Medical social workers in hospital settings play several important roles: counseling patients and families on social and emotional issues related to illness, care planning by assisting with arrangements for medical care after discharge, and advocating for patients who have difficulty communicating or from different cultures. They also assess patients' mental health and situations involving abuse or addiction, assist with financial aid applications, and provide legal assistance in cases regarding childcare or appointing conservators. The social worker aims to address the social and emotional impacts of illness on patients and their support systems.