The document summarizes the logical design of IoT. It discusses IoT functional blocks, communication models, and communication APIs. The key functional blocks include devices, communication, services, management, security, and applications. Common communication models are request-response, publish-subscribe, push-pull, and exclusive pair. Popular communication APIs for IoT include REST-based and WebSocket-based APIs. REST follows a request-response model while WebSocket allows full-duplex communication.
The document discusses the logical design of IoT. It describes the key logical design elements including IoT functional blocks, communication models, and communication APIs. The logical design provides an abstract representation of IoT entities and processes without implementation details. The functional blocks provide capabilities for identification, sensing, actuation, communication and management. Common communication models are request-response, publish-subscribe, push-pull and exclusive pair. REST and WebSocket are examples of IoT communication APIs.
The document provides an introduction to IoT, including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, communication protocols, and deployment levels. It defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and communication capabilities. Key aspects covered include common IoT device components, popular communication protocols, logical architectures like request-response and publish-subscribe models, and six levels of IoT systems ranging from single devices to complex networks of independent nodes.
The document discusses the key concepts of IoT including its definition, characteristics, physical and logical design, protocols, levels and deployment templates. Specifically, it defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and communication capabilities. It describes the various components of an IoT system including devices, resources, controllers, databases, services, analytics and applications. Finally, it outlines six levels of IoT systems with increasing complexity from single device/node to multiple interconnected devices and centralized control.
The document provides an introduction to IoT, including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, communication protocols, and deployment models. It defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and communication capabilities. The physical components are "things" like sensors and devices. Logically, IoT systems use models like publish-subscribe and request-response. Deployment is classified into 6 levels based on the network topology and where data is stored and processed.
The document provides an overview of Internet of Things (IoT) including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, protocols, and deployment levels. It defines IoT as a dynamic global network of devices connected using standard protocols. The physical design section describes IoT devices' sensing, actuating, and monitoring capabilities. The logical design outlines functional blocks for identification, sensing, communication and management. It also describes common communication models like request-response, publish-subscribe, and REST APIs. Finally, it outlines six levels of IoT deployment with varying device, data, analysis and application configurations.
Iot unit i present by JAVVAJI VENKATRAO SVEC,TIRUPATIVenkatRaoJ
This document provides an introduction to IoT including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, protocols, and deployment templates. It describes IoT as a global network of physical objects embedded with sensors and connectivity. Key aspects include devices having unique identities, sensing/actuation capabilities, and ability to exchange data over the internet. Common IoT communication models like request-response, publish-subscribe, and push-pull are also outlined. The document concludes by describing six levels of IoT systems of increasing complexity from single device to multiple coordinated devices with cloud-based analytics and applications.
This document provides an introduction to IoT including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, protocols, and deployment templates. It defines IoT as a global network of physical objects embedded with sensors and connectivity to exchange data over the internet. Key characteristics include being dynamic, self-configuring, using interoperable communication protocols, and having unique identities and integration into information networks. IoT devices can exchange or collect data to perform local or cloud-based processing. The document also outlines common IoT communication models, layers, and levels of deployment from single to multiple interconnected devices with local and cloud-based components.
The document introduces concepts related to the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as a global network of physical objects connected by standard communication protocols. It describes the characteristics, physical design, logical design and communication models of IoT systems. It also outlines different levels of IoT deployment from single-node level 1 systems to distributed level 6 systems with multiple independent nodes communicating with cloud-based analytics and applications.
The document discusses the logical design of IoT. It describes the key logical design elements including IoT functional blocks, communication models, and communication APIs. The logical design provides an abstract representation of IoT entities and processes without implementation details. The functional blocks provide capabilities for identification, sensing, actuation, communication and management. Common communication models are request-response, publish-subscribe, push-pull and exclusive pair. REST and WebSocket are examples of IoT communication APIs.
The document provides an introduction to IoT, including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, communication protocols, and deployment levels. It defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and communication capabilities. Key aspects covered include common IoT device components, popular communication protocols, logical architectures like request-response and publish-subscribe models, and six levels of IoT systems ranging from single devices to complex networks of independent nodes.
The document discusses the key concepts of IoT including its definition, characteristics, physical and logical design, protocols, levels and deployment templates. Specifically, it defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and communication capabilities. It describes the various components of an IoT system including devices, resources, controllers, databases, services, analytics and applications. Finally, it outlines six levels of IoT systems with increasing complexity from single device/node to multiple interconnected devices and centralized control.
The document provides an introduction to IoT, including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, communication protocols, and deployment models. It defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and communication capabilities. The physical components are "things" like sensors and devices. Logically, IoT systems use models like publish-subscribe and request-response. Deployment is classified into 6 levels based on the network topology and where data is stored and processed.
The document provides an overview of Internet of Things (IoT) including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, protocols, and deployment levels. It defines IoT as a dynamic global network of devices connected using standard protocols. The physical design section describes IoT devices' sensing, actuating, and monitoring capabilities. The logical design outlines functional blocks for identification, sensing, communication and management. It also describes common communication models like request-response, publish-subscribe, and REST APIs. Finally, it outlines six levels of IoT deployment with varying device, data, analysis and application configurations.
Iot unit i present by JAVVAJI VENKATRAO SVEC,TIRUPATIVenkatRaoJ
This document provides an introduction to IoT including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, protocols, and deployment templates. It describes IoT as a global network of physical objects embedded with sensors and connectivity. Key aspects include devices having unique identities, sensing/actuation capabilities, and ability to exchange data over the internet. Common IoT communication models like request-response, publish-subscribe, and push-pull are also outlined. The document concludes by describing six levels of IoT systems of increasing complexity from single device to multiple coordinated devices with cloud-based analytics and applications.
This document provides an introduction to IoT including definitions, characteristics, physical and logical designs, protocols, and deployment templates. It defines IoT as a global network of physical objects embedded with sensors and connectivity to exchange data over the internet. Key characteristics include being dynamic, self-configuring, using interoperable communication protocols, and having unique identities and integration into information networks. IoT devices can exchange or collect data to perform local or cloud-based processing. The document also outlines common IoT communication models, layers, and levels of deployment from single to multiple interconnected devices with local and cloud-based components.
The document introduces concepts related to the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as a global network of physical objects connected by standard communication protocols. It describes the characteristics, physical design, logical design and communication models of IoT systems. It also outlines different levels of IoT deployment from single-node level 1 systems to distributed level 6 systems with multiple independent nodes communicating with cloud-based analytics and applications.
The document introduces concepts related to the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as a global network of physical objects connected by standard communication protocols. It describes the characteristics, physical design, logical design and communication models of IoT systems. It also outlines different levels of IoT deployment from single-node level 1 systems to distributed level 6 systems with multiple independent nodes communicating with cloud-based analytics and applications.
The document provides an overview of Internet of Things (IoT) concepts from the book "Internet of Things: A Hands-On Approach". It begins with definitions of IoT and its key characteristics such as being dynamic, self-configuring, using interoperable communication protocols, and giving things unique identities. It then covers the physical and logical design of IoT including IoT devices, protocols, and communication models. Finally, it discusses different levels of IoT systems from single to multiple devices and deployment templates.
The document summarizes key concepts from the first chapter of a book on IoT. It defines IoT, outlines its characteristics and components. These include the physical design of IoT devices and their logical design involving identification, sensing, communication and management. It also describes various communication models and levels of IoT systems from single to multiple interconnected devices with local and cloud-based storage, analysis and applications.
The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as physical objects embedded with sensors and software to connect and exchange data over the internet. Technologies like low-cost sensors, connectivity, cloud computing and machine learning have enabled IoT. An IoT system consists of devices, connectivity, protocols, and a logical design including functional blocks, communication models and APIs. Common communication models are request-response, publish-subscribe, push-pull and exclusive pair. REST and WebSocket are examples of IoT communication APIs.
This document provides an overview of the course "18BME18 INTERNET OF THINGS FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS". The course aims to discuss IoT concepts, interpret wireless sensor network protocols, illustrate IoT applications in healthcare using tools and embedded systems. The document outlines the various units that will be covered, including IoT and M2M communication models, functional blocks, and protocols. It also compares IoT with M2M and describes software-defined networking.
It consists of definition of iot,physical and logical design of iot,fundamental blocks of iot , communication model of iot ,what is things in internet of things means, communication APIs of iot.This are some of the main contents of this ppt
The document provides an introduction to IoT (Internet of Things) concepts. It defines IoT and describes its key characteristics such as being dynamic, self-configuring, using interoperable communication protocols, and having unique device identities. It also outlines the physical and logical design of IoT systems, including common IoT device components, communication models, and different levels of IoT deployment from a single device to complex multi-node networks.
