Prb1 chi square testis success independent of the type of treatment

Prb1Chi-Square TestIs success independent of the type of
treatment?Data for you to use as input is in the picture to the
right:Observed FrequenciesCalculationsTotalfo-feEntering
values correctly into table: (10
points)0ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERR
OR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!E
RROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!0ERROR:#DIV
/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#
DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERRO
R:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!Access this helpful
video:Videor30ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/
0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#D
IV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!r40ERR
RROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/
0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!r50ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR
:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERR
RROR:#DIV/0!r60ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#D
IV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR
:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!r70E
IV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!r80ERROR:#DIV/0!ERR
0!ERROR:#DIV/0!r90ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR
OR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!r
100ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#
R:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!Total00000000000E
xpected FrequenciesDO NOT touch the non-blue areas of the
tables.000000000000Total(fo-

fe)^2/fe0ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERR
0!0.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000
.00000ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERRO
R:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ER
ROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!
0.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.0
000r3ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR
OR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!0
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
00r4ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:
#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERR
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00

.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
00TotalERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERR
0!DataLevel of SignificanceEntering correct alpha value (2
points)0.01Number of Rows0Number of Columns0Degrees of
Freedom1Insert final judgment and interpretation here:Results(
8 points)Critical ValueERROR:#NUM!Chi-Square Test
Statistic0.0000p-Value1.0000Do not reject the null
hypothesishttps://youtu.be/rnA8DrJ3uLQ
Prb2Chi-Square TestIs exam score independent of race?Data for
you to use as input is in the picture to the right:Observed
FrequenciesCalculationsTotalfo-feEntering values correctly into
table: (10

R:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!Total00000000000E
0!0.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000
0.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.0
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00

.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
OR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR: #DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!0
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
Prb3Chi-Square TestIs the nurse a serial killer?Data for you to
use as input is in the picture to the right:Observed
FrequenciesCalculationsTotalfo-feEntering values correctly into
table: (10

R:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/ 0!Total00000000000E
0!0.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000
0.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.0
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00

.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
OR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0!ERROR:#DIV/0 !0
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00
.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00

W9D1
1. Read pages 569 - 573. Take note of all bold-faced terms.
2. To help you organize, create a chart with “Roosevelt’s
Square Deal” at the top.
3. Make 3 columns and label them: Corporations (businesses);
Consumers (anyone who buys good, groceries or medicine),
and Conservation (environmentalists). To help you remember
the areas that TR emphasized in his policy making, just
think of the 3Cs☺. Then, fill in the columns with what you
learn.
4. Take a look at the top right corner of page 569. Did you
know that the “Teddy” bear was named for Teddy Roosevelt?
Now take a look at the Political Cartoon on page 570 and
answer the following:
1. What do you think his differing approaches to Trusts are
according to this cartoon
Read pages 574 - 575 and create a chart to compare and
contrast policies of TR and Taft. Write at least 3
different contrasts between the two presidents
● On page 575, take a look at the political cartoon and answer
the 2 Analysis questions. Do not just describe
what is there; describe what it means.
● Read pages 577-579. Pay particular attention to the terms in
bold. Also pay particular attention to the chart on page 578
which outlines the Progressive Era Legislation and
Constitutional Amendments (16-19).

W10D1
1. Read pages 588 - 591 and complete the concept web in the
attachment. If you have trouble with the
web, just make a list.
2. Read pages 592 - 595. Read through the Infographic at the
bottom of pages 594 - 595 and answer the ‘Thinking Critically’
questions on page 595.
W10D3
write at least 4 things that you learned.
https://youtu.be/n4h8kqRE29s
W10D5
Group Discussion

Group discussions are designed for you to interact with your
peers about the material you are learning in class. It is
important
that you answer the questions based on evidence from the
course and outside information. Take some time to research and
explore before composing your answers. Be sure to look
carefully at the attached rubric for group discussion
expectations.
This week's question:
● Do you think political cartoons are a useful or harmful tool?
Explain your response.
● How effective was/is yellow journalism? Do you believe this
is a fair way of reporting, why or why not?
● Where do you see examples of yellow journalism today?
Classmate’s post:
K, Close:
I think political cartoons can be both harmful and useful. They
are useful for raising awareness to political issues. They can
also be harmful if people use
them to spread political rumors or untrue facts.
Yellow journalism is when you post a side of a conflict or event
with exaggerated or showy features to get more attention from
readers. Because of this
reason Yellow journalism can be very effective. yellow
journalism can be either positive or negative depending on what
its about.
You can see many examples of yellow journalism today either
in the press or social media. People will write and post their
perspectives and struggles with
exaggerations and biased feelings which someone will most
definitely contradict in some way.
R, Anthony
I think they are a useful tool because they can be used to help

solve a problem.
I think it was effective because it showed the people's
perspective.
You see it in the news and on Facebook were people will post or
say something that they do like or don't like.
https://youtu.be/n4h8kqRE29s
W11D1-4
Day 1. The Filipino Insurrection
Read pp. 599- top of 601 to find out what happened.
Assignment: How did the war end for the Philippines? (3)
What did Congress pass to assure that the Philippines would
eventually be
independent and what did it state? (3) When and how was this
promise fulfilled? (3)
Day 4. Latin America and Diplomacy (continued)
Assignment : Read pp. 605-611
List the three presidents (Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson) and
name and describe their foreign policies. (9)

W11D3
write at least 4 things that were new to you and/or you enjoyed
The Boxer Rebellion - 8 minutes
https://youtu.be/0l4C3vZudZI
W12D1
Newspaper project, check attachment
W12D2
At the bottom of p. 628 is a chart entitled American Home Front
● Mobilization,
● Opposition,
● Social Changes
1. Skim through Section 2 to fill this chart.
2. For each section, you will have 3 things
3. List the three things in the proper column and be sure to
clearly but briefly describe each one
https://youtu.be/0l4C3vZudZI
W12D4-5
After you have viewed the videos and read the article, write
about 6 things you learned.
Video: The Harlem Hellfighters - 6 minutes master.m3u8
https://youtu.be/7A8eWsFXH5g
Article: 369th Infantry Regiment "Harlem Hellfighters" (link
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/369th-

infantry-regiment-harlem-hellfighters/ )
W12D5
Assignment:
1. Name and describe the long and short-term causes of WWI?
2. Why did Americans have divided loyalties?
3. Explain the 3 views of American entry into the war:
isolationism, interventionism, and internationalism.
Next read pp. 624-625 and 627.
1. Read through the timeline on Submarines at the bottom of p.
625
2. Answer the two Critical Thinking question.
https://aetv.global.ssl.fastly.net/i/AETN-
History_VMS/History_WWI_The_Harlem_Hellfighters_159264
_SF_rev2_S3_,18,13,10,7,4,2,1,00.mp4.csmil/master.m3u8?__b
__=700&hdnea=st=1612678663~e xp=1612689493~acl=/i/AETN
-
History_VMS/History_WWI_The_Harlem_Hellfighters_159264
_SF_rev2_S3_*~hmac=7fac5e903eb58ad88d3e3b619166051b84
1cd8a53f72fbac117a829cf7b54701
https://youtu.be/7A8eWsFXH5g
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/369th-
infantry-regiment-harlem-hellfighters/
W13D1

Answer the Critical Thinking question on p. 641. Be specific
In the box "Decision Point," answer the three 'You Decide'
questions on p. 644.
W13D2
Compare the maps above: Europe in 1914 and Europe after
WWI. These can be found in the book or online. Be observant
and take the initiative to put your comparison
skills to work.
Describe ten things:
● Describe five places on the first map that will change on the
second map
● Describe how those five places changed on the second map.
● Do not describe color changes. Describe country and
boundary changes (merges, eliminations, etc.)
W13D3
tell at least 4 things that you learned.
https://youtu.be/gKzZ1OwPXgk
W14D1
Watch the video and respond to the questions
● Who were Ford's two top priorities?
● What kind of benefits did Ford give?
● In what two important ways did Ford treat people?
https://youtu.be/gKzZ1OwPXgk
● Write four things you learned from the video below .
https://youtu.be/f5_mQpR2_Uo

W14D2
● Write three things you learned about stock buying from the
video. (https://youtu.be/xcKlxGI9l9o
● Compare the two charts
● Write about what you are seeing. Be specific.
● In your opinion, who would be hurt worse by the crash in
1929? One type of worker? Which type? or Both? Why?
Explain clearly.
● Compare cities (urban), suburbs and "the country" (rural)
areas. Which people in different areas moved? What areas did
they move to and why? Each area
differs in location and movement.
https://youtu.be/f5_mQpR2_Uo
https://youtu.be/xcKlxGI9l9o
W14D3
Assignment: take a look at two of the Republican presidents of
the twenties, Harding and Coolidge.
• Start reading from the middle of p. 667-top 669, then read
through the chart at the bottom of the page.
What are 3 ways these two presidents differ?
Review the section on the Teapot Dome Scandal carefully
before analyzing the cartoon.

