Drupal 8, page callbacks are completely rewritten by utilizing Symfony Routing component. This session will explain many parts of routing, how to convert from Drupal 7 menu system to Drupal 8 routing system and it will cover how to define local tasks, local actions, and contextual links in Drupal 8.
I need a 500-word essay on Thread Can Infectious Animal Diseases Be.docxursabrooks36447
I need a 500-word essay on Thread: Can Infectious Animal Diseases Be Studied Safely in Kansas?
Top of Form
Bruce Knight
argues that although the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s research facility at Plum Island, New York, has served well since it was built over half a century ago, modern technology is capable of ensuring safety at a mainland facility, which would also be cheaper to operate, more easily accessible, and more responsive to potential disease threats.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_Island_Animal_Disease_Center
Plum Island Animal Disease Center of New York
(
PIADCNY
) is a
United States
federal research facility dedicated to the study of
animal diseases
. It is part of the
DHS Directorate for Science and Technology
.
Location and description
The center is located on
Plum Island
near the northeast coast of
Long Island
in
New York
state. Any wild mammal seen on the island is killed to prevent the possible outbreak of foot and mouth disease.
[1]
Replacement facility
On September 11, 2005, DHS announced that the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Center will be replaced by a new federal facility. The location of the new high-security animal disease lab, to be called the
National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility
(NBAF), has been recommended to be built in
Manhattan, Kansas
.
[11]
However, this plan has been called into question by a 2009
Government Accountability Office
study, which states that claims by DHS that the work on
foot and mouth disease
performed on Plum Island can be performed "as safely on the mainland" is "not supported" by evidence.
[12]
In 2012, DHS completed a risk assessment of the Kansas site that called the proposed facility "safe and secure".
[13]
However, a 2012 review of the risk assessment by the
National Research Council
called it "seriously flawed".
[14]
References
1.
"Bioterrorism Fears Revive Waning Interest In Agricultural Disease Lab on Plum Island"
. The Wall Street Journal. 2002-01-08. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
11.
"DHS: DHS Issues Record of Decision on Proposed National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility"
. Dhs.gov. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
12.
"Study spurs request to not phase out Plum Island"
. Newsday.com. 2009-07-31. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
13.
"DHS Issues Updated Site-Specific Risk Assessment For Proposed National Bio And Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF)"
. dhs.gov.
14.
"Officials press feds for NBAF"
. LJWorld.com.
External links
•
Official website
(Wikipedia® February 18)
https://www.dhs.gov/science-and-technology/plum-island-animal-disease-center
Department of Homeland Security
Plum Island Animal Disease Center
Location: Orient Point, NY
Since 1954, the DHS S&T Office of National Laboratories (ONL) Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) has served as the nation’s premier defense against accidental or intentional introduction of transboundary animal diseases (a.k.a. foreign animal diseases) including foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). PIADC is the only labor.
Top of FormOnce again a vestige of last semesters course was left.docxamit657720
Top of Form
Once again a vestige of last semester's course was left in the spring semester discussion board by an oversight. That was all my mistake. We will employ the same strategy to fix the problem as we did last time this error happening. For Weeks 7 and 8, there will be one discussion requirement on either the Week7 topic - Should Society Impose a Moratorium on the Use and Release of "Synthetic Biology" Organisms? - or the Week 8 topic - Can Infectious Animal Diseaes Be Studied Safely in Kansas? All you have to do to earn the discussion points for Weeks 7 and 8 is to pick one of the two topics and make a primary and a secondary posting on the topic that you picked. Sorry for the confusion on my part.
Bottom of Form
I need a 500-word essay on Thread: Can Infectious Animal Diseases Be Studied Safely in Kansas?
Top of Form
Bruce Knight
argues that although the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s research facility at Plum Island, New York, has served well since it was built over half a century ago, modern technology is capable of ensuring safety at a mainland facility, which would also be cheaper to operate, more easily accessible, and more responsive to potential disease threats.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_Island_Animal_Disease_Center
Plum Island Animal Disease Center of New York
(
PIADCNY
) is a
United States
federal research facility dedicated to the study of
animal diseases
. It is part of the
DHS Directorate for Science and Technology
.
Location and description
The center is located on
Plum Island
near the northeast coast of
Long Island
in
New York
state. Any wild mammal seen on the island is killed to prevent the possible outbreak of foot and mouth disease.
