1. Prehi st ori c Art
Wi l l i am V. Gani s, PhD

2. Dat i ng Convent i ons and
Abbrevi at i ons
B.C.=before Christ
B.C.E.=before the Common Era
A.D.=Anno Domini (the year of our Lord)
C.E.=Common Era
c. or ca.= circa C.=century

3. Pebble resembling a human face
from Makaspansgat South Africa
ca. 3,000,000 B.C.E.
reddish brown jasperite
approximately 2 3/8 in. wide

4. Apollo 11 Cave
Namibia
ca. 23,000 B.C.E.
charcoal on stone
5 in x 4 3/4 in.

6. Human with Feline Head
from Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany
ca. 30,000-28,000 B.C.E.
mammoth ivory
11 5/8 in. high

7. Human with Feline Head
from Hohlenstein-Stadel, Germany
ca. 30,000-28,000 B.C.E.
mammoth ivory
11 5/8 in. high

9. Venus of Willendorf
from Willendorf, Austria
ca. 28,000-25,000 B.C.E.
limestone
4 1/4 in. high

11. Woman of Lespugue
from cave of Les Rideaux, France
ca. 20,000 B.C.E.
mammoth ivory
5 3/4 in. high

12. Various European “Venus” figures

14. Woman of Laussel
from a cave in
Laussel, Dordogne, France
ca. 25,000-20,000 B.C.E.
painted limestone
approximately 18 in. high

16. Bison reliefs
from a cave at Le Tuc d’Audoubert,
Ariége, France
ca. 15,000-10,000 B.C.E.
clay
each approximately 2 feet long

19. Chauvet Cave paintings
Vallon-Pont-d’Arc, Ardèche,
France
ca. 30,000-28,000 B.C.E.
pigment on stone

21. Pech-Merle Cave paintings
Lot, France
ca. 22,000 B.C.E.
pigment on stone

23. Altamira Cave paintings
Santander, Spain
ca. 12,000-11,000 B.C.E.
pigment on stone

26. Lascaux Cave paintings
Lascaux, Dordogne, France
ca. 15,000-13,000 B.C.E.
pigment on stone

30. Mammoth bone dwelling
from Ukraine
ca. 16,000-10,000 B.C.E.

33. Great Stone Tower of Settlement
Wall
Jericho, Israel/Gaza
ca. 8,000-7,000 B.C.E.

34. Human Skulls with
Restored Features
from Jericho, Israel/Gaza
ca. 7,000-6,000 B.C.E.
skulls, plaster, shells

35. Human figure
From Ain Ghazal, Jordan
ca. 6,750-6,250 B.C.E.
plaster, painted and inlaid with
cowrie shell and bitumen

37. Çatal Höyük
Turkey
ca. 6,000-5,900 B.C.E.

38. Deer Hunt
detail of a wall painting from
Level III
Çatal Höyük, Turkey
ca. 5,750 B.C.E.

39. Çatal Höyük
Turkey
ca. 6,000-5,900 B.C.E.

40. Landscape with Volcanic Eruption
Çatal Höyük, Turkey
ca. 6150
watercolor copy of a wall painting

42. Figures of Man and Woman
From Cernavoda, Romania
ca. 4,000-3,500 B.C.E.
ceramic
4 1/2 in. high

44. Menhir alignments at Ménec,
Carnac, France
ca. 4,250-3,750 B.C.E.

45. various Menhirs
Ireland, Scotland, England, France

46. Dolmens
Ireland, Scotland, England, France

48. Stonehenge
Salisury Plain, Wiltshire, England
ca. 2,550-1,600 B.C.E.
sarsen and bluestone