2. Phytogeography
Phytogeography is a branch of geographic science, which studies
the distribution of living things on earth in the past and at
present.
Shukla and Chandel (1996) define "phytogeography as the study
of the migration and distribution of plants on land or waters.
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3. Distribution of plant taxa
groups
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Widespread plant
A group of plant taxa that is distributed
almost throughout the world in regions
that have various climatic zones.
Endemic plants
Plants whose types grow in limited
areas and are found in areas that are not
too large.
Plants are discontinued
plants that are separated in two or more
areas tens, hundreds or thousands of
kilometers apart
5. According to Weis (1963), in the concept of phytogeography, vegetation distribution patterns of
tribal groups are named and grouped according to the nature of tolerance and adaptation to habitat
and climate. These groups are:
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Sub-cosmopolite and sub-cosmopolite
plant tribes
1.
Tropical plant tribes
2.
Sub-tropical plant tribe, (temperate
climate)
3.
The plant tribe is discontinued
4.
Endemic plant tribe
5.
Extreme region plant tribes
6.
7. Zoogeography
Zoogeography or animal geography is a science that studies the
phenomena of the animal world with their conditions and
conditions on the surface of the earth from an environmental and
regional perspective in a spatial context such as distribution
boundaries, zoning, distribution radials, distribution areas and so
on.
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8. Ethiopian
Alfred Russel Wallacea (1823-1913) who pioneered modern research on animal geography. He
described an imaginary line that delimits the distribution of animal habitats over six regions (fauna
distribution areas in the world):
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Neartic
Paleartic
Australian
Oriental (Asiatic)
Neotropical
9. Distribution of Fauna in Indonesia:
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Fauna of Western
Indonesia
(oriental).
Fauna of Central
Indonesia
(transitional).
Fauna of Eastern
Indonesia
(Australis).
10. Factors that influence the occurrence of
Zoogeography:
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1
Environmental factors:
a, Abiotic: Chemical, edaphic factors and
physiographic factors
b. Biotics
Historical Factors
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11. Conclusion
Phytogeography is the study of the distribution of plants in various geographic
areas, taking into account factors such as climate, soil, topography, and the
evolutionary history of plants. Meanwhile, zoogeography is the study of the
distribution of animals in various geographic areas, taking into account similar
factors as well as biological factors such as migration behavior and adaptation.
Both are branches of geography that study the distribution patterns of living
organisms on Earth and the factors that influence them.
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