The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
Supporting scientific discovery through linkages of literature and dataDon Pellegrino
Poster on "Supporting scientific discovery through linkages of literature and data" by Don Pellegrino, Jean-Claude Bradley and Chaomei Chen. To be presented on May 3, 2011 as part of an event for the Center for Visual and Decision Informatics. More this NSF funded center can be found online at [http://nsf-cvdi.louisiana.edu/]. More on Don Pellegrino's research activities can be found online at [http://www.donpellegrino.com].
Taxonomy extraction from automotive natural language requirements using unsup...ijnlc
In this paper we present a novel approach to semi-automatically learn concept hierarchies from natural
language requirements of the automotive industry. The approach is based on the distributional hypothesis
and the special characteristics of domain-specific German compounds. We extract taxonomies by using
clustering techniques in combination with general thesauri. Such a taxonomy can be used to support
requirements engineering in early stages by providing a common system understanding and an agreedupon
terminology. This work is part of an ontology-driven requirements engineering process, which builds
on top of the taxonomy. Evaluation shows that this taxonomy extraction approach outperforms common
hierarchical clustering techniques.
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability.
Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modeling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework and should be capable of replication. It is expected that all materials required for replication (including computer programs and data sets) should be available upon request to the authors.
Supporting scientific discovery through linkages of literature and dataDon Pellegrino
Poster on "Supporting scientific discovery through linkages of literature and data" by Don Pellegrino, Jean-Claude Bradley and Chaomei Chen. To be presented on May 3, 2011 as part of an event for the Center for Visual and Decision Informatics. More this NSF funded center can be found online at [http://nsf-cvdi.louisiana.edu/]. More on Don Pellegrino's research activities can be found online at [http://www.donpellegrino.com].
Taxonomy extraction from automotive natural language requirements using unsup...ijnlc
In this paper we present a novel approach to semi-automatically learn concept hierarchies from natural
language requirements of the automotive industry. The approach is based on the distributional hypothesis
and the special characteristics of domain-specific German compounds. We extract taxonomies by using
clustering techniques in combination with general thesauri. Such a taxonomy can be used to support
requirements engineering in early stages by providing a common system understanding and an agreedupon
terminology. This work is part of an ontology-driven requirements engineering process, which builds
on top of the taxonomy. Evaluation shows that this taxonomy extraction approach outperforms common
hierarchical clustering techniques.
A PROPOSED MULTI-DOMAIN APPROACH FOR AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF TEXT DOCUMENTSijsc
Classification is an important technique used in information retrieval. Supervised classification suffers
from certain limitations concerning the collection and labeling of the training dataset. When facing Multi-
Domain classification, multiple training datasets and classifiers are needed which is relatively difficult. In
this paper an unsupervised classification system is proposed that can manage the Multi-Domain
classification problem as well. It is a multi-domain system where each domain represented by an ontology.
A document is mapped on each ontology based on the weights of the mutual tokens between them with the
help of fuzzy sets, resulting in a mapping degree of the document with each domain. An experiment carried
out showing satisfying classification results with an improvement in the evaluation results of the proposed
system compared to Apache Lucene.
Scholarly Communication for Bioinformatics StudentsPhilip Bourne
Presentation made to the incoming bioinformatics and systems biology students at UCSD on how they could get involved in changing scholarly communication. Given February 28, 2011
The classical or traditional information system provides answer after a user submits a complete query. It is even
noticed that presently, almost all the relational database systems rely on the query which has syntax and semantics
defined completely to access data. But often it is the case that we are willing to use vague terms in our query. The main
objective of database management system is to provide an environment that is both convenient and efficient for people
to use in storing and retrieving information. A recent trend of supporting auto complete is a first step to cope up with
this problem. We can have design of both classical and fuzzy database and can use effectively fuzzy queries on these
databases. Fuzzy databases are developed to manipulate the incomplete, unclear and vague data such as low, fast, very
high, about etc. The primary focus of fuzzy logic is on the natural language. This Paper provides the users the flexibility
or freedom to query database using natural language. Here this paper implements “interactive fuzzy search”. This
framework for interactive fuzzy search permits the user to explore the data as they type even in the presence of some
minor errors. This paper applies fuzzy queries on relational database so that it is possible to have the precise result as
well as the output for the uncertain terms we generally use based on some membership function
Extraction and Analysis of Publication Data of Conferences - ICACCE 2015Sohom Ghosh
Discovering critical nodes in social networks is crucial for comprehending the structural characteristics, connectivity
and importance of its presence in the network. In this paper,
we focus on detecting vital nodes which are part of multiple
dense sub-graphs and play a major role in connecting other
nodes thereby forming a global network. Here, we analyze the
data of some major data mining conferences to explore if there
exist some nodes which play a major role in submission and
acceptance of paper in those conferences. We try to figure out
the relationship between the Programme Committee members
and the authors and their co-authors. We look for the top authors
of these conferences. Furthermore, we mine the patterns in which
some authors’ and their co-authors’ papers are being accepted.
