This document discusses computer networks and provides definitions and examples of different types of networks. It defines a computer network as the interconnection of two or more computers to enable communication and sharing of resources. It then discusses local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), personal area networks (PANs), campus area networks (CANs), and metropolitan area networks (MANs). LANs connect computers within a small physical area like an office and allow for easy sharing of resources. WANs connect computers over large distances using technologies like phone lines. PANs connect personal devices around an individual. CANs interconnect LANs within a limited geographic area, and MANs function between LANs and WAN

1. COMPUTER NETWORK
Mohammad Shahvan
Submitted By Submitted To
Mr. Ravi Kumar Mishra
Assistant Professor
TOPIC
MAHARANA PRATAP GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
KOTHI MANDHANA KANPUR
MBA 1st YEAR

2. DEFINTION &APPLICATIONS
 DEFINTION:
Acomputer network isdefined asthe interconnection of two or more
computers.It isdoneto enable the computersto communicateand share
available resources.
 APPLICATIONS:
i. Sharing of resourcessuchasprinters
ii. Sharing of expensive software's and database
iii. Communication from onecomputer to another computer
iv. Exchangeof data and information among usersvia network
v. Sharing of information over geographically wide areas.

3. THEU
SEOFCOMPUTER NETWORK
 BusinessApplications
online buying
 HomeApplications
mail, chat
 Mobile Users
wireless:laptops, PDA, mobile, in plane
 SocialIssues

4. THEUSEOF COMPUTER NETWORK
• Sharing information — i.e. data communication
• Do you prefer these?
• Or this?

5. THEUSEOF COMPUTER NETWORK
• Sharing hardware or software
• E.g. print document
• Centralize administration and support
• E.g. Internet-based, soeveryone can accessthe sameadministrative or support
application from their PCs

6. COMPONENTSOFCOMPUTER NETWORK
 Twoormore computers
 Cablesaslinksbetween the computers
 Anetwork interfacing card(NIC) oneach computer
 Switches
 Software calledoperating system(OS)

7. NETWORKBENEFITS
 Thenetwork provided to the userscanbe divided into two
categories:
i. Sharing
ii. Connectivity

8. SHARING RESOURCES
 Typesof resources are:
1. Hardware: Anetwork allows usersto share many hardware devicessuchas
printers , modems,fax machines,CDROM, players, etc.
2. Software: sharingsoftware resourcesreduces the costof software installation,
saves spaceon hard disk.

9. OTHERBENEFITSOFCOMPUTER NETWORK
o Increased speed
o Reduced cost
o Improved security
o Centralized software managements
o Electronic mail
o Flexible access

10. DISDAVATAGESOF NETWORKS
o High costofinstallation
o Requires time for administration
o Failure of server
o Cable faults

11. CLASSIFICATIONOF AREABY THEIR GEOGRAPHY

12. LOCAL AREA NETWORK(LAN)
 LAN isa network which isdesigned to operate over a
small physical area suchasan office, factory or a group
ofbuildings.
 LAN’s are easyto design and troubleshoot
 Exchange of information and sharing of resources becomes
easybecauseof LAN.
 In LAN all machines are connectedto a single cable.
 Different types of topologies suchasstar, tree, bus,ring,
etc Can be used
 It isusually a privately ownednetwork.

13. WIDE AREANETWORK(WAN)
 When network spansover a large distance or when the
computers to be connectedto each other are at widely
separated locations a local area network cannot be used.A
wide area network(WAN) isinstalled.
 Thecommunication between different usersof WAN is
established using leased telephone lines, satellite links and
similar channels.
 It ischeaper and more efficient to usethe phone network
for the link.
 MostWAN networks are usedto transfer large blocksof
data between its users.

14. PERSONALAREA NETWORK(PAN)
 A personal area network isa computer network
organized around an individual person.
 It generally consistsof a mobile computer, a cell phone or
personal digital assistant. PAN enables the communication
among these devices.
 It can alsobe usedfor communication among personal
devicesthemselves for connecting to a digital level
network and internet.
 ThePANs can be constructed usingwirelessor cables.

15. CAMPUSAREA NETWORK(CAN)
 The campusarea network ismade up of an
interconnection of LAN with limited
geographical area.
 Network equipments suchasswitches,routers
and the transmissionmedia i.e. optical fibre etc
are almost entirely owned by the campus owner.

16. METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK(MAN)
 It isin between LAN & WAN technologythat coversthe
entire city.
 It usessimilar technology asLAN.
 It can be a singlenetwork suchascable TV network, or
a measure of connectinga
number of LAN’s oa large network sothat resourcescan be
shared LAN to LAN aswell as device to device.

17. WAN
MAN
CAN
PAN
LAN

18. PARAMETERS LAN WAN MAN
Ownership of
network
Private Private orpublic Private orpublic
Geographi
cal area
covered
Small Very large Moderate
Design
and
maintenan
ce
Easy Not easy Not easy
Communicatio
n
medium
Coaxial cable
PSTNorsatellite
links
Coaxialcables,
PSTN,optical
fibre, cables,
wireless
Bandwidth Low High moderate
Data
rates(spee
d)
High Low moderate
DISTINGUISH BETWEEN LAN,WAN,MAN