-170
Chapter 7: Conflicts, pp. 237-246
Unit II Assignment
3.1
Unit Lesson
Chapter 5: Management Functions, pp. 145-170
Unit II Assignment
Reading Assignment
Chapter 5: Management Functions, pp. 145–170
Chapter 7: Conflicts, pp. 237–246
Unit Lesson
Management responsibilities involve the planning, organizing, staffing, controlling, and directing of people and
activities that will ultimately achieve the objectives parlayed within the organizational goals. Controlling is
actually a measurement function, which allows for evaluation and ultimate corrections that lead to ongoing
improvement and innovation within the organization. Directing suggests that the leader is actually
implementing the plans and involves several steps.
The interactive slide below explains the different steps in directing by the leader:
Click here to access the interactive slide.
Click here to access the interactive slide transcript.
UNIT II STUDY GUIDE
Managing Projects
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/bbcswebdav/xid-77177349_1
https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/bbcswebdav/xid-77175396_1
MBA 6951, Managing Complex Projects 2
UNIT x STUDY GUIDE
Title
Once this structure has been established, managers must journey through the concepts of power, authority,
and responsibility. The ideal situation is that a project manager would have both the responsibility and
authority to complete the task, but many times, they have the authority but not necessarily the formal power.
This creates a void in their effectiveness unless they can utilize other influences such as those indicated in
the interactive slide below.
The interactive slide below explains the different types of rewards and examples.
Click here to access the interactive slide.
Click here to access the interactive slide transcript.
Another important ar.
Here is the Part 4 of six sigma training course. Skillogic is providing training for both six sigma black and green belt courses along with certification.
Skillogic classroom training available in Bangalore, Chennai and Hyderabad. For mode details visit website.
Learn about how project management works in advertising.
An updated and narratated version of this presentation is now on SkillShare. Use this code http://skl.sh/2szHyFN to get access free for a month.
Introduction:
Strong Good Fair Needs improvement
Excellent attention grabber Great topic for this audience
______________________________________________________________________
Practice your opening
______________________________________________________________________
Transition from Main point-to sub point-to-Main point:
Strong Good Fair Work on your transitions
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Eye Contact:
Strong Good Fair Needs improvement
Great Eye Contact with your Audience Great Scan of your Audience
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Non-verbal communication:
Strong Good Fair Needs improvement
Walking while speaking Non-verbal Communications
______________________________________________________________________
Please use your hands more when speaking
______________________________________________________________________
Tone of Voice:
Strong Good Fair Needs improvement
Great use of words Easy to follow
______________________________________________________________________
Adjust your tone of voice to carry throughout your audience
Do not use abbreviations in your speech
______________________________________________________________________
Clothing/Attire:
Strong Good Fair Needs improvement
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Closing:
Strong Good Fair Needs improvement
Great re-cap of your topic
______________________________________________________________________
Practice your closing Time your closing
______________________________________________________________________
Questions and Answer:
Strong Good Fair Needs improvement
______________________________________________________________________
OTHER:
· THE ECONOMICS OF THE BUSINESS-Ryan- Environmental and Economic. Arturo-Social Sustainability
This section should address the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of your business model. Because customers (and investors) are increasingly interested in supporting companies that are proactive with regard to these issues, building a sustainable, socially responsible venture from the start can have competitive .
Discovery Phase [What is it and why is it important?]Stfalcon
Nowadays it’s unreasonable to start a software development project without a preliminary comprehensive analysis. Discovery phase should become an initial stage of any project you
deal with. It’s an information-gathering procedure, which brings you in-depth comprehension of the industry, the client’s business, and target audience.
BM301 Task 4 Instructions (due 08/12/2019)
Task 4: Financial Management
1) Financial objectives
a) Required Startup capital (how much do you need to start your project?)
b) Do you have sponsors? If yes, who are they? Who are your Funding plan?
2) Financial Forecast
a) Prepare an Income statement for 2 years.
b) Prepare a Breakeven Analysis.
c) Prepare a ROI Statement (only for those who have sponsors)
Full Report
Once you have done task 4, combine all of the tasks together into one Word file and submit it through the Moodle on 08/12/2019.
1
Prepared by Dr Nouf and Dr Abrar Fall 2019/2020
BM301 – Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Fall Semester 2019
Dr. Nouf Al-Bazie
Dr. Abrar Al-Enzi
Chapter 10: Operations and Risks
Overview
Operations Management
Risk Management
Operations Management
Key Activities
These are the activities that are important in producing the company’s value proposition.
Examples:
Consulting
Designing
Web development
Driving
Key Resources
Key resources include everything needed for the business model to succeed and the value proposition to be delivered.
It includes strategic resources needed to launch, maintain, and improve the business, product or service.
Examples:
Intellectual property
physical and financial assets
Office space
Computers
People (staff)
Internet connection
Car
Electricity
Key Partnerships
Key partners are external people or organizations that support your business.
Examples:
Partnerships
Suppliers
Joint ventures
Operating Plans and Critical Paths
Operating plans identify major processes and critical paths needed to complete a project. One method that can be used to monitor a project is a Gantt chart.
