PLC – INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION.pptx

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION- PLC
Learner’s basic

Welcome to all
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Knowledge Downloadable
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INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
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 Automation is used to describe a broad array of processes, products
and systems working together to automate manufacturing.
 In the broader sense, it includes elements like robotics, drives,
programmable logic controllers (PLC) and computerized numerical
control (CNC), production planning,
process optimization, open control systems, human machine
interfaces (HMI), vision systems and industrial networks.

Components of an Automation System
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 Instrumentation
 Main Controller (PLC, CNC, PC Based, DCS)
 HMI/MMI
 Software (Soft Logic, Soft CNC, In Touch, I-Fix)
 Communications (Ethernet, Fieldbus, DeviceNet)
 Panel Components (starters, fusing etc.)
 Drives/Motors
 Enterprise Software (SCADA, MES, MRP etc.)
 Sensors (flow meters, feedback, limit switches)
 Actuators (valves, pumps, solenoids, heaters etc.).

Programmable logic controller (PLC)
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 A Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)-
programmable controller - a type of computer commonly
used in commercial and industrial control applications.
 PLCs differ from office computers in the types of
tasks that they perform and the hardware and software
they require to perform these tasks.
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But Why.?!
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 Read any report on the future of plant-based operations and the
manufacturing industry, and there’s only one consensus:
Automation is set to disrupt almost every area and process,
including equipment communications, maintenance and repairs, and
production.
 The only area in manufacturing that seems to be immune to the
automation takeover so far is the Programmable Logic Controller,
or PLCs. There’s a reason why the global market for PLCs stands
at $16 billion a year, growing annually at 9.2%.

But Why.?!
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 Their robust design, low costs, and simplicity in the face of complex
integrations make them a fundamental component in
manufacturing.
 Without PLCs, many businesses wouldn’t be able to support the
implementation of new control technology.
 For now, PLCs continue to remain integral to the digital
transformation Industry 4.0 promises to make.

But Why.?!
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But Why.?!
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 A programmable logic controller is a specialized computer
used to control machines and processes. It therefore shares
common terms with typical PCs like central processing unit,
memory, software and communications.
 Unlike a personal computer though the PLC is designed to
survive in a rugged industrial atmosphere and to be very
flexible in how it interfaces with inputs and outputs to the
real world.

What it is.??
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What it is.??
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 The components that make a PLC work can be divided
into three core areas.
 The power supply and rack
 The central processing unit (CPU)
 The input/output (I/O) section

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 A PLC works by continually scanning a program.
 We can think of this scan cycle as consisting of 3 important
steps.
 There are typically more than 3 but we can focus on the
important parts and not worry about the others.
 Typically the others are checking the system and updating the
current internal counter and timer values.

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 Step 1-CHECK INPUT STATUS-First the PLC takes a look at
each input to determine if it is on or off. In other words, is the
sensor connected to the first input on? How about the second
input? How about the third... It records this data into its
memory to be used during the next step.

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 Step 2-EXECUTE PROGRAM-Next the PLC executes your
program one instruction at a time. Maybe your program said
that if the first input was on then it should turn on the first
output. Since it already knows which inputs are on/off from
the previous step it will be able to decide whether the first
output should be turned on based on the state of the first
input. It will store the execution results for use later during
the next step.

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 Step 3-UPDATE OUTPUT STATUS-Finally the PLC updates
the status of the outputs. It updates the outputs based on
which inputs were on during the first step and the results of
executing your program during the second step. Based on the
example in step 2 it would now turn on the first output
because the first input was on and your program said to turn
on the first output when this condition is true.

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 Response Time
 INPUT- It took a certain amount of time for the brain to notice the input
signal from the eyes.
 EXECUTION- It took a certain amount of time to process the information
received from the eyes. Consider the program to be: If the eyes see an ugly
picture then output appropriate words to the mouth.
 OUTPUT- The mouth receives a signal from the brain and eventually spits (no
pun intended) out the words "Gee, that's a really ugly picture!”

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 Response Time

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PLC Hardware type
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PLC Hardware type
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PLC Hardware type
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PLC Hardware type
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PLC Programming type
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PLC Basic Advantages
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PLC Applications
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Queries.?!

PLC – INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION.pptx

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