The document discusses various methods for evaluating the print quality potential of paper, including full-scale print trials, controlled print runs, and standardized test prints. It describes different types of print mottle that can occur, such as back-trap mottle, water-induced mottle, and halftone mottle. Factors like ink setting rate, fount supply, coating weight variations, and paper optics can influence mottle. Print evenness and its effect on heavy images is also covered.
Colour management aims to standardize colour reproduction across different devices and stages of the printing workflow. It involves using colour profiles and colour spaces to translate colours between devices and map colours that fall outside a device's gamut. Paper plays a key role in colour management by influencing colour gamut, dot gain, and luminance. Standardized printing as defined in ISO 12647-2 specifies paper groups, CMYK and RGB colour targets, dot gain targets, and tolerances to help ensure colour consistency. Sappi provides services like prepress recommendations, colour management consultations, print quality evaluations, and trainings to help customers achieve high and consistent print quality.
Advancement in technology has paved the way for a much better garment printing. The art of direct printing on garment is simplified by the technology every day. You can already choose and create your own design for t-shirts and other garments regardless of how complex the design is.Every make a Confusion about printing, i try to make it clear.
Flocking is defined as the application of fine particles to adhesive coated surfaces. Nowadays, this is usually done by the application of a high-voltage electric field. In a flocking machine the "flock" is given a negative charge whilst the substrate is earthed. Flock material flies vertically onto the substrate attaching to previously applied glue.
This document discusses advanced garment printing techniques. It begins by defining printing as the localized dyeing or application of dye or pigment in a pattern on fabric. Advanced garment printing uses modern techniques to print attractive designs on 99% of fashion clothes. Some key advanced printing techniques mentioned include digital printing, flock printing, flex printing, and heat transfer printing. The document then discusses several printing techniques in more detail, focusing on digital printing and flock printing processes.
The document discusses various digital printing technologies, focusing on inkjet printing technologies. It describes two main inkjet technologies: continuous inkjet (CIJ) and drop on demand (DOD). CIJ uses a continuous stream of ink and electrostatic charges to control ink droplet direction. DOD systems generate ink droplets only when needed. Popular DOD methods include piezoelectric and thermal bubble jet (Canon) inkjet printing. The document also compares the advantages and disadvantages of different inkjet printing technologies for applications such as textile printing.
This document provides information about various products from Eastwood for powder coating and rust removal. It describes an environmentally friendly coating remover that dissolves coatings in a few minutes when parts are immersed. It also describes a one-step rust remover and phosphate coating called Fast Etch that can be sprayed, brushed or dipped onto rusted parts. Additionally, it mentions a powder coating gun stand, filter, fluidizing attachment and gun cups that help improve the powder coating process.
Colour management aims to standardize colour reproduction across different devices and stages of the printing workflow. It involves using colour profiles and colour spaces to translate colours between devices and map colours that fall outside a device's gamut. Paper plays a key role in colour management by influencing colour gamut, dot gain, and luminance. Standardized printing as defined in ISO 12647-2 specifies paper groups, CMYK and RGB colour targets, dot gain targets, and tolerances to help ensure colour consistency. Sappi provides services like prepress recommendations, colour management consultations, print quality evaluations, and trainings to help customers achieve high and consistent print quality.
Advancement in technology has paved the way for a much better garment printing. The art of direct printing on garment is simplified by the technology every day. You can already choose and create your own design for t-shirts and other garments regardless of how complex the design is.Every make a Confusion about printing, i try to make it clear.
Flocking is defined as the application of fine particles to adhesive coated surfaces. Nowadays, this is usually done by the application of a high-voltage electric field. In a flocking machine the "flock" is given a negative charge whilst the substrate is earthed. Flock material flies vertically onto the substrate attaching to previously applied glue.
This document discusses advanced garment printing techniques. It begins by defining printing as the localized dyeing or application of dye or pigment in a pattern on fabric. Advanced garment printing uses modern techniques to print attractive designs on 99% of fashion clothes. Some key advanced printing techniques mentioned include digital printing, flock printing, flex printing, and heat transfer printing. The document then discusses several printing techniques in more detail, focusing on digital printing and flock printing processes.
The document discusses various digital printing technologies, focusing on inkjet printing technologies. It describes two main inkjet technologies: continuous inkjet (CIJ) and drop on demand (DOD). CIJ uses a continuous stream of ink and electrostatic charges to control ink droplet direction. DOD systems generate ink droplets only when needed. Popular DOD methods include piezoelectric and thermal bubble jet (Canon) inkjet printing. The document also compares the advantages and disadvantages of different inkjet printing technologies for applications such as textile printing.