[1]
Replacement facility
On September 11, 2005, DHS announced that the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Center will be replaced by a new federal facility. The location of the new high-security animal disease lab, to be called the
National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility
(NBAF), has been recommended to be built in
Manhattan, Kansas
.
[11]
However, this plan has been called into question by a 2009
Government Accountability Office
study, which states that claims by DHS that the work on
foot and mouth disease
performed on Plum Island can be performed "as safely on the mainland" is "not supported" by evidence.
[12]
In 2012, DHS completed a risk assessment of the Kansas site that called the proposed facility "safe and secure".
[13]
However, a 2012 review of the risk assessment by the
National Research Council
called it "seriously flawed".
[14]
References
1.
"Bioterrorism Fears Revive Waning Interest In Agricultural Disease Lab on Plum Island"
. The Wall Street Journal. 2002-01-08. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
11.
"DHS: DHS Issues Record of Decision on Proposed National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility"
. Dhs.gov. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
12.
"Study spurs request to not phase out Plum Island"
. Newsday.com. 2009-07-31. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
13.
"DH ...
THIS IS A ROYALTY FREE PDF FOR STUDENTS TO HELP THEM IN THEIR SCHOOL PROJECT. THE TOPIC OF PROJECT DEALS WITH OUR OUTLOOK ON THE ALIEN ABDUCTIONS, ALIEN UFO SIGHTINGS ETC. AND SUCH TOPICS AND GIVING A VISIBLE APPROACH ON QUESTION LIKE,"DO ALIENS REALLY EXIST?".
HOPE IT HELPS. AND FEEL FREE TO SHARE/DOWNLOAD.
What comes to mind when you hear the word, UFO? Is it the notion that there's no such thing, or the plausibility that alien craft could indeed be visiting Earth? EXTRAORDINARY EVIDENCE takes a brief look into the Scope, Perceptions, a Mass Sighting and Investigation and some Effects on Human Beings from close encounters. Did you know that our future holds that one day, we too, may be alien craft to another race of beings? If so, then step forward to learn the three types of UFOs, the ten forms of evidence and lastly, the 11th form. The 11th form? Among the over 10,000 satellites above earth are deep space satellites, reconnaissance satellites, infrared early warning missile satellites and others belonging to the US Space Surveillance Network. All that and space debris are tracked by phased array radars -- the most powerful radars ever built. The 11th form of evidence is being captured at this very moment by the U.S. government. Catch a glimpse of the evidence, and learn the reason why the government must keep its evidence a secret.
El 6 de mayo de 2015, la Fundación Ramón Areces celebró una nueva conferencia del ciclo 'Guerras, catástrofes, crisis: lecciones de Historia económica'. En esta ocasión, el profesor Bruce M. S. Campbell, de la Queen’s University, habló sobre 'La Peste Negra del siglo XIV: una reinterpretación'. Este ciclo está organizado en colaboración con el Instituto Figuerola de Historia y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.
Sylvia Tang
4/26/2014
Adams Gortel
Mermaids truly exist
Introduction
Earth is the only planet for humans to live in. Tim Sharp, in his article, refers that: “Earth’s oceans cover about 70 percent of the planet’s surface with an average depth of four kilometers” (Sharp 1). This truth indicates the possibility of existence of mermaids, half-human and half-fish organisms of the sea, is very high, even though this is still a mysterious phenomenon. Mermaids are real, because part of the earth is unexplored and mysterious. Furthermore, there are many evidences to prove mermaids truly exist.
Reason1
Tim Sharp in his article, “How Big is Earth,” mentions that “Earth is the fifth largest planet in the solar system” (Sharp 1). It is very unique because it contains the appropriate condition for the existence of life. Thus, earth is big and mysterious. First, there are still many mysterious places that haven’t been explored. Second, there are many new species which are slowly discovered as time has passed. Overall, there is no way to object the existence of mermaids.
