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- 1. India India’ ’s Nuclear s NuclearProgramme Programme V Raghuraman V Raghuraman Confederation of Indian Industry Confederation of Indian Industry Confederation of Indian Industry
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- 3. GENERATING CAPACITY 147458MW Power Infrastructure in India (end Jan.’09) Source: CEA (As on 31-01-09 ) FUEL MIX RES** (MNRE) , 13242.41, 9% Hydro (Renewable) , 36762.76, 25% Nuclear , 4120, 3% Total Thermal , 93332.64, 63% Total Thermal Nuclear Hydro (Renewable) RES** (MNRE)
- 4. Electricity Requirement 2031 ElectricityRequirement 2031 - - 32 32 8% 9% Total Energy Requirement 3880 4806 Energy Requirement at Bus Bar 3628 4493 592 733 778 960 Billion kWh Projected Peak Demand (GW) Installed Capacity Requirement (GW) GDP Growth Rate
- 5. 190 226 157 213 117 300 220 320 100 150 200 250 300 350 DESPITE THE ECONOMICSLOWDOWN, DEMAND WILL DESPITE THE ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN, DEMAND WILL BE HIGHER THAN CURRENT ESTIMATES BE HIGHER THAN CURRENT ESTIMATES * Including captive demand ** See appendix for details on demand estimation approaches Source: Central Electricity Authority (CEA); Global Insight (World Industry Monitor); Planning Commission; McKinsey analysis • • Revised Likely range Revised Likely range Peak demand estimates* GW, 2007-2017 Adjusted comparable economy approach** Sectoral intensity approach** Integrated Energy Policy CEA estimates 158 2012 2017 2007 Additional capacity of ~240-265 GW required
- 6. 6 Expected Fuel Mixin Country (2031-32) Source : Report on Integrated Energy Policy With limited hydro capacity, generation from fossil fuel and nuclear is bound to increase significantly.
- 7. Potential of NuclearPower in India Resource Potential (GWe-Yr) Uranium (78,000 tonnes metal) In PHWRs – 330 (about10,000 MWe PHWRs.) & In FBRs - 42,200 Thorium(518,000 tonnes metal)In Breeders–150,000* (*This is equivalent to India’s total electricity requirements for Several Thousand Years considering current consumption levels.)
- 8. Nuclear Power Installedcapacity Nuclear Power Installed capacity Potential (GW) Potential (GW) Year Unit Optimistic* Pessimistic 2010 Gwe 11 9 2020 Gwe 29 21 2030 Gwe 63 48 2040 Gwe 131 104 2050 Gwe 275 208 Source: DOAE * It is assumed that India will be able to import 8000 MW of LWRs with fuel over the next ten years. Scenario
- 9. Nuclear Energy inIndia Nuclear Energy in India 7 NARORA 440 MWe ( 2x220) 17 NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS UNITS IN OPERATION RAWATBHATA 740 MWe (1x100+1x200+2x220) KAIGA 660 MWe (3x220) KALPAKKAM 440 MWe (2x220) KAKRAPAR 440 MWe (2X220) TARAPUR 1400 MWe (2x160 + 2x540*)
- 10. Nuclear Energy inIndia Nuclear Energy in India Conti.. Conti.. 15 6 NUCLEAR POWER UNITS UNDER CONSTRUCTION RAWATBHATA 440MWe (2X220) KUDANKULAM 2000 MWe (2x1000) KAIGA 220 MWe(1x220) KALPAKKAM 500 MWe (1x500)
- 11. Nuclear Energy inIndia Nuclear Energy in India Conti.. Conti.. 28 Narora, UP 2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe) IN OPERATION UNDER CONSTRUCTION LIKELY ADDITIONS NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS PLANNED Rawatbhatajasthan 3 (640 MWe) 2(440 MWe) 2(1400MWe) Kudankulam, TN 2 (2000 MWe) 4 (4000 MWe) Kaiga,Karnataka 2 (440 MWe) 2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe) Kalpakkam, TN 2 (440 MWe) 1 (500 MWe) 2 (1000 MWe) Kakrapar, Gujarat 2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe) Tarapur, Maharashtra 3 (860 MWe) 1 (540 MWe) 3 (2300 MWe) Jaitapur, Maharashtra 6 (6000-8000 MWe) SITES ALREADY APPROVED FOR PRE-PROJECT ACTIVITIES RAWATBHATA 1400 MWe KUDANKULAM 2000 MWe KAKRAPAR 1400 MWe JAITAPUR 2000 MWe
- 12. Nuclear Energy inIndia Nuclear Energy in India Conti.. Conti.. 29 Narora, UP 2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe) IN OPERATION UNDER CONSTRUCTION LIKELY ADDITIONS NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS PLANNED Rawatbhatajasthan 3 (640 MWe) 2(440 MWe) 2(1400MWe) Kudankulam, TN 2 (2000 MWe) 4 (4000 MWe) Kaiga,Karnataka 2 (440 MWe) 2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe) Kalpakkam, TN 2 (440 MWe) 1 (500 MWe) 2 (1000 MWe) Kakrapar, Gujarat 2 (440 MWe) 2 (1400 MWe) Tarapur, Maharashtra 3 (860 MWe) 1 (540 MWe) 3 (2300 MWe) Jaitapur, Maharashtra 6 (6000-8000 MWe) BHIMAPUR 2800 MWe) ADDITIONAL SITES UNDER CONSIDERATION KUDANKULAM 2000 MWe KAIGA 1400 MWe KALPAKKAM 1000 MWe TARAPUR 2300 MWe JAITAPUR 4000-6000 MWe KOVVADA 4000 MWe NARORA 1400 MWe
- 13. Nuclear Energy inIndia Nuclear Energy in India 6 Three Stage Nuclear Power Program
- 14. Ownership Models ƒ Alloperating nuclear power plants owned & operated by NPCIL ƒ FBR under construction is owned & will be operated by BHAVINI ƒ Presently ownership is limited by law to – ¾Government of India or, ¾A Government Company NTPC as a Government Company proposes to participate in Nuclear Power Generation Current Situation in Nuclear Power Generation in India
- 15. 15 Project Execution Models ƒIndigenous nuclear power plants executed on multi-package model ƒ Plants supplied by overseas entities executed on E & P or EPC basis Current Situation in Nuclear Power Generation in India