• Complete the political cartoon analysis
W14D4
Group discussion
Group discussions are designed for you to interact with your
peers about the material you are learning in class. It is
important that you answer the questions based on
evidence from the course and outside information. Take some
time to research and explore before composing your answers. Be
sure to look carefully at the attached
rubric for group discussion expectations.
● What attitudes and feelings do advertising and buying on
credit bring out in people? How do these feelings line up with
the principles in God's
Word found in 1Tim 6:6, Phil. 4:11, and Heb. 13:11? What
about you, does advertising bring out the best or the worst in
you?
R. Anthony: Say on Black Friday people become so greedy with
things they don't even need I personally only get

Assignment:
Read pages 671-675.
• After reading this section, respond to the following questions:
○ What two reasons did lawmakers have for restricting
immigration in the 1920s?
○ What laws were established to make the restrictions work?
○ What group of people was exempt from these restrictions, and
what jobs did these people do?
• Carefully read through the “Comparing Viewpoints” section I
have reproduced from p. 673 and answer the 2 compare
questions:
What would be your recommendation to settle a clash between
science and religion; evolution and creation? Explain clearly.
W15D1
Assignment:

● Watch the video below, read the Info-graphic at the bottom of
pages 676-677 and read page 678, then answer the following:
○ What new groups of people did the "new" Ku Klux Klan add
to their target list? (Remember the KKK were already targeting
African Americans).
○ What are the Eighteenth Amendment and the Volstead Act?
○ Answer the two questions from the Info-graphic: What three
types of lawbreaking are illustrated? How were these three
types of lawbreaking related to
one another?
https://youtu.be/De8qmUPVx7A
● Read pages 680-682 and answer the following:
○ Why do you suppose movies appealed to so many?
○ How did radio help to standardize culture in the United
States?
○ Why do you think men such as Babe Ruth and Charles
Lindberg were heroes to Americans in the 1920's?
https://youtu.be/De8qmUPVx7A

W15D2
Daring Women of the 1920's
Flappers
● Read the Info-graphic on page 683. Read page 684 to discover
other changes women experienced during the 1920's.
● Watch the video below about the history of the flapper girl.
● Write 4 things you learned about flappers.
● What are the different messages people send by the way they
dress? act? Is the message sent always the one received by
those around?
https://youtu.be/npB9ltho-NE
Female "firsts"
● Do some research on Amelia Earhart and one other woman
from the array at the top of this page.
● Write one paragraph for each woman which
include:
○ A brief biography (2-3 sentences),
○ two of her accomplishments,
○ and one lasting influence.
https://youtu.be/npB9ltho-NE

○
○
W15D3
Assignment: Enjoy looking at the art work. Which form do you
like best? Why?
W15D3
● Watch the video below about the Harlem Renaissance. Write 6
things you learned - 3 from the first video and 3 from the
second.
● https://youtu.be/moP6isEwDW8
● https://youtu.be/8cKDOGhghMU
Rubric: video comments - 6 points poem analysis - 6 points

W17D3
After watching the five videos about the Hoover Dam and
Hoover's approach (17 minutes total), write 10 things that you
learned from watching.
1. https://youtu.be/hmc_ZItMQHc
https://youtu.be/moP6isEwDW8
https://youtu.be/8cKDOGhghMU
https://youtu.be/hmc_ZItMQHc
2. https://youtu.be/GLs3H_0yfKw
3. https://youtu.be/GCi4-Lj-3j8
4. https://youtu.be/eBLkJbloXhA
5. https://youtu.be/18dFdWe2n4s
W17D4
● Why did some men find their role in the family diminished
during the depression? Do you think the depression changed
people's goals and expectations? Why or why not?
https://youtu.be/GLs3H_0yfKw
https://youtu.be/GCi4-Lj-3j8
https://youtu.be/eBLkJbloXhA
https://youtu.be/18dFdWe2n4s
W6D1

Westward Expansion and the American Indian
Read pages 500-503 about the Indian Wars
Today's Assignment:
Respond to the following questions:
1. What is the difference between a reservation and an allotment
when explaining government accommodations for
Native Americans?
2. What were the requirements of the Dawes General Allotment
Act?
There should be three.
3. What cultural changes were Native Americans expected to
make?
W6D2
write 1-2 paragraphs on ONE of the following topics
Topics: The choices are gold, transcontinental railroad, cattle
ranchers and the 'open range' system, or
motivations of the farmer.
The following components must be included for the first
question:
● a title and a picture of your topic;
● the years your chosen topic occurred;
● specific details about who, where, how and why;
● at least three long-term effects
● Be specific and organized!!

W6D4
After watching the following videos, please write 3 things for
EACH video that you learned.
https://youtu.be/skI6DbWC0tQ
https://youtu.be/GHdW_LVfn28
W7D1
African Americans: Read pages 520 - top of 523 and answer the
following:
1. List and describe the three ways African Americans were
prevented from voting.
2. investigate the origin of the term “Jim Crow” and describe
the term
3. What was the goal of Jim Crow laws?
4. What famous court case upheld the constitutionality of Jim
Crow Laws?
5. What phrase will be used to defend the decision in this case?
6. What does the phrase mean?
7. Explain the major differences between Booker T. Washington
and W.E. B. DuBois in their background and their views
on rights and methods for African Americans. Answer this in a
solid paragraph with specific support.
Chinese: Read pages 523 - top of 524
View the following video to gain a better understanding of the
situation in the U.S. for the Chinese: click here. State 3

things you learned
https://youtu.be/amRAdnJjhSo
https://youtu.be/skI6DbWC0tQ
https://youtu.be/GHdW_LVfn28
http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/page/yick-wo-equal-
protection-clause
https://youtu.be/amRAdnJjhSo
Mexican Americans and Women: Read pages 524 - 525 and 527
and answer the following questions:
1. Why did Mexican Americans lose rights to their land?
Corruption in Politics: Read pages 529-532 and describe the
following:
1. The spoils system
2. Pendleton Civil Service Act
Problems for Farmers: Read the lesson below and pages and list
the three problems farmers faced.
Since the early 1800s, the United States has been a land divided
between agriculture and industry. The question is
which will dominate – but the truth is, each is equally needed.
As the 2nd Industrial Revolution following the Civil
War has shown, businesses made great strides and changed the
face of the US with large, booming cities and huge
corporations and developments. In the meantime, the farmer
and his needs were basically ignored.
To counter this, farmers began to organize and unite (similar to
the factory workers in the cities). A network (many

connected with the same goals) of organizations was created to
address the problems.
The goals of the Grange (organized by Oliver H. Kelley):
● Provide education on new farming techniques (to create better
production, more efficient work, etc)
● Regulate (watch over) charges for using the railroads and for
storing grain (many businessmen were charging
high rates because the government did not interfere
Victories for Grange:
● Laws that set a maximum rate for shipping on the railroads
and for storage.
● Establishment of the ICC (Interstate Commerce Commission)
– in other words – government watches over
anything that goes across state lines for the purpose of buying
and selling – usually requiring the use of
railroads
Following the decline of the Grange, Farmer’s Alliances began
to form in order to also gain help from one another
and from the US government.
Eventually, all of these alliances together formed the Populist
Party, or the People’s Party. In a country that was
only used to having two political parties, the Populist Party – a
third political party – would now split the votes
even more and put pressure on the other two parties to get more
votes.