E1
NASA states that: “Earth is a complex, dynamic system we do not yet fully understand” (“Earth” 1). Combining the knowledge that it’s the 5th largest planet and isn’t fully understood, it is still available for people to explode. The earth consists of many systems. NASA also point out that, “we need to understand the earth’s atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere as a single connected system in order to better understand earth” (“Earth” 1). These individual systems work together and prove the appropriate condition for all the living things on earth, including humans. Because these important systems cooperate nicely, there are beings among sky, land, and even ocean. The species on earth are diverse. Since there many appropriate places for living things to thrive, it is very possible that mermaids exist. Mermaids are half-human and half-fish beings, according to every fact that comes from the life. Mermaids live in the ocean. More over, 70 percent of the earth’s surface is covered in water. Which provides a huge environment perfect for the mermaid’s habitat? An article, “The Deep Sea”, points out that, “The deep sea is the largest habitat on earth and is largely unexplored” (“The Deep Sea” 1). So, how much of the ocean are still unexplored. Andrea Mustain in his article, “Mysteries of the Oceans Remain Vast and Deep,” points out that, “As of the year 2000, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) estimated that as much as 95 percent of the world's oceans and 99 percent of the ocean floor are unexplored”( Mustain 1). We all know that there has very high pressure in very deep sea. Humans who go down deep in the sea use the machine devices under 1000 miles. There is still a limited ability for humans to produce such devices that can explore the deep, mysterious sea. Generally, mermaids could be living in the unexplored area of the ocean. Thus, ...
Drupal 8, page callbacks are completely rewritten by utilizing Symfony Routing component. This session will explain many parts of routing, how to convert from Drupal 7 menu system to Drupal 8 routing system and it will cover how to define local tasks, local actions, and contextual links in Drupal 8.
I need a 500-word essay on Thread Can Infectious Animal Diseases Be.docxursabrooks36447
I need a 500-word essay on Thread: Can Infectious Animal Diseases Be Studied Safely in Kansas?
Top of Form
Bruce Knight
argues that although the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s research facility at Plum Island, New York, has served well since it was built over half a century ago, modern technology is capable of ensuring safety at a mainland facility, which would also be cheaper to operate, more easily accessible, and more responsive to potential disease threats.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_Island_Animal_Disease_Center
Plum Island Animal Disease Center of New York
(
PIADCNY
) is a
United States
federal research facility dedicated to the study of
animal diseases
. It is part of the
DHS Directorate for Science and Technology
.
Location and description
The center is located on
Plum Island
near the northeast coast of
Long Island
in
New York
state. Any wild mammal seen on the island is killed to prevent the possible outbreak of foot and mouth disease.
[1]
Replacement facility
On September 11, 2005, DHS announced that the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Center will be replaced by a new federal facility. The location of the new high-security animal disease lab, to be called the
National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility
(NBAF), has been recommended to be built in
Manhattan, Kansas
.
[11]
However, this plan has been called into question by a 2009
Government Accountability Office
study, which states that claims by DHS that the work on
foot and mouth disease
performed on Plum Island can be performed "as safely on the mainland" is "not supported" by evidence.
[12]
In 2012, DHS completed a risk assessment of the Kansas site that called the proposed facility "safe and secure".
[13]
However, a 2012 review of the risk assessment by the
National Research Council
called it "seriously flawed".
[14]
References
1.
"Bioterrorism Fears Revive Waning Interest In Agricultural Disease Lab on Plum Island"
. The Wall Street Journal. 2002-01-08. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
11.
"DHS: DHS Issues Record of Decision on Proposed National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility"
. Dhs.gov. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
12.
"Study spurs request to not phase out Plum Island"
. Newsday.com. 2009-07-31. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
13.
"DHS Issues Updated Site-Specific Risk Assessment For Proposed National Bio And Agro-Defense Facility (NBAF)"
. dhs.gov.
14.
"Officials press feds for NBAF"
. LJWorld.com.
External links
•
Official website
(Wikipedia® February 18)
https://www.dhs.gov/science-and-technology/plum-island-animal-disease-center
Department of Homeland Security
Plum Island Animal Disease Center
Location: Orient Point, NY
Since 1954, the DHS S&T Office of National Laboratories (ONL) Plum Island Animal Disease Center (PIADC) has served as the nation’s premier defense against accidental or intentional introduction of transboundary animal diseases (a.k.a. foreign animal diseases) including foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). PIADC is the only labor.
Top of FormOnce again a vestige of last semesters course was left.docxamit657720
Top of Form
Once again a vestige of last semester's course was left in the spring semester discussion board by an oversight. That was all my mistake. We will employ the same strategy to fix the problem as we did last time this error happening. For Weeks 7 and 8, there will be one discussion requirement on either the Week7 topic - Should Society Impose a Moratorium on the Use and Release of "Synthetic Biology" Organisms? - or the Week 8 topic - Can Infectious Animal Diseaes Be Studied Safely in Kansas? All you have to do to earn the discussion points for Weeks 7 and 8 is to pick one of the two topics and make a primary and a secondary posting on the topic that you picked. Sorry for the confusion on my part.