Gantt charts are a project planning technique used to present the timing of each task required to complete a project.
Benefits of a Gantt Chart
Helps in planning tasks that needs to be completed.
Demonstrate task schedules.
Allows to plan the allocation of resources needed to complete the project.
Helps to manage the dependencies between tasks.
When undertaking a project, Gantt charts are useful to monitor the progress of the project and take actions when needed.
How to Develop a Gantt Chart
List all the tasks needed to complete the project.
Note the duration for each task.
List all task dependencies, if any. A task dependency is when one task cannot start until another one has been finished. Example: Task B cannot start until Task A is complete.
By completing the chant chart, you will be able to identify the longest and shortest tasks needed to reach the end of the project without impacting the project schedule.
Gantt Chart Sample
Risk Management
Introduction
Preparing a risk assessment gives a better understanding of the kinds of risks that the company might face and its possible consequences.
Risk management is an ongoing process that involves identifying, assessing, mitigating and monitoring the impact of the risk event.
Risk Identi ...
According to Project Management Institute (PMI), the Initiating Process Group is the first step to complete the five PMBOK's Project Management Process Groups. The Initiating Process Group consists of (Developing a Project Charter & Identify Stakeholders) those processes performed to define a new project or a new phase of an existing project by obtaining authorization to start the project or phase.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
3. 1.11 What is a business case
A business case document is a formal, written
argument intended to convince a decision maker to
approve some kind of action.
3Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
4. 1.1.2 Identifying a problem
i). Observation
changes to the business vision, strategy or objectives;
particular business processes or technologies that are not
operating efficiently;
new competitor products or processes which have been
identified;
opportunities resulting from new technologies introduced to
the market place;
Operational trends which are driving changes in the
business;
changes to statutory, legislative or other environmental
requirements.
4Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
5. 1.1.2 Identifying a problem
ii). Crisis – This is where you meet a serious problem
which leads to you to initiate a problem
iii). Collecting views through user suggestion boxes
5Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
6. 1.1.3 Describing the business
problem
a full description of the problem;
the reasons the problem exists;
the elements that create the problem (such as
human, process, and technology factors);
the impact the problem is having on the business
(such as financial, cultural or operational impact);
The timeframe for the project
6Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
7. 1.1.4 Alternative solutions
List all the alternative solutions:
Implementing new computer system
Upgrading computer system
Maintaining the current system
Compare each of the alternative solutions and
recommend a preferred solution for implementation.
7Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
8. 1.1.5 ) Cost-benefit analysis
In large projects you may need to present costs and
benefits in form of a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) or
investment appraisal
The purpose is to show that the:
Problem and proposed solutions
Benefits outweigh the cost
Payback period is acceptable
Project is worth doing
8Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
9. c) Benefits
Benefits may not all fall in the library
Library may need less staff if the electronic loan system
is in place
Users
Will spend less time borrowing books
Will get an improved service
9Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
10. b) Costs
Where are the main areas of cost?
Cost of resources used by the project
Other costs incurred elsewhere – e.g time spent
10Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
11. Costs
In your case you should make allowance for the
unforeseen and include the elements for contingency
11Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
12. Tolerance and Contingency
The amount you allow within your agreed budget for
extra, unforeseen expenses
Tolerance and contingency are related to risk.
The greater the risk, the more likely the project is to
take longer and cost more.
Tolerance of around 10% and contingency of 15% is
usually about right – for projects taking not more
than six months
12Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
13. 1.1.6 Identify Risks
Risks are about:
The project not going to plan
Resources or people not being available when you
need them
Machines not working
The outputs not being of the quality you were
expecting
Think about :
What could go wrong
What the impact might be it did
13Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
14. Why do risks happen in a project
This happens because of:
Unchecked assumptions
Lack of realistic planning
Poor organization
Starting a project that is new or complex
Dependence on resources or factors outside your
control
14Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
15. Impact of Risks
The impact is proportional to the importance of the
project to your main business
If the online loans system fails: then will you be able to
serve your clients
Do you have a manual system in place? If not then you
are in trouble.
15Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
16. 1.1.7 List assumptions for project
Types of assumptions
Conscious
Unconscious
Reality proves our unconscious assumption wrong
Avoid making unconscious assumptions
Get into a habit of checking
Have regular meetings with minutes
Be realistic
16Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
17. What assumptions Are You
making?
Conscious assumptions (examples)
Inflation (exchange rate)
Same, 10% higher or 10% lower
Make educated guess
Supplier delivery of goods ordered
Make assumptions based on past experience
Write assumptions in an area of uncertainty (a risk)
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18. 1.1.8 Summary of a business case
a description of the problem or opportunity that
exists in the business;
a list of the available options for delivering a solution
to resolve the problem;
a list of the costs and benefits associated with each
solution option;
a list of risks and assumptions
a recommended solution option for approval.
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19. 2.0 Feasibility Study
A feasibility study is a detailed assessment of a
current business problem by identifying the various
solution options available and determining the
likelihood of each alternative solution meeting a
customer’s requirements.