The most important thing about a third party is that it brings
attention to particular issues – the fact that it has
formed as a party demonstrates that enough people think the
issues are important and worth fighting for, and that
the other two parties are not concerned enough.
What did the Populists want?
● Increase in money supply by minting silver as well as gold
● Graduated income tax – the rich pay more and the poor pay
less
● Government loans for farmers
● Election of US senators by popular vote
● Eight-hour workday
● Restrictions on immigration (to keep them from taking jobs of
those already in the country)
● Government ownership of railroads (so businessmen can’t
take advantage of farmers)
During the Presidential election of 1896, a man named William
Jennings Bryan ran on the Democratic ticket, but
believed in many of the Populist goals. It looked like the
Democrats and Populists might win the election. William
McKinley ran for the Republicans. As much as they hoped, the
Democrats/Populists failed to win and the
Republicans took the Presidency. The party lost “popularity” –
nice pun, huh?? And soon most of the people from
that party moved over to the Democrats.
BUT, the Populists did gain some victories as we shall see when
we get to The Progressives – a group that is all
about reform!

W7D5
Document Based Assessment
Today's Assignment: page 543 - complete the document-based
assessment.
Please work through the 3 questions after reading the documents
carefully, then write a paragraph or two in
response to the final question.
W8D1
• View the following videos and answer the following
questions:
What do these videos reveal about man's heart?
Which incidents most closely reveal that?
Did any good come from this situation? If so, what?
Is there a truth you can state from God's Word that might
address what you have written above.
1. Video: The Guilded Age and Progressive Reform - this first
video is an overview of the Progressive
reform movement and discusses Muckrakers in the first 5
minutes. That is probably all you will want to
watch. https://youtu.be/d0bwcppAGFc
2. Video: Meatpacking Jungle - this short video gives a short
insight into Upton Sinclair’s
book The Jungle. https://youtu.be/h2ppaJwQ9UM
3. Video: How the Other Half Lives - this is a photo gallery of

Jacob Riis’ famous photos from
How the Other Half Lives. https://youtu.be/UxxSV1F-sM4
Political Cartoon
Cartoon Analysis Worksheet
Before beginning your analysis, review the topic of the
cartoon(s) to refresh your memory.
1. List the objects or people you see in the cartoon. Be
observant. (3)
https://youtu.be/d0bwcppAGFc
https://www.youtube-
nocookie.com/embed/h2ppaJwQ9UM?rel=0
https://youtu.be/h2ppaJwQ9UM
https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/87SCTEsIufY?rel=0
https://youtu.be/UxxSV1F-sM4
2. Which of the objects in your list are symbols, and what do
they mean? Remember, most, if not all, symbols are
there for a reason! Don’t overlook them. (3)
3. Which words or phrases in the cartoon appear to be the most
significant? What do they mean? (4)
4. Explain the overall message of the cartoon. Be specific. (4)
5. What groups living during that time would agree with the
cartoon’s message? Why? (2)
6. What groups living during that time would disagree with the

Total: 18 points
w3d3
Please be sure to follow rubric!
Please look at pages 420 and 530 before doing these cartoons. If
you remember from my video what a
caricature is, then you should be able to some in these cartoons.
Before beginning these cartoons, be sure you understand the
difference between Tammany Hall and
"Boss" Tweed!
Rubric:
W4d1
Complete the following activities:

● Read pages 450-451 to see the conditions the laborers
endured.
● Describe four conditions laborers endured on a daily basis.
● Write a short paragraph which includes the who, what, when,
where and why of one of the strikes you'll find
listed in the Quick Study chart by doing a little research outside
of the text.
● Answer the following question in a few complete sentences:
○ How did the two major unions described in the text - The
Knights of Labor and the AFL - differ in their
goals? Be Specific
To summarize, along with your readings today, you will be
describing 4 conditions, writing a short
paragraph and answering a question.
W5d1
Assignment:
1. Read pp. 464-467 to gain a better understanding of the arrival
of immigrants to the US.
2. Then read pp. 467-469 to understand both the opportunities
and challenges that lie ahead for these groups.
As you think through these contrasts, apply your thoughts to the
larger view - God's perspective.

My first thought is Revelation 7:9-10,
"After this I looked, and behold, a great multitude that no one
could number, from every nation, from all tribes and
peoples and languages, standing before the throne and before
the Lamb, clothed in white robes, with palm
branches in their hands, and crying out with a loud voice,
'Salvation belongs to our God who sits on the throne, and
to the Lamb!'"
3. What do the responses by Americans toward immigrants
reveal about mankind?
4. What is God's perspective of the situation described above,
and who will be gathered around His
throne?
W5d2
Political Cartoon Analysis

Please be sure to check the rubric! (same as w3d3
Today you will be analyzing a political cartoon. See below for
the Worksheet
Immigrant Cartoon
Turn to the political cartoon on page 468 or see below. Follow
the grading rubric to analyze this cartoon.
Before beginning your analysis, review the topic of the
cartoon(s) to refresh your memory.
1. List the objects or people you see in the cartoon. Be
observant. (3)
2. Which of the objects in your list are symbols, and what do
they mean? Remember, most, if not all, symbols are there for a
reason! Don’t overlook them. (3)
3. Which words or phrases in the cartoon appear to be the most
significant? What do they mean? (4)

4. Explain the overall message of the cartoon. Be specific. (4)
5. What groups living during that time would agree with the
6. What groups living during that time would disagree with the
Total: 18 points
Make an immigrant quiz
Pretend you are me and write a short quiz based on what you are
reading this week about immigrants.
You should have at least 10 questions, but you may have more.
Please DO NOT ask "trick" or obscure questions, questions
about percentages or the number of something. Remember to
ask, "What would I want to see on a quiz.
Please include the answer key.
Pretend the quiz is for your classmates not me.
Make the quiz neat and organized!!

W5D3-4
Video Comments
Watch the 3 videos below for a deeper understanding of this
week's topics. Following the viewing, please write 2
things from each video that was new to you and/or you enjoyed.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZord0btVkc
https://youtu.be/_I7TtXDH6kQ
https://youtu.be/14JugKYgG9w
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZord0btVkc
https://youtu.be/_I7TtXDH6kQ
https://youtu.be/14JugKYgG9w
View the video below. Following the viewing, please write
about at least 8 things that you learned.
https://youtu.be/WJvN0zpJxLo
https://youtu.be/WJvN0zpJxLo
Student Directions:
1. Please go to ‘file’ and then click ‘make a copy’.
2. Add your Last Name, First name to your personal ‘copy’ of
the chart below.
3. Save your copy in a safe place in Google Drive.
4. You will turn it in later in the semester, as you gather
information. The first event is provided for you.

History of African-Americans in the U.S.
Title of the event
Year/range of the event
Short, specific description
Specific leaders or group directly involved
Specific reference of progress or setback (amendment passed,
the Supreme Court decision made, the organization formed, etc.
In your opinion was this event positive or negative? Why or
why not? Specific support must be included here.
African Americans receive the right to vote

Ongoing assignment details:
As you go through the semester, you will submit the document
when assigned, adding new events.
At the end of the course submit your assignment as
· a well-organized, creative Power Point or
· an organized paper with subtitles for each event (which
include all parts of the chart used this semester).
· You are not permitted to hand in the chart only
Choose specific, descriptive events/changes directly about the
African-American community in the U.S. Do not include
general events that involve all Americans (wars, depression,
natural disasters or other general choices).
· Semester A project will only cover Reconstruction to 1930
The following is a review of the Rubric requirements:
Be sure to check the rubric!
• The assignment may be in the form of a Timeline, or a written
account.
• The assignment must include the following components:
The assignment must include at least 10 events and all of the
following components:
Brief, clear title of all events (10)
Year range or specific date for all entries (10)
Description of the event (20)

Particular people/leaders involved (10)
Specific reference to any particular progress or setback
(amendment/Supreme Court decision/organization formed, or
general description, etc.) (20)
Judgment by student whether this was a positive or negative
event (10)
Demonstration of effort and excellence
Well edited with minimal errors (5)
All pictures or sources must be referenced.
Projects must have sources.
• Total Points: 85
* Again, please stay within the eras from Reconstruction to The
Great Depression.
Ongoing assignment: content covered in each entry/unit (total
10 events
W2D5: review of civil war and beginning of reconstruction - 1
event
W6D4: Native americans and the west - 1 event
W8D2: progressive era - 2 events
W10D3: America becomes a world power - 2 events
W12D4: WWI, America’s entry and the home front - 2 events
W15D4: Early Months of the great depression - 2 events
Please return the chart in pdf, and use MLA format for all
references
TITLE OF THE PAPER 1
21
Report on Geriatrics

Professor of Course
First name, middle initial(s), last name. Omit all professional
titles and/or degrees (e.g. Dr., Rev., PhD, MA).
Joseph A. Snider
DeVoe School of Business, Indiana Wesleyan University
Author Note

2
A paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the degree of Masters of Business Administration.
Table of Contents
Report on Geriatrics 3
Project Background 3
Purpose of the Study 3
Context of the Problem, Challenge Opportunity, or Issue 3
Objectives of the Study 3
Limitations of the Study 4
Assumptions of the Study 4
Significance of the Study 4
Goals of the Study 4
Significance of the Topic to the Writer 4
Significance of the Topic to Stakeholders 5
Industry implications 5
Global implications 5
Information and Literature Review 6
Brief Summary of the Literature on the Subject 6
Systematic Review of the Literature 7
Descriptive Statistics 8
Descriptive Graphs 9
Project Analysis 14
Analysis of the Literature Review Research Findings 14
Simple Linear Regression Analysis 14
Single Sample Hypothesis Test of the Mean 14
Chi-Square Analysis of Age and Principal Payer 16
Project Summary 17

Conclusions 17
Specific Recommendations 17
Suggestions for Future Research 17
References 18
Appendix A 19
Data Set 19
Appendix B 22
Pictures of Analysis 22
Report on Geriatrics 3
Project Background 3
Purpose of the Study 3
Context of the Problem, Challenge Opportunity, or Issue 3
Objectives of the Study 3
Limitations of the Study 4
Assumptions of the Study 4
Significance of the Study 4
Goals of the Study 4
Significance of the Topic to the Writer 4
Significance of the Topic to Stakeholders 5
Broader Implications of the Topic 5
INFORMATION and LITERATURE REVIEW 6
Brief Summary of the Literature on the Subject 6
Systematic Review of the Literature 7
Descriptive Statistics 7
Descriptive Graphs 9
Project Analysis 13
Analysis of the Literature Review Research Findings 13
Simple Linear Regression Analysis 13
Single Sample Hypothesis Test of the Mean 14

Chi-Square Analysis of Age and Principal Payer 15
Project Summary 16
Conclusions 16
Specific Recommendations 16
Suggestions for Future Research 16
Ethical Considerations 17
References 18
Appendix A 19
Data Set 19
Appendix B 22
Pictures of Analysis 22
Report on Geriatrics Comment by Wise, Jay: The APA 7th
Edition Publication Manual’s sample professional and student
papers both include at least one paragraph that serves as an
introduction. APA does not use the word Introduction as a
heading. Based on the headings used here, I would expect to
read a short introduction that outlines the paper’s major topics
and prepares me for the kinds of information I will interact with
in the paper.
Additionally, the Author Note includes the phrase “in partial
fulfillment,” which I commonly see on theses or dissertations.
This leads me to expect an Abstract. Comment by Snider,
Joseph: Took out author note to not be confusing Comment by
Snider, Joseph: As far as introduction, the purpose and
objectives go over that cost analysis is being done on the
medical data. I added more details on the analysis done in the
objectives section.Project BackgroundPurpose of the Study
Context of the Problem, Challenge Opportunity, or Issue
Researchers Chandra, Kumar, and Ghildayal (2011) predict
the future of healthcare costs and its impact on health
insurance:
Healthcare is currently a major fiscal problem. If this trend

continues to 2010 and beyond then corporation managers will
stop offering healthcare (some already have) to employees, or
they will keep passing along premium increases to employees as
many currently do. (p. 315)
The cost of inpatient hospital care is under scrutiny by patients,
insurance providers, even government officials. With costs
continuing to skyrocket, it is more important than ever to
understand the relationships between an inpatient hospital stay
and the costs associated the patient care. “The effective
management of hospitals is an increasingly political and social
issue as demographic trends in the USA indicate that the issues
associated with better hospital management will only become
increasingly important as the domestic population continues to
age” (Stock & McDermott, 2011, p. 142).
Objectives of the Study
Raw data collected in the hospital setting was analyzed,
allowing the data to be described in terms of statistics and
explored visually through graphs. Hypothetical statements and
claims are also tested using the sample data. The analysis
represented here is simple linear regression to determine if a
relationship exists between two numeric variables, a one sample
test of a particular value of the mean, and a chi-square
independence test on a summary table made of 2 categories and
counts.
Limitations of the Study
Geriatric is defined as “a branch of medicine that deals with
the problems and diseases of old age and aging people”
(Merriam-Webster, n.d.). In the dataset from Freedom Hospital
Geriatric Patients, there appear to be anomalies. Once the
dataset is sorted, 12 patients do not fit the geriatric definition.
If the dataset is a sample of all patients in the hospital and not
specifically geriatric patients, the information should be noted
on the description for the dataset. The data also included a
patient who was not identified as either male or female.

Assumptions of the Study
It is assumed that the data in the spreadsheet used in the
analysis for this report was honest and truthful. It is assumed
that any blank information provided is not due to privacy
concerns. It is assumed that no private identifying information
was collected.Significance of the Study
Goals of the Study
Goals of this study are to analyze age, charges, gender,
length of stay, principalpayer in terms of central tendency and
variation, and specific visual explorations and hypothesis tests
on the data. After performing this analysis, the interpretations
and judgments allow for business decisions to be made. For
instance, based on the typical length of stay, a business can
strive to lower that value and look for ways to improve evidence
of outcomes.
Significance of the Topic to the Writer
The significance to this writer is personally having friends
and family in age greater than 50 years and in a hospital setting.
It would be advantageous to anyone who cares about loved ones
and friends to attain care that is efficient and effective.
Measuring for the purpose of improvement is therefore of
significance to this writer.
Significance of the Topic to Stakeholders
In this context, stakeholders could be patients, payers, and
the government. All three would be interested in the results of a
medical study on people over 50 years of age. Patients would be
informed of cost trends. Payers would know the breakdown of
the study by percentage by various payers. The government
would benefit from research to know how to legislate.
The lack of efficiency and effectiveness results in political
consequences. If people spend all their money in retirement on
medical bills, that can translate into votes for candidates that

specialize in healthcare legislation. In current times, the merits
and costs of Medicare for all is being hotly debated.
Broader Implications of the Topic
Industry implications. Comment by Wise, Jay: Format Level
4 APA Headings using Title Case, i.e. Industry Implications.
See Table 2.3 on page 48 of the APA Publication Manual, 7th
Edition. Comment by Snider, Joseph: You fixed it
The purpose of the hospital industry as a whole is to treat
patients with utmost care and concern, while not bankrupting
the patient in the process. Health care costs have been a
significant part of employee benefit packages, and the costs
have been going up faster than inflation and certainly faster
than wages.
Global implications. Comment by Wise, Jay: Format Level
4 APA Headings using Title Case, i.e. Industry Implications.
See Table 2.3 on page 48 of the APA Publication Manual, 7th
Edition. Comment by Snider, Joseph: You fixed it.
Ways of paying for medical care differs worldwide. Which is
the correct option for a country? The facts should drive the
decisions for any given country. Since no one-size-fits-all
solution exists, analysis should include data from many
countries. Research should be funded, used to make decisions,
and considered important due to the cost
ramifications.Information and Literature ReviewBrief Summary
of the Literature on the Subject
According to author Russ Richmond (2013),
Rising costs are at the heart of the cost challenges that are
prevalent in health care. Healthcare reform was designed, in
part to help alleviate this persistent cost problem, but much
work still needs to be done to fully understand the true costs of
health care. (p. 90)

This section will analyze the costs associated with an inpatient
hospital stay. The total charges, along with the individual
department charges, will be analyzed.
Hospitals estimate in different ways the costs involved in
an inpatient stay. According to Richmond (2013), ratios of costs
to charges is one of the ways a hospital can estimate patient
costs. Richmond discusses the use of ratios and highlights how
the use of ratios can cause hospitals to overestimate the
profitability of specific services, such as orthopedic procedures.
In the article, the author shares a four-step process for hospitals
to use to better estimate patient costs. The process takes time
and the ability to utilize analytical data to better project costs.
Using data can help a hospital determine whether a physician is
efficiently using resources, which directly impacts the cost of
care to the patient. Comment by Wise, Jay [2]: You may want
to decide whether or not to require a page number or location
information in any work cited in a graduate level paper. For
example, DOL students must include page or paragraph numbers
or section information to help readers locate quoted or
paraphrased information easily.
The Publication Manual includes this quotation on page 269:
“Although it is not required to provide a page or paragraph
number in the citation for a paraphrase, you may include one in
addition to the author and year when it would help interested
readers locate the relevant passage within a long or complex
work (e.g., a book).” Comment by Snider, Joseph: Page
numbers or sections not added here but if a direct quote it
would be.
Systematic Review of the LiteratureSummary and Relevance of
the Literature to the Problem or Questions. The research
involves 1387 patients at a geriatric hospital. The gender and
principal payer are categorical, with values having text values.
The age, length of stay, and total charges are numeric variables
and can be used for hypothesis testing and regression
scatterplots.

The analysis being proposed is one of looking at length of stay
and charges. The impact of gender is also being analyzed. As
discussed earlier, health care costs are high and growing, which
makes measuring and analyzing data essential to improving
efficiency and effectiveness.
Thematic Findings in Literature as Applied to the Topic. Costs
for health care are high and continually increasing. Reducing
costs while maintaining quality is important and should be
balanced. Monitoring length of stay is important in order to
minimize it.
Key Definitions. Length of stay (LOS) is a key measure, and
bed census is affected when LOS is not managed effectively.
Ethical Ethical Consideration from the Literature Review.
Gathering data involves a lot of work to capture, clean, and
store the data in a usable format. People are often overcharged
for services. Many people have experienced this on a personal
level; Ppaying even 20% of the service charges can affect a
household. Deciding what services to provide and at what cost
can be an ethical dilemma for healthcare offices to resolve. Do
providers pay for new equipment knowing that care would
improve but so would costs to patients?
When dealing with the health of people, ethical guidelines
for human being research have to be enforced. Research must be
voluntary, and data must be de-identified for privacy concerns.
Large sample sizes would help to add credibility to the results.
Descriptive Statistics
This section will analyze the following questions:
· What is the breakdown by age of males and females?
· Do men or women spend more time (length in days) in the
hospital?
· Do men or women pay more for their stay in the hospital?
· Do men and women use the same principal payers?Table 1
Types of Variables in the Data Set
Variable
Variable Type
Length of Stay in Days

Numerical, Discrete, Ratio Scale
Patient Age
Numerical, Discrete, Ratio Scale
Sex
Categorical, Nominal Scale
Variable
Variable Type
Principal Payer
Categorical, Nominal Scale
Total Charges During Hospital Stay
Numerical, Continuous, Ratio Scale
To describe the raw data, our attention turns to some statistics
related to the variables being used in the research (Length of
Stay in Days, Patient Age, Sex, and Principal Payer). The
following table (Table 2) presents the descriptive statistics on
the variables being researched. The sample size (N=138) was
used to calculate the summary information in Table 2.
Table 2 Comment by Wise, Jay: Consider including a Table
note to remind the reader of the population, N = 137. Also, this
table should use accepted abbreviations for statistical measures
like the Mean, Median, and Standard Deviation. See the Sample
Tables on ages 210-224 of the APA Publication Manual for
guidance.
You can find additional guidance in Table 6.5 Statistical
Abbreviations and Symbols on pages 183-186.
Last, I recommend reviewing the information on pages 181-188,
Statistical and Mathematical Copy, in case you need to make
any changes to the narrative (text) explanations. Comment by
Snider, Joseph: N=138 provided in a new sentence.
Descriptive Statistics
Gender

Mean
Median
Standard
Deviation
Length of Stay in Days
M
4.92
5
2.31
F
5.31
5
2.39
Patient Age
M
78.1
80
8.94
F
77.6
78.5
9.38
Total Charges during Hospital Stay
M
8978.08
8907
885
F
8789.93
8794
729
Table 2 shows that the mean length of stay in days for

women is slightly higher. Patient age has a mean of 77.6–78.1
for females and males. The minimum amount of time spent in
the hospital was zero days up to the maximum of 12 days.
“Prior research has shown that ALOS [average length of stay] is
related to cost, efficiency, quality of care, and speed in service
delivery (Ashby et al., 2000; Glick et al., 2003; Thomas et al.,
1997; Burns et al., 1994)” (as cited in Stock & McDermott,
2011, p. 144).
Total charges average $8,978.08 for men and $8,789.93 for
women, which is slightly lower. The standard deviation for
length of stay is 2.31 days for men and 2.39 days for women.
The standard deviation for age is about one eighth of the mean
for both men and women, and total charges about one tenth for
men and a little less for women. There is not a big difference in
variation between men and women.
Descriptive Graphs
Figure 1 Comment by Wise, Jay: Consider including a Figure
note to give essential information. The APA Manual has
excellent sample figures on pages 234-250. There is a Sample
Bar Graph on page 234 that may be helpful.
These comments apply to all figures included in this paper.
Comment by Snider, Joseph: All charts in the paper have a
Figure heading now.
Length of Stay by Gender
Figure 1 shows that the shape of the column charts is similar for
men and women, but more females than males stay seven to
eight days, and fewer women than men stay one to two days.
Both distributions are heavily loaded towards the front,
indicating right skewness. The majority of the values are eight
days or less for length of stay.
Figure 2
Age by Gender

Figure 2 shows that the shape of the column charts is similar for
men and women, with only a slight difference of being higher
for females. Both distributions are heavily loaded towards the
higher end, indicating left skewness. The majority of the age
values are 60 and up, which is expected for a geriatric hospital
study set of data.
Figure 3
Total Charges by Gender
Figure 3 shows that the shape of the column charts is simi lar for
men and women, with some charges for males existing in the
$8,500 to $11,000 range. Both distributions are heavily loaded
towards the lower end, indicating right skew.. The majority of
the charges are $1,000 to $11,000. Comment by Wise, Jay [2]:
Note the two periods at the end of this sentence. Remind
students to use both Grammarly and Word’s Spelling &
Grammar check tool.
Figure 4 Comment by Wise, Jay [2]: Figure 4 needs a figure
note and explanation for each acronym. Comment by Snider,
Joseph: Added acronym definitions under the chart.
Primary Payer Percentages
Figure 4 shows various payer types (OGVT=Other Government
Program, BC=Blue Cross, CAID=Medicaid, CARE=Medicare,
HMO=Health Maintenance Organization, INS=Private
Insurance, OTHR=Other Form of Payment, SELF=Private Pay),
and that most of the payments for all patients are through
Medicare, which is expected since people over 60 become
eligible for those benefits as the patients age. Medicaid and
Blue Cross are the other percentages that make up the largest

portion of the payments. Table 3 below shows there is not much
difference between genders on which payers are used other than
self, insurance, and HMO.
Table 3 Comment by Wise, Jay [2]: Table 3 should have an
accompanying table note that explains each acronym, too.
Comment by Snider, Joseph: Added the appropriate
acronym definitions under the table.
Count of Primary Payers by Gender
Gender
BC
CAID
CARE
HMO
INS
OGVT
OTHR
SELF
Grand Total
F
13
3
31
9
1
1
16
74
M
3
22
16
15
8

64
Grand Total
16
25
47
9
16
1
8
16
138
The payer types are(OGVT=Other Government Program,
BC=Blue Cross, CAID=Medicaid, CARE=Medicare,
HMO=Health Maintenance Organization, INS=Private
Insurance, OTHR=Other Form of Payment, SELF=Private Pay).
Project AnalysisAnalysis of the Literature Review Research
Findings
Simple Linear Regression Analysis
Is there a correlation between drug charges and age? This
question will be answered using simple linear regression.
Figure 5
Scatterplot of Drug Charges Based on Age
Figure 5 shows a slightly downupward slope, calculated to
be -3.8068, and a relationship strength measured by R2 r-
squared is= .0064. The plot points on the scatterplot look
random, and the R2 r-squared =value of .0064 is extremely
low. This means there is almost no relationship or correlation
between drug charges and age. Comment by Wise, Jay [2]: See
the comment above with page numbers for statistical copy.
Review APA Style guidelines for narrative (written) statistical
data. Comment by Snider, Joseph: R square is now R with

superscript of 2.
Single Sample Hypothesis Test of the Mean
The research claim that will be answered using one sample
hypothesis testing is that the population mean for total charges
is $10,000.
Table 4 Comment by Wise, Jay [2]: Review the Publication
Manual’s Table Examples for statistical copy. For example,
Table 7.8 on page 214 provides sample results for multiple t
tests. Table 7.13 provides a sample Analysis of Variance
(ANOVA) table. These tables may reflect APA Style more
accurately than Table 4. Comment by Snider, Joseph: The
tables are a screen shot of the actual templates provided for the
student to perform the analysis. No change could be made here
due to that.
Hypothesis Test Using a t Test for the Mean
The hypothesis analysis in Table 4 shows the sample input
values of:
· The hypothesis value of $10,000 for the mean of total charges
· The sample mean of $8,882.64
· The sample standard deviation of $812.26
· The sample size Nof = 138
It also shows the lower critical values of -1.9774 and +1.9774,
and a t =test statistic of 16.1599. There are two methods for
making a judgment. The first is when the critical value method
compares the t test statistic against the lower and upper critical
values. If outside those values, the null hypothesis is rejected.
The second method is based on the p-value; if it is lower than
the level of significance of .05, the null hypothesis is rejected.
Chi-Square Analysis of Age and Principal Payer
Are age and principal payer independent of each other? This
question will be answered using chi-square testing.
Table 5 Comment by Wise, Jay [2]: Table 7.7 on page 214
gives a Sample Chi-Square Analysis Table. Comment by

Snider, Joseph: Table is an example of a screen shot of the
actual tool used – anything else would not be correct.
Chi-Square Test of Age and Gender (Independence Test)
Table 5 shows a chi-square analysis of age versus gender
for a test of independence. The null hypothesis is that the
variables are independent. The alternate hypothesis is that the
variables are dependent. The level of significance is .05, and the
p-value is .9255. Since the p-value is higher than the level of
significance, the null hypothesis is not rejected. The other way
to determine judgment is to compare the chi-square test statistic
of .0087 to the critical value of 3.8415; the chi-square value
would have to be greater than the critical value to reject the null
hypothesis. Hence, the null hypothesis that the age and gender
are independent is not rejected.Project SummaryConclusions
The cost of an inpatient hospital stay is expensive. The charges
a patient accumulates during their hospital stay increases each
day they remain in care. There is no correlation between the age
and drug charges of the patients in the hospital. The age and
gender were also determined to be statistically independent
variables.Specific Recommendations
A Pareto analysis would be useful to determine major
factors of cost. Is it rampant law suits? Is it poor preventive
health? Are repeat visits common? One recommendation is to
collect different types of data to facilitate this type of defect
research. Another recommendation is to add highly qualified
nursing staff’s comments into a qualitative report.Suggestions
for Future Research
Research by state and in other countries is warranted since the
impacts can be on personal, company, and political finances.
Additionally, gathering more information on each patient, like
eating habits, blood pressure, diabetes history, medications, and
income level, could add greatly to the analysis and subsequent
decision making.Ethical Considerations
When dealing with the health of people, ethical guidelines
for human being research have to be enforced. Research must be

voluntary, and data must be de-identified for privacy concerns.
Large sample sizes would help to add credibility to the results.
References
Chandra, C., Kumar, S., & Ghildayal, N. S. (2011). Hospital
cost structure in the USA: What’s behind the costs? A business
case. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance,
24(4), 314–28. https://doi.org/10.1108/09526861111125624
Comment by Wise, Jay [2]: I changed the DOI format to
reflect APA 7th Edition preferences. See the table on page 316
of the Publication Manual. Comment by Snider, Joseph: You
fixed it.
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.) Geriatrics. In Merriam-Webster.com
dictionary. Retrieved date, February 24, 2016, from
http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/geriatric
Richmond, R. (2013, March). A better approach to cost
estimation. Healthcare Financial Management: Journal of the
Healthcare Financial Management Association, 67(3), 86–90.
http://0-
search.proquest.com.oak.indwes.edu/docview/1426765943
Stock, G. N., & McDermott, C. (2011, May 24). Operational and
contextual drivers of hospital costs. Journal of Health
Organization and Management, 25(2), 142–58.
https://doi.org/10.1108/14777261111134392
Appendix A Data Set Comment by Wise, Jay [2]: Consider
formatting this data set similarly to Table 7.2 Sample
Demographics Characteristic Table, page 210 of the 7th Edition

APA Publication Manual.
Also note the label error: Total Chges vs. Total Charges
Comment by Snider, Joseph: This matches the spreadsheet
provided which has Chges vs Charges spelled out.
Table 6
Raw Data Set of Patients and Costs
LOS
Age
Sex
Principal Payer
Total Chges
Drug Charges
Lab Charges
3
78
F
CARE
$ 5,418.85
$ 68.70
$ 273.50
3
74
F
CARE
$ 4,575.10
$ 58.65
$ 439.50
11
89
M
CARE
$ 12,031.18
$ 230.28
$ 816.50
3

81
M
CARE
$ 3,617.84
$ 142.89
$ 387.00
9
87
F
CARE
$ 12,806.88
$ 889.23
$ 795.50
3
65
CARE
$ 5,295.55
$ 102.50
$ 837.00
3
90
M
CARE
$ 3,453.21
$ 122.15
$ 323.00
3
61
M
BC
$ 1,760.03
$ 161.18
$ 35.00
3
90

F
CARE
$ 3,290.40
$ 235.65
$ 243.00
5
78
M
CARE
$ 6,253.65
$ 103.05
$ 487.50
3
78
F
CARE
$ 3,896.16
$ 229.06
$ 222.00
2
71
M
CARE
$ 1,795.35
$ 52.05
$ 58.00
3
76
M
CARE
$ 9,265.17
$ 211.37
$1,626.50
3
76
F

