The document discusses two approaches to teaching writing: the product approach and the process approach. The process approach involves multiple stages: pre-writing, drafting, and revising. In pre-writing, students brainstorm, plan, and expand on ideas. In drafting, students write a first draft and then redraft based on feedback. The process approach takes more time but aims to develop students' language use through discussion, evaluation, and idea development between drafts. While complex, a supportive environment and timely feedback from teachers can help students improve their writing.

1. Week 10
Productive
Skills: Writing

2. Contents
Approaches
to Writing
01
The Process
Approach:
Phases
03
Notes to the
teacher
04
The Process
Approach
02

3. Two approaches to writing are
widely applied in the classrooms: the
more traditional Product Approach,
and the more creative Process
Approach.
Approaches
to Writing
01

4. Aims at
reproducing a
model text.
Product-based
Approach
Aims at developing
language use
through a series of
steps.
Process-based
Approach

5. The Process
Approach
Writing is a creative act
Writing is not done in just one sitting. It
is planned and it evolves, changing its
shape as it develops.
Writing is broken down into steps
Two major stages can be identified: the
pre-writing stage and the writing stage.
These, in turn, can be divided into smaller
tasks.
Feedback is provided between drafts
In this process approach, the teacher
provides feedback during the whole
process, rather than just at the end.
02

6. Process Aproach: Phases
Pre-writing Writing
In this stage, the focus is
on generating ideas.
Students do not need to do
much (or any) writing.
The Process-based approach to writing can have any number
of stages. However, two phases can be identified, each one
consisting of a number of varying steps.
Students write a series of drafts
focusing on content first, and then
on form. The teacher provides
feedback throughout the process.
03

7. Pre-writing
Brainstorming
Generate ideas
by discussing in
groups.
Planning
Organise the
ideas into a
diagram.
Expanding
Extend the ideas by
making notes.

8. Writing
Drafting
Write a first draft. Turn
the ideas into sentences
and link them.
Redrafting
Rewrite the text making the
necessary changes. (Redraft
if necessary).
Proofreading
Check the content,
grammar, and vocabulary.

9. The Process Approach to teaching writing focuses on developing language use.
Rather than aiming at reproducing a model text, students are guided through
a series of classroom activities that promote discussion, evaluation,
organisation, and development of ideas.
The flexible but complex nature of this approach makes it time-consuming, and
may even be frustrating for the learners. A supportive atmosphere and timely
feedback from the teachers are key to the process. Eventually, their written
work will improve and their efforts will bear fruit.
Notes
04

10. 1

11. 2

15. 3
4

16. 5

17. Watch the video "What Is Life Really Like in Singapore?" and complete
the table.
6

18. 7
Prepare a draft of an essay where you answer the
following question.
Would you prefer to live in Singapore or in Mexico?
Where would you be happier?

19. Happy
Writing!