- 16. 16 Prospective Ownership Models ProspectiveOwnership Models y y Existing DAE Corporations Existing DAE Corporations e.g., NPCIL, BHAVINI e.g., NPCIL, BHAVINI y y New Government owned New Government owned SPVs SPVs created under DAE auspices created under DAE auspices y y Non Non- -DAE Government Corporations DAE Government Corporations e.g., NTPC e.g., NTPC y y Public Public – – Private Partnerships (PPP) Private Partnerships (PPP) y y Private Ownership Private Ownership Domestic / Overseas / JV Domestic / Overseas / JV Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
- 17. 17 Potential Opportunities forOverseas Potential Opportunities for Overseas Corporates Corporates y y As E&P Contractor As E&P Contractor ¾ ¾ Nuclear Island Nuclear Island ¾ ¾ Power Island Power Island ¾ ¾ Entire Power Plant Entire Power Plant y y As EPC Contractor As EPC Contractor ¾ ¾ Nuclear Island Nuclear Island ¾ ¾ Power Island Power Island ¾ ¾ Entire Power Plant Entire Power Plant y y As JV Partner in Promoter Consortium As JV Partner in Promoter Consortium y y As Principal Promoter As Principal Promoter Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
- 18. 18 Issues requiring Discussionand Resolution Issues requiring Discussion and Resolution y y Amendment to Atomic Energy Act Amendment to Atomic Energy Act y y Public Liability Public Liability y y Process for Promoter Selection Process for Promoter Selection ¾ ¾ Pre Pre- -qualification Criteria qualification Criteria ¾ ¾ Eligibility Criteria for Overseas Investors & Partners Eligibility Criteria for Overseas Investors & Partners ¾ ¾ Bidding and Bid Evaluation Process Bidding and Bid Evaluation Process ¾ ¾ Acceptable Technology Options Acceptable Technology Options y y Nomination of Prospective Sites Nomination of Prospective Sites y y Fuel Procurement & Supply and Pricing Fuel Procurement & Supply and Pricing Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
- 19. 19 Issues requiring Discussionand Resolution ( contd Issues requiring Discussion and Resolution ( contd. ) . ) y y Spent Fuel Management Spent Fuel Management y y Project Contracting & Execution Strategies Project Contracting & Execution Strategies y y Fiscal Incentives Fiscal Incentives y y AERB Approval Requirements and Processes AERB Approval Requirements and Processes y y Uniform and Consistent Design Basis Criteria Uniform and Consistent Design Basis Criteria y y Indigenous Content Maximization Indigenous Content Maximization y y Protection against Terrorist Attacks Protection against Terrorist Attacks Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
- 20. 20 Front End Workto be undertaken by Indian Government Front End Work to be undertaken by Indian Government y y Appointment of a Nodal Agency Appointment of a Nodal Agency y y Nomination of Potential Sites Nomination of Potential Sites ¾ ¾ Site Evaluation Studies Site Evaluation Studies ƒ ƒ Land Availability Land Availability ƒ ƒ Population & Environmental Impact Population & Environmental Impact ƒ ƒ Geo Geo- -political & Strategic Aspects political & Strategic Aspects ƒ ƒ Seismology Seismology ƒ ƒ On On- -shore and Off shore and Off- -shore Geology shore Geology ƒ ƒ Topography Topography ƒ ƒ Bathymetry Bathymetry ƒ ƒ Oceanography Oceanography ƒ ƒ Meteorology Meteorology ƒ ƒ Flood Level Data Flood Level Data ƒ ƒ Fresh Water Availability Fresh Water Availability ƒ ƒ Power Evacuation Power Evacuation ƒ ƒ Transportation & Logistics Transportation & Logistics ¾ ¾ AERB Approval AERB Approval Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
- 21. 21 y y Formation ofShell Companies Formation of Shell Companies y y Land Acquisition and Development Land Acquisition and Development y y Development of Plant Design Bases Development of Plant Design Bases y y Enunciation of Principles of PPA Enunciation of Principles of PPA y y Development of Tendering Norms & Conditions and Bid Development of Tendering Norms & Conditions and Bid- -qualification & qualification & Selection processes Selection processes Front End Work to be undertaken by Indian Government Front End Work to be undertaken by Indian Government ( contd. ) ( contd. ) Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
- 22. 22 y y Adaptation ofStandard Designs to Indian Conditions Adaptation of Standard Designs to Indian Conditions y y Evaluation of Indian Manufacturing and Construction Capabilities Evaluation of Indian Manufacturing and Construction Capabilities & Capacities & Capacities y y Firming up Scope and Details of Procurement of Equipment and Firming up Scope and Details of Procurement of Equipment and Services from India Services from India y y Basic Engineering for Site Dependent Basic Engineering for Site Dependent BoP BoP Facilities in respect of Facilities in respect of Identified Sites Identified Sites Suggested Initiatives for Overseas Suggested Initiatives for Overseas Corporates Corporates Emerging trends in Nuclear Power Generation in India
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