This document provides information about various products from Eastwood for powder coating and rust removal. It describes an environmentally friendly coating remover that dissolves coatings in a few minutes when parts are immersed. It also describes a one-step rust remover and phosphate coating called Fast Etch that can be sprayed, brushed or dipped onto rusted parts. Additionally, it mentions a powder coating gun stand, filter, fluidizing attachment and gun cups that help improve the powder coating process.
The document discusses back-trapping and trapping techniques in printing. Back-trapping normally improves print quality by smoothing the ink layer but can cause mottle and carry-over issues. Trapping refers to how well ink from subsequent prints transfers onto previously printed ink instead of bare paper and common problems include poor trapping and color deviations. The document also describes how ink is absorbed in coated paper, with the solvent entering the coating pores while pigment and binder remain on the surface.
Economic Indicators and Monthly Overview October 2015SappiHouston
The document summarizes economic indicators and forecasts from Europe, the US, and Japan in October 2015. In Europe, GDP growth forecasts remained stable for 2015 but declined slightly for 2016, and industrial confidence increased slightly while consumer confidence declined. In the US, GDP forecasts remained the same for 2015 but declined slightly for 2016. Japan's GDP forecasts declined for both 2015 and 2016, and its credit rating was downgraded. The document also includes charts and data on topics like GDP, inflation, unemployment, and business climate indexes for various countries and regions.
Flexible packaging laminates for the food sector 2013Jose Giraldez
This document provides information on flexible packaging laminates commonly used in the food sector. It lists various laminate materials like PET, OPP, PE, and aluminum that are used with different layer thicknesses, sealing materials, and printing techniques. The document then categorizes common food products and recommends suitable laminate combinations for different applications like coffee, rice, frozen foods, snacks, biscuits, and more. Key laminate materials mentioned include PET, OPP, PE, aluminum, paper, and cast polypropylene.
This document discusses using RSS feeds in Drupal. It describes using the Feeds and Aggregator modules to import RSS feeds to create nodes or display as sources. Views can be used to organize and style the imported content. Yahoo Pipes is also presented as an option for filtering and combining RSS feeds before importing them into Drupal.
El documento consiste en una serie de caracteres repetidos y no proporciona información sustantiva. No es posible generar un resumen significativo de 3 oraciones o menos a partir de este contenido.
Reef is an AJAX/Javascript component framework for Seaside that models HTML/Javascript components as Smalltalk objects. It hides communication complexity by using a dispatcher. While it requires an extra request, it handles interactions through callbacks like Seaside. Documentation and testing are still areas that need improvement, but optimizations have been made and new widgets have been added. Future work includes further dispatcher optimizations, more meaningful protocol names, documentation, and testing.
This document outlines 5 keys for success:
1. Powerful motivations and visualization of dreams are essential for success.
2. Maintaining high energy levels through exercise, diet, and avoiding stress is important.
3. Gaining knowledge through reading and learning, but knowledge must be put into action to be useful.
4. Taking action and working towards goals is key, despite fears of failure or delay.
5. People should dream big and write down their goals and plans to achieve their dreams.
The document discusses Voyage, a persistence layer for Pharo/Squeak that provides a common API and centralized management for saving and retrieving complex object models from various backends such as memory and MongoDB. It provides services like caching live objects, error handling, and reconnection. The API includes methods like #save, #remove, #selectAll. Voyage uses Magritte for object mapping and serialization. Initial versions work but need more optimization and cleanup. Future work includes supporting additional backends and collaborators.
The document discusses iBizLog, a platform for small businesses and independent professionals to create e-commerce websites. It provides features like customizable templates, shopping carts, and social networking integration. The platform is built using Pharo and Seaside, and runs on Gemstone using a custom storage mechanism called "Voyage". Over 1500 businesses have used iBizLog in the past year to set up their online stores.
Esteban Lorenzano presents Reef, a Javascript/Ajax component framework for Seaside. Reef allows developers to build Ajax interactions into Seaside applications using a transparent component model. It uses a dispatcher architecture with jQuery and supports callbacks, context, decorations, and plugins to extend components. Developers are encouraged to try Reef and provide feedback.
The document discusses Europeana's efforts to make cultural heritage metadata openly available and linked. It describes how Europeana aggregated metadata from various institutions but did not allow for redistribution. Europeana then shifted to openly licensing metadata under CC0 to encourage apps and sites to build upon the data. The document also discusses establishing a "cultural commons" where cultural institutions could collectively own and contribute to shared infrastructure for metadata and content.
This document provides tips and tricks for persisting object models using Voyage, an abstraction layer for mapping objects to databases. It discusses how Voyage ensures object identity and error handling while implementing a connection pool. The document emphasizes thinking in objects when modeling data and allows missing references between objects. It also provides examples of querying objects and adapting data schemes when the database schema differs from the object model. Finally, it outlines upcoming features for Voyage 2.0 including root detection, cyclic detection, and a Riak backend.
