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Strategic Planning 
• Most far-reached level 
• It is the process of determining the primary 
objectives of an organization 
• Typically undertaken by top management 
• Ex. Coming up with a plan for a firm that 
wants to raise awareness to help save our o-zone 
layer world wide, they develop a 
challenge that can be done in each school.
Tactical Planning 
• Involves implementing activities specified by 
strategic planning. 
• Middle management normally uses this form 
• Guide current and near term activities 
required to make overall strategies successful. 
• Ex. Planting trees to help rebuild the o-zone 
layer would be tactical planning
Operational Planning 
• Creates detailed standards that guide 
implementation of tactical planning. 
• Involves specific work targets 
• Not like strategic planning; deals with developing 
and implementing tactics in specific functional 
areas whereas strategic focuses on organization 
as a whole 
• Ex. Each school must plant 10 trees of at least 3 
different types of trees and each may not be 
planted in the same area.
Contingency Planning 
• Allows a business to resume operations as quickly as possible after 
a crisis while openly communicating with the public about what 
took place. 
• Involves two components: business communication and public 
communication 
• Top management primarily does this type of planning however all 
levels contribute to it. 
• Ex. Because of the overload of emails that was sent from each 
school on their daily contributions to the tree planting challenge, 
the company’s server overloaded and a large portion of data was 
lost and was unable to be retrieved. The company is now on the 
news discussing the events of what happened and in management 
meetings now coming up with a plan to retrieve the data for the 
challenge and be able to resume.

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Present 3

  • 1. Strategic Planning • Most far-reached level • It is the process of determining the primary objectives of an organization • Typically undertaken by top management • Ex. Coming up with a plan for a firm that wants to raise awareness to help save our o-zone layer world wide, they develop a challenge that can be done in each school.
  • 2. Tactical Planning • Involves implementing activities specified by strategic planning. • Middle management normally uses this form • Guide current and near term activities required to make overall strategies successful. • Ex. Planting trees to help rebuild the o-zone layer would be tactical planning
  • 3. Operational Planning • Creates detailed standards that guide implementation of tactical planning. • Involves specific work targets • Not like strategic planning; deals with developing and implementing tactics in specific functional areas whereas strategic focuses on organization as a whole • Ex. Each school must plant 10 trees of at least 3 different types of trees and each may not be planted in the same area.
  • 4. Contingency Planning • Allows a business to resume operations as quickly as possible after a crisis while openly communicating with the public about what took place. • Involves two components: business communication and public communication • Top management primarily does this type of planning however all levels contribute to it. • Ex. Because of the overload of emails that was sent from each school on their daily contributions to the tree planting challenge, the company’s server overloaded and a large portion of data was lost and was unable to be retrieved. The company is now on the news discussing the events of what happened and in management meetings now coming up with a plan to retrieve the data for the challenge and be able to resume.