Quality control &Quality assurance

1. A PRESENTATION ON
A Report File Of
PRACTICE SCHOOL
(BP706P)
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF
DR. RAKESH KUMAR
(DIRECTOR OF CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE)
SUBMITTED BY
PRASHANT LAWANIYA
B.PHARM 7TH
SEM

2. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 2
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE
JASWANTNAGAR (ETAWAH)
CERTIFICATE
This is certify that PRASHANT LAWANIYA is a student of B.Pharm (7th
sem.)
of CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE, JASWANTNAGAR. They
have prepared A report on practice school under the guidance of Mr. Rakesh
Kumar sir.
External examiner- Guidance
Name- Mr. Rakesh Kumar
Date- Ch. Sughar Singh Pharmacy College
Signature- Jaswantnagar (Etawah)

3. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 3
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project on practice school embodies my own
unaided work.
Place: Jaswantnagar (Etawah) PRASHANT LAWANIYA
Date: …/…/…… B.Pharm 7th
sem.

4. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 4
ACKNOWLADGEMENT
Firstly, I would like to thank the management of our institute CH.
SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE JASWANTNAGAR for my
work.
I would also like to thank our Dr. Rakesh Kumar sir for providing this
guidance thought the work.
I would like to acknowledgement the continuous encouragement and help
extended to me by my friends for preparing this review work.
I would like to thank my teacher for providing guidance and giving the
article regarding my work.
My thanks are due to my parents and my family whose normal support has
been always showered upon all the steps.
Last but not the least I thank “GOD” who has patronized me with
consciousness and love to ladder the success.

5. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 5
QUALITY
Quality is defined as the degree to which health services for the individuals
and populations increase likelihood of the desired health outcomes and are
consistence with current professional knowledge.
-Joint commission on Accreditation of Healthcare
Organizations (2002)
Quality is a services is defined as the totality of features and characteristics of
the service that bear on its ability to satisfy the states and implied needs of the
patients.
-International organization for standardization (
ISO 8402)

6. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 6
MEANING OF QUALITY CONTROL
 Quality control is the traditional way of managing quality.
 Quality control is concerned with checking and reviewing work that has
been done.
 For example, this would include lots of inspection, testing and sampling.
 Quality control is mainly about “detecting” defective output rather than
preventing it. Quality control can also be a very expensive process. Gence,
in recent years, business have focused on quality management and quality
assurance.
DEFINITION OF QUALITY CONTROL
 “Quality control means the recognition and removal of identifiable causes
and defects, and variables from the set standards”.
J.A. Shubin
Basic examples of quality control
 Manufactures of food products often have employees who test the finished
products for taste and other qualities.

7. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 7
 Manufacturers have workers inspect clothing rments to ensure that they are
properly swn.
 Service oriented companies often have representatives who observe the
services being performed or who do follow-up checkes to ensure that
everything was done properly.
WHEN DOES QUALITY CONTROL OCCURS
 When raw materials are received prior to entering production.
 Whilst products are going through the production process.
 When products are finished – inspection or testing takes place before
products are dispatched to customers.
 Evaluating people. (Applicable with service oriented companies)
BENEFITS OF QUALITY CONTROL
 It provides a means of detecting error at inspection.
 It leads to more uniform quality of production.
 It improves the relationship with the customers.
 It reduce inspection cost.
 It reduces the number rejects and saves the cost of material.
 It provides a basis for attainable specification.
 It points out the bottle necks and trouble spots.

8. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 8
 It provides a means of determining the capability of the manufacturing
process.
 It promotes the understanding and appreciation of quality control.
OBJECTIVES OF QUALITY CONTROLS
 Improvement of quality.
 Reduction os scrap and rework.
 Efficient use of man and machines.
 Economy in use of materials.
 Removing production bottle-necks.
 Decrease inspection coasts.
 Reduction of cost per unit.
 Scientific evaluation of quality and production.
 Quality caution at all levels.
7 BASIC TOOLS OF QUALITY CONTROL

9. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 9
 Check sheet
 Control chart
 Histogram
 Ishikawa diagram
 Pareto chart
 Scatter diagram
 Flow chart
1. CHEECK SHEET – It is form used to collect data in real time at the
location where the data are generated. The data is captured can be
quantitative or qualitative, the check sheet is sometime called a tally sheet.
2. CONTROL CHART – Also known as shewhart charts or process behavior
charts, statistical process control are tools used to determine if a
manufacturing or business process in a state of statistical control.
3. HISTOGRAM – It is graphical representation showing a visual impression
of the distribution data.
4. ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM – Common used of the Ishikawa diagram are
product design and quality defect prevention, to identify potential factor
causing an overall effects. Each cause or reason for imperfection is a source
of variation. Causes are usually grouped into major categories to identify
these sources of variation.

10. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 10
5. PARETO CHART – Is a type of chart that contains both bars and line
graph, where individual values are represented in descending orders by bars,
and the cumulative total Is represented by the line.
6. SCATTER DIAGRAM – Is a type of mathematical diagram using
Cartesian coordinates to display values for two variables for a set of data.
7. FLOW CHART- Is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm or
process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds, and their order by
connecting them with arrows.
QUALITY CONTROL THROUGH PRODUCTION SYSTEM
 Inputs – Raw materials- acceptance tests- quality of inputs
 Conversion- production processes- control chart- monitoring quality of
partially completed products
 Outputs- goods and services- acceptance tests- quality of outputs
QUALITY CONTROL TECHNIQUES
 JIT
 Quality at source
 Inspection
 SQC

11. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 11
 TQM
CONCLUSION
Quality control (QC) is a procedure or set of procedures intended to insure
that a manufactured products or performed service adheres to a defined set of
quality criteria or meets the requirements of the clients or costumes.
Quality control can be noted as a reactive process.

12. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 12
QUALITY ASSURANCE
 Quality assurance is an on-going , systematic comprehensive evaluation of
health care services and the impact of those services on health care services.
- Kozier.
 Quality assurance is defined as all activities undertaken to predate and
prevent poor quality.
-Neetvert (1992)
KEY TERMS RELATED TO QUALITY ASSURANCE
 Quality improvement
 Total quality management /continuous quality improvement
 Quality control

13. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 13
 Quality circles
OBJECTIVES OF QUALITY ASSURANCE
According to Jonas (2000), the two main objectives are-
 To ensure the delivery of quality client care
 To demonstrate the efforts of the health care providers to provide the best
possible results
Other specific objectives are –
 Formulate plane of care
 Attend the patients physical and non-physical need
 Evaluate achievement of nursing care
 Support delivery of nursing care with administrative and managerial services

14. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 14
PRINCIPLE OF QUALITY ASSURANCE
 Costumer focus
 Leadership
 Involvement
 Process approach
 System approach to management
 Continual improvement
 Factual approach to decision making
 Mutually beneficial supplier relationship
COMPONENTS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE
 Structure evaluation

15. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 15
 Process evaluation
 Outcome evaluation
QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCESS
 Establishment of standards or criteria
 Identify the information relevant to criteria
 Determine ways to collect information
 Collect the analyze the information
 Compare collect information with established criteria
 Make a judgment about quality
 Provide information and if necessary, take corrective action regarding
findings of appropriate source

16. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 16
BARRIERS OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS EFFORTS
 The nurse manager might become pre occupied with quality assessment
 It is impossible to identify all factors that influence nursing care quality
 Difficulty in defining outcome criteria that result solely from nursing
intervention
 Nurse documentation of care measures is at times vague, incomplete and
lacking in objectivity
 High cost

17. PRACTICE SCHOOL
CH. SUGHAR SINGH PHARMACY COLLEGE Page 17
CONCLUSION
 Good manufacturing practices are the basis of the production and
preparation of safe food
 Good hygienic practices deal with safety and suitability requirements to be
follow world-wide
 Each food operation should adapt existing codes to their specific set of
conditions
 Food operation should also decide with practices are critical for the safety of
a product and thus have to be included in the HACCP plan.