In order to understand the underlying dynamics of the network
over time we examine how these patterns change periodically and
with what factors. Lastly, we add to this a comparative study
stating the affiliation of authors and examine if local influence of
their ethnicity does exists with respect to continents where these
conferences are taking place.
A survey of heterogeneous information network analysisSOYEON KIM
A Survey of Heterogeneous Information Network Analysis
Chuan Shi, Member, IEEE,
Yitong Li, Jiawei Zhang, Yizhou Sun, Member, IEEE,
and Philip S. Yu, Fellow, IEEE
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, 2015
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Elevating forensic investigation system for file clusteringeSAT Journals
Abstract In computer forensic investigation, thousands of files are usually surveyed. Much of the data in those files consists of formless manuscript, whose investigation by computer examiners is very tough to accomplish. Clustering is the unverified organization of designs that is data items, remarks, or feature vectors into groups (clusters). To find a noble clarification for this automated method of analysis are of great interest. In particular, algorithms such as K-means, K-medoids, Single Link, Complete Link and Average Link can simplify the detection of new and valuable information from the documents under investigation. This paper is going to present an tactic that applies text clustering algorithms to forensic examination of computers seized in police investigations using multithreading technique for data clustering. Keywords- Clustering, forensic computing, text mining, multithreading.
Inference Networks for Molecular Database Similarity SearchingCSCJournals
Molecular similarity searching is a process to find chemical compounds that are similar to a target compound. The concept of molecular similarity play an important role in modern computer aided drug design methods, and has been successfully applied in the optimization of lead series. It is used for chemical database searching and design of combinatorial libraries. In this paper, we explore the possibility and effectiveness of using Inference Bayesian network for similarity searching. The topology of the network represents the dependence relationships between molecular descriptors and molecules as well as the quantitative knowledge of probabilities encoding the strength of these relationships, mined from our compound collection. The retrieve of an active compound to a given target structure is obtained by means of an inference process through a network of dependences. The new approach is tested by its ability to retrieve seven sets of active molecules seeded in the MDDR. Our empirical results suggest that similarity method based on Bayesian networks provide a promising and encouraging alternative to existing similarity searching methods.
A Topic map-based ontology IR system versus Clustering-based IR System: A Com...tmra
Due to the increasing amount and complexity of digital resources, there are several critical issues that arise in digital environments such as ill-structured and poor management of digital information. Different information organization approaches have been used to address these issues. In particular, Semantic Web has been explored for 10 years; however there are not many practical applications. This is in part due to the fact that much attention has been given to the creation rather than the migration of existing data. In addition, the lack of guidelines for choosing the right migration approach, whether Topic Maps or Resource Description Framework (RDF), needs to be addressed. This paper presents a comparison of Semantic Web Data Models (Topic Maps and RDF), followed by an example of migration of existing metadata into ontology-based data for Semantic Web.
This paper proposes Natural language based Discourse Analysis method used for extracting
information from the news article of different domain. The Discourse analysis used the Rhetorical Structure
theory which is used to find coherent group of text which are most prominent for extracting information
from text. RST theory used the Nucleus- Satellite concept for finding most prominent text from the text
document. After Discourse analysis the text analysis has been done for extracting domain related object
and relates this object. For extracting the information knowledge based system has been used which
consist of domain dictionary .The domain dictionary has a bag of words for domain. The system is
evaluated according gold-of-art analysis and human decision for extracted information.
Hands on instructions for NITheCS August mini - school Rene Kotze
For all students participating in the NITheCS Mini-School (continuing tomorrow 17 August 2021) - please follow these simple instructions to setup the software environment for the hands-on session for tomorrow.
A PROPOSED MULTI-DOMAIN APPROACH FOR AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF TEXT DOCUMENTSijsc
Classification is an important technique used in information retrieval. Supervised classification suffers
from certain limitations concerning the collection and labeling of the training dataset. When facing Multi-
Domain classification, multiple training datasets and classifiers are needed which is relatively difficult. In
this paper an unsupervised classification system is proposed that can manage the Multi-Domain
classification problem as well. It is a multi-domain system where each domain represented by an ontology.
A document is mapped on each ontology based on the weights of the mutual tokens between them with the
help of fuzzy sets, resulting in a mapping degree of the document with each domain. An experiment carried
out showing satisfying classification results with an improvement in the evaluation results of the proposed
system compared to Apache Lucene.
Scholarly Communication for Bioinformatics StudentsPhilip Bourne
Presentation made to the incoming bioinformatics and systems biology students at UCSD on how they could get involved in changing scholarly communication. Given February 28, 2011
The classical or traditional information system provides answer after a user submits a complete query. It is even
noticed that presently, almost all the relational database systems rely on the query which has syntax and semantics
defined completely to access data. But often it is the case that we are willing to use vague terms in our query. The main
objective of database management system is to provide an environment that is both convenient and efficient for people
to use in storing and retrieving information. A recent trend of supporting auto complete is a first step to cope up with
this problem. We can have design of both classical and fuzzy database and can use effectively fuzzy queries on these
databases. Fuzzy databases are developed to manipulate the incomplete, unclear and vague data such as low, fast, very
high, about etc. The primary focus of fuzzy logic is on the natural language. This Paper provides the users the flexibility
or freedom to query database using natural language. Here this paper implements “interactive fuzzy search”. This
framework for interactive fuzzy search permits the user to explore the data as they type even in the presence of some
minor errors. This paper applies fuzzy queries on relational database so that it is possible to have the precise result as
well as the output for the uncertain terms we generally use based on some membership function
Extraction and Analysis of Publication Data of Conferences - ICACCE 2015Sohom Ghosh
Discovering critical nodes in social networks is crucial for comprehending the structural characteristics, connectivity
and importance of its presence in the network. In this paper,
we focus on detecting vital nodes which are part of multiple
dense sub-graphs and play a major role in connecting other
nodes thereby forming a global network. Here, we analyze the
data of some major data mining conferences to explore if there
exist some nodes which play a major role in submission and
acceptance of paper in those conferences. We try to figure out
the relationship between the Programme Committee members
and the authors and their co-authors. We look for the top authors
of these conferences. Furthermore, we mine the patterns in which
some authors’ and their co-authors’ papers are being accepted.
In order to understand the underlying dynamics of the network
over time we examine how these patterns change periodically and
with what factors. Lastly, we add to this a comparative study
stating the affiliation of authors and examine if local influence of
their ethnicity does exists with respect to continents where these
conferences are taking place.
A survey of heterogeneous information network analysisSOYEON KIM
A Survey of Heterogeneous Information Network Analysis
Chuan Shi, Member, IEEE,
Yitong Li, Jiawei Zhang, Yizhou Sun, Member, IEEE,
and Philip S. Yu, Fellow, IEEE
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING, 2015
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Elevating forensic investigation system for file clusteringeSAT Journals
Abstract In computer forensic investigation, thousands of files are usually surveyed. Much of the data in those files consists of formless manuscript, whose investigation by computer examiners is very tough to accomplish. Clustering is the unverified organization of designs that is data items, remarks, or feature vectors into groups (clusters). To find a noble clarification for this automated method of analysis are of great interest. In particular, algorithms such as K-means, K-medoids, Single Link, Complete Link and Average Link can simplify the detection of new and valuable information from the documents under investigation. This paper is going to present an tactic that applies text clustering algorithms to forensic examination of computers seized in police investigations using multithreading technique for data clustering. Keywords- Clustering, forensic computing, text mining, multithreading.
Inference Networks for Molecular Database Similarity SearchingCSCJournals
Molecular similarity searching is a process to find chemical compounds that are similar to a target compound. The concept of molecular similarity play an important role in modern computer aided drug design methods, and has been successfully applied in the optimization of lead series. It is used for chemical database searching and design of combinatorial libraries. In this paper, we explore the possibility and effectiveness of using Inference Bayesian network for similarity searching. The topology of the network represents the dependence relationships between molecular descriptors and molecules as well as the quantitative knowledge of probabilities encoding the strength of these relationships, mined from our compound collection. The retrieve of an active compound to a given target structure is obtained by means of an inference process through a network of dependences. The new approach is tested by its ability to retrieve seven sets of active molecules seeded in the MDDR. Our empirical results suggest that similarity method based on Bayesian networks provide a promising and encouraging alternative to existing similarity searching methods.
A Topic map-based ontology IR system versus Clustering-based IR System: A Com...tmra
Due to the increasing amount and complexity of digital resources, there are several critical issues that arise in digital environments such as ill-structured and poor management of digital information. Different information organization approaches have been used to address these issues. In particular, Semantic Web has been explored for 10 years; however there are not many practical applications. This is in part due to the fact that much attention has been given to the creation rather than the migration of existing data. In addition, the lack of guidelines for choosing the right migration approach, whether Topic Maps or Resource Description Framework (RDF), needs to be addressed. This paper presents a comparison of Semantic Web Data Models (Topic Maps and RDF), followed by an example of migration of existing metadata into ontology-based data for Semantic Web.
This paper proposes Natural language based Discourse Analysis method used for extracting
information from the news article of different domain. The Discourse analysis used the Rhetorical Structure
theory which is used to find coherent group of text which are most prominent for extracting information
from text. RST theory used the Nucleus- Satellite concept for finding most prominent text from the text
document. After Discourse analysis the text analysis has been done for extracting domain related object
and relates this object. For extracting the information knowledge based system has been used which
consist of domain dictionary .The domain dictionary has a bag of words for domain. The system is
evaluated according gold-of-art analysis and human decision for extracted information.
Hands on instructions for NITheCS August mini - school Rene Kotze
For all students participating in the NITheCS Mini-School (continuing tomorrow 17 August 2021) - please follow these simple instructions to setup the software environment for the hands-on session for tomorrow.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
The increased availability of biomedical data, particularly in the public domain, offers the opportunity to better understand human health and to develop effective therapeutics for a wide range of unmet medical needs. However, data scientists remain stymied by the fact that data remain hard to find and to productively reuse because data and their metadata i) are wholly inaccessible, ii) are in non-standard or incompatible representations, iii) do not conform to community standards, and iv) have unclear or highly restricted terms and conditions that preclude legitimate reuse. These limitations require a rethink on data can be made machine and AI-ready - the key motivation behind the FAIR Guiding Principles. Concurrently, while recent efforts have explored the use of deep learning to fuse disparate data into predictive models for a wide range of biomedical applications, these models often fail even when the correct answer is already known, and fail to explain individual predictions in terms that data scientists can appreciate. These limitations suggest that new methods to produce practical artificial intelligence are still needed.
In this talk, I will discuss our work in (1) building an integrative knowledge infrastructure to prepare FAIR and "AI-ready" data and services along with (2) neurosymbolic AI methods to improve the quality of predictions and to generate plausible explanations. Attention is given to standards, platforms, and methods to wrangle knowledge into simple, but effective semantic and latent representations, and to make these available into standards-compliant and discoverable interfaces that can be used in model building, validation, and explanation. Our work, and those of others in the field, creates a baseline for building trustworthy and easy to deploy AI models in biomedicine.
Bio
Dr. Michel Dumontier is the Distinguished Professor of Data Science at Maastricht University, founder and executive director of the Institute of Data Science, and co-founder of the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles. His research explores socio-technological approaches for responsible discovery science, which includes collaborative multi-modal knowledge graphs, privacy-preserving distributed data mining, and AI methods for drug discovery and personalized medicine. His work is supported through the Dutch National Research Agenda, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, Horizon Europe, the European Open Science Cloud, the US National Institutes of Health, and a Marie-Curie Innovative Training Network. He is the editor-in-chief for the journal Data Science and is internationally recognized for his contributions in bioinformatics, biomedical informatics, and semantic technologies including ontologies and linked data.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Postdoctoral associate ad university of minnesota fernandes birol
1. The School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Minnesota invites applications for a
postdoc position in theoretical condensed matter physics. The research of the candidate will be
co-supervised by Prof. Rafael Fernandes and Prof. Turan Birol, and will be on combined first
principles and analytical studies of electrostatically gated quantum materials. Experience with
first principles methods such as Density Functional Theory (DFT) or DFT+Dynamical Mean
Field Theory is preferable but is not required. The position will be within the university's
Materials Research Science and Engineering Center (MRSEC), and as such will involve
collaborations with experimental groups. More information about the MRSEC can be found
at http://www.mrsec.umn.edu.
Candidates with a PhD degree in physics or related fields are encouraged to apply. The position
is expected to last for up to two years. Please apply online
at: https://hr.myu.umn.edu/jobs/ext/337334 (Job ID 337334). The application consists of a single
pdf file containing a cover letter, a curriculum vitae, a brief research statement, and the names
and complete contact information for three references. Please arrange for three letters of
reference to be sent by email to Julie Murphy (jjmurphy@umn.edu). Review of applications will
begin immediately and continue until the position is filled.
The University of Minnesota shall provide equal access to and opportunity in its programs, facilities,
and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin, gender, age, marital
status, familial status, disability, public assistance status, membership or activity in a local commission
created for the purpose of dealing with discrimination, veteran status, sexual orientation, gender
identity, or gender expression.