Introducing the second series on the growth of the US Navy, post-Civil War. This is an introduction to the second half of the 19th century when Britain still ruled the waves. The focus is on Imperialism.
7 f2015 Mercantiism, the Commonwealth Navy, and WarRobert Ehrlich
The advance of mercantilism in England through the Commonwealth leads to the first Anglo-Dutch war, a naval war with France and a naval war with Spain. England develops a professional navy
Introducing the second series on the growth of the US Navy, post-Civil War. This is an introduction to the second half of the 19th century when Britain still ruled the waves. The focus is on Imperialism.
7 f2015 Mercantiism, the Commonwealth Navy, and WarRobert Ehrlich
The advance of mercantilism in England through the Commonwealth leads to the first Anglo-Dutch war, a naval war with France and a naval war with Spain. England develops a professional navy
The African Burial Ground and the History of Slavery in New York CityBob Mayer
At one point, New York City was second only to Charleston in the number of slaves. When Wall Street was actually a defensive wall, half-freed blacks formed a community north of it, outside the wall. They were denied, by law, from burying in the city so had their own burial ground. What happened to it?
Covers the Pequot War of 1634 to 1638, the effects of the English Civil War and the Interregnum on Puritan New England, and King Philip's War, which lasted from 1675 to 1677.
Sea power 2, session 5, founding a maritime powerJim Powers
This session concludes the War of the American Revolution which had become a world war. The Battle of the Saints in the West Indies became a third "turning point."
When did the British Empire happen?
In the 16th century, England started to conquer territories and started to become powerful. After the Second World War, England lost almost all of the territories that they had and as part of a larger de colonization movement by European powers, most of the territories of the British Empire were granted independence, ending with the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997. 14 territories remain under British sovereignty, the British Overseas Territories. After independence, many former British colonies joined the Commonwealth of Nations, a free association of independent states. 16 Commonwealth Nations share their head of state, Queen Elizabeth II, as Commonwealth realms.
Britain was a little country with a big idea: to expand and become really powerful.
How big was the British Empire?
At first the growth of the British Empire was for the competition for resources and markets which existed over a period of centuries between England and it continental rivals (Spain, France and Holland). After the wars against Dutch, French, and Spanish countries they managed to conquered eastern coast of North America, Caribbean and Africa. The excuse they used to conquer Africa was based in Darwin’s theory of the evolution, they thought black people were less important and with less rights than the white people so they could use them as slaves, it was a racist ideal.
Then, they claim Canada, the Caribbean and most importantly, the East Coast of America. After a while, the Americans declared the independence, they discovered Australia, they claimed it and also decided to claim India too, and India and the Caribbean were the countries that Britain was more interested to conquer.
The British Empire started to be weak after lose one of the most important battles, the Japanese saw that weakness and they attack them, the British Empire lost against Japan and most of the territories get their independence, so the British Empire was nearly disappeared.
Curiosities
When the British Empire was powerful, it was said that “the sun never sets on the British Empire”. That was because the British Empire was extended all across the world and the sun was always shining on, at least one of the territories.
Tea is from India
Sugar is from the Caribbean
Cotton was picked by slaves in America.
Presentación del “Modelo Metodológico de Incorporación de las TIC en el área de Ciencias Sociales” del Colegio Eduardo Santos I.E.D. (Bogotá). Se incluyen los ajustes realizados al proyecto original “TICs-Sociales”, desarrollado entre 2002 y 2011, así como los reconocimientos obtenidos durante su socialización.
The African Burial Ground and the History of Slavery in New York CityBob Mayer
At one point, New York City was second only to Charleston in the number of slaves. When Wall Street was actually a defensive wall, half-freed blacks formed a community north of it, outside the wall. They were denied, by law, from burying in the city so had their own burial ground. What happened to it?
Covers the Pequot War of 1634 to 1638, the effects of the English Civil War and the Interregnum on Puritan New England, and King Philip's War, which lasted from 1675 to 1677.
Sea power 2, session 5, founding a maritime powerJim Powers
This session concludes the War of the American Revolution which had become a world war. The Battle of the Saints in the West Indies became a third "turning point."
When did the British Empire happen?
In the 16th century, England started to conquer territories and started to become powerful. After the Second World War, England lost almost all of the territories that they had and as part of a larger de colonization movement by European powers, most of the territories of the British Empire were granted independence, ending with the handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997. 14 territories remain under British sovereignty, the British Overseas Territories. After independence, many former British colonies joined the Commonwealth of Nations, a free association of independent states. 16 Commonwealth Nations share their head of state, Queen Elizabeth II, as Commonwealth realms.
Britain was a little country with a big idea: to expand and become really powerful.
How big was the British Empire?
At first the growth of the British Empire was for the competition for resources and markets which existed over a period of centuries between England and it continental rivals (Spain, France and Holland). After the wars against Dutch, French, and Spanish countries they managed to conquered eastern coast of North America, Caribbean and Africa. The excuse they used to conquer Africa was based in Darwin’s theory of the evolution, they thought black people were less important and with less rights than the white people so they could use them as slaves, it was a racist ideal.
Then, they claim Canada, the Caribbean and most importantly, the East Coast of America. After a while, the Americans declared the independence, they discovered Australia, they claimed it and also decided to claim India too, and India and the Caribbean were the countries that Britain was more interested to conquer.
The British Empire started to be weak after lose one of the most important battles, the Japanese saw that weakness and they attack them, the British Empire lost against Japan and most of the territories get their independence, so the British Empire was nearly disappeared.
Curiosities
When the British Empire was powerful, it was said that “the sun never sets on the British Empire”. That was because the British Empire was extended all across the world and the sun was always shining on, at least one of the territories.
Tea is from India
Sugar is from the Caribbean
Cotton was picked by slaves in America.
Presentación del “Modelo Metodológico de Incorporación de las TIC en el área de Ciencias Sociales” del Colegio Eduardo Santos I.E.D. (Bogotá). Se incluyen los ajustes realizados al proyecto original “TICs-Sociales”, desarrollado entre 2002 y 2011, así como los reconocimientos obtenidos durante su socialización.
Learning from the Pirates of the Late 1600s - The first APTAdam Hogan
This presentation was given by Adam Hogan on January 16, 2017 at BSides Columbus. Recorded here: http://ig2.me/jX
One of the biggest differences we face from our adversaries is a significant profit motive to breach your environments. But social science work on how criminals organize is lacking, what with criminals being so unwilling to advertise their methods. My theory is that we can instead learn from historian criminal organizations. Pirate companies share a lot in common with cyber-criminals - roaming the seas instead of cyberspace and sailing through significant gaps in international law. And what I've learned is that pirates were impressively organized. These pirate companies, forced to innovate or die (literally), turned into some of the most progressive companies the world had ever seen. There is a lot of learn from this stunning level of innovation. These were the first Nation State level adversaries the American people faced following the revolutionary war. My goal for this talk is to convince you that we can learn a lot about how today's criminals organize and my extension learn what strategies stopped pirates in the past (and which ones didn't). And the very least we should have a healthy respect for professional criminals.
The real pirates of the Caribbean; A Golden AgeMaria Koonce
Who were they? What was their impact from the 1600s to the 1720s in this region? Were they romantic, honorable, successful, admirable, glamorous? You will decide.
2. “-poor men in canvas jackets and tarred
breeches – constructed a social world
where they had ‘the choice in
themselves.’ This was truly a culture of
masterless men” ~ Rediker
3.
4. Queen Elizabeth discovered that
contraband merchants and
freebooters could be helpful
In a time of ‘peace’ during war era she
hired on these men to sabotage
Spanish and Portuguese ships
An advisor of hers recommend to hire
the sailors openly to be able to tax
what they take
This lead to the difference between
“men of choice”, and “choice men”
5. The Corsairs from France were
some of the first examples of
looting and plundering.
Drake and Hawkins followed their
route north of Panama
Spanish gave them the name
piratas, or sea-raiders.
The actions of Drake, Hawkins, and
Morgan instilled fear into the
Spanish and Portuguese.
Captain Drake’s flag
Elizabethan
Pirates (1558-
1603)
6. Spain’s take-over of where
original Dutch salt mines were
located required them to fight
back
They attempted to take over
part of Brazil and the Caribbean
to take over the sugarcane
trade.
The Dutch’s tactics gradually
changed from relaxed idea to
intimidation and fear
The Dutch
Pirates
7. The Golden Age:
Buccaneers• The most famous port was Port
Royal in Jamaica
• Many of these men were ex-
merchants and ex-navy men who
had been treated poorly
• With their encroaching on the
Caribbean, relations with the Dutch
became stressed, as well as French
who were on the Island of Tortuga.
• King James I sent many
commissions condoning their
actions for looting Spanish
ships and offered them jobs
with merchants and the navy
8. Guidelines to Piracy
• Democracy, everything was a vote
• Most infractions punishable by
death or marooning.
• Captain, Quartermaster, Council,
and rest of the crew.
• Many men did volunteer because
of better standards.
• Any argument between sailors was
handled off the ship. This kept
tensions at bay.
• The only time the Captain had
100% control was during fights,
fleeing, or pursuing.
9. Boarding the Ship: The Easiest Way
Possible
Step 1: Raise the Jolly Roger
Step 2: Command the other ship to stop, when
they don’t, use heavy artillery.
Step 3: Board ship, beat up a few sailors, tie
them all up.
Step 4: “Distribution of Justice” The
quartermaster questions how the
commander of the ship has treated his
crew.
Step 5: Search for the booty Food, Rum,
Silver & Gold, Medicine, Ammunition.
Step 6: Give crew ultimatum to join. (Pirates
were volunteer only)
Step 7: Destroy ship and sail away with new
found goodies.
10. • By the mid 18th century piracy
was actively pursued by the
authorities
• Seen as enemies of the state.
• These men walked to the
gallows head held high
11. Bibliography:
Cordingly, David. Under the Black Flag: The Romance and the Reality of Life
among the Pirates. New York: Random House, 1995.
Fuchs, Barbara. "Faithless Empires: Pirates, Renegadoes, and the English
Nation." ELH 67, no. 1 (2000): 45-69. http://www.jstor.org/stable/30031906.
Leeson, Peter T. "An‐arrgh‐chy: The Law and Economics of Pirate
Organization."Journal of Political Economy 115, no. 6 (2007): 1049-094.
Lane, Kris E. Pillaging the Empire Piracy in the Americas 1500-1750. Armonk,
NY: M.E. Sharp, 1998.
Rediker, Marcus. ""Under the Banner of King Death": The Social World of Anglo-
American Pirates, 1716 to 1726." The William and Mary Quarterly 38, no. 2
(1981): 203-27.
Editor's Notes
With the discovery of the New World and new trade many new merchant sailors came to be.
Some of them chose to not follow all the particular guidelines.
One man in particular, John Hawkins started his career out as a slave trader.
He discovered another contact though and was able to obtain slaves on his own without having to pay the taxes.
As Drake and Hawkins passed, the Dutch (already a sea empire) begin to play by their own rules.
The history of these men is greatly discussed in A general History of Pyrates, by Captain Charles Johnson.
