This document discusses the causes and effects of poverty in India. It outlines several key points: 1) Absolute and relative poverty are defined, with absolute poverty referring to lack of basic needs and relative poverty defined by economic inequalities within a society. 2) Common causes of poverty in India include large family sizes, poor agriculture, unemployment, and corruption, which is prevalent in many sectors such as politics, land administration, the judiciary, healthcare, and tax collection. 3) Effects of poverty include lack of access to education, healthcare, and opportunities for women. It also leads to poor living conditions, large income gaps between rich and poor, and migration to urban areas in search of work.

1. By,
Mohd Imran Ghouri
MSc.Food science and technology.

2. poverty
poverty:
 It is state of one who lacks to certain amount of material possessions or
money.
 People are dieying because can’t affort necessary needs to survive.

3. 1.Absolute poverty:
It refers to deprivation of basic human needs , in which
common includes, such as…
food , water , sanitation ,clothing , shelter,
Health , education .
2.Relative poverty:
Is defined as contextually
as economic inequalities in the location or society
in which people live.

4. Generally what poverty is:
 Poverty is hunger.
 Poverty is being sick , not able to consult a doctor.
 Poverty is not have access to school.
 Poverty is not having job.
 Poverty is loosing a child to illness.
 Poverty is powerlessness.
 Poverty is lack of represntation and freedom.

5. Why should we care of poverty?
why is this important ?
 If we as a being human if we don’t think , then who will think.
 The people that care the more likely it is that their voice will be heard in the
government.
 Many people get affected: they can use your help.
 Its affects everyone , anyone , anywhere.
 Maybe you or someone you know is next?.
 Poverty may even end and bring happiness if enough people help.
 Poverty is the man made.
 So we should think about it.

7. Is population reason for poverty in india?
Comparison of india and china.
china
 World’s populated country is china
with a population of
1,361,512,535.
 Its 18% of the population is poor
and below the poverty line.
 it consists of nearly 2 political
parties .
 Less political parties ,
 less corruption
 low poverty , more devoloped.
india
 Where india stands in second position
with a population of 1,251,695,584.
 Its 33% of the population is poor and
below the poverty line.
 It consists of 10 national parties and
50 state parties .
 More political parties,
 more corruption,
 high poverty, less devoloped.
Conclusion: population is not the main cause for the
poverty of the country .

9. World statistics and facts
of poverty
 75% of the world’s poorest people.
 The 60% of the worlds hungry are women.
 50% of pregnant women in developing countries lack proper
maternal care.
 Resulting in 300,000 maternal deaths annually from child
birth.
 Every 5 second a child dies from hunger-related diseases.
 There are 936 million people who do not have enough to eat.
 22,000 children die each day due to conditions of poverty.
 8 million people die lack of food and nutrition each day.
 Malnutrition is the key factor contributing to more than one
third of all global child deaths resulting in 2.6 millions deaths
per year.

10.  1.4 billion women ,children and men- lived in rural
areas and depend on agriculture and related
activities for their
 50% of the hungry people are farming families.
 1.7 billlion people lack access to clean water.
 35 million people are living with hiv/Aids.
 65% of young people living with hiv/Aids are women.
 More than 11 million children die each year from
preventable diseases as malaria ,diarrhea
pneumonia.

11. Maramus is caused by severe
deficiency of nutrients,
especially protiens
Carbohydrates & lipids
Kwashiorkor is form of
malnutrition caused by
defieciency of dietary
protiens.
98% of world’s undernorished
people live in different
countries
Two-third of the world’s
hungry
live in just 7 countries
Bangladesh , china,
democratic republic of congo ,
ethiopia , india , indonesia
,pakistan.

12. Poverty in india
India is home to world’s 1/3rd of extreme poor
population-un study
Despite the growth and devolopment of the
india economy during the last couple of
decades, parallel increasing in absolute
terms.
A bare fact is that nearly 27.5% of the india
population still lives below the poverty line,
and 75% of this lives in rural areas.

13. Causes of urban poverty
 Just like most of the developing countries, there has been
continues increase in population.
 As per latest survey reports there are 80 million poor people
living in the cities of india .
 Sloe job growth, severe competition
 Those who use to get job or promotions easily now have to
struggle more due to the population hike in cities.
 Around over 61.80 million people living in slums.
 Poor people migrate from rural areas to cities and towns in
search of employment/ financial activity.
 the poverty level is below 10% in states like delhi , goa ,
Punjab , etc.