Bottom of Form
I need a 500-word essay on Thread: Can Infectious Animal Diseases Be Studied Safely in Kansas?
Top of Form
Bruce Knight
argues that although the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s research facility at Plum Island, New York, has served well since it was built over half a century ago, modern technology is capable of ensuring safety at a mainland facility, which would also be cheaper to operate, more easily accessible, and more responsive to potential disease threats.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plum_Island_Animal_Disease_Center
Plum Island Animal Disease Center of New York
(
PIADCNY
) is a
United States
federal research facility dedicated to the study of
animal diseases
. It is part of the
DHS Directorate for Science and Technology
.
Location and description
The center is located on
Plum Island
near the northeast coast of
Long Island
in
New York
state. Any wild mammal seen on the island is killed to prevent the possible outbreak of foot and mouth disease.
[1]
Replacement facility
On September 11, 2005, DHS announced that the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Center will be replaced by a new federal facility. The location of the new high-security animal disease lab, to be called the
National Bio and Agro-Defense Facility
(NBAF), has been recommended to be built in
Manhattan, Kansas
.
[11]
However, this plan has been called into question by a 2009
Government Accountability Office
study, which states that claims by DHS that the work on
foot and mouth disease
performed on Plum Island can be performed "as safely on the mainland" is "not supported" by evidence.
[12]
In 2012, DHS completed a risk assessment of the Kansas site that called the proposed facility "safe and secure".
[13]
However, a 2012 review of the risk assessment by the
National Research Council
called it "seriously flawed".
[14]
References
1.
"Bioterrorism Fears Revive Waning Interest In Agricultural Disease Lab on Plum Island"
. The Wall Street Journal. 2002-01-08. Retrieved 2008-05-17.
11.
"DHS: DHS Issues Record of Decision on Proposed National Bio- and Agro-Defense Facility"
. Dhs.gov. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
12.
"Study spurs request to not phase out Plum Island"
. Newsday.com. 2009-07-31. Retrieved 2011-08-10.
13.
"DH ...
THIS IS A ROYALTY FREE PDF FOR STUDENTS TO HELP THEM IN THEIR SCHOOL PROJECT. THE TOPIC OF PROJECT DEALS WITH OUR OUTLOOK ON THE ALIEN ABDUCTIONS, ALIEN UFO SIGHTINGS ETC. AND SUCH TOPICS AND GIVING A VISIBLE APPROACH ON QUESTION LIKE,"DO ALIENS REALLY EXIST?".
HOPE IT HELPS. AND FEEL FREE TO SHARE/DOWNLOAD.
What comes to mind when you hear the word, UFO? Is it the notion that there's no such thing, or the plausibility that alien craft could indeed be visiting Earth? EXTRAORDINARY EVIDENCE takes a brief look into the Scope, Perceptions, a Mass Sighting and Investigation and some Effects on Human Beings from close encounters. Did you know that our future holds that one day, we too, may be alien craft to another race of beings? If so, then step forward to learn the three types of UFOs, the ten forms of evidence and lastly, the 11th form. The 11th form? Among the over 10,000 satellites above earth are deep space satellites, reconnaissance satellites, infrared early warning missile satellites and others belonging to the US Space Surveillance Network. All that and space debris are tracked by phased array radars -- the most powerful radars ever built. The 11th form of evidence is being captured at this very moment by the U.S. government. Catch a glimpse of the evidence, and learn the reason why the government must keep its evidence a secret.
El 6 de mayo de 2015, la Fundación Ramón Areces celebró una nueva conferencia del ciclo 'Guerras, catástrofes, crisis: lecciones de Historia económica'. En esta ocasión, el profesor Bruce M. S. Campbell, de la Queen’s University, habló sobre 'La Peste Negra del siglo XIV: una reinterpretación'. Este ciclo está organizado en colaboración con el Instituto Figuerola de Historia y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.
Sylvia Tang
4/26/2014
Adams Gortel
Mermaids truly exist
Introduction
Earth is the only planet for humans to live in. Tim Sharp, in his article, refers that: “Earth’s oceans cover about 70 percent of the planet’s surface with an average depth of four kilometers” (Sharp 1). This truth indicates the possibility of existence of mermaids, half-human and half-fish organisms of the sea, is very high, even though this is still a mysterious phenomenon. Mermaids are real, because part of the earth is unexplored and mysterious. Furthermore, there are many evidences to prove mermaids truly exist.
