The document discusses for loops in programming. It explains that for loops allow code to be repeatedly executed until a condition is met. The general form of a for loop includes an initialization, condition, and increment/decrement. As an example, a program is provided that uses a for loop to print the first 10 natural numbers, with the initialization setting x to 1, the condition checking if x is less than or equal to 10, and the increment increasing x by 1 each iteration.