This document provides an overview of the present perfect tense in English, including its formation, uses, and time expressions. The present perfect is formed using have/has plus the past participle of the main verb. It is used to describe actions that began in the past and continue in the present, or to talk about life experiences. Common time expressions used with the present perfect include for to indicate periods of time, since to indicate specific moments in time, ever to ask about past experiences up until now, and just to refer to something that happened a short time ago. Examples are provided to illustrate the different uses.

1. PresentPerfect Form

2. UsesBeatriz Solana

3. PresentPerfectWehavelivedin thishouseforfiveyearsLucy hasn’tbeentoEdinburgbeforeHaveyouevervisitedOxford?HOW CAN WE FORMPRESENTPERFECT?

4. Subject + HAVE/ HAS+ verb in pastparticiple + complementsI havesentseveralpostcardsrecently.Affirmativeform

5. Subject + HAVE / HAS+ NOT + verb in pastparticiple + complementsHe hasn’tseena skyscraperbeforeNegativeform

6. InterrogativeformHAVE / HAS+ subject + verb in pastparticiple +complements? Haveyouboughtthe bus tickets?

7. PresentPerfect I havesentseveralpostcardsrecently He hasn’tseena skyscraperbeforeHaveyouboughtthe bus tickets? WHEN DO WE USEPRESENTPERFECT?

8. We use presentperfectto describe somethingthatstarted in thepast and continues in thepresent.Wehavelived in London forthreeyearsUse

9. Wealso use thepresentperfecttotalkaboutlifeexperiencesHe has visitedtheTower Bridge twice.Use

10. FOR + periods of timeHe has beenherefortwodays/ for 3 years/forhours…SINCE+ specificmoments in timeWehavebeenheresinceMonday/since 2002 /sinceJanuaryTime Expressions

11. EVERUsed in questionsaboutpastexperiencesmeaning “untilnow”Haveyouevertravelledbyplane?JUSTUsedforsomethingthathappened a short time agoHe has justgot off the busTime Expressions