The document introduces Internet of Things (IoT) and provides definitions and outlines key concepts. It defines IoT as a network of physical objects equipped with sensors and software that connects and exchanges data with other devices and systems over the Internet. The document discusses the characteristics, physical design including generic device components, logical design including functional blocks, and communication protocols of IoT systems. It provides examples of protocols used at different layers including networking, transport, and application layers.
The document provides an introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT), including definitions of IoT, characteristics of IoT systems, the physical and logical design of IoT, and common IoT protocols. It defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and unique identifiers that communicate electronically. It describes the dynamic and self-configuring nature of IoT systems and discusses common network/communication protocols, device components, and logical architectures including request/response, publish/subscribe, and push/pull models.
The document provides an introduction to Internet of Things (IoT) concepts. It defines IoT as a network of physical devices connected via the internet that can communicate and exchange data with each other and external applications. The document outlines the key characteristics of IoT including its dynamic global network structure and use of standard communication protocols. It also describes the physical design of IoT including IoT devices and protocols, as well as the logical design comprising functional blocks like devices, communication, management and applications. Finally, it discusses IoT levels and deployment templates involving different configurations of devices, services, databases and applications.
The document discusses various logical design aspects of an IoT system. It describes the key functional blocks as devices, communication protocols, management services, security functions and applications. It then explains different communication models used in IoT - request-response, publish-subscribe, push-pull, exclusive pair and REST/WebSocket-based APIs. REST follows the request-response model while WebSocket allows bi-directional communication through an open connection.
This document discusses deployability and continuous deployment in the context of microservice architectures. It begins by describing National ICT Australia (NICTA) and its work in information and communications technology research. It then discusses how microservice architectures support continuous deployment by allowing individual teams to deploy new versions of their services independently without coordination. Key aspects of microservice architectures that enable this include: each service having a single responsibility; services communicating asynchronously via messaging; and services registering themselves with a discovery service. The document also discusses how feature toggles and canary deployments can be used to maintain consistency when deploying new versions of services.
Here are the key points of a collapsed multitier design:
- All server farms are directly connected without physical separation between Layer 2 switches. This reduces hardware costs.
- Services like load balancing, firewalling, etc. are concentrated at the aggregation layer rather than being distributed between tiers.
- Less hardware is required compared to an expanded design as there is no need for separate switches and devices at each tier.
- However, it provides less control and scalability compared to an expanded design as tiers are not physically isolated. For example, if one tier needs to be scaled out, it affects the other tiers.
- Security may also be weaker as there is no firewall segmentation between tiers.
IoT Physical Servers and Cloud Offerings.pdfGVNSK Sravya
This document provides an overview of cloud computing and its relevance to IoT. It discusses various cloud storage models and APIs that enable communication with cloud services. It introduces the WAMP protocol for building publish-subscribe and RPC-based distributed apps for IoT. The document also covers using the Xively cloud platform and Django web framework for developing IoT apps. Key topics include cloud computing concepts, types of cloud services, advantages of cloud, and getting started with Django projects, apps, databases and models.
The document provides an introduction to IoT including definitions, characteristics, genesis, applications and challenges. It describes the physical design of IoT including IoT devices, protocols, and the generic block diagram of an IoT device. It also describes the logical design including IoT functional blocks, communication models like publish-subscribe, request-response, levels of IoT deployment from level 1 to 6, and enabling technologies.
This document provides an introduction to IoT including definitions and key characteristics. It discusses the four layers of an IoT architecture: sensing, network, data processing, and application. Common IoT protocols at each layer like MQTT, CoAP, and HTTP are also outlined. The document then covers microprocessors, comparing CISC and RISC architectures. Microcontrollers are defined as specialized microprocessors used in embedded systems. ARM is highlighted as a popular architecture for IoT devices due to its low power consumption and integrated components.
The document discusses how networks need to change to accommodate new demands like mobility, virtualization, and changing traffic patterns. It notes challenges around centralized management, flexibility, and cost reduction. New approaches are needed to close the gap between business needs and what traditional IT can deliver. The document advocates for software-defined networking and open architectures to provide innovation, flexibility, and efficiency through an ecosystem of partners. This will allow networks to better support trends like cloud computing, big data, and security services.
