We describe a case report of 20 years old female with pigmentation over the dorsum of the tongue since childhood. Examination of the oral cavity showed pigmentation of fungi form papilla on lateral and dorsal aspect of tongue...
This document provides a summary of various conditions that affect the tongue, including fissured tongue, median rhomboidal glossitis, benign migratory glossitis, hairy tongue, crenated tongue, foliate papillitis, and leukokeratosis nicotine glossitis. For each condition, it describes the classification, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment options. A team of doctors presented the information, which was organized into sections on classification, introduction, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of tongue conditions.
Papillon–Lefevre Syndrome: A Case Report with Review of LiteratureAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract :papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome (PLS) Is A Very Rare Autosomal Recessive Disorder Characterized By Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis And Severe Early Onset Of Destructive Periodontitis Leading To Premature Loss Of Both Primary And Permanent Dentitions. Here We Are Presenting Case Report Of Siblings Who Presented With Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis And Aggressive Periodontitis.
Keywords: Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome, Periodontitis, Palmoplantar, Hyperkeratosis, Cathepsin C
The document discusses the embryological development of the tongue and various congenital and acquired abnormalities that can affect the tongue. It describes how the tongue develops from swellings in the embryo and fetal pharyngeal arches. It then summarizes several common tongue abnormalities such as aglossia, microglossia, macroglossia, ankyloglossia, cleft tongue, fissured tongue, and lingual varices. For each abnormality it provides a brief definition and discusses potential causes, clinical features, histology if relevant, and sometimes treatment options.
This document provides information on oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), including its definition, history, pathogenesis, clinical features, and staging classifications. OSMF is a chronic disease affecting the oral cavity and sometimes pharynx, characterized by juxtaepithelial inflammatory reaction and fibrosis of the lamina propria. Chewing betel quid and areca nut releases alkaloids and tannins that cause irritation and inflammation, activating fibroblasts and increasing production and cross-linking of collagen over time, resulting in stiffness and inability to open the mouth. OSMF is considered a precancerous condition due to its association with oral cancer. Staging systems describe progression from initial symptoms to trismus and possible malignancy
Periodontal therapy involves the diagnosis and treatment of plaque-associated diseases as well as non-plaque related conditions like desquamative gingivitis. Desquamative gingivitis presents as erythema, desquamation, and ulceration of the gingiva and can be caused by conditions like lichen planus, pemphigoid, and pemphigus vulgaris. The pathogenesis involves autoimmune responses against epithelial antigens that disrupt cellular junctions and cause separation of the epithelium from the underlying connective tissue. Management consists of treating the underlying cause, improving oral hygiene, and using topical or systemic corticosteroids.
This document describes a case report of a solitary angiokeratoma lesion found on the tongue of a 38-year-old male patient. Solitary angiokeratomas of the oral mucosa are rare. The lesion was a well-circumscribed, dark brown growth on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Histopathological examination revealed numerous dilated blood vessels in the papillary dermis along with hyperkeratosis and acanthosis of the epithelium, consistent with angiokeratoma. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for CD34, confirming the lesion contained proliferating blood vessels. No other lesions were found on the patient's body. The lesion was completely excised with no recurrence after 6 months of follow up.
This document provides guidance on performing an intraoral examination. It discusses examining the lips, labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, tongue, hard palate, soft palate, floor of mouth, and periodontium. For each structure, it describes the clinical examination steps of inspection and palpation to identify any abnormalities, lesions, or signs of disease. Common pathological conditions are also listed for each intraoral site. The document emphasizes performing a thorough intraoral soft tissue and periodontal examination to diagnose any oral diseases or issues.
This document provides a classification and overview of various disorders that can affect the tongue. It discusses inherited/congenital disorders like partial ankyloglossia, variations in tongue movement, and macroglossia. It also covers diseases of the lingual mucosa such as geographic tongue and hairy tongue. Finally, it summarizes disorders that affect the body of the tongue and tumors that can develop on the tongue.
This document provides a summary of various conditions that affect the tongue, including fissured tongue, median rhomboidal glossitis, benign migratory glossitis, hairy tongue, crenated tongue, foliate papillitis, and leukokeratosis nicotine glossitis. For each condition, it describes the classification, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment options. A team of doctors presented the information, which was organized into sections on classification, introduction, etiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of tongue conditions.