To add a Meebo Me widget to a website, visitors must first go to www.meebome.com to customize their widget and create a Meebo ID. They then copy and paste the widget code into the desired location of their website's HTML.
This document provides 4 YouTube video links about reading ideas from around the world as well as contact information for an individual named wowno2005@gmail.com and their Facebook profile at facebook.com/Albaili. The videos explore concepts and techniques for reading from different global perspectives. Contact details are included for further discussion.
Charlie works for a global company and uses various online tools to collaborate with teammates in different time zones. These tools include blogs, wikis, social bookmarking, podcasts, and social networks. While Charlie has never met many of his coworkers in person, he feels like he knows them through their online interactions and sharing of information. The tools help Charlie work more efficiently and empower his users to create their own documentation.
Europeana- The European Information LandscapeEuropeana
Europeana provides a single access point for over 12 million digitized cultural heritage objects from across Europe, allowing users like a young historian in Madrid to discover primary sources on Estonia from various institutions scattered across the continent and build a picture of the country through his virtual tour of artifacts. However, Europeana recognizes the need to make its homepage more interactive with additional context and ways to engage users beyond just searching and discovering content.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
The document discusses back-trapping and trapping techniques in printing. Back-trapping normally improves print quality by smoothing the ink layer but can cause mottle and carry-over issues. Trapping refers to how well ink from subsequent prints transfers onto previously printed ink instead of bare paper and common problems include poor trapping and color deviations. The document also describes how ink is absorbed in coated paper, with the solvent entering the coating pores while pigment and binder remain on the surface.
Economic Indicators and Monthly Overview October 2015SappiHouston
The document summarizes economic indicators and forecasts from Europe, the US, and Japan in October 2015. In Europe, GDP growth forecasts remained stable for 2015 but declined slightly for 2016, and industrial confidence increased slightly while consumer confidence declined. In the US, GDP forecasts remained the same for 2015 but declined slightly for 2016. Japan's GDP forecasts declined for both 2015 and 2016, and its credit rating was downgraded. The document also includes charts and data on topics like GDP, inflation, unemployment, and business climate indexes for various countries and regions.
Flexible packaging laminates for the food sector 2013Jose Giraldez
This document provides information on flexible packaging laminates commonly used in the food sector. It lists various laminate materials like PET, OPP, PE, and aluminum that are used with different layer thicknesses, sealing materials, and printing techniques. The document then categorizes common food products and recommends suitable laminate combinations for different applications like coffee, rice, frozen foods, snacks, biscuits, and more. Key laminate materials mentioned include PET, OPP, PE, aluminum, paper, and cast polypropylene.
This document discusses using RSS feeds in Drupal. It describes using the Feeds and Aggregator modules to import RSS feeds to create nodes or display as sources. Views can be used to organize and style the imported content. Yahoo Pipes is also presented as an option for filtering and combining RSS feeds before importing them into Drupal.
El documento consiste en una serie de caracteres repetidos y no proporciona información sustantiva. No es posible generar un resumen significativo de 3 oraciones o menos a partir de este contenido.
Reef is an AJAX/Javascript component framework for Seaside that models HTML/Javascript components as Smalltalk objects. It hides communication complexity by using a dispatcher. While it requires an extra request, it handles interactions through callbacks like Seaside. Documentation and testing are still areas that need improvement, but optimizations have been made and new widgets have been added. Future work includes further dispatcher optimizations, more meaningful protocol names, documentation, and testing.
This document outlines 5 keys for success:
1. Powerful motivations and visualization of dreams are essential for success.
2. Maintaining high energy levels through exercise, diet, and avoiding stress is important.
3. Gaining knowledge through reading and learning, but knowledge must be put into action to be useful.
4. Taking action and working towards goals is key, despite fears of failure or delay.
5. People should dream big and write down their goals and plans to achieve their dreams.
The document discusses Voyage, a persistence layer for Pharo/Squeak that provides a common API and centralized management for saving and retrieving complex object models from various backends such as memory and MongoDB. It provides services like caching live objects, error handling, and reconnection. The API includes methods like #save, #remove, #selectAll. Voyage uses Magritte for object mapping and serialization. Initial versions work but need more optimization and cleanup. Future work includes supporting additional backends and collaborators.
The document discusses iBizLog, a platform for small businesses and independent professionals to create e-commerce websites. It provides features like customizable templates, shopping carts, and social networking integration. The platform is built using Pharo and Seaside, and runs on Gemstone using a custom storage mechanism called "Voyage". Over 1500 businesses have used iBizLog in the past year to set up their online stores.