A feasibility study can be done in house or by an
external group.
It can be useful to visit other organizations that have
tried similar projects and learn from their failures and
successes.
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20. 2.1 Feasibility study: decision
making tool
A feasibility study should provide management with
enough information to decide:
whether the project can be done
whether the final product will benefit its intended
users
what are the alternatives among which a solution will
be chosen (during subsequent phases)
- is there a preferred alternative which has been
chosen
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21. 2.2.0Types of feasibility studies
Operational
Define the urgency of the problem and the acceptability
of any solution;
If the system is developed, will it be used?
Includes people-oriented and social issues: internal
issues such as labour objections, manager resistance,
organizational conflicts and policies;
also external issues, including legal aspects and
government regulations.
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22. 2.2.0 Types of feasibility studies
Technical-- Is the project feasibility within the limits of
current technology? Does the technology exist at all? Is it
available within given resource constraints (i.e., budget,
schedule,...)?
Economic (Cost/Benefits Analysis ) -- Is the project
possible, given resource constraints? Are the benefits that
will accrue from the new system worth the costs?
What are the development and operational costs?
Schedule--Constraints on the project schedule and
whether they could be reasonably met
Finally, you prepare your report and you hand it in.
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23. 2.3.0 Collecting views for the
project
Begin with your customers
How will they be affected by the result?
How they will benefit
Talk to your colleagues
What do they think about your idea?
What are their expectations from the project
Talk to the other people (with relevant expertise) inside
and outside your organisation
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24. 3.0 Establishing terms of reference
(TORs)
After the business case and feasibility study have
been approved, a new project is formed (Project
Charter).
At this point, terms of reference are created.
The terms of reference define the goal, objectives,
scope and deliverables for the new project.
They also describe the organization structure,
activities, resources and funding required to
undertake the project.
Any risks, issues, planning assumptions and
constraints are also identified. 24Emmanuel Santa Mwagomba
25. 3.1.0. Develop a goal or project
purpose
3.1.1 A goal is a direction that you want to take at the
end of the project i.e
To install a new circulation system for the library
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26. 3.2.1 Objective(s)
Definition: is a statements of achievements,
attainable within the timeframe of the project, that
will lead to the accomplishment of project goals
Examples:
To develop circulation module for checking out and
checking in of library materials
To enable online reservations of library materials
To implement automatic overdue fine charges
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27. 3.2.2. Characteristics of objectives
Specific. The objectives must be so clear and well defined that anyone with a
basic knowledge of the project area can understand them. They must precisely
define what the project will and will not do.
Measurable. Objectives must be defined in measurable terms. If they cannot
be measured, they are too ambiguous and you need to define them more
clearly. To be successful, you must be able to measure and report on the
progress.
Agreed-upon. The project manager, project sponsors, and customers must
agree on the project objectives. All stakeholders must agree that the end
result will solve the problem or respond to the opportunity defined.
Realistic. The project objectives must be achievable, given the available
resources, knowledge, skills, and time. It might take some time and energy to
negotiate project objectives that are realistic.
Time/cost-limited. The objectives need to be framed within clear time/cost
goals. The amount of available time (budget) as well as any available
flexibility, should be defined,
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28. 3.2.1 Objectives: Importance
Help to convince others
Give you a point of reference for monitoring
Help you decide between different courses of action
Let you know when you have finished
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29. 3.3 Scope
Defines what will be included in the project and what
will not
Write it down
To define scope refer back to your objective
What do you need to do to achieve your objective?
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30. 3.1.3 Scope
Everything which contributes directly to the
objective;
Everything you must do to achieve the objective is
within the scope
Everything else is outside.
Use project objectives to decide what the scope will
be
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31. Scope: components
Essential – the project must deliver these;
Desirable – included in the scope, but could be
dropped without destroying the project;
Nice to have – if the project has a lot of resources,
these could be included
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32. 3.1.4 Deliverables
Checking in and checking out circulation modules
Reservation module
Overdue fines module
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33. 3.2.0 Project organisation
This deals with who will be involved in the project
3.2.1 Customers: List the customers who intend to
use the deliverables produced by the
project. Customers may be individuals or
groups within or outside the company. The
success of the project will be based primarily on
whether or not the deliverables produced
match the requirements of the customers
identified
3.2.2 stakeholders: you list all people or groups who
have interest in your project
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35. 3.4.0) Initial plan - Tasks
In this you come up with a number of activities to
and these activities can be arranged according to
dates in you will perform them within the time frame
It is preferred that you must use the Gantt chart
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37. 3.5.0 Listing project considerations
Risks – summarise most apparent risks
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38. 3.6 List of assumptions
List the major assumptions made while defining the
project. Examples include:
Prices of hardware and software will not increase
during the course of the project.
Additional human resources will be available from the
IT section to support the project.
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39. 3.5.2 Project constraints
List the major constraints identified while defining
the project. Examples include:
If time is short, the resources (cost) must increase or
scope must decrease, or both.
If funds are short, the time can be extended or scope
must decrease, or both.
If the scope is large, the cost will be greater or the time
must be extended, or both.
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