my presentation describes about polycythemia vera

2. POLYCYTHEMIA

3.  Polycythemia is defined as an increase in both the
number of circulating erythrocytes and the
concentration of hemoglobin within the blood
 It is a stem cell disorder characterized by pan
hyperplastic, malignant and neoplastic marrow
disorder.

4. CLASSIFICATION
 Primary polycythemia or polycythemia vera
 Secondary polycythemia
 Relative polycythemia

5. POLYCYTHEMIA VERA
 Polycythemia Vera or primary polycythemia is a
proliferative disorder in which myeloid stem cells seem to
have escaped normal control mechanisms.
 Then bone marrow is hypercellular and the erythrocytes
leukocytes and platelet counts in the peripheral blood are
elevated however the erythrocytes elevation is
predominant and the
 Hematocrit can exceed 60%

6. ETIOLOGY
 Primary acquired or inherited genetic mutations
 secondary underlying medical problems
 chronic hypoxia
 peak incidence in the age group 50 to 70 years of age
 underlying causes unknown
 survival rate is ten to 20 years living in high altitudes

10.  IMAGING STUDIES:
 USG
 CT
 Which shows posteriorly enlarged spleen in obese
people

11. MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
 Permanent cure is un Available
 but remission for many years can be achieved
 the goals of care in polycythemia Vera are
 reduction of blood volume viscosity
 bone marrow activity
 these are accomplished through
 phlebotomy
 administration of myelosuppressive agents
 radiation therapy
 interferon alpha 2B

12. phlebotomy
 It is used to normalize red cell mass as quickly as possible it
involves removing enough blood to diminish the blood viscosity.
(initially 500 mill ones or twice a week)
 once normal hematocrit levels are reached subsequent phlebotomies
should be carried out frequently mostly monthly as necessary to
maintain the hematocrit level at about 45%
 iron deficiency will likely result due to this procedure

13. MYELOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS
 The myelosuppressive agent hydroxyurea is commonly
used in client over 50 years of age
 Radioactive phosphorus chlorambucil busulfan and
melfalan are also tried but not indicated for long term use
because of the increased incidence of acute leukemia after
15 years

14. RADIATION THERAPY
 Radiation therapy to reduce the production of red
blood cells in the marrow

15. Interferon Alpha
 Interferon Alpha 2b is the most effective treatment for
managing pruritus associated with polycythemia Vera