CARE
$ 3,282.90
$ 298.40
$ 381.50
5
79
F
CARE
$ 9,565.83
$ 477.03
$ 974.00
3
72
M
CARE
$ 3,782.15
$ 166.85
$ 345.00
4
72
M
CARE
$ 6,384.28
$ 342.98
$ 644.85
3
64
M
CARE
$ 4,904.25
$ 208.65
$ 768.00
2
72
F
CARE

$ 4,169.92
$ 545.15
$ 375.50
3
69
F
CARE
$ 5,204.41
$ 510.01
$ 870.50
4
63
M
HMO
$ 6,740.00
$ 480.20
$1,091.50
1
78
M
CARE
$ 5,016.44
$ 401.44
$ 630.00
2
83
M
CARE
$ 4,178.94
$ 604.49
$ 433.50
3
62
F
OTHR
$ 4,105.26

$ 90.46
$ 222.00
4
71
M
CARE
$ 4,717.30
$ 120.90
$ 496.00
6
83
F
CARE
$ 6,598.92
$ 380.17
$ 386.00
2
63
F
OTHR
$ 1,633.85
$ 20.85
$ 207.00
1
83
M
CARE
$ 2,200.85
$ 21.00
$ 176.00
4
76
F
CARE
$ 7,461.54
$ 508.34

$1,082.50
5
79
M
CARE
$ 11,413.23
$ 1,149.88
$1,335.50
3
65
M
CARE
$ 5,607.55
$ 230.50
$ 969.35
2
79
M
CARE
$ 4,850.62
$ 172.52
$ 867.00
4
74
M
CARE
$ 7,102.49
$ 259.09
$ 881.00
15
63
M
OGVT
$ 13,615.69
$ 438.84
$1,930.00

3
84
M
CARE
$ 5,069.18
$ 282.90
$ 476.50
6
90
F
CARE
$ 6,536.07
$ 122.85
$ 651.00
4
73
F
CARE
$ 7,401.25
$ 216.90
$ 971.50
2
81
M
CARE
$ 3,744.34
$ 176.24
$ 394.00
5
75
F
CARE
$ 8,653.68
$ 246.63
$ 859.00
9

87
F
CARE
$ 14,423.21
$ 527.63
$2,138.00
3
70
M
CARE
$ 3,742.30
$ 112.95
$ 396.50
3
73
F
CARE
$ 5,514.09
$ 368.34
$ 874.50
5
77
M
CARE
$ 7,390.15
$ 331.25
$ 696.00
5
71
M
CARE
$ 9,358.20
$ 491.35
$1,223.50
7
76

M
CARE
$ 14,570.29
$ 286.74
$1,090.00
4
49
F
CAID
$ 4,526.43
$ 203.98
$ 378.50
6
78
F
CARE
$ 6,846.77
$ 162.57
$ 657.50
2
86
M
CARE
$ 2,927.62
$ 145.42
$ 606.50
3
67
M
CARE
$ 4,404.13
$ 161.78
$ 630.00
6
69
M

CARE
$ 8,056.36
$ 331.66
$ 642.00
8
73
F
CARE
$ 10,703.34
$ 618.64
$1,297.50
4
88
F
CARE
$ 16,458.95
$ 813.55
$1,050.50
5
67
M
INS
$ 4,770.10
$ 236.30
$ 747.00
8
69
M
CARE
$ 15,282.57
$ 1,704.77
$1,860.00
7
77
M
CARE

$ 10,105.30
$ 597.30
$1,251.00
8
64
F
CAID
$ 7,871.29
$ 606.64
$ 550.00
3
76
M
CARE
$ 3,411.10
$ 124.70
$ 356.50
12
64
F
CAID
$ 10,962.17
$ 712.67
$ 697.00
2
41
M
SELF
$ 7,374.27
$ 361.47
$ 600.50
5
49
M
CAID
$ 7,788.51

$ 478.85
$ 610.00
5
59
M
BC
$ 8,191.10
$ 661.65
$ 800.00
3
81
M
CARE
$ 11,117.35
$ 142.35
$ 318.00
2
74
F
CARE
$ 5,624.54
$ 149.69
$ 542.00
4
77
F
CARE
$ 4,574.92
$ 159.82
$ 186.50
3
78
F
CARE
$ 3,644.36
$ 126.46

$ 220.50
2
73
F
CARE
$ 2,937.92
$ 50.67
$ 268.00
6
67
M
INS
$ 3,944.78
$ 602.98
$ 462.00
3
80
M
CARE
$ 6,366.10
$ 169.15
$1,130.00
3
77
F
CARE
$ 4,992.01
$ 148.66
$ 569.50
4
73
F
CARE
$ 6,929.35
$ 679.25
$1,286.50

5
67
M
CARE
$ 5,595.42
$ 582.56
$ 714.00
3
86
M
CARE
$ 3,466.70
$ 78.15
$ 408.50
7
82
F
CARE
$ 7,289.77
$ 162.77
$ 821.50
7
84
F
CARE
$ 6,375.95
$ 275.30
$1,692.50
3
73
F
BC
$ 3,585.62
$ 276.29
$ 578.00
4

82
M
CARE
$ 5,970.45
$ 156.45
$ 711.50
8
62
F
CARE
$ 10,578.14
$ 696.94
$1,329.35
2
84
M
CARE
$ 2,223.60
$ 36.25
$ 229.00
3
89
F
CARE
$ 2,250.50
$ 182.70
$ 205.50
1
84
M
CARE
$ 1,644.55
$ 19.40
$ 142.00
4
81

F
CARE
$ 2,491.45
$ 84.45
$ 114.00
3
81
F
CARE
$ 1,691.50
$ 10.45
$ 114.00
6
78
M
CARE
$ 7,931.92
$ 746.06
$ 707.00
5
84
F
CARE
$ 5,121.97
$ 479.99
$ 981.35
5
37
M
BC
$ 6,940.75
$ 768.55
$1,791.50
7
62
M

BC
$ 12,088.08
$ 592.43
$ 971.80
1
80
F
CARE
$ 2,325.60
$ 101.50
$ 440.50
2
80
F
CARE
$ 4,452.78
$ 160.38
$ 276.50
4
73
M
CARE
$ 6,157.43
$ 193.61
$ 540.50
11
80
F
CARE
$ 21,474.90
$ 1,420.14
$2,302.00
3
80
F
CARE

$ 8,566.51
$ 446.11
$1,393.50
2
80
F
CARE
$ 4,910.27
$ 307.97
$ 707.00
1
81
F
CARE
$ 3,275.03
$ 152.28
$ 414.50
4
39
M
CAID
$ 12,080.81
$ 708.40
$ 971.50
6
86
M
CARE
$ 7,436.85
$ 242.70
$ 700.50
8
79
M
CARE
$ 15,624.20

$ 462.40
$2,372.00
4
87
M
CARE
$ 4,590.48
$ 414.40
$ 966.00
2
53
F
CARE
$ 3,232.63
$ 200.90
$ 320.00
3
83
F
CARE
$ 3,768.11
$ 216.01
$ 312.50
7
80
F
CARE
$ 9,862.26
$ 432.36
$1,504.00
7
79
F
CARE
$ 10,626.42
$ 449.47

$1,011.40
4
72
F
CARE
$ 6,967.99
$ 176.89
$1,062.00
3
77
F
CARE
$ 5,891.25
$ 260.65
$1,215.50
3
81
F
CARE
$ 4,756.91
$ 104.66
$ 893.50
9
67
F
OTHR
$ 8,096.93
$ 473.98
$ 862.50
4
80
M
CARE
$ 4,620.59
$ 178.59
$ 535.00

6
67
F
OTHR
$ 5,796.49
$ 472.74
$1,007.00
1
88
M
CARE
$ 1,483.39
$ 30.34
$ 172.00
1
88
F
CARE
$ 2,510.05
$ 82.45
$ 485.00
6
92
F
CARE
$ 10,185.83
$ 403.13
$1,054.50
3
85
F
CARE
$ 3,391.90
$ 49.60
$ 588.50
5

85
M
CARE
$ 8,418.13
$ 281.48
$ 758.00
3
80
M
CARE
$ 4,346.47
$ 108.11
$ 411.00
2
98
F
CARE
$ 2,043.85
$ 49.20
$ 214.00
3
74
F
CARE
$ 2,594.85
$ 131.60
$ 496.00
5
77
M
CARE
$ 5,499.36
$ 153.91
$ 289.50
9
53

F
CARE
$ 11,244.45
$ 500.30
$ 657.00
7
93
M
CARE
$ 6,565.55
$ 710.00
$ 725.00
4
83
F
CARE
$ 6,031.15
$ 294.60
$1,313.00
7
80
M
CARE
$ 4,912.76
$ 468.01
$ 333.50
3
79
M
CARE
$ 6,182.45
$ 234.85
$ 843.50
3
87
F

CARE
$ 4,218.95
$ 183.45
$ 309.50
16
59
M
CARE
$ 40,231.27
$ 2,768.32
$4,618.00
3
81
F
CARE
$ 3,608.95
$ 290.77
$ 457.50
4
94
F
CARE
$ 3,041.44
$ 109.59
$ 484.00
1
33
F
CAID
$ 1,581.93
$ 141.78
$ 539.50
2
78
F
CARE

$ 1,468.48
$ 175.18
$ -
2
29
F
CARE
$ 2,294.55
$ -
$ 209.00
2
80
F
CARE
$ 7,138.72
$ 402.98
$1,317.50
3
63
F
INS
$ 3,845.96
$ 182.31
$ 443.00
4
86
M
CARE
$ 5,355.23
$ 376.34
$ 890.90
4
96
M
CARE
$ 4,573.05

$ 563.40
$1,310.00
5
89
M
CARE
$ 5,023.11
$ 272.51
$1,039.50
5
80
M
CARE
$ 4,238.30
$ 112.15
$ 654.75
5
55
F
CAID
$ 6,885.73
$ 351.58
$ 838.50
5
73
M
CARE
$ 5,447.63
$ 224.98
$ 660.00
7
67
F
CARE
$ 6,257.66
$ 349.81

$ 761.85
2
75
M
CARE
$ 4,601.00
$ 655.64
$1,008.00
Appendix BPictures of Analysis Comment by Wise, Jay [2]:
The information in this appendix should be broken out by Table
and Figure as appropriate. Please see my earlier comments for
possible table formats that you can use. Comment by Snider,
Joseph: All Tables and Figures now have headings.
Figure 6
Scatterplot of Drug Charges Based on Age
Table 7
Table 8
Chi-Square Test of Age and Gender (Independence Test) Pivot
Table
Table 9
Analysis Data Entry

mammogramtreatmentbreast_cancer_deathmammogramyesmam
mogramyesWhat the Pivot Table you are building should look
like:mammogramyesmammogramyesmammogramyesmammogra
myesmammogramyesmammogramyesmammogramyesmammogra

myesmammogramyesmammogramyesmammogramnomammogra
mnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramn
omammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramnom
ammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomam
mogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammo
gramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogra

gramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammo gra

omammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramno m

omammogramnomammogramnomammogramnomammogramno…
WS5-2_PivotTables.docx
The purpose of this document is to review the sections of the
research paper template. The research paper template is in
APA7 format. It includes a title page, table of contents, List of
tables, list of figures, project background, project analysis,
project summary, references, and appendices. The table of
contents is not automatically updated, so you will need to
manually update the page numbers in the table of contents. The
project background section was reviewed in the prior workshop.
The three types of Project Analysis techniques are simple linear
regression, t test hypothesis testing, and chi-square hypothesis
testing. This formative assessment covers the Project Analysis
section in more detail, and specifically the simple linear
regression analysis. The project analysis section will contain
the three forms of analysis needed for these reports to be
complete. Both statistics and graphs are imperative to be
complete. Any tables or figures shown will need to have APA
covered. Tables require a heading of the format Table
#<Number>. <Title>. Figure require a caption under them of
the format Figure *<Number>. <Title>.
A chi-square test in hypothesis analysis is used for research
when you have sample data with two categories and counts in a
contingency table format (summary table with one category as
rows, one category as columns and counts in the matrix of
values). The chi-square test statistic is a calculation that Excel
can provide. In a test on a sample, a hypothesis statement is
made about the whether the two categorical variables are

independent or not. The null hypothesis statement is that the
two categorical variables are independent and the alternative
hypothesis is that the categorical variables are not independent.
An example analysis is shown below. The H0 statement is that
the categorical variables of depth and magnitude are
independent. The H1 statement is that the categorical variables
of depath and magnitude are not independent .
The judgment is based on 2 methods. The critical value method
would compare the chi-square statistic of .1202 to boundary
values of +6.63 and if the chi-square statistic is greater you
reject the H0. The p-value method rejects H0 if the p-value is
lower that the level of significance. In this case, .7288 is not
lower than .01, so do not reject H0.
ASSESSMENT:
Match the following pieces of information to the correct
answers.
2 Methods of judging H0 categorical variables
are independent
p-value is lower than the level of significance Critical
value or p-value
H0 for the analysis above True
ANSWERS
2 Methods of judging H0 categorical variables
are independent
p-value is lower than the level of significance Critical
value or p-value
H0 for the analysis above True
Chi-Square TestIs depth of earthquake independent of the
magnitude?

Use .01 level of significance and quake raw data in worksheet
RawData to summarize into counts.
Magnitude (Richter)0-1010-20Total
Notice that >1 takes into account 2 lines of the pivot.
0-111920
Entering values correctly into table: (10 points)
>1151530
Total262450
DO NOT touch the non-blue areas of the tables.
Magnitude (Richter)0-1010-20Total
0-110.40009.600020
>115.600014.400030
Total262450
Level of Significance0.01
Entering correct alpha value (10 points)
Number of Rows2
Number of Columns2
Degrees of Freedom1
Critical Value6.6349
Chi-Square Test Statistic0.1202
p-Value0.7288
Observed Frequencies
Depth (km)
Do not reject the null hypothesis
Expected Frequencies
Depth (km)
Data
Results
STAT 535 WS5
We have 2 more weeks in the course. You will be adding the
last analysis to your papers using the Chi-Square technique.
You will also be adding the summary section in workshop 6.
Start trying to update the Table of Contents for all the pages
you have added. Also make sure your references page is up to
date and in APA 7th edition style.

There are a host of resources to help you in Week 5.
· Video on Chi-Square analysis
· Remediation video on Chi-Square analysis
· An Excel file template for Chi-Square analysis (Chi-Square 10
by 10.xlsx)
· WS5 practice file
· WS5-2 Pivot tables
You may earn up to 190 points in Week 5.
The Chi-Square analysis takes as input a table of counts. You
summarize by using a pivot table or doing it manually. For
instance, if you have customers that go to your hotel chain and
you want to know if they would ever come back you could
analyze a summary table of Hotel A and Hotel B by if the
customer chooses to come back Yes or No. The below example
shows that Hotel A is doing better but it is statistically
significant. That is where Chi-Square comes in. It
hypothesizes that the hotels are not different. If the sample is
much different than that assumption, reject H0. The analysis
calculates for you with the provided template what the counts
would be under the H0 assumption and also the differences in
counts between actual and expected counts. If large enough of
a difference, the Chi-Square statistic gets bigger and ultimately
you reject H0.
Come Back? Hotel A Hotel B
Yes 50 23
No 16 35
COMPUTEChi-Square TestObserved
FrequenciesHotelCalculationsReturn?ABc3c4c5c6c7c8c9c10Tot
alfo-feYes1101002105-500000000No90100190-
5500000000r300000000000r400000000000r500000000000r6000
00000000r700000000000r800000000000r900000000000r1000.0
0000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.0000
Total20020000000000400Expected
FrequenciesHotelReturn?ABc3c4c5c6c7c8c9c10Total(fo-

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