This document discusses technologies for building Internet of Things (IoT) systems, including cloud storage models, communication APIs, and cloud services. It covers WAMP for messaging between IoT devices and cloud applications. It also describes using Python/Django web frameworks to build IoT backend apps, and Amazon Web Services like EC2, S3, RDS, and DynamoDB for hosting and storing IoT data in the cloud at scale. Finally, it mentions SkyNet as an open-source IoT messaging platform and provides examples of IoT applications for home automation, smart cities, and environmental monitoring.
The document introduces concepts related to the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as a global network of physical objects connected by standard communication protocols. It describes the characteristics, physical design, logical design and communication models of IoT systems. It also outlines different levels of IoT deployment from single-node level 1 systems to distributed level 6 systems with multiple independent nodes communicating with cloud-based analytics and applications.
The document provides an overview of Internet of Things (IoT) concepts from the book "Internet of Things: A Hands-On Approach". It begins with definitions of IoT and its key characteristics such as being dynamic, self-configuring, using interoperable communication protocols, and giving things unique identities. It then covers the physical and logical design of IoT including IoT devices, protocols, and communication models. Finally, it discusses different levels of IoT systems from single to multiple devices and deployment templates.
The document summarizes key concepts from the first chapter of a book on IoT. It defines IoT, outlines its characteristics and components. These include the physical design of IoT devices and their logical design involving identification, sensing, communication and management. It also describes various communication models and levels of IoT systems from single to multiple interconnected devices with local and cloud-based storage, analysis and applications.
The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It defines IoT as physical objects embedded with sensors and software to connect and exchange data over the internet. Technologies like low-cost sensors, connectivity, cloud computing and machine learning have enabled IoT. An IoT system consists of devices, connectivity, protocols, and a logical design including functional blocks, communication models and APIs. Common communication models are request-response, publish-subscribe, push-pull and exclusive pair. REST and WebSocket are examples of IoT communication APIs.
This document provides an overview of the course "18BME18 INTERNET OF THINGS FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERS". The course aims to discuss IoT concepts, interpret wireless sensor network protocols, illustrate IoT applications in healthcare using tools and embedded systems. The document outlines the various units that will be covered, including IoT and M2M communication models, functional blocks, and protocols. It also compares IoT with M2M and describes software-defined networking.
It consists of definition of iot,physical and logical design of iot,fundamental blocks of iot , communication model of iot ,what is things in internet of things means, communication APIs of iot.This are some of the main contents of this ppt
The document provides an introduction to IoT (Internet of Things) concepts. It defines IoT and describes its key characteristics such as being dynamic, self-configuring, using interoperable communication protocols, and having unique device identities. It also outlines the physical and logical design of IoT systems, including common IoT device components, communication models, and different levels of IoT deployment from a single device to complex multi-node networks.
The document introduces Internet of Things (IoT) and provides definitions and outlines key concepts. It defines IoT as a network of physical objects equipped with sensors and software that connects and exchanges data with other devices and systems over the Internet. The document discusses the characteristics, physical design including generic device components, logical design including functional blocks, and communication protocols of IoT systems. It provides examples of protocols used at different layers including networking, transport, and application layers.
The document provides an introduction to the Internet of Things (IoT), including definitions of IoT, characteristics of IoT systems, the physical and logical design of IoT, and common IoT protocols. It defines IoT as a global network of devices with sensing/actuation and unique identifiers that communicate electronically. It describes the dynamic and self-configuring nature of IoT systems and discusses common network/communication protocols, device components, and logical architectures including request/response, publish/subscribe, and push/pull models.
The document provides an introduction to Internet of Things (IoT) concepts. It defines IoT as a network of physical devices connected via the internet that can communicate and exchange data with each other and external applications. The document outlines the key characteristics of IoT including its dynamic global network structure and use of standard communication protocols. It also describes the physical design of IoT including IoT devices and protocols, as well as the logical design comprising functional blocks like devices, communication, management and applications. Finally, it discusses IoT levels and deployment templates involving different configurations of devices, services, databases and applications.
The document discusses various logical design aspects of an IoT system. It describes the key functional blocks as devices, communication protocols, management services, security functions and applications. It then explains different communication models used in IoT - request-response, publish-subscribe, push-pull, exclusive pair and REST/WebSocket-based APIs. REST follows the request-response model while WebSocket allows bi-directional communication through an open connection.
This document discusses deployability and continuous deployment in the context of microservice architectures. It begins by describing National ICT Australia (NICTA) and its work in information and communications technology research. It then discusses how microservice architectures support continuous deployment by allowing individual teams to deploy new versions of their services independently without coordination. Key aspects of microservice architectures that enable this include: each service having a single responsibility; services communicating asynchronously via messaging; and services registering themselves with a discovery service. The document also discusses how feature toggles and canary deployments can be used to maintain consistency when deploying new versions of services.
Here are the key points of a collapsed multitier design:
- All server farms are directly connected without physical separation between Layer 2 switches. This reduces hardware costs.
- Services like load balancing, firewalling, etc. are concentrated at the aggregation layer rather than being distributed between tiers.
- Less hardware is required compared to an expanded design as there is no need for separate switches and devices at each tier.
- However, it provides less control and scalability compared to an expanded design as tiers are not physically isolated. For example, if one tier needs to be scaled out, it affects the other tiers.
- Security may also be weaker as there is no firewall segmentation between tiers.
IoT Physical Servers and Cloud Offerings.pdfGVNSK Sravya
This document provides an overview of cloud computing and its relevance to IoT. It discusses various cloud storage models and APIs that enable communication with cloud services. It introduces the WAMP protocol for building publish-subscribe and RPC-based distributed apps for IoT. The document also covers using the Xively cloud platform and Django web framework for developing IoT apps. Key topics include cloud computing concepts, types of cloud services, advantages of cloud, and getting started with Django projects, apps, databases and models.
The document provides an introduction to IoT including definitions, characteristics, genesis, applications and challenges. It describes the physical design of IoT including IoT devices, protocols, and the generic block diagram of an IoT device. It also describes the logical design including IoT functional blocks, communication models like publish-subscribe, request-response, levels of IoT deployment from level 1 to 6, and enabling technologies.
This document provides an introduction to IoT including definitions and key characteristics. It discusses the four layers of an IoT architecture: sensing, network, data processing, and application. Common IoT protocols at each layer like MQTT, CoAP, and HTTP are also outlined. The document then covers microprocessors, comparing CISC and RISC architectures. Microcontrollers are defined as specialized microprocessors used in embedded systems. ARM is highlighted as a popular architecture for IoT devices due to its low power consumption and integrated components.
The document discusses how networks need to change to accommodate new demands like mobility, virtualization, and changing traffic patterns. It notes challenges around centralized management, flexibility, and cost reduction. New approaches are needed to close the gap between business needs and what traditional IT can deliver. The document advocates for software-defined networking and open architectures to provide innovation, flexibility, and efficiency through an ecosystem of partners. This will allow networks to better support trends like cloud computing, big data, and security services.
This document discusses technologies for building Internet of Things (IoT) systems, including cloud storage models, communication APIs, and cloud services. It covers WAMP for messaging between IoT devices and cloud applications. It also describes using Python/Django web frameworks to build IoT backend apps, and Amazon Web Services like EC2, S3, RDS, and DynamoDB for hosting and storing IoT data in the cloud at scale. Finally, it mentions SkyNet as an open-source IoT messaging platform and provides examples of IoT applications for home automation, smart cities, and environmental monitoring.
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ppt-3-iotlogicdesign-210125034351.pptx
1. Logical design of IoT
Session by
C.UDHAYAKUMAR, AP/ECE
U19EC604 INTRODUCTION TO IOT
1
2. Agenda of the session
• Previous class content
• Physical design of IoT
• Logical design of IoT
2
3. Physical Design of IoT
3
• Physical Design of IoT refers to IoT Devices and IoT Protocols.
• Things are Node device which have unique identities and can perform remote sensing,
actuating and monitoring capabilities.
• Communication established between things and cloud based server over the Internet by
various IoT protocols.
Things
Basically Things refers to IoT Devices which have unique identities and can perform
remote sensing, actuating and monitoring capabilities.
Things are is main part of IoT Application. IoT Devices can be various type, Sensing
Devices, Smart Watches, Smart Electronics appliances, Wearable Sensors, Automobiles,
and industrial machines. These devices generate data in some forms or the other which
when processed by data analytics systems leads to useful information to guide further
4. Generic Block Diagram of IoT
•Today many cloud
servers available for
especially IoT
System.
•These
Platform known as
IoT Platform.
4
5. IoT Protocols IoT protcols help to establish Communication
between IoT Device (Node Device) and Cloud based
Server over the Internet.
It help to sent commands to IoT Device and
received data from an IoT device over the Internet.
5
6. Logical Design of IoT
• Logical Design of IoT refers to an abstract representation of the entities & processes without
going into the low-level specifies of the implementation.
