About isec Topic : listening

1. LISTENING

2. TECHNIQUES OF EFFECTIVE LISTENING:
1. Position yourself mentally
2. Make the speaker comfortable
3. Tune in to the spoken message
4. Be patient
5. Do not interrupt
6. Concentrate with effort
7. Check your temper
8. Be soft in expressing criticism
9. Appreciate and encourage
10. Ask questions

3. Listening is one of the most important skills you can have. How
well you listen has a major impact on your job effectiveness and
on the quality of your relationships with others.
To become an Active Listener, we must first
1.Pay attention
2. Show that you are listening
3.Provide feedback
4.Defer Judgement
5.Respond Appropriately

4. PREDICTING CONTENT
Depending on the context – a news
report, a university lecture, an exchange
in a supermarket – you can often predict
the kind of words and style of language
the speaker will use. Our knowledge of
the world helps us anticipate the kind of
information we are likely to hear.
When we predict the topic of a talk or a
conversation, all the related vocabulary
stored in our brains is 'activated' to help
us better understand what we're listening
to.

12. Listening for Details and Information
When you're listening to a speaker or a recording, sometimes you just want to know
some specific information or a particular detail. For example, you might be listening to a recorded
phone message for a business and all you really want to know is the hours the store will be open
tomorrow. You don't care about the rest of it. Some tests will also measure your ability to listen for
particular details or pieces of information in a passage.
Listening for details in spoken English can be pretty tough. Sometimes it can feel like the
listening passage goes by too fast or that it has too many details to keep track of all of them. Other
times, it can be hard to pick specific details out of the passage, especially when they're phrased
differently in the passage than they are in the questions. In this , you'll learn how to tackle those
problems:
•Use key words and phrases as alerts to help you find information, but don't rely only on that.
•Take bullet-point notes to help you remember everything.
•Practice rephrasing information so you won't be thrown off by different phrasing.

13. Use Key Words
If you're listening for specific information or details you can use key
words or phrases in the question to help you know what to listen for. Key
words are important words relevant to the thing you're listening for. For
example, let's say you're listening to a passage about different dog breeds.
You're listening for a specific piece of information: what breed of dog won
Best in Show at the 2017 Westminster Dog Show? Can you think of some
key words that you might listen for in the passage? Maybe you said something,
like 'Best in Show' or 'Westminster Dog Show.’
Those are key words that will alert you that you might be coming
up on the information you want, but don't rely just on that. For example, you
might be listening and hear, 'The first Best in Show award at the
Westminster Dog Show wasn't given until 1907. The lucky winner that
year was a Smooth Fox Terrier.' This passage has all your key words, but it
doesn't have the information you're looking for. This passage tells you the first
winner, not the 2017 winner, so it's not the information you want. That's why
you can't rely only on key words. Use key words to help you, but remember:
they can't think for you. (If you're wondering, the 2017 winner was a German
Shepherd.)

15. LISTENING COMPREHENSION :
LISTENING COMPREHENSION is a receptive skill,
as opposed to speaking, which is productive. But
this does not mean it is a passive skill. Much to
the contrary, listening comprehension is an
interactive process in which listeners interact with
the text, the tasks and the contex external (
situation) and internal (background knowledge) to
them

16. LISTENING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES :
INTERNAL STRATEGIES
● REPEATING : Say the information back to yourself.
● PARAPHRASING : Pick out the most important parts and rephrase it in your own
words.
● VISUALISING : Create a picture or movie in your mind.
● QUESTIONING : Ask/answer WH questions about what you hear.
● ASSOCIATION : Make connections between what you hear and what you already
know.
EXTERNAL STRATEGIES
● ELIMINATE : Distractions and background noise.
● ASK : For repetition or clarification.
● WRITE : Write down notes about what you hear.

17. PROBING
QUESTIONS

18. • QUESTIONING IS IMPORTANT IN THREE
WAYS
 To evaluate what an individual knows
 To help the individual learn the material
 To check for comprehension
1. WHY ASK QUESTIONS INSTEAD OF PROVIDING ANSWERS?
 Asking questions requires the individual to be active in learning using his/her
knowledge to solve problem.
 The individual’s answer will also provide information as to what is understood
and what needs more work.
 Strictly providing answers encourage students to become passive learners

19. WHAT ARE PROBING
QUESTIONS
EXAMPLES OF PROBING QUESTIONS
1. Why do you think this in this case?
2. What do you think would happen if..?
3. What sort of impact do you think..?
4. How did you decide…?
5. How did you determine…?
6. How did you conclude…?
7. What is the connection between….and…..?
1. Probing questions requires individuals
to elaborate in the response given to
an earlier question.
2. Such questions indicates to learner
that the original response was in the
right direction but was not adequate.
3. They are intended to help the
individual think more deeply about
the issue at hand.

20. BARRIERS TO
LISTENING
● Environmental factors
● Psychological barriers
● Language barriers
● Time pressure
● Tone of voice

21. HOW TO ELIMINATE BARRIERS TO
LISTENING
 What can you do to overcome these barriers
and become a better listener?
The first step is awareness, once you know the
different barriers that exist, you can start working
on the ways to overcome them.
The best way to avoid barriers to effective listening
is through learning and practice. It might take some
time for individuals to recognize when they allow
barriers to affect their conversations. Once they do,
some strategies can be implemented to improve it.
As listening plays a vital role, it is essential for
communication and relationships.
Listening to others point of view and understanding
it also avoids barriers to listening.