Software product development teams – and people in general - commonly over-estimate their ability to convey information in documents, diagrams, and in discussions. To make matters worse, they typically have too much faith in the validity of their personal mental models to frame the problems that need to be solved. As a result, misinterpretations often remain undetected for months, milestones are missed, and deliverables don’t meet expectations. Many failures are avoidable by recognising the role of customers - and of communication and collaboration - in software product development.
This document discusses various aspects of software development processes. It begins with an overview of traditional waterfall software development processes versus more modern agile processes. It then covers source code management tools and how they have evolved from centralized version control to distributed version control. Next, it discusses important software development processes such as determining origin of code, export controls, licensing, and copyright. Finally, it briefly outlines different levels of software support and how client self-assist is evolving to provide more automated support capabilities.
My talk at PMI Sweden Congress 2013 on Agile and Large Software ProductsSvante Lidman
This is my "Success Factors for Agile Development of Very Large Software Products" as it was presented at the PMI Sweden Congress on March 11 2013. The title of the presentation is in Swedish but the material is almost completely in English.
The document discusses requirements in agile projects. It defines what requirements are and notes that requirements are often insufficient on projects. Agile focuses on prioritizing user needs, collaborating with customers, and responding to change over comprehensive documentation. Some tips for capturing requirements in agile include writing requirements just in time, using visual models to find gaps, and noting when documentation is still needed for regulatory, compliance, architectural or long-range planning reasons. Agile is presented as an alternative to waterfall but no single approach fits every situation.
This document outlines roles and responsibilities for the Midrange team in supporting the ISETS/INvest project. It discusses providing technical support across several areas including applications, servers, security, and integration with other agencies. It emphasizes the importance of experience, training, and acting as a control gate for level 3 support tickets. Charts are included showing the project organization and Midrange's role in the software development lifecycle.
The document describes an online TV music channel that will broadcast video clips and interviews from unsigned bands in London, Lisbon, and Madrid, requiring users to install a plug-in to view the content which artists can submit through an online form. Stakeholders include independent artists, record labels, consumers, and those internally involved like programmers and designers. The project is suited for RAD methodology with evolutionary methodology used to deliver a working system and throwaway prototyping for testing the plug-in and new video format.
The document summarizes an exhibition held at the Jewish Museum in Washington D.C. in September-November 1970 called "Software – Information Technology: Its New Meaning for Art". It featured early works exploring the intersection of software, information technology, and art by pioneers like Woodman/Nelson, Negroponte, and Levine. However, the exhibition was reportedly a "disaster" as the computers did not work properly and gerbils in their cages attacked each other, leading to financial issues for the museum and the director being dismissed.
The presentation from "2 minutes" series by Itransition Software Development Company describing the main aspects of software product development, what makes it different from custom development, the useful tips for your business plan.
This document discusses various aspects of software development processes. It begins with an overview of traditional waterfall software development processes versus more modern agile processes. It then covers source code management tools and how they have evolved from centralized version control to distributed version control. Next, it discusses important software development processes such as determining origin of code, export controls, licensing, and copyright. Finally, it briefly outlines different levels of software support and how client self-assist is evolving to provide more automated support capabilities.
My talk at PMI Sweden Congress 2013 on Agile and Large Software ProductsSvante Lidman
This is my "Success Factors for Agile Development of Very Large Software Products" as it was presented at the PMI Sweden Congress on March 11 2013. The title of the presentation is in Swedish but the material is almost completely in English.
The document discusses requirements in agile projects. It defines what requirements are and notes that requirements are often insufficient on projects. Agile focuses on prioritizing user needs, collaborating with customers, and responding to change over comprehensive documentation. Some tips for capturing requirements in agile include writing requirements just in time, using visual models to find gaps, and noting when documentation is still needed for regulatory, compliance, architectural or long-range planning reasons. Agile is presented as an alternative to waterfall but no single approach fits every situation.
This document outlines roles and responsibilities for the Midrange team in supporting the ISETS/INvest project. It discusses providing technical support across several areas including applications, servers, security, and integration with other agencies. It emphasizes the importance of experience, training, and acting as a control gate for level 3 support tickets. Charts are included showing the project organization and Midrange's role in the software development lifecycle.
The document describes an online TV music channel that will broadcast video clips and interviews from unsigned bands in London, Lisbon, and Madrid, requiring users to install a plug-in to view the content which artists can submit through an online form. Stakeholders include independent artists, record labels, consumers, and those internally involved like programmers and designers. The project is suited for RAD methodology with evolutionary methodology used to deliver a working system and throwaway prototyping for testing the plug-in and new video format.
The document summarizes an exhibition held at the Jewish Museum in Washington D.C. in September-November 1970 called "Software – Information Technology: Its New Meaning for Art". It featured early works exploring the intersection of software, information technology, and art by pioneers like Woodman/Nelson, Negroponte, and Levine. However, the exhibition was reportedly a "disaster" as the computers did not work properly and gerbils in their cages attacked each other, leading to financial issues for the museum and the director being dismissed.
The presentation from "2 minutes" series by Itransition Software Development Company describing the main aspects of software product development, what makes it different from custom development, the useful tips for your business plan.
Falvey Partners' latest sector overview covers market trends, recent transactions, active consolidators and market maps of specific companies operating in the digital marketing software space.
This intermediate course will go beyond the basics and look at some unconventional wisdom when it comes to deploying software. Large installers, complex installers, repackaging, and more- we'll take a look at best practices that fit. Learn more: http://dell.to/1GDYpr8
The 2016 Framework for Evaluating Content Marketing SoftwareUberflip
It's 2016, and it's clear that content is no longer only in the marketer's domain — it fulfills the entire buyer journey from engagement and lead generation all the way through to sales and customer retention.
As such, the marketing technology landscape has exploded with content marketing software options. While this explosion of solutions is exciting, it can also be confusing and difficult to navigate. Should you seek a platform or point solutions? How do you avoid "software silos"? What kind of software do you actually need to crush your B2B marketing goals?
In this presentation, Uberflip Co-Founder and CEO Yoav Schwartz provides an authentic framework through which content marketing software should be evaluated to build a powerful marketing technology stack.
You’ll learn:
- How to navigate the marketing technology landscape and assess different content marketing software solutions
- How to avoid software silos and ensure your content marketing software is fully integrated with your marketing technology stack
- How to audit your marketing technology and build a lean, mean content marketing machine for your organization
How to Become a Thought Leader in Your NicheLeslie Samuel
Are bloggers thought leaders? Here are some tips on how you can become one. Provide great value, put awesome content out there on a regular basis, and help others.
The document discusses the elusive nature of software quality. It defines quality as meeting user requirements as well as usability factors. Measuring quality is challenging as it depends on perspectives. Process improvements like total quality management, six sigma and software quality function deployment can help improve quality by focusing on customer needs and continuous process enhancement. However, achieving high quality is difficult given the complex nature of software and how it depends on many interconnected factors including hardware, people, processes, and other software.
This presentation describes Agile development practices as well as the requirements for building secure applications. It examines ways that teams can incorporate security into Agile development projects to successfully meet the goals of both.
A question of trust - understanding Open Source risksTim Mackey
As presented at the Bay Area Cyber Security Meetup on January 25th, 2018.
Open source development paradigms have become the norm for most software development. This is regardless of whether you're making the next great IoT device, a new container microservice, or desktop application. While open source components are often viewed as free, and definately help solve problems in a scalable way, using them in a secure manner requires an understanding of how open source development really works.
In this sesssion, I covered how secure development practices with data center regulations can benefit from an understanding of open source development. Specifically, we looked at fork management, community engagement and patch management. We ended with an open source maturity model.
This document provides an introduction to DevOps. It discusses what DevOps is, including continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines. It describes the duties of a DevOps engineer, such as developing solutions for continuous delivery, infrastructure strategy, security, and more. It also covers topics like what is included in a CI/CD pipeline, securing a CI/CD pipeline, and common DevOps tools and technologies.
Program versus Software, Software Characteristics, S/W Failure rate, Evolution Pattern, Types of Software, Stakeholders in Software Engineering, Software Quality, Software Crisis, Software Engineering: A Layered Technology, Evolution of Design Techniques, Exploratory style of S/W Development
Demystifying Binary Reverse Engineering - Pixels CampAndré Baptista
Reverse engineering is not just about uncovering the hidden behaviour of a given technology, system, program or device. It's actually an art and a mindset. Reversing is used by some government agencies, secret services, antivirus software companies, hackers and students. It can be used for many purposes: cracking/bypassing software, botnet analysis, finding 0day exploits, interpreting unknown protocols, understanding malware or finding bugs in apps.
Adressing requirements with agile practicesfboisvert
This document discusses addressing non-functional requirements with agile practices. It defines non-functional requirements as specifying "how well" functional requirements must behave by imposing constraints. The document recommends breaking down non-functional requirements into internal "rules" that guide software construction and external "restrictions" that are tested. It provides examples of expressing functional requirements as user stories and scenarios for clarity. The document advocates using techniques like pair programming and peer review to confirm rules are followed, and testing to confirm restrictions are met. This ensures both internal and external quality expectations are satisfied.
The document discusses the problems with tightly coupling application configuration to the deployment process in traditional Puppet-driven deployments. It proposes using inline templates to decouple configuration from Puppet masters and version control systems. This would allow configuration values to be provided securely at deployment time rather than being exposed. The benefits are said to include embracing CI/CD processes, reducing complexity, opportunities for error, and meeting security and policy requirements by separating sensitive values.
The document discusses securing the "last mile" of the software supply chain, which refers to getting software deployed from development to production. It presents a process for hardening the deployment pipeline that involves identifying security requirements, determining which components are trusted vs untrusted, analyzing for vulnerabilities, and refining the model by adding new trusted components until no vulnerabilities remain. Specifically, it applies this process to example deployment pipeline that uses Jenkins and Docker, finding vulnerabilities and addressing them by adding steps like encrypting files and verifying image checksums using small, independently verifiable components.
Kill Administrator: Fighting Back Against Admin RightsScriptLogic
We’re not talking about killing the Administrator. That would be you, and that would be wrong. Rather, it’s time we eliminated the role of Administrator from our Windows servers and desktops.
Administrator privileges are Windows’ necessary evil. Why? Standard Windows user rights just aren’t powerful enough to accomplish many needed tasks, so users demand elevated rights for everything. That’s the problem with Administrator: You either have it or you don’t.
With a new approach to delegating administrative privileges, you can granularly elevate privileges in applications and the operating system. Windows itself has such a solution in its built-in AppLocker functionality. AppLocker is a good tool to whitelist apps you’ve approved to run, but it isn’t without its shortfalls.
Join Concentrated Technology’s Greg Shields and ScriptLogic’s Nick Calavancia as they compare the AppLocker approach with ScriptLogic’s Privilege Authority product. You’ll find that finding the right balance requires the right set of tools.
In this webinar, we will cover:
1. Getting to least privilege – killing admin rights
2. Administrative granularity – balancing lockdown with productivity
3. Lockdown rules that work
The document discusses how design mapping can help user experience designers working in agile environments. It begins by noting some challenges of agile UX design, such as not having enough time to fully design and build all desired features. It then introduces design mapping as a way to plan and prioritize designs. Design mapping involves brainstorming ideas, organizing them on a map based on user workflows, and designing in layers from basic requirements to more advanced features. This ensures the most important user needs are met first while allowing for enhancements later. The document provides examples of how design mapping was used at ProQuest to plan new administrator functionality.
(DVO311) Containers, Red Hat & AWS For Extreme IT AgilityAmazon Web Services
Red Hat is helping organizations like Duke University become more efficient by delivering environmental parity for container-based applications across physical, virtual, private cloud, and public cloud environments. Red Hat delivers a comprehensive, integrated, and modular platform for containerized application delivery across the open hybrid cloud - from the OS platform, to software-defined storage, to development and deployment, and management. Through its work with Certified Cloud Service Providers like AWS, Red Hat ensures that application containers built for Red Hat Enterprise Linux can seamlessly move across public clouds. In this session, you will learn how Duke University used containers on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and AWS to combat a denial-of-service attack; how companies are using containers to increase the quality and speed of software delivery; key considerations for implementing container-based applications that can be moved across public clouds; and challenges organizations experience when using containers and how to address them. This session is sponsored by Red Hat.
This document provides an overview of managing software debt in practice, with a focus on quality debt. It discusses the different types of software debt including technical, quality, configuration management, design, and platform experience. It emphasizes the importance of asserting quality through practices like having a clear definition of done and implementing test automation. The document outlines how one team significantly reduced their testing costs from $17,000 to $7,000 per iteration by introducing the Fit framework and automating their regression tests.
Agile estimation and planning focuses on iterative development with short planning cycles. Teams work together in short iterations to deliver working software. Planning occurs through story mapping and estimation rather than detailed Gantt charts. Constant inspection and adaptation allows teams to respond to changes rather than rigidly following a predefined plan. Traditional waterfall planning fails because it relies on overly optimistic estimates far into the future and does not adapt to new information learned.
Falvey Partners' latest sector overview covers market trends, recent transactions, active consolidators and market maps of specific companies operating in the digital marketing software space.
This intermediate course will go beyond the basics and look at some unconventional wisdom when it comes to deploying software. Large installers, complex installers, repackaging, and more- we'll take a look at best practices that fit. Learn more: http://dell.to/1GDYpr8
The 2016 Framework for Evaluating Content Marketing SoftwareUberflip
It's 2016, and it's clear that content is no longer only in the marketer's domain — it fulfills the entire buyer journey from engagement and lead generation all the way through to sales and customer retention.
As such, the marketing technology landscape has exploded with content marketing software options. While this explosion of solutions is exciting, it can also be confusing and difficult to navigate. Should you seek a platform or point solutions? How do you avoid "software silos"? What kind of software do you actually need to crush your B2B marketing goals?
In this presentation, Uberflip Co-Founder and CEO Yoav Schwartz provides an authentic framework through which content marketing software should be evaluated to build a powerful marketing technology stack.
You’ll learn:
- How to navigate the marketing technology landscape and assess different content marketing software solutions
- How to avoid software silos and ensure your content marketing software is fully integrated with your marketing technology stack
- How to audit your marketing technology and build a lean, mean content marketing machine for your organization
How to Become a Thought Leader in Your NicheLeslie Samuel
Are bloggers thought leaders? Here are some tips on how you can become one. Provide great value, put awesome content out there on a regular basis, and help others.
The document discusses the elusive nature of software quality. It defines quality as meeting user requirements as well as usability factors. Measuring quality is challenging as it depends on perspectives. Process improvements like total quality management, six sigma and software quality function deployment can help improve quality by focusing on customer needs and continuous process enhancement. However, achieving high quality is difficult given the complex nature of software and how it depends on many interconnected factors including hardware, people, processes, and other software.
This presentation describes Agile development practices as well as the requirements for building secure applications. It examines ways that teams can incorporate security into Agile development projects to successfully meet the goals of both.
A question of trust - understanding Open Source risksTim Mackey
As presented at the Bay Area Cyber Security Meetup on January 25th, 2018.
Open source development paradigms have become the norm for most software development. This is regardless of whether you're making the next great IoT device, a new container microservice, or desktop application. While open source components are often viewed as free, and definately help solve problems in a scalable way, using them in a secure manner requires an understanding of how open source development really works.
In this sesssion, I covered how secure development practices with data center regulations can benefit from an understanding of open source development. Specifically, we looked at fork management, community engagement and patch management. We ended with an open source maturity model.
This document provides an introduction to DevOps. It discusses what DevOps is, including continuous integration and continuous delivery pipelines. It describes the duties of a DevOps engineer, such as developing solutions for continuous delivery, infrastructure strategy, security, and more. It also covers topics like what is included in a CI/CD pipeline, securing a CI/CD pipeline, and common DevOps tools and technologies.
Program versus Software, Software Characteristics, S/W Failure rate, Evolution Pattern, Types of Software, Stakeholders in Software Engineering, Software Quality, Software Crisis, Software Engineering: A Layered Technology, Evolution of Design Techniques, Exploratory style of S/W Development
Demystifying Binary Reverse Engineering - Pixels CampAndré Baptista
Reverse engineering is not just about uncovering the hidden behaviour of a given technology, system, program or device. It's actually an art and a mindset. Reversing is used by some government agencies, secret services, antivirus software companies, hackers and students. It can be used for many purposes: cracking/bypassing software, botnet analysis, finding 0day exploits, interpreting unknown protocols, understanding malware or finding bugs in apps.
Adressing requirements with agile practicesfboisvert
This document discusses addressing non-functional requirements with agile practices. It defines non-functional requirements as specifying "how well" functional requirements must behave by imposing constraints. The document recommends breaking down non-functional requirements into internal "rules" that guide software construction and external "restrictions" that are tested. It provides examples of expressing functional requirements as user stories and scenarios for clarity. The document advocates using techniques like pair programming and peer review to confirm rules are followed, and testing to confirm restrictions are met. This ensures both internal and external quality expectations are satisfied.
The document discusses the problems with tightly coupling application configuration to the deployment process in traditional Puppet-driven deployments. It proposes using inline templates to decouple configuration from Puppet masters and version control systems. This would allow configuration values to be provided securely at deployment time rather than being exposed. The benefits are said to include embracing CI/CD processes, reducing complexity, opportunities for error, and meeting security and policy requirements by separating sensitive values.
The document discusses securing the "last mile" of the software supply chain, which refers to getting software deployed from development to production. It presents a process for hardening the deployment pipeline that involves identifying security requirements, determining which components are trusted vs untrusted, analyzing for vulnerabilities, and refining the model by adding new trusted components until no vulnerabilities remain. Specifically, it applies this process to example deployment pipeline that uses Jenkins and Docker, finding vulnerabilities and addressing them by adding steps like encrypting files and verifying image checksums using small, independently verifiable components.
Kill Administrator: Fighting Back Against Admin RightsScriptLogic
We’re not talking about killing the Administrator. That would be you, and that would be wrong. Rather, it’s time we eliminated the role of Administrator from our Windows servers and desktops.
Administrator privileges are Windows’ necessary evil. Why? Standard Windows user rights just aren’t powerful enough to accomplish many needed tasks, so users demand elevated rights for everything. That’s the problem with Administrator: You either have it or you don’t.
With a new approach to delegating administrative privileges, you can granularly elevate privileges in applications and the operating system. Windows itself has such a solution in its built-in AppLocker functionality. AppLocker is a good tool to whitelist apps you’ve approved to run, but it isn’t without its shortfalls.
Join Concentrated Technology’s Greg Shields and ScriptLogic’s Nick Calavancia as they compare the AppLocker approach with ScriptLogic’s Privilege Authority product. You’ll find that finding the right balance requires the right set of tools.
In this webinar, we will cover:
1. Getting to least privilege – killing admin rights
2. Administrative granularity – balancing lockdown with productivity
3. Lockdown rules that work
The document discusses how design mapping can help user experience designers working in agile environments. It begins by noting some challenges of agile UX design, such as not having enough time to fully design and build all desired features. It then introduces design mapping as a way to plan and prioritize designs. Design mapping involves brainstorming ideas, organizing them on a map based on user workflows, and designing in layers from basic requirements to more advanced features. This ensures the most important user needs are met first while allowing for enhancements later. The document provides examples of how design mapping was used at ProQuest to plan new administrator functionality.
(DVO311) Containers, Red Hat & AWS For Extreme IT AgilityAmazon Web Services
Red Hat is helping organizations like Duke University become more efficient by delivering environmental parity for container-based applications across physical, virtual, private cloud, and public cloud environments. Red Hat delivers a comprehensive, integrated, and modular platform for containerized application delivery across the open hybrid cloud - from the OS platform, to software-defined storage, to development and deployment, and management. Through its work with Certified Cloud Service Providers like AWS, Red Hat ensures that application containers built for Red Hat Enterprise Linux can seamlessly move across public clouds. In this session, you will learn how Duke University used containers on Red Hat Enterprise Linux and AWS to combat a denial-of-service attack; how companies are using containers to increase the quality and speed of software delivery; key considerations for implementing container-based applications that can be moved across public clouds; and challenges organizations experience when using containers and how to address them. This session is sponsored by Red Hat.
This document provides an overview of managing software debt in practice, with a focus on quality debt. It discusses the different types of software debt including technical, quality, configuration management, design, and platform experience. It emphasizes the importance of asserting quality through practices like having a clear definition of done and implementing test automation. The document outlines how one team significantly reduced their testing costs from $17,000 to $7,000 per iteration by introducing the Fit framework and automating their regression tests.
Agile estimation and planning focuses on iterative development with short planning cycles. Teams work together in short iterations to deliver working software. Planning occurs through story mapping and estimation rather than detailed Gantt charts. Constant inspection and adaptation allows teams to respond to changes rather than rigidly following a predefined plan. Traditional waterfall planning fails because it relies on overly optimistic estimates far into the future and does not adapt to new information learned.
Core Principles of CI was a presentation that covered:
1) The definition of continuous integration as automated builds that run many times a day.
2) The key aspects of CI including source code compilation, database integration, testing, inspection, deployment, feedback, and producing deployable software.
3) The benefits of CI like reduced human error, rapid feedback cycles, increased project visibility and confidence, and facilitating communication.
Vulnerability Management In An Application Security WorldDenim Group
Identifying application-level vulnerabilities via penetration tests and code reviews is only the first step in actually addressing the underlying risk. Managing vulnerabilities for applications is more challenging than dealing with traditional infrastructure-level vulnerabilities because they typically require the coordination of security teams with application development teams and require security managers to secure time from developers during already-cramped development and release schedules. In addition, fixes require changes to custom application code and application-specific business logic rather than the patches and configuration changes that are often sufficient to address infrastructure-level vulnerabilities.
This presentation details many of the pitfalls organizations encounter while trying to manage application-level vulnerabilities as well as outlines strategies security teams can use for communicating with development teams. Similarities and differences between security teams’ practice of vulnerability management and development teams’ practice of defect management will be addressed in order to facilitate healthy communication between these groups.
From the OWASP Washington DC meeting August 5, 2009.
The document discusses how to minimize human errors in software development through prevention and detection. It recommends taking an incremental and iterative approach where each phase of development (requirements analysis, design, construction, and verification) includes efforts to both prevent errors from occurring and detect any errors after the phase is complete. This approach aims to find and address defects as early as possible in the software development lifecycle to reduce costs compared to finding issues later. The key aspects are applying prevention and detection techniques incrementally and iteratively throughout each phase of analysis, design, construction, and verification.
Wireframing with Your Team in Mind (Susana Esparza & Jason Kolaitis & Jennife...uxpa-dc
The document is a presentation about creating wireframes with the intended audience in mind. It discusses best practices for creating wireframes for different roles on a project team, including project managers, developers, visual designers, and clients. It recommends including details like revision histories, annotations, and mapping features to requirements to make the wireframes most useful for each audience. The presentation aims to help people create more effective wireframes that facilitate collaboration and set expectations for all stakeholders.
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2. Language Artefacts
A language artefact is a container of information that
• is created by a specific actor (human or a system)
• is consumed by at least one actor (human or system)
• represents a natural unit of work (for the creating and consuming actors)
• may contain links to other language artefacts
• has a state and a life-cycle
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Photo_with_histogram.JPG
3. Examples
Language artefacts are non-hardware artefacts
• information content of pheromones
• information content of body language
• live music
• live speech
• information content in traditional symbolic notations
• program/diagram/hypertext/database content
• information content of recorded sound/pictures/videos
• information content of genetic material
5. Today
Software suffers from
the same problems as http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
way back File:Cloud_computing_icon.svg
• when natural language evolved to
enrich the exchange between humans
• Increasingly the artefacts exchanged
between humans are neither hardware http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Discussion.jpg
nor natural language (encoded in
speech or symbolic notation)
• All language artefacts share the
probems of natural language:
unanticipated interpretations, etc.
6. Production
Communication [part 1]: Desired Intent
• All software is expressed
in code
• Each code adheres to
a syntax defined in a meta code
• The producer associates
a desired intent with software
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Encoding_communication-1-.jpg
7. Consumption
Communication [part 2]: Semantics
• The semantics of software are determined
by the reactions of consumers, not by the producer
• The desired intent and the semantics
can only be aligned through
extensive instantiation (by producers)
and semantic processing (by consumers)
of example instances
• Definition: An instance is a set that contains one
and only one element at any given point in time
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Encoding_communication-1-.jpg
8. Communication?
Golf f
nce o
Concept
rs
Concept
insta
of ca
is an
ABC instance
123
is an ABC 1
23
Instance Instance
Golf
engineer sales person
11. The Software Buyer
Knows there’s a problem
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:JonWoodApril2007Texas.jpg
12. The Software Buyer
Knows there’s a problem
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:JonWoodApril2007Texas.jpg
but can’t visualize the software
solution to the problem
13. Value of Software
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
is hard to File:Cloud_computing_icon.svg
communicate
• It’s not tangible
• It’s not raw information
• Customers suspect hidden costs
14. Help the Buyer
to visualize the
software
• The buyer must recognise your
product as the desired solution
within 5 to 10 minutes
• The buyer is easily confused by
details and unfamiliar jargon
• The buyer extrapolates from first
impressions:
installation and configuration
15. First Impressions
Shock of Configuration &
Customization
• Configurability has either been grafted on at the last
minute or is the result of unsubstantiated speculation
by the software team
• No one thought about the importance of decision
binding times
• No one thought about the level of abstraction at
which users typically articulate configuration needs
• Modularity of configuration artefacts is insufficient
• Functionality such as consistency checks and change
impact analysis is either lacking or poor
16. First Impressions
Shock of Configuration &
Customization
• Configurability has either been grafted on at the last
minute or is the result of unsubstantiated speculation
by the software team
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:A-380_Cockpit.jpg • No one thought about the importance of decision
binding times
• No one thought about the level of abstraction at
which users typically articulate configuration needs
• Modularity of configuration artefacts is insufficient
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ • Functionality such as consistency checks and change
File:RecipeBook_XML_Example.svg impact analysis is either lacking or poor
17. First Impressions
Shock of Configuration &
Customization
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ • Configurability has either been grafted on at the last
File:Portrait_Dearnell_portrait.JPG
minute or is the result of unsubstantiated speculation
by the software team
• No one thought about the importance of decision
binding times
• No one thought about the level of abstraction at
which users typically articulate configuration needs
• Modularity of configuration artefacts is insufficient
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/ • Functionality such as consistency checks and change
File:Portrait_gilles.jpg impact analysis is either lacking or poor
18. First Impressions
Shock of Configuration &
Customization
• Configurability has either been grafted on at the last
minute or is the result of unsubstantiated speculation
Golf by the software team
• No one thought about the importance of decision
binding times
• No one thought about the level of abstraction at which
users typically articulate configuration needs
• Modularity of configuration artefacts is insufficient
ABC 123
• Functionality such as consistency checks and change
impact analysis is either lacking or poor
19. First Impressions
Shock of Configuration &
Customization
• Configurability has either been grafted on at the last
minute or is the result of unsubstantiated speculation
by the software team
• No one thought about the importance of decision
binding times
• No one thought about the level of abstraction at which
users typically articulate configuration needs
• Modularity of configuration artefacts is insufficient
• Functionality such as consistency checks and change
impact analysis is either lacking or poor
20. First Impressions
Shock of Configuration &
Customization
• Configurability has either been grafted on at the last
minute or is the result of unsubstantiated speculation
by the software team
• No one thought about the importance of decision
binding times
• No one thought about the level of abstraction at which
users typically articulate configuration needs
• Modularity of configuration artefacts is insufficient
• Functionality such as consistency checks and change
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Ann_dependency_graph.png
impact analysis is either lacking or poor
21. Market Assessment (Example)
Tier 1 2 3
Length of Sales Cycle +++ ++ +
Simple Web Based Marketing + ++ +++
Configurability Expectations +++ ++ +
# of Potential Customers + ++ +++
Total Value ++ +++ +
Tier-1 market is not always the biggest
23. Economics of Software
Software products can get killed by
• Long time to market
• Poor user interface
• Configuration and customisation costs
• Maintenance & developmemt costs of new features
The last item eventually kills most products
24. Economics of Software
Software products can get killed by
• Long time to market
• Poor user interface
• Configuration and customisation costs
• Maintenance & developmemt costs of new features
The last item eventually kills most products
25. Economics of Software
Software products can get killed by
• Long time to market
• Poor user interface
• Configuration and customisation costs
• Maintenance & developmemt costs of new features
The last item eventually kills most products
26. Economics of Software
Software products can get killed by
• Long time to market
• Poor user interface
• Configuration and customisation costs
• Maintenance & developmemt costs of new features
The last item eventually kills most products
27. Economics of Software
Software products can get killed by
• Long time to market
• Poor user interface
• Configuration and customisation costs
• Maintenance & developmemt costs of new features
The last item eventually kills most products
28. Economics of Software
Software products can get killed by
• Long time to market
• Poor user interface
• Configuration and customisation costs
• Maintenance & developmemt costs of new features
The last item eventually kills most products!
29. Domain Analysis
Analysis of variabilities & commonalities
• Dimensions of variability (e.g. legislation, interface types, bus. units)
• Binding times & asscociated roles
• Elements within each dimension of variability
• Effects of each variability in terms of product features
• Market value of each dimension of variability
Ask customers/prospects, don’t speculate
30. Product Family Development
Domain Engineering
Timeboxed Iterations
Define application family and develop production facility
Application Engineering Environment
Modelling Language Definitions
+Tools (Editors, Generators, Interpreters, Transformations)
+Application Engineering Process
Application Engineering
Timeboxed Iterations
Produce family members
Applications
Applications
Applications
Applications
31. Release Management
Domain Engineering
Timeboxed Iterations
Define application family and develop production facility
AE Environment R1.0
AE Environment R1.1
AE Environment R1.2
AE Environment R2.0
Feedback
Feedback
Feedback
Application Engineering
Timeboxed Iterations
Produce family members
R1.0
A,B,C, ...
Apps
R1.1
A,B,C, ...
Apps
R1.2
A,B,C, ...
Apps
33. Pain Point
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/
File:Ann_dependency_graph.png
number of
semantic links
between modules
Dependency graphs must also be modularised
34. Models
Species : DomesticAnimal
isAbstract : yes
dateOfBirth
Models are
software artefacts
that represent Species : Dog Species : Cat
isAbstract : no [2] isAbstract : no [2]
isPoliceDog
the desired intent [*] [*]
associated with a system
Dog : Jack Cat : Coco
{1/5/03, yes} {4/3/07}
in a human-friendly Dog : Susie
{1/2/00, no}
Cat : Peter
{10/9/98}
syntax
35. Modelling is about Clarity
All models are code
• a system of symbols used for
• identification
• classification in the sense of grouping
• a system of signals used to send messages
• a set of conventions governing behaviour
Modelling is meta coding
to improve clarity of code
36. Modelling
Language
Design http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Human_Cognition.jpg
Modelling language design
is a balancing act between simplicity
and not compromising the desired intent
• Focus is on the view point of human cognitive ability
• Modelling languages often make use of multiple syntax elements
(visual containers, visual symbols, text, mathematical expressions)
• Syntax elements are either borrowed from existing language artefacts,
or are designed and incrementally refined in close collaboration with
the user community
37. Interpretation
<=> airplane or aircraft ?
<=> commercial aircraft ?
<=> ship or boat ?
<=> ferry or cruise ship ?
<=> car ferry ?
<=> paddler or boat ?
Observation: It works 80% of the time
38. Less Speculation
... and much more validation
• Guessing 80% of what customers need is not
good enough
• Get customers involved in product design
• Instantiate models to obtain rapid feedback
• Act on feedback - within weeks, not months
(c) copyright 2006, Blender Foundation / Netherlands
• Validate working software Media Art Institute / www.elephantsdream.org
with selected customers on a monthly basis
41. More Information
The Role of Artefacts tiny.cc/artefacts
From Muddling to Modelling tiny.cc/muddleToModel
Model Oriented Domain Analysis tiny.cc/domainanalysis
Multi-Level Modelling tiny.cc/gmodel
tiny.cc/sematpos_jbe,
Perspective on SEMAT
tiny.cc/sematslides_jbe
Denotational Semantics tiny.cc/densem
Thank you
Jorn Bettin jbe @ sofismo.ch
Software is Models www.sofismo.ch