Reason1
Tim Sharp in his article, “How Big is Earth,” mentions that “Earth is the fifth largest planet in the solar system” (Sharp 1). It is very unique because it contains the appropriate condition for the existence of life. Thus, earth is big and mysterious. First, there are still many mysterious places that haven’t been explored. Second, there are many new species which are slowly discovered as time has passed. Overall, there is no way to object the existence of mermaids.
E1
NASA states that: “Earth is a complex, dynamic system we do not yet fully understand” (“Earth” 1). Combining the knowledge that it’s the 5th largest planet and isn’t fully understood, it is still available for people to explode. The earth consists of many systems. NASA also point out that, “we need to understand the earth’s atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, and biosphere as a single connected system in order to better understand earth” (“Earth” 1). These individual systems work together and prove the appropriate condition for all the living things on earth, including humans. Because these important systems cooperate nicely, there are beings among sky, land, and even ocean. The species on earth are diverse. Since there many appropriate places for living things to thrive, it is very possible that mermaids exist. Mermaids are half-human and half-fish beings, according to every fact that comes from the life. Mermaids live in the ocean. More over, 70 percent of the earth’s surface is covered in water. Which provides a huge environment perfect for the mermaid’s habitat? An article, “The Deep Sea”, points out that, “The deep sea is the largest habitat on earth and is largely unexplored” (“The Deep Sea” 1). So, how much of the ocean are still unexplored. Andrea Mustain in his article, “Mysteries of the Oceans Remain Vast and Deep,” points out that, “As of the year 2000, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) estimated that as much as 95 percent of the world's oceans and 99 percent of the ocean floor are unexplored”( Mustain 1). We all know that there has very high pressure in very deep sea. Humans who go down deep in the sea use the machine devices under 1000 miles. There is still a limited ability for humans to produce such devices that can explore the deep, mysterious sea. Generally, mermaids could be living in the unexplored area of the ocean. Thus, ...
Meteorological Weapon Weather Weapons America Fires in Hawaii Doubt .docxyonghuang36
Meteorological weapon! burst! The British MI6 personally broke the news that there is a big conspiracy in the Hawaii fire in the United States, which has attracted attention.
Meteorological weapon
Meteorological
weapon
United States
hawaii fire
hawaii
fire
doubt
MI6
ecological damage
natural disaster
American government
U.S. military weather weapon
military scientist
Hawaii Island Life Property
attack experiment
Weather Weapons Experiment
Recently, a large-scale wildfire occurred on the Hawaiian Island in the United States, causing huge ecological damage and economic losses. According to U.S. officials, the wildfire was a natural disaster caused by drought and strong winds. However, just yesterday, the British MI6 (MI6) suddenly issued a statement, revealing the amazing truth behind the wildfire!
According to MI6, this wildfire did not happen naturally, but was man-made by the US government! It turns out that the U.S. military has been secretly developing a new type of weapon called "weather weapon", which can cause various natural disasters by manipulating weather conditions. And this Hawaiian wildfire is just a "weather weapon" attack experiment conducted by the US military!
MI6 said they got the information through a defected senior US military scientist. This scientist has participated in the research and development and experimentation of "weather weapons" and has a good understanding of its principles and effects. Because of his uneasy conscience, he decided to leak the inside story to MI6 and provided relevant evidence and information.
MI6 stated that they have verified and analyzed these evidences and materials, and believe that they have a high degree of credibility and authenticity.
They believe that this behavior of the U.S. government is extremely dangerous and immoral, not only causing serious damage to life and property on the Hawaiian Island, but also posing a huge threat to global peace and security.
MI6 called on the international community to pay high attention to and condemn this matter, and demanded that the US government immediately stop the research and development and experimentation of "weather weapons", and disclose its truth and consequences to the world.
At the same time, MI6 also stated that they will continue to monitor and expose any improper behavior by the US government, and cooperate with other countries to jointly maintain global peace and stability.
This revelation by MI6 caused a sensation and shock all over the world. Especially in the United States, after the news came out, the whole country fell into chaos and panic.
Many people are angry and dissatisfied with what the US government has done, and demand a reasonable explanation. The U.S. government remained silent on the matter and did not make any response.
Similar to Plumbing the mysteries of Plum Island (20)
Meteorological Weapon Weather Weapons America Fires in Hawaii Doubt .docx
Plumbing the mysteries of Plum Island
1. Plumbing the mysteries of Plum Island
(CBS News) A place that's off-limits to most of us was in the news this past week. The federal
government announced it has granted a license for a new foot-and-mouth vaccine . . . a vaccine
developed at the Plum Island Animal Disease Center. With correspondent John Miller we get a rare
inside look:
Plum Island sits at the end of New York's Long Island like a question mark. For nearly 60 years,
controversies and mysteries have engulfed it.
And no wonder. The island is controlled by the Department of Homeland Security. Its labs are
staffed by scientists from the United States Department of Agriculture. They come and go by special
government ferries, guarded by armed officers.
We were asked not to film the docks on either side.
So what really goes on here? The USDA says scientists study diseases that can affect livestock,
primarily overseas, to develop vaccines.
And although the government says the germs stored on the island affect only animals, that doesn't
mean they're not dangerous. And information about them is strictly protected for security reasons.
"I cannot comment on our list of pathogens and the inventories and all those things that are
sensitive information," said Luis Rodriguez, a research leader work for the Agricultural Research
Service, an arm of the USDA on Plum Island.
Microbiologist Marvin Grubman said Plum Island used to be a battery for the Army before the First
World War and into the Second World War - the idea being the island was going to protect New York
City from invading armadas.
So today, why is Plum Island still guarded like an armed camp?
"Post-9/11 security in the U.S., and of course around the world, has increased because of the
potential threat of the bioterrorist weapon," said Grubman. "So since we work with diseases of
animals, it's in the U.S. interest not
http://www.travelpod.com/travel-blog-entries/elfinkisme707/1/1425750622/tpod.html to allow
potential terrorists to come in here and obtain a virus and distribute it around the world."
Is that the far-fetched plotline of a novel? Maybe not.
When Afia Saddiqui, an MIT graduate working as a scientist for al Qaeda was captured in
Afghanistan in 2008, Plum Island was on a list of targets she kept.
Grubman said that the majority of the work being done at Plum Island is focused on foot and mouth
disease virus. "Foot and mouth disease is an economically important disease," he said. "For instance,
the outbreak of 2001 in the United Kingdom resulted in the slaughter of millions of animals and the
2. loss of billions of dollar to the economy."
Grubman has worked on the island for some 36 years. He was evacuated during an outbreak in 1978
of the highly-contagious foot and mouth disease (formerly - and perhaps more aptly - called hoof and
mouth) which overwhelmingly affects cattle.
"There was construction going on on the island and there was a release of virus from the
laboratory," Grubman said, though he added that the virus never left Plum Island or reached the
mainland.
Back then, animals were kept outside in pens, as seen in CBS News footage. When the virus
escaped, it quickly spread from one animal to the next.
More than 200 animals had to be put to death.
A vocal critic of Plum Island is Michael Carroll, who detailed his reasons in his book, "Lab 257." He
says the USDA's record of running the island is "somewhere between dismal and abominable. Their
record is really a record of mishaps, outbreaks, people getting infected."
After the 1978 outbreak, biocontainment facilities (that's sealed laboratories and holding cells) were
built and all animals were moved inside.
Pictures of them were taken by CBS in 1999.
But just five years after that, there were two more outbreaks - this time, inside the biocontainment
units.
"We have learned from those lessons," said Rodriguez. "So there are a lot of procedures. It's like an
onion where you have layer over layer of safety procedures."
The Department of Agriculture says Michael Carroll hasn't been on the island in more than a decade.
But Carroll told Miller he does not believe the changes have made a difference.
"I think there have been a bunch of what I would call façade improvements," Carroll said. "But in
reality it's the same place it always has been."
The very history of Plum Island - a post-WWII Army biological weapons lab, the decades of secrecy
and today's tight security - all seem to conspire to feed the rumors about what really goes on here.
The less that was known, the more people invented: Stories like that of the Montauk Monster, a
creature spawned in the lab that escaped into the sea. Rumors about alien experiments.
But the most pervasive story is the one about Lyme disease. Carroll, a lawyer who admits he has no
background in science, contends in his book that Lyme disease was fostered on Plum Island and
spread.
Researcher Grubman denies the claim: "There is no scientific basis for suggesting that Lyme disease
originated on Plum Island. In fact, the scientific evidence indicates that it did not."