This document provides an overview of musical styles and periods from the 20th century, focusing on Impressionism and Expressionism. It discusses key composers of each style like Debussy, Ravel, Schoenberg, Stravinsky, and Bartok. Impressionism is characterized by suggestive harmonies and timbres while Expressionism uses dissonance and distortion to convey emotion. Key elements of each style are outlined. The document also provides biographical details on influential composers and asks questions to encourage analysis and discussion of their works.

1. MUSIC OF THE 20TH
CENTURY
LESSON 1: IMPRESSIONISM
LESSON 2: EXPRESSIONISM

2. TLO:
1. Describe the distinctive musical elements of given pieces in the 20th century.
2. Explain the performance practices in the 20th century
3. Relate 20th century music to other forms and media during the same time of
period

3. ERAS OF MUSIC
1. Medieval period- a Capella, monophony, unaccompanied music, simple
2. renaissance period- polyphony, harmonious, blending
3. baroque period- ornamentation, contrasting, contrapuntal, harpsicord continuo
4. Classical period- Homophony, Balanced, great variety
5. romantic period- of nationalism, freedom of form and design, dramatic

4. IMPRESSIONISM
• A French movement. A French dominated style
• A style borrowed from impressionist paintings
• Evokes mood and conveys impressions, images, and feelings.

5. FEATURES OF IMPRESSIONISM
1. The use of color or in musical terms, timbre, which can be
achieved through orchestration, harmonic usage, texture, etc.
2. New combinations of extended chords, harmonies, whole tone,
chromatic scales, and pentatonic scale emerged.
3. And last, impressionism was an attempt not to depict reality,
but merely to suggest it.

6. CLAUDE DEBUSSY
•Born August 22, 1862
•Started Impressionism, erratic (rebel)
style
•Considered as, father of the modern
school of composition.

7. 1. WHAT MUSICAL INSTRUMENT IS BEING PLAYED?
2. HOW DID THE MUSIC AFFECT YOUR MOOD OR FEELINGS IN TERMS OF THE GENERAL ATMOSPHERE
OF THE PIECE?

8. MAURICE RAVEL
• Born on 1857
• Born to a music loving family
• Regarded as France’s greatest living composer
• Famous work “Bolero”.

9. 1. WHAT APPROPRIATE DANCE CAN BE PERFORMED WITH BOLERO AS MUSIC?
2. WHAT FEELINGS OR EMOTIONS DOES THE MUSIC EVOKE?

10. END OF DISCUSSION

11. EXPRESSIONISM
•A modernist movement
•Typical trait is to present the world solely
from a subjective perspective, distorting it
radically for emotional effect in order to
evoke mood or ideas

12. FEATURES OF EXPRESSIONISM MUSIC
1.A high degree of dissonance
2.Extreme contrast of dynamics
3. Constant changing of textures
4. Distorted melodies and harmonies
5. Angular melodies with wide leaps

13. ARNOLD SCHOENBERG
•Born on September 13, 1874
•TRIS-KAI-DEK-A-PHOPBIA
•Credited with the establishment of the
twelve-tone system

14. 1. WHAT GENRE OF MOVIE CAN THIS MUSIC BE USED?
2. WHAT PARTICULAR MOMENT IN YOUR LIFE DOES THIS MUSIC REMIND YOU OF?

15. IGOR STRAVINSKY
• Born June 17, 1882
• Born in Lomonosov, Russia

17. BELA BARTOK
• Born March 25, 1881 in Hungary
• Inspired by, Liszt, Strauss, Debussy, and Stravinsky.
• Most famous for his six string quartets

19. END OF DISCUSSION