Papillon–Lefevre Syndrome: A Case Report with Review of LiteratureAbu-Hussein Muhamad
Abstract :papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome (PLS) Is A Very Rare Autosomal Recessive Disorder Characterized By Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis And Severe Early Onset Of Destructive Periodontitis Leading To Premature Loss Of Both Primary And Permanent Dentitions. Here We Are Presenting Case Report Of Siblings Who Presented With Palmoplantar Hyperkeratosis And Aggressive Periodontitis.
Keywords: Papillon-Lefèvre Syndrome, Periodontitis, Palmoplantar, Hyperkeratosis, Cathepsin C
The document discusses the embryological development of the tongue and various congenital and acquired abnormalities that can affect the tongue. It describes how the tongue develops from swellings in the embryo and fetal pharyngeal arches. It then summarizes several common tongue abnormalities such as aglossia, microglossia, macroglossia, ankyloglossia, cleft tongue, fissured tongue, and lingual varices. For each abnormality it provides a brief definition and discusses potential causes, clinical features, histology if relevant, and sometimes treatment options.
This document provides information on oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), including its definition, history, pathogenesis, clinical features, and staging classifications. OSMF is a chronic disease affecting the oral cavity and sometimes pharynx, characterized by juxtaepithelial inflammatory reaction and fibrosis of the lamina propria. Chewing betel quid and areca nut releases alkaloids and tannins that cause irritation and inflammation, activating fibroblasts and increasing production and cross-linking of collagen over time, resulting in stiffness and inability to open the mouth. OSMF is considered a precancerous condition due to its association with oral cancer. Staging systems describe progression from initial symptoms to trismus and possible malignancy
Periodontal therapy involves the diagnosis and treatment of plaque-associated diseases as well as non-plaque related conditions like desquamative gingivitis. Desquamative gingivitis presents as erythema, desquamation, and ulceration of the gingiva and can be caused by conditions like lichen planus, pemphigoid, and pemphigus vulgaris. The pathogenesis involves autoimmune responses against epithelial antigens that disrupt cellular junctions and cause separation of the epithelium from the underlying connective tissue. Management consists of treating the underlying cause, improving oral hygiene, and using topical or systemic corticosteroids.
This document describes a case report of a solitary angiokeratoma lesion found on the tongue of a 38-year-old male patient. Solitary angiokeratomas of the oral mucosa are rare. The lesion was a well-circumscribed, dark brown growth on the dorsal surface of the tongue. Histopathological examination revealed numerous dilated blood vessels in the papillary dermis along with hyperkeratosis and acanthosis of the epithelium, consistent with angiokeratoma. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for CD34, confirming the lesion contained proliferating blood vessels. No other lesions were found on the patient's body. The lesion was completely excised with no recurrence after 6 months of follow up.
This document provides guidance on performing an intraoral examination. It discusses examining the lips, labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, tongue, hard palate, soft palate, floor of mouth, and periodontium. For each structure, it describes the clinical examination steps of inspection and palpation to identify any abnormalities, lesions, or signs of disease. Common pathological conditions are also listed for each intraoral site. The document emphasizes performing a thorough intraoral soft tissue and periodontal examination to diagnose any oral diseases or issues.
This document provides a classification and overview of various disorders that can affect the tongue. It discusses inherited/congenital disorders like partial ankyloglossia, variations in tongue movement, and macroglossia. It also covers diseases of the lingual mucosa such as geographic tongue and hairy tongue. Finally, it summarizes disorders that affect the body of the tongue and tumors that can develop on the tongue.
This document reports a case study of a 63-year-old male patient with an unusual presentation of peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF). POFs typically affect younger females in the maxillary anterior gingiva. In this case, the POF occurred in an older male patient in the mandibular anterior gingiva. Histological examination of the excised lesion found features consistent with POF, including calcified deposits resembling cementum or bone within a cellular fibrous connective tissue stroma. While the etiology of POF remains uncertain, this case supports the view that at least some POFs may be true neoplastic lesions rather than purely reactive proliferations.
Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma: A Case Reportiosrjce
This case report describes a peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) in a 50-year-old male patient. The patient presented with a 3x3 cm swelling in the mandibular left posterior region. Radiographs showed well-marginated radiopaque lesions with radiolucent foci suggestive of calcifications. Histopathological examination revealed variable thickness stratified squamous epithelium with fibrovascular connective tissue containing dense collagen fibers, compressed blood vessels, chronic inflammatory cells, and osseous-like structures, confirming the diagnosis of POF. POF is a benign reactive gingival lesion that is commonly mistaken for other lesions clinically. Complete surgical excision is the recommended treatment due to the lesion's recurrence
The document discusses various diseases and conditions that can affect the tongue, including glossitis, vascular and lymphatic lesions like infantile hemangiomas and oral varices, infectious conditions like oral hairy leukoplakia and candidiasis, and malignant neoplasms such as squamous cell carcinoma. It provides details on the causes, clinical presentations, and treatments for each condition.
A 60-year-old male presented with a large intraoral mass on the floor of the tongue. Excision biopsy revealed the mass to be a lipoma, a benign tumor composed of adipose tissue that most commonly develops in subcutaneous tissues but can also occur in deeper tissues like the oral cavity. Lipomas typically occur in patients over 40 years of age and can cause interference with functions if allowed to grow large. Complete surgical excision is the recommended treatment and provides good long-term outcomes without recurrence, as was the case for this patient.
This document presents a classification system for oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) proposed by Deepak Passi et al. in 2017. The classification system grades OSMF on a scale from 1 to 4 based on clinical involvement, mouth opening ability, histopathological findings, and recommended treatment approaches. Grade 1 involves less than one-third of the oral cavity and has inflammatory histological features. Grade 4 involves over two-thirds of the oral cavity, possible malignant transformation, and requires surgical treatment including biopsies. The classification aims to assist clinicians in categorizing and managing OSMF based on disease severity.
This document provides guidance on examining the oral cavity, including the lips, labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, tongue, palate, floor of the mouth, and gingiva. It describes inspecting and palpating each area to check for abnormalities, lesions, or signs of disease. Specific pathological conditions that could be observed in each area are also listed. The document aims to guide dentists in thoroughly examining the structures of the oral cavity through direct visualization and touch.
This document discusses premalignant lesions and conditions of the oral cavity. It begins with an introduction and historical perspective on oral cancer and premalignant disorders. It then covers definitions and classifications of premalignant lesions and conditions. Specifically, it discusses potentially malignant disorders (PMDs), which is the current term used. It covers clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of oral leukoplakia, a common premalignant lesion. Histopathological grading of leukoplakia and differential diagnosis are also summarized.
Austin Otolaryngology is an open access, peer review journal publishing original research & review articles in all the fields of Otolaryngology. Otolaryngology deals with the study of ear, nose and throat. Austin Otolaryngology provides a new platform for students to publish their research work & update the latest research information in Otolaryngology.
Austin Otolaryngology is a comprehensive Open Access peer reviewed scientific Journal that covers multidisciplinary fields. We provide limitless access towards accessing our literature hub with colossal range of articles. The journal aims to publish high quality varied article types such as Research, Review, Short Communications, Case Reports, Perspectives (Editorials), Clinical Images.
Austin Otolaryngology supports the scientific modernization and enrichment in Otolaryngology research community by magnifying access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed member journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, collaborative and promotion of multidisciplinary science.
This document summarizes a presentation on a retrospective study comparing surgical treatment modalities for 100 patients with oral submucous fibrosis. The study compared outcomes of excising fibrous bands and using different grafting techniques, including buccal fat pad graft (group I), tongue flap (group II), nasolabial fold flap (group III), and split skin graft (group IV). The results found that buccal fat pad grafting had the highest mean mouth opening at 1 week post-op, highest post-op pain/function scores at 1 month, and offered ease of surgery and low morbidity. Tongue flap had the lowest post-op mouth opening and caused discomfort due to difficulty with tongue movement.
This document provides information on aggressive periodontitis, including its historical background, classification, clinical presentation, epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis. Some key points include:
- Aggressive periodontitis is a rare, severe form of periodontitis characterized by early onset and familial aggregation. It includes localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP).
- LAP typically affects first molars and incisors in adolescents/young adults and is associated with A. actinomycetemcomitans infection, while GAP has a more generalized pattern of attachment/bone loss.
- Screening involves measuring attachment loss via probing or radiographic assessment of alveolar bone levels
Mucocutaneous Involvement in Behcets Diseasenavasreni
Behçet’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by its clinical polymorphism associating mucocutaneous involvement to systemic manifestations. The mucocutaneous lesions are considered the hallmark of the disease, being the most common symptoms presenting at the onset of disease. Our objective was to determine the characteristics of this skin involvement during Behçet’s disease. We conducted a descriptive study over a period of 30 years, having collected all patients with Behçet’s disease.
Mucocutaneous Involvement in Behcets Diseasepateldrona
This document summarizes a study on mucocutaneous involvement in Behcet's disease. The study analyzed 98 patients over 30 years. All patients showed mucocutaneous lesions. Oral aphthosis was present in all patients, and genital ulcers were seen in 81% of patients. Other common lesions included pseudofolliculitis in 61% of patients and erythema nodosum in 7% of patients. All patients were treated with colchicine, while some severe cases also received corticosteroids or immunosuppressants. The main findings were that mucocutaneous lesions are very common in Behcet's disease, especially oral aphthosis and genital ul
Mucocutaneous Involvement in Behcets Diseasekomalicarol
Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by
its clinical polymorphism associating mucocutaneous involvement
to systemic manifestations. The mucocutaneous lesions are
considered the hallmark of the disease, being the most common
symptoms presenting at the onset of disease. Our objective was
to determine the characteristics of this skin involvement during
Behçet's disease. We conducted a descriptive study over a period
of 30 years, having collected all patients with Behçet's disease.
These were 98 patients. A male predominance was observed in
our studied population with a Sex Ratio of 2.5. The mean age at
diagnosis was 34 years. Mucocutaneous involvement was observed
in all patients. Oral aphthosis was constant and genital ulcers, were
observed in 81 cases. The other mucocutaneous manifestations
were: pseudofolliculitis (61 cases), erythema nodosum (7 cases),
skin ulcers (4 cases), acneiform lesions (2 cases), perianal ulcers (1
case), skin ulceration (1 case) and erythema multiforme. (1 case).
All of our patients were treated with colchicine. Corticosteroids
and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were each indicated in
one case for resistant forms
Mucocutaneous Involvement in Behcets Diseasesemualkaira
Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by
its clinical polymorphism associating mucocutaneous involvement
to systemic manifestations. The mucocutaneous lesions are
considered the hallmark of the disease, being the most common
symptoms presenting at the onset of disease. Our objective was
to determine the characteristics of this skin involvement during
Behçet's disease. We conducted a descriptive study over a period
of 30 years, having collected all patients with Behçet's disease.
These were 98 patients. A male predominance was observed in
our studied population with a Sex Ratio of 2.5. The mean age at
diagnosis was 34 years. Mucocutaneous involvement was observed
in all patients. Oral aphthosis was constant and genital ulcers, were
observed in 81 cases. The other mucocutaneous manifestations
were: pseudofolliculitis (61 cases), erythema nodosum (7 cases),
skin ulcers (4 cases), acneiform lesions (2 cases), perianal ulcers (1
case), skin ulceration (1 case) and erythema multiforme. (1 case).
All of our patients were treated with colchicine. Corticosteroids
and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were each indicated in
one case for resistant forms.
The document describes the process for examining pediatric patients. It involves general examination of vital signs, growth parameters, and structures of ectodermal origin. Local examination includes extraoral inspection of head and face structures and intraoral soft tissue and hard tissue examination. Examination methods depend on the child's age, using lap-to-lap position for children under 2 and examining in the dental chair for those over 3. The examination provides an overall assessment of the patient's health and development and identifies any abnormalities requiring medical referral.
This document provides an overview of interdisciplinary periodontics, covering interactions between periodontics and other dental specialties. It discusses the relationship between periodontics and endodontics, orthodontics, prosthodontics and restorative dentistry, oral surgery, oral pathology, and oral and maxillofacial radiology. For each interaction, it describes clinical findings, diagnoses, treatments, and prognoses. The document focuses in depth on endodontic-periodontal interactions and the relationship between orthodontics and periodontics.
MSX1 Polymorphism in an Eastern Nepalese Non Syndromic cleft lip/palate patie...Ashok Ayer
This study was carried out to evaluate the role of MSX1 799 G >T gene polymorphism with non Syndromic cleft lip/palate in Eastern Nepalese patient population. For the study, whole blood samples (2 ml) were obtained from 40 subjects and controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of the subjects by using ethanol, chloroform treatment. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to check for the presence of polymorphism. The results indicated that a patient has MSX1 799 G>T variant. The
patient was a male aged 24 years was a complete unilateral left sided cleft lip/palate involving alveolus, hard and soft palate. He had normal development and no associated anomaly. There was no family history of cleft lip/palate and no history of any teratogenic exposure during embryonic life as revealed by his mother. This may be a case of sporadic polymorphism. It may be concluded that ,although we detected the presence of a MSX1 799 G>T polymorphism in one patient, a further investigation with large sample size, including many SNP’s on families must be performed to get conclusive results.
This document provides a classification and overview of various tongue disorders and conditions. It discusses inherited, congenital, developmental anomalies as well as disorders affecting the lingual mucosa, body of the tongue, and tumors of the tongue. Specific conditions covered include geographic tongue, hairy tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, macroglossia, fissured tongue, ankyloglossia and more. For each condition, the document provides details on etiology, clinical features, management and related syndromes.
This paper continues the authors investigation into AD. We find that hydrogen peroxide appears to be the culprit in attacking the Papez circuit, especially in women. Familiarity with AT Math is assumed.
Eosinophilic Enterocolitis: A Rare Nosological Entitynavasreni
Eosinophilic enterocolitis is an exceptionally rare disease with few cases described in the literature. It is the least frequent manifestation of the broad spectrum of gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases. We describe a case of a female patient presenting with a form of the disease manifested by Koenig’s syndrome and diarrhea.
This paper provides some simple calculations from AT Math and Physics on how stuttering may occur. We see that adrenaline affects the frequency of the human mind resulting in a nerve signal velocity that is too slow for the tongue muscle to respond, thus no clear speech.
More Related Content
Similar to Pigmented Fungi Form Papilla of The Tongue – A Rare Entity
This document reports a case study of a 63-year-old male patient with an unusual presentation of peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF). POFs typically affect younger females in the maxillary anterior gingiva. In this case, the POF occurred in an older male patient in the mandibular anterior gingiva. Histological examination of the excised lesion found features consistent with POF, including calcified deposits resembling cementum or bone within a cellular fibrous connective tissue stroma. While the etiology of POF remains uncertain, this case supports the view that at least some POFs may be true neoplastic lesions rather than purely reactive proliferations.
Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma: A Case Reportiosrjce
This case report describes a peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) in a 50-year-old male patient. The patient presented with a 3x3 cm swelling in the mandibular left posterior region. Radiographs showed well-marginated radiopaque lesions with radiolucent foci suggestive of calcifications. Histopathological examination revealed variable thickness stratified squamous epithelium with fibrovascular connective tissue containing dense collagen fibers, compressed blood vessels, chronic inflammatory cells, and osseous-like structures, confirming the diagnosis of POF. POF is a benign reactive gingival lesion that is commonly mistaken for other lesions clinically. Complete surgical excision is the recommended treatment due to the lesion's recurrence
The document discusses various diseases and conditions that can affect the tongue, including glossitis, vascular and lymphatic lesions like infantile hemangiomas and oral varices, infectious conditions like oral hairy leukoplakia and candidiasis, and malignant neoplasms such as squamous cell carcinoma. It provides details on the causes, clinical presentations, and treatments for each condition.
A 60-year-old male presented with a large intraoral mass on the floor of the tongue. Excision biopsy revealed the mass to be a lipoma, a benign tumor composed of adipose tissue that most commonly develops in subcutaneous tissues but can also occur in deeper tissues like the oral cavity. Lipomas typically occur in patients over 40 years of age and can cause interference with functions if allowed to grow large. Complete surgical excision is the recommended treatment and provides good long-term outcomes without recurrence, as was the case for this patient.
This document presents a classification system for oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) proposed by Deepak Passi et al. in 2017. The classification system grades OSMF on a scale from 1 to 4 based on clinical involvement, mouth opening ability, histopathological findings, and recommended treatment approaches. Grade 1 involves less than one-third of the oral cavity and has inflammatory histological features. Grade 4 involves over two-thirds of the oral cavity, possible malignant transformation, and requires surgical treatment including biopsies. The classification aims to assist clinicians in categorizing and managing OSMF based on disease severity.
This document provides guidance on examining the oral cavity, including the lips, labial mucosa, buccal mucosa, tongue, palate, floor of the mouth, and gingiva. It describes inspecting and palpating each area to check for abnormalities, lesions, or signs of disease. