The document describes 10 plant species that are suitable for riparian buffers in Bangladesh. It provides the binomial name, native name, and key characteristics of each species. The plants included are Samanea saman (raintree), Swietenia mahagoni (mahogany), Mangifera indica (mango), Cocos nucifera (coconut), Lagerstroemia speciosa (jarul), Areca catechu (supari), Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit), Acacia auriculiformis (akashmoni), Albizia lebbeck (kalo koroi), and Albizia procera (sada k

1. RIDAY SAHA
PLANTS FOR RIPARIAN BUFFER FOR BANGLADESH

2. Binomial Name:
Samanea Saman
Native Name:
Raintree
Characteristic:
Saman is a wide-canopied tree with a large symmetrical
umbrella-shaped crown. It usually reaches a height of 15–25
m (49–82 ft) and a diameter of 30 m (98 ft). The leaves fold in
rainy weather and in the evening, hence the names rain tree
and five o'clock tree. The tree has pinkish flowers with white
and red stamens, set on heads with around 12–25 flowers
per head. These heads may number in the thousands,
covering the whole tree. The seed pods of the tree contain
sticky, edible flesh.

3. Binomial Name:
Swietenia Mahagoni
Native Name:
Mahagoni
Characteristic:
Swietenia mahagoni is a medium-sized semi-evergreen tree growing
to 30–35 metres (98–115 ft) tall. The leaves are pinnate, 12–25
centimetres (4.7–9.8 in) long, with four to eight leaflets, each leaflet
5–6 centimetres (2.0–2.4 in) long and 2–3 centimetres (0.79–1.18
in) broad; there is no terminal leaflet. The flowers are small,
produced in panicles. The fruit is a woody capsule 5–10 centimetres
(2.0–3.9 in) long and 3–6 centimetres (1.2–2.4 in) broad, containing
numerous winged seeds.

4. Binomial Name:
Mangifera Indica
Native Name:
Aam
Characteristic:
A large green tree, valued mainly for its fruits, both green and ripe.
Approximately 210 varieties of mango have been reported. It can
grow up to 15–30 metres (49–98 ft) tall. The tree grows best in well-
drained sandy loam; it does not grow well in heavy wet soils. The
optimal pH of the soil should be between 5.2 and 7.5.
Mangos are typically 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long and greenish yellow in
color. The interior flesh is bright orange and soft with a large, flat pit
in the middle.The skin and pulp account for 85% of the mango's
weight, and the remaining 15% comes from the stone (seed).

5. Binomial Name:
Cocos Nucifera
Native Name:
Narikel
Characteristic:
Cocos nucifera is a large palm, growing up to 30 m (100 ft) tall, with
pinnate leaves 4–6 m (13–20 ft) long, and pinnae 60–90 cm (2–3 ft)
long; old leaves break away cleanly, leaving the trunk smooth. On
fertile soil, a tall coconut palm tree can yield up to 75 fruits per year,
but more often yields less than 30. Given proper care and growing
conditions, coconut palms produce their first fruit in six to ten
years, taking 15 to 20 years to reach peak production.
Botanically, the coconut fruit is a drupe, not a true nut.The exocarp
is the glossy outer skin, usually yellow-green to yellow-brown in
color. The endocarp is around 4 mm (0.16 in) thick.

6. Binomial Name:
Lagerstroemia Speciosa
Native Name:
Jarul
Characteristic:
Small to medium-sized tree growing to 20 metres (66 ft) tall, with
smooth, flaky bark. The leaves are deciduous, oval to elliptic, 8–15
cm (3.1–5.9 in) long and 3–7 cm (1.2–2.8 in) broad, with an acute
apex. The flowers are produced in erect panicles 20–40 cm (7.9–
15.7 in) long, each flower with six white to purple petals 2–3.5 cm
(0.79–1.38 in) long. The flowers in this plant blooms only once in a
year at the peak of summer.

7. Binomial Name:
Areca Catechu
Native Name:
Supari
Characteristic:
Areca catechu is a medium-sized palm tree, growing straight to 20
m (66 ft) tall, with a trunk 10–15 cm (4–6 in) in diameter. The leaves
are 1.5–2 m (4.9–6.6 ft) long, pinnate, with numerous, crowded
leaflets. Areca catechu is grown for its commercially important seed
crop, the areca nut.
The seed contains alkaloids such as arecaidine and arecoline, which,
when chewed, are intoxicating and slightly addictive. Areca palms
are grown in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan and
many other Asian countries for their seeds.

8. Binomial Name:
Artocarpus Heterophyllus
Native Name:
Jackfruit
Characteristic:
Artocarpus heterophyllus grows as an evergreen tree that has a
relatively short trunk with a dense treetop. It easily reaches heights
of 10 to 20 m (33 to 66 feet) and trunk diameters of 30 to 80 cm (12
to 31 inches). It sometimes forms buttress roots. The bark of the
jackfruit tree is reddish-brown and smooth. In the event of injury to
the bark, a milky juice is released.
The leaves are alternate and spirally arranged. They are gummy and
thick and are divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The petiole is
2.5 to 7.5 cm (1 to 3 inches) long. The leathery leaf blade is 20 to 40
cm (7 to 15 inches) long, and 7.5 to 18 cm (3 to 7 inches) wide and
is oblong to ovate in shape.

9. Binomial Name:
Acacia Auriculiformis
Native Name:
Akashmoni
Characteristic:
Acacia auriculiformis is an evergreen tree that grows between to
15–30 m tall, with a trunk up to 12 m long and 50 cm in diameter.[4]
The trunk is crooked and the bark vertically fissured. Roots are
shallow and spreading. It has dense foliage with an open, spreading
crown. Leaves 10–16 cm long and 1.5–2.5 cm wide with 3–8 parallel
nerves, thick, leathery and curved.
Flowers are 8 cm long and in pairs, creamy yellow and sweet
scented. Pods are about 6.5 x 1.5 cm, flat, cartilaginous, glaucous,
transversely veined with undulate margins.

10. Binomial Name:
Albizia Lebbeck
Native Name:
Kalo-koroi
Characteristic:
Albizia Lebbeck tree growing to a height of 18–30 m tall with a
trunk 50 cm to 1 m in diameter. The leaves are bipinnate, 7.5–15 cm
long, with one to four pairs of pinnae, each pinna with 6–18
leaflets. The flowers are white, with numerous 2.5–3.8 cm long
stamens, and very fragrant. The fruit is a pod 15–30 cm long and
2.5-5.0 cm broad, containing six to twelve seeds.
Its uses include environmental management, forage, medicine and
wood. It is cultivated as a shade tree in North and South America. In
India and Pakistan, the tree is used to produce timber. Wood from
Albizia lebbeck has a density of 0.55-0.66 g/cm3 or higher.

11. Binomial Name:
Albizia Procera
Native Name:
Sada-koroi
Characteristic:
A. procera is typically between 7 and 15 meters tall, although
occasionally it reaches 30 meters in height. It is deciduous, going
leafless in the dry season (August-September). The leaves are bi-
pinnate, with 2-5 pairs of sub-opposite pinnae and a 10-30
centimeter rachis. The bark is smooth and light-colored, exfoliating
to reveal a reddish color underneath. It produces sessile greenish-
yellow flowers with long, threadlike white stamens, creating a
puffball effect; these are borne on racemes 8-25 centimeters long.
The flowers give way to rich red or reddish-brown flattened pods
containing 6-12 small, greenish-brown seeds.

12. • https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-150630
• https://www.google.com/
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332046490_The_Riparian_Tree_Species_Composition_and_Diversity_of_the_Midstream_of_Halda_
River_in_Chittagong_Bangladesh
• https://www.journalajraf.com/index.php/AJRAF/article/view/30029/56349
• https://www.wikipedia.org/
Reference's: