The wartime experiences of Catholic leaders like Pope Pius XII, Pope John XXIII, and Pope Paul VI influenced the decrees of the Second Vatican Council in the following ways:
They rejected anti-Semitism and forced baptism of Jews after witnessing Nazi persecution. They embraced religious liberty and realized democracy protects the Church more than totalitarian regimes. Their experiences made them open the Church to dialogue with the modern world through Vatican II in a pastoral rather than condemnatory spirit.
The document discusses the Second Vatican Council and its debates around the liturgy and revelation. It summarizes key debates such as moving the Mass from Latin to local languages to encourage participation, emphasizing Scripture in addition to tradition, and giving more authority to local bishops. The council adopted principles of updating traditions for modern times while also returning to ancient sources, allowing local adaptation, and encouraging full participation of all people.
True and False Reform in the Church - Yves CongarJasterRogueII
This document is an introduction to Yves Congar's book "True and False Reform in the Church". It provides background on Congar and discusses some of the major themes and insights found in the book. The introduction notes that Congar's work lays out principles for authentic Catholic reform and had a significant influence on Vatican II. It also discusses how Congar suffered for his theological work but was later vindicated and recognized for his contributions to modernizing and updating the Church.
The document summarizes the spread of Protestantism across Europe beginning in the 15th century with Martin Luther and the printing press. Key events included Luther posting his 95 Theses in 1517, the Peasant Revolt of 1525, and the Peace of Augsburg in 1555 which recognized Lutheranism. John Calvin furthered Protestantism, establishing a theocracy in Geneva. The Thirty Years War broke out in 1618 between Catholic and Protestant states and devastated Europe. The 1648 Treaty of Westphalia ended the war and divided Europe along religious lines.
Art and Culture - Module 10 - Reformation and Counter-ReformationRandy Connolly
Tenth module for GNED 1201 (Aesthetic Experience and Ideas). This one mainly covers the Reformation and Counter-Reformation of the 16th and early 17th Century. It also covers aesthetic responses to the Reformation, especially Caravaggio and Bernini.
This course is a required general education course for all first-year students at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Canada. My version of the course is structured as a kind of Art History and Culture course. Some of the content overlaps with my other Gen Ed course.
The wartime experiences of Catholic leaders like Pope Pius XII, Pope John XXIII, and Pope Paul VI influenced the decrees of the Second Vatican Council in the following ways:
They rejected anti-Semitism and forced baptism of Jews after witnessing Nazi persecution. They embraced religious liberty and realized democracy protects the Church more than totalitarian regimes. Their experiences made them open the Church to dialogue with the modern world through Vatican II in a pastoral rather than condemnatory spirit.
The document discusses the Second Vatican Council and its debates around the liturgy and revelation. It summarizes key debates such as moving the Mass from Latin to local languages to encourage participation, emphasizing Scripture in addition to tradition, and giving more authority to local bishops. The council adopted principles of updating traditions for modern times while also returning to ancient sources, allowing local adaptation, and encouraging full participation of all people.
True and False Reform in the Church - Yves CongarJasterRogueII
This document is an introduction to Yves Congar's book "True and False Reform in the Church". It provides background on Congar and discusses some of the major themes and insights found in the book. The introduction notes that Congar's work lays out principles for authentic Catholic reform and had a significant influence on Vatican II. It also discusses how Congar suffered for his theological work but was later vindicated and recognized for his contributions to modernizing and updating the Church.
The document summarizes the spread of Protestantism across Europe beginning in the 15th century with Martin Luther and the printing press. Key events included Luther posting his 95 Theses in 1517, the Peasant Revolt of 1525, and the Peace of Augsburg in 1555 which recognized Lutheranism. John Calvin furthered Protestantism, establishing a theocracy in Geneva. The Thirty Years War broke out in 1618 between Catholic and Protestant states and devastated Europe. The 1648 Treaty of Westphalia ended the war and divided Europe along religious lines.
Art and Culture - Module 10 - Reformation and Counter-ReformationRandy Connolly
Tenth module for GNED 1201 (Aesthetic Experience and Ideas). This one mainly covers the Reformation and Counter-Reformation of the 16th and early 17th Century. It also covers aesthetic responses to the Reformation, especially Caravaggio and Bernini.
This course is a required general education course for all first-year students at Mount Royal University in Calgary, Canada. My version of the course is structured as a kind of Art History and Culture course. Some of the content overlaps with my other Gen Ed course.
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Pope John XXIII Opening Address to Vatican II, and Yves Congar, True and False Reform, Conclusion
1.
2. Today we will learn and reflect on Pope John XXIII address
opening the Second Vatican Council after reviewing Yves Congar’s
conclusion in his book, True and False Reform, reflecting on how
this book influenced the calling of the Council.
When Archbishop Angelo Roncalli, the future Pope John XXIII,
reflected on this book, he asked, “A reform of the church? Is such
a thing really possible?” When he decided to throw open the
windows of the Catholic Church to the modern world by calling
the Second Vatican Council, he did so not to denounce errors, but
to engage the world in a pastoral and loving manner, mirroring
much of what Yves Congar said in this book.
3. Historically, this urge for reform in the Catholic Church
grew out of the experience of believers surviving the
hostile fascist regimes of World War II, so we will reflect on
a short biography including the wartime experiences of
Pope John XXIII.
At the end of our talk, we will discuss the sources used for
this video. Feel free to follow along in the PowerPoint
script we uploaded to SlideShare. Please, we welcome
interesting questions in the comments. Let us learn and
reflect together!
6. This video starts with the summarizing conclusion of Yves Congar on True
and False Reform. Although this can be viewed as a stand-alone video, we
encourage you to view the videos on the first two parts of the book. The
first part strives to prepare the way for reform by reflecting on questions
such as the nature of the church and her sacraments, how the modern
church differs from the ancient church, and that true reform returns us to
the ancient traditions of the church.
8. The second part reflects on why some reformers
were truly successful, and why some reformers were
divisive. Most importantly, we reflect on how reforms
or exhortations should be shared in a pastoral
manner rather than hurling anathemas in a
condemning tone.
10. Luther Posting his 95 Theses in 1517, by Ferdinand Pauwels, painted 1872
Part 3. Endless Varieties of Protestantism
11. PART THREE: THE REFORMATION AND PROTESTANTISM: WITHDRAWN
IN SECOND EDITION. HOW CAN YOU EVEN DEFINE PROTESTANTISM?
This third part was likely a rather long section in the first
version of the book, but after the Second Vatican Council,
the second edition dropped this part entirely, leaving only
the heading. The decrees of Vatican II did emphasize that
the Catholic Church had much to learn from her separated
brethren, the Protestants. But Vatican II did abolish the
belief that Protestants could not be saved and were
subject to damnation if they did not convert to
Catholicism.
12. This section was likely dropped because there is an
endless variety of denominations in Protestantism.
Personally, I find it more useful to discuss
sacramental Christianity versus evangelical
Christianity rather than try to compare Catholicism
versus Protestantism. This is also problematic, as the
Protestant denominations are on a continuum
between sacramentalism and evangelicalism; some
denominations, like Methodism, are near the
middle.
14. CONCLUSION: PERSPECTIVES ON THE ATTITUDE TO
TAKE TOWARD CONCRETE REFORM INITIATIVES
Quite often the church is not open to reform
movements, and this is not all bad.
15. Yves Congar
states, “Before
all else, the
church has to
safeguard its
very being as
well as the
integrity of its
principles,” as
Scriptures
exhort, “Guard
what has been
entrusted to you.
(1 Tim 6:20)”
Conclusion
16. Yves Congar points out remarkable examples, such
as Pope Innocent III blessing the efforts of St
Francis, and Pope John XXIII opening the windows
of the church with the calling of Vatican II. These
occasions, and eras like the post-Trent centuries
showed an expansion of the church’s mission, and
he includes the post-World War I era following the
initiatives taken by Pope Pius IX, Pope Leo XIII, and
Pope Pius X.
18. Yves Congar reflects on the ministry
of St Francis of Assisi, “we cannot
find any criticism of the state of
affairs in the church or churchmen
in the writings of St Francis. Rather,
he expressed a deep respect for the
priesthood, the sacraments, and
the ceremonies of the church.”
St. Francis of Assisi, Philip Fruytiers, 1600's
19. Yves Congar also reflects on the
ministry of John Wesley, who “only
wanted to be a moral reformer, not
a reformer of abuses in the church.
If the official Anglican Church had
welcomed him rather than
victimizing him, he would have
never seceded from the Anglican
church. John Wesley created a
Methodist Church because the
sclerotic body of the established
church couldn’t find room for a
purely evangelistic ministry.”
Portrait of Wesley, by William Hamilton, 1788
20. Yves Congar reflects on Luther, who was
“violent and irritable. He knows this about
himself, but he thought that it was helping his
mission and that without it he would not
have achieved the work he had to do.” And
history does confirm that his take-no-
prisoners approach to theology did yield
results. Yves Congar continues, “Luther,
convinced that he was inspired, thought his
impulsiveness and violence were the work of
the Holy Spirit. He needed the violence to
excite him and stir him up. He himself said
that he stirred up up his courage by evoking
the abominations of the papacy.”
Luther at Erfurt, by Joseph Noel Paton, 1861.
22. The future Pope John XXIII was born Angelo Roncalli
to sharecropper parents in 1881 in Lombardy, Italy.
He was an excellent student, was ordained a priest,
and the church, seeing his potential, enrolled him in
the best papal colleges, and after graduation he
became a professor. He was a jovial priest, with many
friends, and a born diplomat, biographers describe
him as “benign, patient, full of mercy and goodness.”
During World War I he served as an army medic and
chaplain.
23. In the interwar years, Congar and Lubac were caught up in the
Modernist crisis, being forbidden to teach and watched closely.
Although he was a progressive, Roncalli was luckier, he chose not to be
outspoken, so he avoided academic persecution. His sermons criticized
aspects of the fascist regime in Italy; some scholars believe that was
part of the reason why he was promoted to the diplomatic corps to
represent the Vatican in Orthodox Bulgaria. He later was also
appointed Apostolic Delegate to Turkey and Greece and ordained as
archbishop of Bulgaria. Roncalli was skilled at symbolic gestures to
smooth his diplomacy, he allayed suspicions when he hung eastern-
style icons and introduced Turkish prayers in the mass held at Istanbul.
His outreaches to the Orthodox Church began in this period, and he
was involved in the ecumenical movement.
24. Pope John XXIII
Born to humble sharecroppers.
Medic in World War I.
Apostolic Delegate to Bulgaria,
then Turkey and Greece,
Saving many Jews as a
diplomat.
After the War, was appointed
Papal Nuncio to France.
25. The Vatican remained neutral during both World Wars.
Roncalli’s close relationship with Franz von Papen, German
ambassador to Turkey, helped save the lives of tens of
thousands of Jews, Dr Wikipedia lists how these Jews were
saved. Some of Papen’s associates had lost their lives in Hitler’s
purge, the Night of the Long Knives, Papen resigned as Vice
Chancellor and was exiled as ambassador to Turkey. Also,
during and after the war Roncalli sought to help POWs of both
sides. Shortly before the end of the war he was appointed
papal nuncio for France. Many of the French bishops who were
suspected of collaborating with the Nazis were forcibly retired,
this was a difficult assignment for Roncalli.
29. Papen and Hindenburg were elected along with
Hitler, they made the fatal mistake of believing they
could control and contain Hitler. These pictures give
us a sense of his estrangement from Hitler, which is
why Papen was willing to assist Roncalli in his efforts
to save the Jews.
30. Reichstag on 12 September 1932 –
Papen (stands, left) demands the floor,
ignored by Speaker Göring (right)
Papen with Hitler on 1 May 1933
31. These many experiences with the Jewish, Orthodox,
Muslim, and secular French communities gave Roncalli a
broad-minded view of the modern world. In 1952 he was
appointed Patriarch of Venice and was made a cardinal,
and in 1958 he was elected Pope John XXIII after the
death of the wartime Pope Pius XII. His broad-minded
experiences, and the sense that the Catholic Church was
out of step with the new world dominated by liberal
democracies, led him to call the Second Vatican Council
into session.
34. POPE JOHN XXIII ADDRESS OPENING THE SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL
Now we will reflect on Pope John XXIII opening
address for the Second Vatican Council, and the
themes it has in common with Yves Congar’s book,
True and False Reform.
35. Pope John Paul XXIII opens his speech with:
“A positive proof of the Catholic Church's
vitality is furnished by every single council
held in the long course of the centuries.”
“And now the Church must once more
reaffirm that teaching authority of hers which
never fails but will endure until the end of
time.”
This echoes Congar’s sentiments that true
reform must rediscover the ancient traditions
of the church, that the moral teachings never
change, but history itself does change, and
the church must change with history.
36. Informally, when asked who came up with the
idea to call the Council, Pope John XXIII always
credited the Holy Spirit. In this speech he declares,
“The decision to hold an ecumenical council came
to us in the first instance in a sudden flash of
inspiration. After he communicated this decision,”
“the response was immediate. It was as though
some ray of supernatural light had entered the
minds of all present: it was reflected in their faces;
it shone from their eyes. At once the world was
swept by a wave of enthusiasm, and men
everywhere began to wait eagerly for the
celebration of this Council.”
Heavenly and Earthly Trinities, by
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, 1682
37. There was indeed a groundswell of enthusiasm from the bishops
about this council, many thought that the Catholic Church was
on the wrong side of history. The conservative cardinals in the
Curia sought a council that would rubber-stamp the decrees
drafted by the Preparatory Commission, but that expectation
was quickly dashed when the bishops, when they met in council,
enthusiastically debated the decrees, insisting on rewriting most
of them from scratch, eagerly attending lectures on the new
theology by Yves Congar and Henri de Lubac, and other
theologians, including the close associates Joseph Ratzinger and
Hans Kung.
38. A procession of
Cardinals enters St.
Peter's in Rome,
opening the Second
Vatican Council.
Painting by Franklin
McMahon
39.
40. Pope John XXIII declared that rather than
dwell and be depressed over the many
challenges facing the church, that instead
there was “A Basis For Optimism.”
“Present indications are that the human
family is on the threshold of a new era.
We must recognize here the hand of God,
who, as the years roll by, is ever directing
men’s efforts, whether they realize it or
not, towards the fulfillment of the
inscrutable designs of His providence,
wisely arranging everything, even adverse
human fortune, for the Church's good.”
41. Much of Catholic ecclesiology had developed over
the millennia assuming the existence of monarchial
Catholic states that would support and promote the
Catholic faith, though this ideal had been
compromised by events like the French Revolution,
which led the church to believe that democracy was
the enemy of the church, and the Protestant
Reformation. Then came the unfortunate experience
of the martyrdom of millions in the Communist
Revolution,
44. then the Spanish Civil War, where the communists
massacred the clergy, which deluded the church into
viewing fascism as a friend of the church. The fascist
dictator Mussolini, who negotiated the Lateran Treaty
with Pope Pius XI establishing Vatican City, was indeed a
friend of the church for close to two decades, until he
went full Nazi shortly before the start of World War II and
started persecuting the Jews. And many French bishops
and the Vichy regime officials collaborated with the Nazis.
And we know who won the war, the democracies of
America and England.
48. But many leading Catholic churchmen could not
stomach this enthusiasm for democracy and the love
of democracies for freedom of religion, their
memory was how the French Revolutionaries had
executed clerics and confiscated church properties
some centuries before. These debates on the
Vatican II Decree on Religious Freedom caused a
split in the church. The French Cardinal Lefebvre
formed the breakaway Society of Pope Pius X, which
has since reconciled an uneasy truce.
50. Perhaps it is with this history in mind that Pope
John XXIII, in this speech, says “if we are to
achieve God's purpose in our regard, we have a
twofold obligation: as citizens of earth, and as
citizens of heaven,” which calls for a “fresh
approach.”
Here the jovial optimism of Pope John XXIII
shines through, “What is needed at the present
time is a new enthusiasm, a new joy and serenity
of mind in the unreserved acceptance by all of
the entire Christian faith, without forfeiting that
accuracy and precision in its presentation which
characterized the proceedings of the Council of
Trent and the First Vatican Council.”
51. Specifically, our beloved pope emphasized that the
Second Vatican Council would not abrogate the
decrees of Tent, but would rather reaffirm the
decrees of Trent, and indeed, the Trent decrees are
cited often both in the Vatican II Decrees and in the
Catholic Catechism.
53. Pope John XXIII continues, “What is
needed, and what everyone
imbued with a truly Christian,
Catholic and apostolic spirit craves
today, is that this doctrine shall be
more widely known, more deeply
understood, and more penetrating
in its effects on men's moral lives.
What is needed is that this certain
and immutable doctrine, to which
the faithful owe obedience, be
studied afresh and reformulated in
contemporary terms.” El Buen Pastor, Vicent López Portaña, painted 1800
54. His speech also mirrors Congar when he speaks
of “the right way to suppress errors:” “Human
ideologies change. Successive generations give
rise to varying errors, and these often vanish as
quickly as they came, like mist before the sun.”
“The Church has always opposed these errors,
and often condemned them with the utmost
severity.” But a new PASTORAL APPROACH is
needed. “Today, however, Christ's Bride prefers
the balm of mercy to the arm of severity. She
believes that present needs are best served by
explaining more fully the purport of her
doctrines, rather than by publishing
condemnations.” And Vatican II restates much of
Catholic doctrine in a pastoral manner, this
pastoral approach was a major theme for Congar.
55. Pope John XXIII reaffirms the personal
dignity that is at the heart of the
Catholic Social Justice doctrine, “It is
more and more widely understood that
personal dignity and true self-realization
are of vital importance and worth every
effort to achieve.” Condemning fascist
and communist totalitarianism: “More
important still, experience has at long
last taught men that physical violence,
armed might, and political domination
are no help at all in providing a happy
solution to the serious problems which
affect them.” Pope John XXIII, by Giuseppe Frascaroli, 2014
56. The Catholic Church of Pope John XXIII
seeks to be “A Loving Mother,” “The
great desire, therefore, of the Catholic
Church in raising aloft at this Council the
torch of truth, is to show herself to the
world as the loving mother of all
mankind; gentle, patient, and full of
tenderness and sympathy for her
separated children,” referring to
Protestants and Orthodox, and he also
reaches out to “members of various non-
Christian religions.”
Iveron Theotokos, Iviron Monastery, Mount Athos, 900's
57. Pope John XXIII ends the speech,
“For with the opening of this
Council a new day is dawning on
the Church, bathing her in radiant
splendor. It is yet the dawn, but
the sun in its rising has already set
our hearts aglow. All around is the
fragrance of holiness and joy.”
The Resurrection, by Matthias
Grünewald, 1515
59. DISCUSSION OF THE SOURCES
We found True and False Reform to be very readable, but you need some patience
and dedication, Yves Congar was not writing for a mass audience, but was writing
for fellow priests and academics.
For our biography of Pope John XXIII, we listened to a series of lectures by Learn25,
formerly Now You Know Media.
We will also have a video exploring the wartime experiences of the leading
theologians in the Second Vatican Council, using as on of our sources, David
Kertzer’s books, the Pope and Mussolini, and the Pope at War, which draw from the
Vatican archives for Pope Pius XI and XII, among many other sources.
We also have a book review video on our sources for our videos on the history and
decrees of Vatican II.