Esteban Lorenzano presents Reef, a Javascript/Ajax component framework for Seaside. Reef allows developers to build Ajax interactions into Seaside applications using a transparent component model. It uses a dispatcher architecture with jQuery and supports callbacks, context, decorations, and plugins to extend components. Developers are encouraged to try Reef and provide feedback.
The document discusses Europeana's efforts to make cultural heritage metadata openly available and linked. It describes how Europeana aggregated metadata from various institutions but did not allow for redistribution. Europeana then shifted to openly licensing metadata under CC0 to encourage apps and sites to build upon the data. The document also discusses establishing a "cultural commons" where cultural institutions could collectively own and contribute to shared infrastructure for metadata and content.
This document provides tips and tricks for persisting object models using Voyage, an abstraction layer for mapping objects to databases. It discusses how Voyage ensures object identity and error handling while implementing a connection pool. The document emphasizes thinking in objects when modeling data and allows missing references between objects. It also provides examples of querying objects and adapting data schemes when the database schema differs from the object model. Finally, it outlines upcoming features for Voyage 2.0 including root detection, cyclic detection, and a Riak backend.
To add a Meebo Me widget to a website, visitors must first go to www.meebome.com to customize their widget and create a Meebo ID. They then copy and paste the widget code into the desired location of their website's HTML.
This document provides 4 YouTube video links about reading ideas from around the world as well as contact information for an individual named wowno2005@gmail.com and their Facebook profile at facebook.com/Albaili. The videos explore concepts and techniques for reading from different global perspectives. Contact details are included for further discussion.
Charlie works for a global company and uses various online tools to collaborate with teammates in different time zones. These tools include blogs, wikis, social bookmarking, podcasts, and social networks. While Charlie has never met many of his coworkers in person, he feels like he knows them through their online interactions and sharing of information. The tools help Charlie work more efficiently and empower his users to create their own documentation.
Europeana- The European Information LandscapeEuropeana
Europeana provides a single access point for over 12 million digitized cultural heritage objects from across Europe, allowing users like a young historian in Madrid to discover primary sources on Estonia from various institutions scattered across the continent and build a picture of the country through his virtual tour of artifacts. However, Europeana recognizes the need to make its homepage more interactive with additional context and ways to engage users beyond just searching and discovering content.
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Driving Business Innovation: Latest Generative AI Advancements & Success StorySafe Software
Are you ready to revolutionize how you handle data? Join us for a webinar where we’ll bring you up to speed with the latest advancements in Generative AI technology and discover how leveraging FME with tools from giants like Google Gemini, Amazon, and Microsoft OpenAI can supercharge your workflow efficiency.
During the hour, we’ll take you through:
Guest Speaker Segment with Hannah Barrington: Dive into the world of dynamic real estate marketing with Hannah, the Marketing Manager at Workspace Group. Hear firsthand how their team generates engaging descriptions for thousands of office units by integrating diverse data sources—from PDF floorplans to web pages—using FME transformers, like OpenAIVisionConnector and AnthropicVisionConnector. This use case will show you how GenAI can streamline content creation for marketing across the board.
Ollama Use Case: Learn how Scenario Specialist Dmitri Bagh has utilized Ollama within FME to input data, create custom models, and enhance security protocols. This segment will include demos to illustrate the full capabilities of FME in AI-driven processes.
Custom AI Models: Discover how to leverage FME to build personalized AI models using your data. Whether it’s populating a model with local data for added security or integrating public AI tools, find out how FME facilitates a versatile and secure approach to AI.
We’ll wrap up with a live Q&A session where you can engage with our experts on your specific use cases, and learn more about optimizing your data workflows with AI.
This webinar is ideal for professionals seeking to harness the power of AI within their data management systems while ensuring high levels of customization and security. Whether you're a novice or an expert, gain actionable insights and strategies to elevate your data processes. Join us to see how FME and AI can revolutionize how you work with data!
Fueling AI with Great Data with Airbyte WebinarZilliz
This talk will focus on how to collect data from a variety of sources, leveraging this data for RAG and other GenAI use cases, and finally charting your course to productionalization.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...Alex Pruden
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and MilvusZilliz
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024Intelisync
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
Your One-Stop Shop for Python Success: Top 10 US Python Development Providersakankshawande
Simplify your search for a reliable Python development partner! This list presents the top 10 trusted US providers offering comprehensive Python development services, ensuring your project's success from conception to completion.
Salesforce Integration for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions A...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on integration of Salesforce with Bonterra Impact Management.
Interested in deploying an integration with Salesforce for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdfChart Kalyan
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
Skybuffer SAM4U tool for SAP license adoptionTatiana Kojar
Manage and optimize your license adoption and consumption with SAM4U, an SAP free customer software asset management tool.
SAM4U, an SAP complimentary software asset management tool for customers, delivers a detailed and well-structured overview of license inventory and usage with a user-friendly interface. We offer a hosted, cost-effective, and performance-optimized SAM4U setup in the Skybuffer Cloud environment. You retain ownership of the system and data, while we manage the ABAP 7.58 infrastructure, ensuring fixed Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) and exceptional services through the SAP Fiori interface.
This presentation provides valuable insights into effective cost-saving techniques on AWS. Learn how to optimize your AWS resources by rightsizing, increasing elasticity, picking the right storage class, and choosing the best pricing model. Additionally, discover essential governance mechanisms to ensure continuous cost efficiency. Whether you are new to AWS or an experienced user, this presentation provides clear and practical tips to help you reduce your cloud costs and get the most out of your budget.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Skybuffer AI: Advanced Conversational and Generative AI Solution on SAP Busin...Tatiana Kojar
Skybuffer AI, built on the robust SAP Business Technology Platform (SAP BTP), is the latest and most advanced version of our AI development, reaffirming our commitment to delivering top-tier AI solutions. Skybuffer AI harnesses all the innovative capabilities of the SAP BTP in the AI domain, from Conversational AI to cutting-edge Generative AI and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). It also helps SAP customers safeguard their investments into SAP Conversational AI and ensure a seamless, one-click transition to SAP Business AI.
With Skybuffer AI, various AI models can be integrated into a single communication channel such as Microsoft Teams. This integration empowers business users with insights drawn from SAP backend systems, enterprise documents, and the expansive knowledge of Generative AI. And the best part of it is that it is all managed through our intuitive no-code Action Server interface, requiring no extensive coding knowledge and making the advanced AI accessible to more users.
2. The structure of paper
Ink on matt-coated fine paper
Ink film thickness of 1-2 µm on ~15 µm coating
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 2
3. Ink film thickness on coated fine paper
Silk
Matt
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 3
4. Runnability in sheet-fed offset
Full-scale trial on low-grammage coated
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 4
5. Different types of print
• Newspapers Reproduction of text and
• Magazines images to please the
reader, advertiser or
• Special interest magazines
artist
• Manuals
Expectations
• Books
Total impression
• Art books, coffee table prints Print quality
• Corporate communication, Annual reports
• Sales promotion
• Direct mail
• Paper testing Reproduction of technical areas
that reveal the potential of the paper
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 5
6. What should we include in print quality potential?
• Print mottle Today’s presentation
– back-trap, water-induced, halftone, gloss
• Colour gamut
• Tone Value Increase
• Print evenness
– Potential to carry dark and heavily inked images
• Ink drying and ink setting
• Trapping values
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 6
7. How to determine print quality potential?
• Full-scale print trials
– Lab prints are not enough
• Controlled print run
– Target densities
– Standard settings (impression, speed…)
– Controlled climate
– Standard supplies (inks, plates, blankets…)
• Calibrated press
– Ink roller settings
– Fount roller settings (use FOGRA’s test form!)
• Dedicated print layout
– Technical areas
– No images
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 7
8. Sheet offset on coated woodfree
Standardised Print
• Market follow-up on 50 European papers
– Paper Type 1 and 2
• Comparison of 10 inks on three papers
– Gloss, silk, matt (Type 1 and 2)
Gretag Spectrolino Scanning densitometer Print layout
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 8
9. A print layout for print quality potential: K-C-M-Y-C
Print Mottle Print gloss Black
Ink scuffing
C50 + M50 C80C + M40M Print gloss 400%
C100 C100 Ink setting and drying
5th unit
No back-trap 2nd unit
C100 K40
2nd unit Ink Setting
No back-trap No back-trap
Tone 400 K40 K
K40 Curves
B G R
Print
Evenness Y M C
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 9
10. Different types of mottled print
• Back-trap mottle
– Uneven ink films and transparent inks
• Water-induced mottle
– Uneven ink transfer
– Ink refusal where excess fount can’t be accommodated in coating
• Paper optics
– Halftone mottle – Yule-Nielsen effects in screen tones
– Gloss mottle
• Ink trap mottle
– Uneven trapping of second ink
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 10
11. Print Mottle
Solid Cyan Blue halftones C+M 40% black
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 11
12. What is back trap?
• ’Trapping’ is when ink is transferred to a wet ink film on the paper
– (e.g. magenta on cyan)
• Back trap is when the wet ink is transferred from the paper to the
following blanket
– (e.g. cyan onto magenta blanket)
• Ideally, an equilibrium ink-film thickness is formed on back-trap blankets
• Subsequent ink-film splits in back trap level out the unevenness formed
by collapsing ink filaments
(higher print density in black after back trap)
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 12
13. Four-colour offset printing
Black ink Cyan ink Magenta ink Yellow ink
Blanket to paper Blanket to paper Blanket to paper Blanket to paper
Black ink Black ink Black ink
Paper to blanket Paper to blanket Paper to blanket
Cyan ink Cyan ink
Paper to blanket Paper to blanket
Magenta ink
Paper to blanket
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 13
15. Back-trap equilibrium is more easily disturbed
for the first inks down
2,00
1,80
equilibrium equilibrium equilibrium
Print density
1,60
paper with
1,40 slow
ink setting
paper with
1,20 slow change to paper with back to paper with paper with
ink setting medium ink-setting rate slow ink setting medium
ink-setting rate
1,00
paper with
Printing order slow
ink setting
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 15
16. Immobilisation of a setting ink film
immobilisation front moves
upwards through ink film
0,1 s 1s 3s 10 s 30 s 1 min 3 min
Ink setting time
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 16
17. Shift of ink split position after changing
to a faster setting paper
back-trap ink
on last blanket 50% splitting of non-
immobilized ink film
non-immobilized ink non-immobilized ink 50%
immobilized ink immobilized ink
paper coating paper coating
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 17
18. The effect is highly dependent on ink-setting rate
2,20
2,00
Print density
1,80
equilibrium equilibrium equilibrium
1,60
paper with
slow
1,40 ink setting
paper with paper with
1,20 slow change to paper with back to paper with fast
ink setting fast ink-setting rate slow ink setting ink-setting rate
1,00
paper with
Printing order slow
ink setting
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 18
19. Print on sheet with uneven ink-setting characteristics
sheet with ”slow-setting spots” gets mottled after back-trap
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 19
20. The memory effect
Uneven print also on next sheet
”spotless” sheet gets mottled print due to back-trap
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 20
21. Water-induced print mottle
• Printing on pilot-coated paper
• Low coating porosity resulting in unwanted hold-out of fount
• Excessive feed of fount in all print units
• Ink refusal where coated surface was too wet
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 21
22. Increasing the fount supply results
in white spots in the solid print
low fount supply high fount supply
Solid areas printed without pre-damp but with back-trap
(10 pts SB-latex)
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 22
23. Back-trap will improve print quality
in areas with excessive pre-damp
no back-trap with back-trap
70% areas printed with pre-damp
(15 pts PVAc-latex)
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 23
24. Excessive pre-damp may ruin
print quality of high binder content coatings
no pre-damp with pre-damp
70% areas printed with back-trap
(20 pts SB-latex)
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 24
25. Disturbed ink transfer after excessive
fount supply in four printing units
burnout
Gloss-coated 250 gsm
2nd unit 5th unit
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 25
26. Disturbed ink transfer after excessive
fount supply in four printing units
burnout
Silk-coated 250 gsm
2nd unit 5th unit
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 26
27. Mottle in black screen tones
• High contrast between black dots and surrounding white paper
• Total reflectance is average of unprinted white and (non-reflecting)
black dots
• Ink film density not very important
• Yule-Nielsen shadows in white areas is a major contribution
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 27
28. Optical dot gain
Yule-Nielsen shadows
Stefan Gustavson, LiU 1998
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 28
29. Optical dot gain
Effect on tone value and colour
AM
FM
after Matthieu Bossan, Creo, 2002
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 29
30. Optical dot gain
Yule-Nielsen shadows
coating
base sheet
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 30
31. Optical dot gain
Yule-Nielsen shadows
Lost light ray due to
lateral light scattering
in base sheet
