PARTY SYSTEM IN INDIA

1. BY:- NIHAR CHAVAN[1978]
STD:- 12 DIV:-E

3. Party system depends upon the
nature of competition and
interrelationship among the
parties. It is classified on the basis
of number of parties in the country
and also on the basis of number
of parties likely by to get power.

4. A SINGLE-PARTY STATE, ONE-PARTY STATE, ONE-PARTY
SYSTEM, OR SINGLE-PARTY SYSTEM IS A TYPE OF STATE
IN WHICH A SINGLE POLITICAL PARTY HAS THE RIGHT
TO FORM THE GOVERNMENT, USUALLY BASED ON THE
EXISTING CONSTITUTION. ALL OTHER PARTIES ARE
EITHER OUTLAWED OR ALLOWED TO TAKE ONLY A
LIMITED AND CONTROLLED PARTICIPATION IN
ELECTIONS. SOMETIMES THE TERM DE FACTO SINGLE-
PARTY STATE IS USED TO DESCRIBE A DOMINANT-
PARTY SYSTEM THAT, UNLIKE THE SINGLE-PARTY STATE,
ALLOWS (AT LEAST NOMINALLY) DEMOCRATIC
MULTIPARTY ELECTIONS, BUT THE EXISTING PRACTICES
OR BALANCE OF POLITICAL POWER EFFECTIVELY
PREVENT THE OPPOSITION FROM WINNING THE
ELECTIONS.

5.  Single-party states justify themselves through various
methods. Most often, proponents of a single-party state argue
that the existence of separate parties runs counter to national
unity. Others argue that the single party is the vanguard of the
people, and therefore its right to rule cannot be legitimately
questioned. The Marxist theory states that political parties
represent the interests, most of which, in a liberal system,
respond to the economic power and are part of the system
(the superstructure) where whoever wins there will be no
substantial changes, once abolished class distinctions no
place for the struggle for multiparty own economic interests,
however, an organization that is able to formulate national
policies and manage their reins to ensure the development of
socialism is necessary, this organization is the only party to be
the only existing single social class and the common interest
of progress

7. TWO PARTY SYSTEM
 A two-party system is a system where
two major political parties dominate politics within a
government. One of the two parties typically holds a
majority in the legislature and is usually referred to as
the majority party while the other is the minority party.
The term has different senses. For example, in
the United States, Jamaica, and Malta, the sense of two
party system describes an arrangement in which all or
nearly all elected officials only belong to one of the two
major parties, and third parties rarely win any seats in
the legislature. In such arrangements, two-party
systems are thought to result from various factors
like winner takes all election rules.

8.  In such systems, while chances for third
party candidates winning election to major national office
are remote, it is possible for groups within the larger
parties, or in opposition to one or both of them, to exert
influence on the two major parties.In contrast, in
the United Kingdom and in other parliamentary systems
and elsewhere, the term two-party system is sometimes
used to indicate an arrangement in which two major
parties dominate elections but in which there are viable
third parties which do win seats in the legislature, and in
which the two major parties exert proportionately greater
influence than their percentage of votes would suggest.

10.  A multi-party system is a system in which multiple
political parties across the political spectrum run for
national election, and all have a similar or equal
chance of gaining control of government offices,
separately or in coalition government. In the vast
majority of multi-party systems, numerous major
and minor political parties hold a serious chance of
receiving office, and because they all compete, a
majority may not control the legislature, forcing the
creation of a coalition.

11.  In some countries, every government ever formed since its
independence has been by means of a coalition. Multi-
party systems tend to be more common in parliamentary
systems than presidential systems, and far more common
in countries that use proportional representation compared
to countries that use first past the post elections. This is
because it is very rare for national consensus on political
issues apart from large issues such as national defence.
First past the post requires concentrated areas of support
for large representation in the Legislature whereas
proportional representation better reflects the range of a
population's views.
Brazil, Denmark, Finland, Germany, India, Indonesia, Irelan
d, Israel, Italy, Mexico, The Netherlands, New
Zealand, Norway,Pakistan, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Sou
thAfrica, Spain, SriLanka, Sweden, Taiwan and Philippines
are examples of nations that have used a multi-party
system effectively in their democracies.