1. INTRODUCTION
INVESTIGATING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A
3-D PRINTED ELASTOMER UNDER STATIC LOADING.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University
*
OBJECTIVE
MANUFACTURING
REFERENCES
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK
RESULTS
TESTING
• Test rate – 0.5mm/sec
• Ensure that all the samples are consistently
clamped at the same separation.
• Test rate – 0.5mm/sec
• Primary enforcement – bonds (gorilla glue)
• secondary enforcement- nuts and bolts
• Test rate - 0.5mm/sec
• Sample and fixture contact surfaces were
lubricated to minimize friction
Tensile – 20-30MPa
Optimal parameters –
90o/45o,0.4mm,100%
• CAD model in Solid works
• Solid model to STL
• Import in Makerbot software.
• Build parameters
• Layer height
• Raster Orientation
• Infill
UNIAXIAL
PLANAR
COMPRESSION
UNIAXIAL TESTING
PLANAR TESTING
COMPRESSION TESTING
• Standard –
Treolar
• Width – 150mm
• Grip – 30mm
Raster – 0/90,45
Infill – 80%,100%
Layer height -
0.2mm,0.4mm
• Load and displacement
values were collected
from the test data.
• These values were used
determine nominal
strain and nominal
stress using these
formulas-
𝐸𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑛
𝑃
𝐴0
𝐸𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠
𝐿 − 𝐿0
𝐿0
• Primary – To determine the material parameters for numerical
simulations through experimental testing.
• Secondary – To investigate the effects of build parameters on
tensile and compressive strength.
• Results are helpful for developing 3d printed elastomeric
components
• FEM analysis is possible
• Eliminates the process of experimental tests
• Optimal parameters – best results for 3d printed
elastomeric products.
FUTURE WORK –
• Would like to do numerical simulations
• Would like to do this procedure for dynamic
loading(10000mm/sec)
• 3-D printing – one of the most funded technology in rapid
prototyping [1]
• Fused Deposition modelling is a technique in 3-D printing which
fabricates a component in layered structure.
• Depending on print parameters mechanical performance may
vary.
• This research will study the effect of printing direction, infill
percent and layer height under tensile and compressive loading.
• Common materials for FDM– Polylactic acid (PLA) and
Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and new engineered
materials coming out every day like flexible TPE
• This research will also explore the material properties of an
elastic material(TPE) when used through fused deposition
modelling in 3d printer.
• Rubbers exhibit a highly non linear stress-strain behavior[2].
• Hooke’s law can not be used and values of Young’s modulus
cannot be assigned.
• Various numerical simulations help predict this stress strain
relationship in elastomers.
• Numerical simulations require material parameters to define
material mechanical characteristics.[3]
• The combination of test data required to calculate material
parameters include.
a) Uniaxial test [3]
b) Planar test [3]
c) Simple Compression test [3]
d) Volumetric compression test [3]
• Standard –
ASTM D575
• Dia. – 28.9mm
• Thickness–12mm
Raster – Hor,Ver
Infill – 80%,100%
Layer height -
0.2mm,0.4mm
• Standard –
ASTM D638
• Width – 3.1mm
• Thickness-3.2mm
Raster – 0/90,45
Infill – 80%,100%
Layer height -
0.2mm,0.4mm
Compressive – 30-120Mpa
Optimal parameters –
Vertical,0.2mm,80%
1. "ExplainingTheFuture.com : 3D Printing." ExplainingTheFuture.com : 3D Printing. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Aug. 2016
2. "Rubber | A2-level-level-revision, Physics, Force-motion, Solid-materials, Rubber | Revision World." Rubber | A2-level-level-revision, Physics, Force-motion, Solid-
materials, Rubber | Revision World. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Aug. 2016.
3. D. J. Charlton, J. Yang, and K. K. Teh (1994) A Review of Methods to Characterize Rubber Elastic Behavior for Use in Finite Element Analysis. Rubber Chemistry and
Technology: July 1994, Vol. 67, No. 3, pp. 481-503.
CAD TPE
CAD TPE
CAD
MODEL
TPE
MATERIAL
Akash Oommen and Dr. Aleksander Czekanski
Fig.7 Uniaxial sample during test
Fig.8 Planar sample during test
Fig.9 Compression sample during test
Fig.10 Stress strain response for uniaxial
Fig.12 Stress strain response for compression
Fig. 11 Stress strain response for Planar
Fig 13. Tensile strength
Fig.1 Typical elastic and nonlinear elastic stress strain curves
Fig.2 Different modes of deformation
Fig.3 illustration of FDM process
Fig. 4.1 specimen Fig. 4.2 Raster
Fig. 5.1 specimen Fig. 5.3 Raster
Fig. 6.3 RasterFig. 6.1 specimen
Fig. 5.2 Fixture
Fig. 6.2 Fixture
Fig 14. Compressive strength
0/90o
45o 0.2mm 0.4mm 80% 100%
Orientation Layer Height Infill
0/90o
45o 0.2mm 0.4mm 80% 100%
Orientation Layer Height Infill