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 31
32. Halftone mottle correlates to coat weight variations
Print mottle in 40% black
2.0
1.8
1.6 Further evidence:
SEM images show that
1.4 Dark regions have thin coating
(more Yule-Nielsen shadow from
1.2 base paper)
1.0 No significant difference in physical
0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5
(mechanical) tone between dark and
Coat-weight variations (burnout test)
light regions
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 32
34. Ink-trap mottle and more…
Blue halftones (Cyan+Magenta)
• Blue halftones combine ink-trap mottle and
the two basic types of mottle:
– the halftone character showing dot gain
variation
– the transparent ink film showing ink film
thickness variation
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 34
35. Print evenness is important in heavy images
Quality index, Fruit
10
8
6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8
Print evenness
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 35
36. Print evenness
Gloss mottle – Print gloss homogeneity
Mikael Lindstrand, STFI
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 36
37. Print evenness
three different surfaces on a curved sample holder
plastic film good WFC poor LWC
1 mm
Mikael Lindstrand, STFI
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 37
41. Paper shade
Ludovic Coppel, Innventia
Paper shade
42. Print substrate colour and gloss
ISO 12647-2: Offset lithography
• Five typical paper types and their shade/colour and gloss:
Paper type L* a* b* gloss
1. Gloss-coated, woodfree 93(95) 0(0) -3(-2) 65
2. Matte-coated, woodfree 92(94) 0(0) -3(-2) 38
3. Gloss-coated, web 87(92) -1(0) 3(5) 55
4. Uncoated, white 92(95) 0(0) -3(-2) 6
5. Uncoated, slightly yellowish 88(90) 0(0) 6(9) 6
Tolerance ±3 ±2 ±2 ±5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
– Black backing to allow for showthrough from reverse print
Values in brackets refer to white backing
Substrate backing (white) is standard in paper industry
– D50 illuminant, 2° observer, 0/45 or 45/0 geometry
D65/10° or C/2° and d/0° geometry is standard in paper industry
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 42
43. Print substrate used for proofing
ISO 12647-2: Offset lithography
• Five typical paper types and their shade/colour and gloss:
Paper type L* a* b* gloss
1. Gloss-coated, woodfree 93(95) 0(0) -3(-2) 65
2. Matte-coated, woodfree 92(94) 0(0) -3(-2) 38
3. Gloss-coated, web 87(92) -1(0) 3(5) 55
4. Uncoated, white 92(95) 0(0) -3(-2) 6
5. Uncoated, slightly yellowish 88(90) 0(0) 6(9) 6
Tolerance ±3 ±2 ±2 ±5
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• Print substrate used for proofing – identical to that of the production
• If not possible – close match in colour, gloss, surface grammage
• Press proofing on closest match to five typical paper surface types
• Proof substrate to conform … to attributes in Table 1 of the paper type
representing the production paper
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 43
44. Paper shade – Elrepho D65/10°
Paper Type 1 – 90-250 gsm
0
-1
Measurements according
-2 to paper industry
-3 standard
CIELAB-b*
-4
-5
All products out-of-range
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
CIELAB-a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 44
45. Paper shade – Elrepho D65/10°
Paper Type 2 – 90-250 gsm
0
-1 Measurements according
-2 to paper industry
-3 standard
CIELAB-b*
-4
-5
All except one products
-6 out-of-range
-7
-8
-9
-10
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
CIELAB-a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 45
46. Paper shade – Elrepho C/2°
Paper Type 1 – gloss 90-250 gsm
0
-1 Measurements according
-2 to "indoor whiteness"
-3 standard
CIELAB-b*
-4
-5
Some products in the box
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
CIELAB-a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 46
47. Paper shade – Spectrolino D50/2°
Paper Type 1 – 90-250 gsm
0
-1 Measurements according
-2 to printing industry
-3 standard
CIELAB-b*
-4 UV content not known
-5
Most products in the box
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
CIELAB-a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 47
48. Paper shade – D65/10° - D50/2° - i1 D50/2°
Paper Type 2 – Silk-coated fine paper
20
Moderate fluorescence
15
The D65 UV setting high
10
enough to offset the b*
5
b*
0
-5
-10
-15
D50 i1D50 D65
-20
-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 48
49. Paper shade – D65/10° - D50/2° - i1 D50/2°
Paper Type 3 – Uncoated fine paper
20
Strong fluorescence
15
The D65 UV setting gives
10
even larger offset in b*
5
b*
0
-5
-10
-15
D50 i1D50 D65
-20
-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 49
50. Paper shade – D65/10° - D50/2° - i1 D50/2°
Paper Type 4 – Uncoated WoodFree without OBA
20
No fluorescence
15
D65 and D50 quite close,
10
but D50 slightly more red
5
b*
0
-5
-10
-15
D50 i1D50 D65
-20
-20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20
a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 50
51. Conclusions – Paper Shade
A matter of taste – forget "ISO compliant"
ISO does not specify allowed shades
Should be determined with dedicated equipment
Most papers are within a narrow range of shades
53. Colour gamut – Spectrolino D50/2°
Paper Type 1 and 2, gloss/matt/silk 90-250
100
Gloss b*
Matt/Silk 80
All prints rather close to
Target values
60
target colour CMYRGB
40
Original RGB targets
20
-a* a*
0
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
-20
-40
-60
-80
-b*
-100
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 53
54. Colour gamut – Spectrolino D50/2°
Paper Type 1 and 2, gloss/matt/silk 90-250
100
