Bali is a province in Indonesia made up of several islands, with Bali being the main island. It has a predominantly Hindu population and is Indonesia's top tourist destination due to its beautiful beaches, Hindu culture and arts. Tourism makes up 80% of Bali's economy. The island has a rich culture with intricate art, music, dance and festivals, and is renowned for its diverse Hindu-influenced performing arts.

1. B Y : V A L E R I E S H A L O M I T A
E S 8
BALI

2. Bali
 Bali is a province of Indonesia and
the westernmost of Lesser Sunda
Islands . Located east on Java and
west of Lombok ,the province
includes the island of Bali and some
smaller neighbouring islands .The
provincial capital is, Denpasar ,the
most populous city in the Lesser
Sunda Island and second largest
,after Makassar.
 In Eastern Indonesia , Bali is the
only Hindu majority province , with
83,5% of the population adhering to
Balinese Hinduism.
 Bali is Indonesia’s main tourist
destination ,which has seen a
significant rise in tourists since
1980s.Touism related business
makes up 80% of its economy.

3. History
 Bali was inhabited around 2000 BCE by Austronesian people
who migrated originally from Southeast Asia and Oceania
through Maritime Southeast Asia. Culturally and linguistically
,the Balinese are closely related to Indonesia archipelago ,
Malaysia , The Philippines and Oceania.
 In ancient Bali, nine Hindu sects existed, namely Pasupata ,
Bhairawa, Siwa Shidanta ,Waisnawa , Bodha ,Brahma ,Resi ,
Sora ,and Ganapatya. Each sect revered a spesific deity as its
personal Godhead.

4. ENVIRONMENT
 In 2010, Bali got score 99.65
of Indonesia’s environmental
quality index and the highest
of all 33 provinces .the score
measured 3 water quality
parameters.
 Because of over-exploitation
by the tourist industry which
covers a massive land area,
200 out of 400 rivers on the
island have dried up and
based on research, the
southern part of Bali would
face a water shortage up to
2,500 litres of clean water per
second.
 .

5. TOURISM
 Construction of hotels and
restaurants began to spread
throughout Bali. Tourism
further increased on Bali after
the Ngurah Rai International
Airport opened in 1970. The
Buleleng regency government
encouraged the tourism sector
as one of the mainstays for
economic progress and social
welfare.
 The tourism industry is
primarily focused in the south,
while also significant in the
other parts of the island
 . The main tourist locations are
the town of Kuta (with its
beach), and its outer suburbs of
Legian and Seminyak (which
were once independent
townships), the east coast town
of Sanur (once the only tourist
hub.

6. TRANSPORTATION
 The Ngurah Rai International
Airport is located near
Jimbaran, on the isthmus at
the southernmost part of the
island. Lt.Col. Wisnu Airfield
is on the north-west Bali.
 A coastal road circles the
island, and three major two-
lane arteries cross the central
mountains at passes reaching
to 1,750 m in height (at
Penelokan). The Ngurah Rai
Bypass is a four-lane
expressway that partly
encircles Denpasar. Bali has
no railway lines.

7. Language
 Balinese and Indonesian are the most widely spoken languages in Bali, and
the vast majority of Balinese people are bilingual or trilingual. The most
common spoken language around the tourist areas is Indonesian, as many
people in the tourist sector are not solely Balinese, but migrants from Java,
Lombok, Sumatra, and other parts of Indonesia. There are several
indigenous Balinese languages, but most Balinese can also use the most
widely spoken option: modern common Balinese. The usage of different
Balinese languages was traditionally determined by the Balinese caste
system and by clan membership, but this tradition is diminishing. Kawi
and Sanskrit are also commonly used by some Hindu priests in Bali, as
Hindu literature was mostly written in Sanskrit.
 English and Chinese are the next most common languages (and the
primary foreign languages) of many Balinese, owing to the requirements of
the tourism industry, as well as the English-speaking community and huge
Chinese-Indonesian population. Other foreign languages, such as
Japanese, Korean, French, Russian or German are often used in
multilingual signs for foreign tourists.

8. CULTURE
 Bali is renowned for its diverse and
sophisticated art forms, such as
painting, sculpture, woodcarving,
handcrafts, and performing arts.
Balinese cuisine is also distinctive.
Balinese percussion orchestra music,
known as gamelan, is highly developed
and varied. Balinese performing arts
often portray stories from Hindu epics
such as the Ramayana but with heavy
Balinese influence. Famous Balinese
dances include pendet, legong, baris,
topeng, barong, gong keybar, and kecak
(the monkey dance). Bali boasts one of
the most diverse and innovative
performing arts cultures in the world,
with paid performances at thousands of
temple festivals, private ceremonies, or
public shows.

9. FESTIVALS
 Throughout the year, there are a
number of festivals celebrated
locally or island-wide according to
the traditional calendars.[112]
 Celebrations are held for many
occasions such as a tooth-filing
(coming-of-age ritual), cremation
or odalan (temple festival). One of
the most important concepts that
Balinese ceremonies have in
common is that of désa kala patra,
which refers to how ritual
performances must be appropriate
in both the specific and general
social context.

10. SPORTS
 Bali is a major world surfing
destination with popular breaks
dotted across the southern
coastline and around the offshore
island of Nusa Lembongan.[121]
 As part of the Coral Triangle,
Bali, including Nusa Penida,
offers a wide range of dive sites
with varying types of reefs, and
tropical aquatic life.
 Bali was the host of 2008 Asian
Beach Games.[122] It was the
second time Indonesia hosted an
Asia-level multi-sport event, after
Jakarta held the 1962 Asian
Games.