14.  Five states that constitute around 40% of all urban poor
people of india are uttar Pradesh, bihar, rajastan , Odisha ,
Madhya Pradesh.
 Around 35% of the total population of the metro cities ( delhi,
Kolkata,Chennai,and Mumbai) consists of slum population.
 A large portion of people living in slums are illitrate.
 The bulk of the urban poor are living in extremely deprived
conditions:
 Low cost water supply.
 Improper sanitation.
 Bad sewerage and drainage system.
 Very less social services relating to health care , nutrition, pre
school, and non formal education.

15. Causes of rural POVERTY
 India’s more than 1 billion people live in rural areas ,
and almost 170 million of them are poor.
 Although many rural people migrating to cities,3 out of 4
of india’s poor people live in the vast rural parts of the
country.
 Poverty is more among scheduled caste and tribes in the
country’s rural areas.
 India’s poorest include 50% of members of scheduled
tribes and 40% of the people in scheduled castes
 On map of india poverty in rural india are lies in part
rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, uttar Pradesh , bihar,
Jharkhand, chattisgarh, orrisa, west Bengal.
 Im these areas shortage of water and recurrent droughts
impede the transformation of agriculture that the green
revolution has achieved elsewhere.

16. Rapid population growth:
 With a population of 1.21 billion, india is currently the worlds second
largest country.
 From the total population of india country.68.84% people live in rural
areas of india and are growing very fast.
 People basically depend on agriculture farming in rural areas but due to
lack of sufficient capital they are not able to do their farming activities
and earn.
Large families:
 Generally in rural areas large number of people living in one family.
 First they lack of family planning among villagers, which increase the
population.
 Lack of alternate employment other than agriculture.
 Other then agriculture if they have jobs opportunities money available is
not good.

17. poverty
 Effects on education:
 Education becomes extremely difficult when people are deprived of
basic necessities.
 Illiteracy is a major problem and a major cause for poverty
 Based on enrollment data, about 72 million children of primary
school age were not in school.
 According to statistics 57 % of them were girls.
 Nearly a billion entered the 21st century unable to read a book or
sign their names.
 121 million out of education worldwide
 50% of the children living in rural areas leave the school before 5th
grade
 A large percent of the dropouts are females, forced by their
parents.
 There are some of the reasons why 60% of the females in india
illiterate, a figure higher than males.

18. Effect on women:
 women make up half of the world’s population and
yet to represent a staggering 70%of the world’s poor.
 Of the 500,000 women who die in child birth every
year , 90% live in developing countries.
 4 million girls and women a year are sold into
prostitutions.
 Around 1.2 billion do not have access to safe drinking
water.
 More than 2.4 billion people don’t have proper
sanitation facilities
 More than 2.2 million people die each year die from
diseases caused by polluted water and filthy
sanitation condition.

19. Women empowerment:
 Women and girls form around 50% of the worlds
population
 Since ages, they are treated as burden to the
society
 They are deprived of equal opportunity for
education, food, nutrition, and economic
participation, leading to feminization of poor.
 Women empowerment and education would
strengthen them to bring economic benefits both
at individual and national level.
 Some government & social organization are taking
significant steps towards creating awareness
regarding importance of education of girl child.

20. Un employment:
 Poor people move from villages to towns and from one town to
other in search of employment/work.
 Since, they are illiterate and mostly they are un skilled ,
 They have few employment opportunities open for them.
 Due to unemployment many poor people are forced to live an
unfulfilled life.
Poor living condition and housing
problems:
 they don’t get proper living conditions
 They have to fight the hardship of poverty to secure
food , clothes and shelter.
 A large number of poor families live in houses with
only one room.

21. Gap between the rich and the poor:
Poor
 The poor are growing poor.
 where poor gets doesn’t
get the respect in society.
 Rich marry on financial
standards.
 Rich own a car wants to
improve status in society.
 Rich own home , with A/c
and luxuries in it.
 Rich eat for the taste.
 Rich people spend their
money on improving
financial status in society.
 Rich lies their whole life
beyond money, cant get
satisfied in life because of
their growing needs.
rich
 The rich are are growing rich
 where rich gets respect in
the society.
 Poor marry a kind natured
.character , simple groom.
 Poor own a vehicle for their
basic need and purpose In
daily life.
 Poor own a home without
fan electricity to survive in
the world.
 Poor eat to survive.
 Poor people cant afford
food, spend their most of
the money on food.
 Poor lies their life beyond
happiness and satisfaction.