b*
80
All prints very close to
60
target colour CMYRGB
40
After the 2004 Amendment
20
-a* a*
0
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
-20
-40
-60
-80
-b*
-100
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 54
55. Ten inks on gloss, silk and matt paper
Colour gamut – Elrepho C/2°
100
Ten inks on Gloss paper CIE b*
Ten inks on Silk paper 80
Ten inks on Matt paper 30 ink-paper
60 combinations but almost
identical results
40
20
CIE -a* 0
CIE a*
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
CIE -b*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 55
56. Conclusions – Primaries and Secondaries
No (or very small) influence of paper brand
Target colours can be reached with standard inks
60. Primaries and Secondaries – Elrepho D65/10°
Paper Type 2 – Silk-coated fine paper
Elrepho D65/10°
100
80
60
40
b*
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80
a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 60
61. Primaries and Secondaries – i1 D50/2°
Paper Type 2 – Silk-coated fine paper
100
80
60
40
b*
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80
a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 61
62. Primaries and Secondaries – D50/2°
Paper Type 2 – Silk-coated fine paper
Elrepho D50/2°
100
80
60
40
b*
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80
a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 62
63. Primaries and Secondaries – D50/2° UV excluded
Paper Type 2 – Silk-coated fine paper
Elrepho D50/2° UV excluded
100
80
60
40
b*
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80
a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 63
64. Spectral power and Relative UV content
Illuminants D65, C, D50, A
Relative to 560 nm (max colour vision) Relative to 440 nm fluorescence peak
300 2,00
1,75
250
1,50
Spectral Power
200
Spectral Power
1,25
150 1,00
0,75
100
0,50
50
0,25
0 0,00
350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 340 360 380 400 420 440 460 480 500 520 540 560
Wavelength, nm Wavelength, nm
D65 C D50 A D65rel Crel D50rel Arel
Relative power of A is almost twice that of C between 340 and 380 nm
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 64
65. Illumination is NOT same as Illuminant
Illumination 5000K and Illuminant D50
D50
2 D65
5000K CCT
5000K CCT + UV
Relative Power
1,5
1
0,5
0
300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750
Wavelength (nm) Ludovic Coppel, Innventia, 2008
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 65
66. Proof substrates from one supplier
x-rite iOne – a*-b* data
6,0
Red symbols denote
4,0 certified proof substrates
2,0
Green symbols denote production
0,0 paper PT2 and PT4
CIELAB-b*
-2,0
Type 2
-4,0
-6,0
Type 4
-8,0
-10,0
-12,0
-14,0
-2,0 -1,5 -1,0 -0,5 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0
CIELAB-a*
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 66
67. Conclusions – Paper Fluorescence
Fluorescence make papers whiter (more blue)
Effect is very dependent on illumination
Fluorescence shines through all print
Matching proof to print with proper choice of
proof substrate and illumination
69. Tone Value Increase: Black and Cyan
Paper Type 1 – 90-250 gsm
30% 30%
25% 25%
Black Tone Value Increase
Cyan Tone Value Increase
20% 20% +/- 4 20% 20% +/- 4
15% 15%
10% 10%
5% 5%
0% 0%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Nominal tone Nominal tone
Black and Cyan Dot Gain are both within tolerance
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 69
70. Optical dot gain
Effect on tone value and colour
AM
FM
after Matthieu Bossan, Creo, 2002
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 70
71. Reflectance histograms of K100, K40 and paper white
13,2% TVI(40)
2,5 25,0
2,0 20,0
Frequency, %
1,5 15,0
1,0 10,0
0,5 5,0
0,0 0,0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Reflectance, %
<K40> <BLACK> <WHITE>
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 71
72. Reflectance histograms of K100, K40 and paper white
20,1% TVI(40)
2,5 25,0
2,0 20,0
Frequency, %
1,5 15,0
1,0 10,0
0,5 5,0
0,0 0,0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Reflectance, %
<K40> <BLACK> <WHITE>
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 72
73. Reflectance histograms of K100, K40 and paper white
13,2% TVI(40)
2,5 25,0
Halftone dots Between dots
2,0 20,0
Frequency, %
1,5 15,0
Unimaged
Solid black
paper
1,0 10,0
0,5 5,0
0,0 0,0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Reflectance, %
<K40> <BLACK> <WHITE>
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 73
74. Reflectance histograms of K100, K40 and paper white
20,1% TVI(40)
2,5 25,0
Halftone dots
2,0 20,0
Unimaged
Frequency, %
paper
1,5 15,0
Between
Solid black
dots
1,0 10,0
0,5 5,0
0,0 0,0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Reflectance, %
<K40> <BLACK> <WHITE>
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 74
75. Black halftone seen in the microscope
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 75
77. Tone Value comparison
Densitometer readings vs. microscopy
56
Microscopy Tone Value
54
52
50
48
46
50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64
Densitometer Tone Value
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 77
78. Optical Tone Value Increase
Tone Values by microscopy
10,0
Single-coat matt
8,0
Optical TVI
multicoat
6,0
gloss multicoat silk
4,0
2,0
0,0
-20 -15 -10 -5 0
Reduction in paper reflectance between dots
28 Octoberl 2009 Printing for Paper Testing / Petter Kolseth 78
79. Conclusions – Tone Value Increase
Mechanical TVI is small (in the ideal case)
Optical TVI is quite large
Optical TVI is an inherent paper property
(but not related to brand)
TVI variations are mechanical due to press settings