For understanding Logical Design of IoT, we describes given below terms.
IoT Functional Blocks
IoT Communication Models
IoT Communication APIs
6
7. IoT Functional Blocks
• An IoT system comprises of a number of functional blocks that provide the system the
capabilities for identification, sensing, actuation, communication and management..
7
8. IoT Functional Blocks
8
• An IoT system comprises of a number of functional blocks that provide the system the
capabilities for identification, sensing, actuation, communication and management..
functional blocks are:
Device: An IoT system comprises of devices that provide sensing, actuation, monitoring
and control functions.
Communication: Handles the communication for the IoT system.
Services: services for device monitoring, device control service, data publishing services
and services for device discovery.
Management: this blocks provides various functions to govern the IoT system.
Security: this block secures the IoT system and by providing functions such as
authentication , authorization, message and content integrity, and data security.
Application: This is an interface that the users can use to control and monitor various
aspects of the IoT system. Application also allow users to view the system status and
view or analyze the processed data.
9. IoT Communication Models
9
prepares the response, and then sends
the response to the client.
•Request-Response Model
•Publish-Subscribe Model
•Push-Pull Model
•Exclusive Pair Model
Request-Response Model
•When the server receives a request, it
decides how to respond, fetches the
data, retrieves resource representation,
•HTTP works as a request-response protocol between a client and server. A web browser may be
the client, and an application on a computer that hosts a web site may be the server.
•Example: A client (browser) submits an HTTP request to the server; then the server returns a
response to the client. The response contains status information about the request and may also
contain the requested content.
•Request-response is a stateless communication
model and each request-response pair is
independent of others.
10. IoT Communication Models
10
subscribed consumers.
•Request-Response Model
•Publish-Subscribe Model
•Push-Pull Model
•Exclusive Pair Model
Publish-Subscribe Model
•Publish-Subscribe is a communication
model that involves publishers, brokers
and consumers.
•Publishers are the source of data.
•Publishers send the data to the topics which are
managed by the broker.
•Publishers are not aware of the consumers.
•Consumers subscribe to the topics which are managed by the broker.
•When the broker receive data for a topic from the publisher, it sends the data to all the
11. IoT Communication Models
•Request-Response Model
•Publish-Subscribe Model
•Push-Pull Model
•Exclusive Pair Model
Push-Pull Model
•Push-Pull is a communication model in
which the data producers push the data
to queues and the consumers Pull the
data from the Queues.
•Producers do not need to be aware of the consumers.
•Queues help in decoupling the messaging between the Producers and Consumers..
•Queues also act as a buffer which helps in situations when there is a mismatch between the
rate at which the producers push data and the rate at which the consumer pull data.
11
12. IoT Communication Models
12
•Request-Response Model
•Publish-Subscribe Model
•Push-Pull Model
•Exclusive Pair Model
Exclusive Pair Model
•Exclusive Pair is a bidirectional, fully
duplex communication model that uses
a persistent connection between the
client and server.
•Connection is setup it remains open until the client sends a request to close the
connection.
•Client and server can send messages to each other after connection setup.
•Exclusive pair is stateful communication model and the server is aware of all the open
connections.
13. IoT Communication APIs
•REST-based Communication APIs
•WebSocket-based Communication APIs
•REST-based Communication APIs
•Representational state transfer (REST) is a set of architectural principles by which you can
design Web services the Web APIs that focus on systems’s resources and how resource states
are addressed and transferred.
•REST APIs that follow the request response communication model, the rest architectural
constraint apply to the components, connector and data elements, within a distributed
hypermedia system.
•A RESTful web service is a ” Web API ” implemented using HTTP and REST principles.
•REST is most popular IoT Communication APIs.
13
14. IoT Communication APIs
•REST-based Communication APIs
•WebSocket-based Communication APIs
•REST-based Communication APIs
The rest architectural constraint are as follows:
•Client-server
•Stateless
•Cache-able
•Layered system
•Uniform interface
•Code on demand
14
15. 15
REST-based Communication APIs
Client-server
•The principle behind the client-server constraint is the separation of concerns.
•Clients should not be concerned with the storage of data which is concern of the server.
•Similarly the server should not be concerned about the user interface, which is concern of the
client.
•Separation allows client and server to be independently developed and updated.
Stateless
•Each request from client to server must contain all the information necessary to understand
the request, and cannot take advantage of any stored context on the server.
•The session state is kept entirely on the client.
Cache-able
•Cache constraints requires that the data within a response to a request be implicitly or explicitly
leveled as cache-able or non cache-able.
•If a response is cache-able, then a client cache is given the right to reuse that response data for
later, equivalent requests. caching can partially or completely eliminate some instructions and
improve efficiency and scalability.
16. 16
REST-based Communication APIs
Layered system
•constrains the behavior of components such that each component cannot see beyond the
immediate layer with they are interacting.
•For example, the client cannot tell whether it is connected directly to the end server or two an
intermediaryalong the way.
•System scalability can be improved by allowing intermediaries to respond to requests instead of
the end server, without the client having to do anything different
Uniform interface
• constraints requires that the method of communication between client and server must be
uniform. Resources are identified in the requests (by URIsin web based systems) and are
themselves is separate from the representations of the resources data returned to the client.
•When a client holds a representation of resources it has all the information required to update
or delete the resource you (provided the client has required permissions).
•Each message includes enough information to describe how to process the message
Code on demand
•Servers can provide executable code or scripts for clients to execute in their context. this
constraint is the only one that is optional..
18. IoT Communication APIs
WebSocket-based Communication APIs
•Websocket APIs allow bi-directional, full duplex communication between clients and servers.
•Websocket APIs follow the exclusive pair communication model.
•Unlike request-response model such as REST, the WebSocket APIs allow full duplex
communication and do not require new connection to be setup for each message to be sent.
•Websocket communication begins with a connection setup request sent by the client to the
server.
•The request (called websocket handshake) is sent over HTTP and the server interprets it is an
upgrade request.
•If the server supports websocket protocol, the server responds to the websocket handshake
response.
18
19. IoT Communication APIs
WebSocket-based Communication APIs
•After the connection setup client and server can send data/mesages to each other in full
duplex mode.
•Websocket API reduce the network traffic and latency as there is no overhead for connection
setup and termination requests for each message.
•Websocket suitable for IoT applications that have low latency or high throughput
requirements.
•So Web socket is most suitable IoT Communication APIs for IoT System.
19
20. Syllabus
MODULE I INTERNET OF THINGS AN OVERVIEW
Definition and Characteristics of IoT - Physical Design of IoT - Logical design of IoT - IoT
enabled Technologies: Wireless Sensor Networks, Cloud Computing, Big data
analytics, Communication protocols and Embedded Systems - IoT Levels &
Deployment Templates - Domain Specific IoTs : Home, City, Environment, Energy,
Retail, Logistics, Agriculture, Industry, health and Lifestyle.
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21. MODULE II IOT ARCHITECTURE
Communication Protocols - IoT and M2M : Software Defined Networking, Network
function virtualization- IoT System Management with NETCONF-YANG, SNMP,
NETOPEER.
MODULE III PYTHON PROGRAMMING
Language features of Python - Data types - Data structures - Control of flow - Functions
– Modules – Packages - File handling - Data/time operation - Classes - Exception
handling - Python packages: JSON, XML, HTTPLib, URLLib, SMTPLib.
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22. MODULE IV IOT PHYSICAL DEVICES AND
SERVERS
Building blocks of an IoT device - Programming Inputs and outputs, Serial, SPI and I2C -
Sensors and sensor Node and interfacing using any Embedded target boards :
Raspberry Pi / Intel Galileo/ARM Cortex/ Arduino) Cloud Support : Cloud Storage
models and communication APIs Webserver - Web server for IoT - Cloud for IoT -
Amazon Web services for IoT
MODULE V CASE STUDY AND IOT APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
Home Automation – Smart cities - Environment - Agriculture - Productivity Applications
– Healthcare - Automotive/Vehicular IoT- Smart grid
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23. TEXTBOOKS:
1.ArshdeepBahga and Vijay Madisetti, "Internet of Things: A Hands-on Approach",
Universities Press, 2014.
2 .Vlasios Tsiatsis, Stamatis Karnouskos, Jan Holler, David Boyle, Catherine Mulligan,
“Internet of Things: Technologies and Applications for a New Age of Intelligence”,
Academic Press, 2019.
REFERENCES:
1.Cuno Pfister, " Getting Started with the Internet of Things", O'Reilly Media Press, 2011
2.Jamil Y
. Khan, Mehmet R. Yuce, “Internet of Things (IoT): Systems and Applications”,
Jenny Stanford Publishing, 2019
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