This document provides an overview of psychological warfare and propaganda. It discusses how psychological warfare involves using propaganda and other psychological operations to influence opinions and attitudes of opposing groups. Throughout history, strategists have recognized the value of persuasion in conflict. During World Wars I and II, the US excelled at psychological warfare through strategic propaganda messages that led to widespread surrenders. Propaganda consists of planned mass communication designed to influence a group for a specific purpose. There are different types of propaganda including overt, covert, white, black, and grey. Edward Bernays is considered the father of public relations and saw how propaganda could be used for peacetime purposes to "engineer consent" without people realizing it. His publicity campaigns were very effective

1. Psychological
warfare
AKSHAY S K

2. Psychological warfare this term conjures up dark images of lies and brain washing,
its a shadowy and little understood part of military operations. Psychological
warfare involves the planned use of propaganda and other psychological operations
to influence the opinions, emotions, attitudes, and behavior of opposition groups.
The value of persuasion during conflict was recogonized over a 1000 yearS, ancient
chinese military strategist Sun tzu who wrote the art of war 2000 years ago wrote in
his book;
" ONE NEED NOT DESTROY HIS ENEMIES,ONE NEED TO ONLY DESTROY
HIS WILLINGNESS TO FIGHT".

3. During world war 1 specialists use
leaflets, loudspeaker broadcasts, and
radio messages in hopes that pen will be
mightier than the sword.

4. The USA excelled in psychological warfare
during World Wars 1 and 2. Their strategic
approach and structuring of the messages
supplied to the enemy forces through various
ways led to widespread surrenders and a
significant morale decline in the enemy army.
Even though the term conjures up a negative
image, Americans claim that psychological
warfare during the war had many positive
effects. It has, in part, decreased casualties on
both the enemy and American sides as more
soldiers started to give up their arms, according
to the Americans. The U.S. Army's director of
psychological warfare was Brigadier General
Robert A. McClure. Someone else, who had
been closely observing American strategy during
the Second World War, borrowed it, adjusted it
to perfection, and then applied it to a completely
The Nazis successfully employed
propaganda to gain the support of
millions of Germans in a democracy
and then in a dictatorship, enabling
persecution, war, and genocide. It
was none other than Adolf Hitler.
Nazi propaganda used clichés and
imagery that were not only not
novel but were also well known to
the audience they were aimed for.

5. PROPAGANDA
Propaganda consists of planned use of any form of public or mass
produced communication designed to affect the minds and emotions of a
given group for a specific purpose, whether military, economic or
political.

6. PROPAGANDA ARE OF TWO TYPES TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2
Type 1 there is OVERT PROPAGANDA AND COVERT PROPAGANDA
Type 2 there is WHITE PROPAGANDA, BLACK PROPAGANDA AND GREY
PROPAGANDA
Overt propaganda describes condition in which
the propagandists identity and interests are known to
the reactor or target audience.
Covert propaganda is in play when the
propagandist is unknown or disguised as in an
instance of unsigned political advertisement,
clandestine radio stations using false names, or
statements by officials who have been secretly bribed.
White propaganda is issued from an
acknowledged source, this type of propaganda is
associated with overt psychological operations.
Grey propaganda does not clearly identify
any source
Black propaganda purports to emanate
from a source other the true one. This type of propaganda
is associated with covert psychological operations

8. This is Edward Bernays, the man who is known
to be the one who brain washed America.
He is also credited with as the father of public
relations, according to Bernays propaganda is
The conscious and intelligent manipulation of
organized habits and opinions of masses.

9. Having seen how effective propaganda could
be during war, Bernays wondered whether it
might prove equally useful during peacetime,
this when Bernays established the public
relations to function as supervises and assesses
public attitudes, and maintaining mutual
relations and understanding between an
organization and its public.
Drawing on the insights of his Uncle Sigmund –
a relationship Bernays was always quick to
mention – he developed an approach he
dubbed “the engineering of consent.” He
provided leaders the means to “control and
regiment the masses according to our will
without their knowing about it.” To do so, it
was necessary to appeal not to the rational part
of the mind, but the unconscious

10. Bernays’ publicity campaigns were the stuff of legend. To overcome “sales resistance”
to cigarette smoking among women, Bernays staged a demonstration at the 1929
Easter parade, having fashionable young women flaunt their “torches of freedom.”
He promoted Lucky Strikes by convincing women that the forest green hue of
the cigarette pack was among the most fashionable of colors. The success of
this effort was manifested in innumerable window displays and fashion shows

12. Thank you