22. Poor agriculture:
 india is mainly an agricultural country.
 Since 2002, An average every 32 minutes a farmer suicide.
 In the states Maharashtra , Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh etc.
 about 80% of the people depend on agriculture.
 An average every
 But farmers are poor and uneducated .
 They have no good facilities of irrigation.
 They don’t get seeds and fertilizers in time .
 Thus, they yield is poor, thus agriculture is not profitable.
 Agriculture is shortage today, we face shortage of food , we have to
import it.
 Because of money the farmers cant go further in to processing of food
restricted to certain earning.
 So agriculture is one of the causes of India's poverty.
 Government have to release schemes loans for the people , if releases 70%
of the budget is corrupted by govt, private , politicians.

25. Cause of poverty :corruption
 Corruption is strategic action.
 Two or more people undertake an exchange
relation by way of a successful transfer of money
or power.
 Corruption is the misuse of public power (by
elected politician or appointed civil servant) for
private gain.
 it is a wrong doing on the part of an authority or
power full party.
 Corruption in India is a major issue that adversely
affects its economy.
 Around more than 62% of Indians had first hand
experience of paying bribes or influence peddling
to get jobs done in public offices.
 Corruption is much present in politics as people
believed that is natural or inborn.
 India is the 84th most corrupted country in the
world.

27. Corruption why ? Where ?
 It includes national parties and hundred’s of hundred’s
state parties.
 The important thing is the nature of human beings.
 More than Swach bharath swach heart is important .
 in general people have a great thirst for luxuries and
comfort, as they themselves involve in all unscrupulous
activities, result in material benefits.
 Political leaders have spoiled the society completely.
 The political leaders lead a luxurious life and don’t
care even about society and the people from whom
they elected.
 People of India are not awakened and enlightened.
 The people fear to raise their voice against anti social
elements prevailing in the society.

28. Involved :
 High level government officials.
 MP(member of parliament).
 Cabinet ministers.
 Chief ministers.
 State ministers.
 Electronic media & news media.
 Police department.
 Medicine.
 Income tax department.
 Business.

29. Land and property:
 Officials are alleged to steal state property
 In cities and villages throughout India,
 consisting of municipal and other government officials.
 elected politicians, judicial officers, real estate developers and law
enforcement officials.
 Some rowdy shooters with the help of politicians grap the land and play
with the innocent lifes .
 acquire, develop and sell land in illegal ways.
judiciary:
 As many as 77% of Indians believe the country's judiciary is corrupt.
 Over the year there have been numerous judges who have faced
allegations of corruption.
 36% paid bribes to the judiciary last year, according to a global survey by
Transparency International (TI).
 "An estimated Rs 2,630 crore was the amount Indians coughed up as
bribes to the judiciary.
 According to the report, as of February 2011, 33,635 cases were pending
in the Supreme Court, with 26 judges; 3.34 lakh cases in the high courts.

30.  Over the year there have been numerous judges who have faced
allegations of corruption.
 Sumitra Sen a former judge at the Kolkata High Court became the
first judge in the India to be impeached by the Rajya Sabha,
 the Upper House of the Indian Parliament for misappropriation of
funds.
Medicine & hospitals:
 Commercialization of doctors, medicines
 In Government Hospitals, corruption is associated with non-
availability/duplication of medicines/commercialization of
medicines.
 Consulting a doctor but non availability of diagnostic service.
 As doctors prescribed a particular diagnostic centre to certain
percentage money from them.
 Corruption in getting admission in to mbbs.
 National rural health mission: health care government
programmes that HAS been subjected to large scale of
corruption.

31.  a central government program meant to improve health care
delivery in rural areas.
 In the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, in which top politicians and
bureaucrats are alleged to have siphoned off a massive sum
estimated at ₹100 billion from the National Rural Health Mission.
 The NRHM scam came to light after two Chief Medical
Officers were successively murdered in wealthier localities of
the state capital, Lucknow.
 Dr. Vinod Arya (Oct 2010) and Dr. B. P. Singh (April 2011) were
shot dead in broad daylight outside their homes.
 In Feb 2012, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh himself accused
the Mayawati government of misusing NRHM funds.
Income tax department:
 There have been several cases of collusion of officials of
the income tax department of India.
 preferential tax treatment and relaxed prosecutions in exchange
for bribes.

32. Armed forces:
 The Indian Armed Forces have witnessed corruption involving
senior armed forces officers from the Indian Army Indian Navy
and Indian Air Force.
 A number of scandals in the 2000–2015 period damaged the
military's reputation.
 such scandals included skimming of armed forces money, re-
selling of government property, and faking combat missions.
Corruption & black money:
 80% of the total money is Switzerland is from India.
 There are corruptions in every walk of life.
 There is inefficiency in offices people have become selfish.
 They neglect the national interest's.
 Black money causes the problem of rising prices.
 Some people have privileged but many are suffering its affects
Indian economy , it causes poverty.

33. Scams in India:
 Coal allocation Scam :some politician's involved
Loss to Nation:186000 Crore rs.
 2G Spectrum Scam: allegadely by A.Raja MP from Tamilnadu and member
of DMK party.
Loss to Country : 176,000 Crore Rs
 Harshad Mehta Share Market Scam: Lost to Nation : 4000 Crore Rs.
Persons involved : Harshad Mehta
 Commonwealth Games Scam: One of the most shameful and disgusting
scam for India. politicians involved, Loss to country : Nearly 35000 Crore
rs.
 The Hawala Scandal: Politicians involved : L. K. Advani, V. C. Shukla, P.
Shiv Shankar, Sharad Yadav, loss to nation: 1000 crore rs are involved in
this scam
 The Fodder Scam: Politicians alleged : Then Bihar Chief Minister Lalu
Yadav and Cabinet minister Jagannath Mishra,
Loss to State of Bihar : 950 Crores to Bihar State.
 Bellary mining scam: Karnataka government : more than 16000 Crore.
 politicians and Company alleged : Reddy Brothers, owner of Obulapuram
Mining Company in Bellary and Then chief minister Yedurappa.

34.  Eradication of corruption
 India is the fast developing country in the world where our
systems are weak .
 Believing in god and afraid of god he is watching.
 Media: media can play a role in tackling corruption.as media
is corrupted and restricted to certain parties and their
politicians for mutual benefits.
 Lokpal bill implementation.
 Political parties and politicians should be in the society to the
people by the people for the people
 Anti corruption websites.
 Anti corruption organizations.
 Self determination of not to give bribe.
 Vigorous punishments.
 Awareness through media.
 Awareness through social networking , campaigns , road shows.

35. Eradication of poverty:
 Though India shows a high economic growth , it is shame full that there
is still large scale poverty in India.
 If u believe in god, u would be thankful to him for such a life free from
poverty.
 Every religion teaches to share things with others, well this good deed
becomes multiple.
 If we share our happiness and prosperity with those who are less
fortune.
 Devote some time towards volunteering to raise standards of poor, and
associate with some organizations.
 We can volunteer towards mess for poor.
 You can go and teach motivate in school for poor children.
 We buy from organized sector for brand names in showroom ,malls,
money goes to other countries people getting richer for exporting
these things.
 Buy few things from unorganized sector as local things give them a
chance.
 An education is an important thing that distinguish between poor and
rich.
 Try devoting them to impart education to poor people.

36.  An education is an important thing that distinguish between poor
and rich.
 Whenever u see a child labor as working ask him if he would like
to study help her as financially to study.
 ask to his boos as if he can get an part time job after his evening
school.
 Believe me if one person in a family acquires education, he can
bring whole family out of poverty.
 Try devoting them to impart education to poor people.
 give small loans get in to some business and developed
 Try to visit villages ask about their local conditions, school, job ,
agriculture etc.
 We will get information and can take conscious decision to help
them.
 Whenever u see someone is hungry or begging, try to give
something to eat to that person.
 Donate medicines for the poor sick person and don’t shy away
from buying some medicines.

37.  Widening the concept of employment.
 Farmers must get all facilities for irrigation
 Agriculture must be made profitable .
 Ensuring financial services to poorest person.
 The economic gap between the two must be reduced.
 The widening gap between rich and poor is also responsible
for india’s poverty.
 Do charity and accumulate money.
 Donate in villages , states , in countries.
 Providing free shelter , food, health care, education, and drinking
water for them.
 Reducing government taxes for the villages who are facing poverty.
 Hunger and malnutrition of poor to natural disasters make them take
up anti national and anti social activities.
 It is duty of government in particular and all citizens in general to try
their best in an organizations or individually.
 corruption must be end , our officies, government and public sectors,
politicians , parties should love the nation.

38. zakath : (Arabic: ‫[زكاة‬ "that which purifies", is a form of
obligatory alms-giving and religious tax in Islam. It is based on
income and the value of all of one's possessions.
Charity:
 The act of helping others can create an improved sense of well-
being.
 Knowing that you sacrificed something such as time, finances or
property in order to help others in need
 Thus it can give you a sense of purpose in life or work and inner
satisfaction.

39. Conclusion: