The document provides an overview of the presidential system of government. It defines key characteristics, including that the executive branch is separate from the legislature, the president is both head of state and head of government, and is directly elected. It outlines criteria for a presidential system and notes advantages like direct mandate and speed, but also disadvantages like potential gridlock and difficulty removing an unsuitable president. Examples of countries that use the presidential system are provided, and Turkey's consideration of adopting it is discussed.

1. PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM: THE OVERVIEW
MOHAMMAD SYAMIL BIN SELAMAT
(2012461416)
ANIS ATHIRAH BINTI MOHD ISHAK
(2012625904)
NUR AFIQAH NADIAH BINTI MUHAMMAD KATHIRAN
(2012212326)
NOR NADIAH BINTI ROSLI
(2012218868)

3. INTRODUCTION
• A presidential system is a system of government where an executive
branch exists and presides separately from the legislature, to which it is
not responsible and which cannot, in normal circumstances, dismiss it.
• National presidents are "figurehead" heads of state. Presidential
governments make no distinction between the positions of head of state
and head of government, both of which are held by the president.
However Presidents in a presidential system are always active participants
in the political process, though the extent of their relative power may be
influenced by the political makeup of the legislature and whether their
supporters or opponents have the dominant position therein.
• The president’s characteristic :
a) Is the national head of state
b) Is the leader of the executive branch
c) It is not appointed by legislative branch ( in most cases is directly is
elected by the citizenry )
• Roles of president

4. CRITERIA
• It has single executive and all the power are vested in
president
• Whereas as in the case of presidential system both
president and legislator are elected separately for a fixed
term.
• There is no responsibility in this case
• There is least possibility for the existence of political
homogeneity.
• This single membership is enough.
• The entire power revolves around the president and is the
real executive.
•There is no need to dissolve the lower house.
•There is separation of power in ideal sense to control the
president.

5. ADVANTAGES OF PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
• Firstly, direct mandate where in a presidential system,
the president is often elected directly by the people.
• Second, separation of powers a presidential system
establishes the presidency and the legislature as two
parallel structures.
• Third, speed and decisiveness some argue that a
president with strong powers can usually enact
changes quickly.
• Lastly, stability a president, by virtue of a fixed term,
may provide more stability than a prime minister who
can be dismissed at any time.

6. DISADVANTAGES OF PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
• That is are tendency towards authoritarianism some
political scientists say that presidential is not
constitutionally stable.
• Next, it is Political gridlock the separation of powers of
a presidential system establishes the presidency and
the legislature as two parallel structures.
• Also, it is impediments to leadership change it is
claimed that the difficulty in removing an unsuitable
president from office before his or her term has
expired represents a significant problem.

7. EXAMPLES OF PRESIDENTIAL SYSTEM
• The example of countries that using
presidential Slovakia, Ireland, Portugal
,Weimar Germany, Korea, South ,Botswana,
the Marshall Islands, Nauru, Madison's
Virginia Plan and United States and many
more.

9. TURKEY
• Amending the administrative system has long been an issue in
Turkey since the presidency of Turgut Özal’s in the early 1990s.
• Prime Minister of Turkey, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan himself explicitly said he
would favor a presidential system, which he believes to be more suitable
for Turkey.
• The discussion at a meeting in Parliament where Deputy Prime Minister
Bekir Bozdağ criticized the current parliamentary system for its inability to
effectively implement the principle of the separation of powers.
• “It’s very clear that it does not fully reflect a parliamentary system. But it
is also not a presidential or semi-presidential system. It’s something
unique to Turkey,” Bozdağ said when analyzing the current system.
• He added that the system of checks and balances would be much more
effective within the presidential system than in the parliamentary system,
essentially making all three powers of the executive, legislation and
judiciary more powerful as well.

10. • The main opposition Republican People’s Party
(CHP) is opposed to adopting the presidential
system on the grounds that it is not suitable for
the Turkish political system and state structures.
• “Turkey should not discuss the presidential
system. It should not leave the parliamentary
system,” Akif Hamzaçebi, deputy parliamentary
group leader of the CHP told reporters.

12. MORE INFO:
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-
presidential_system
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidential_syst
em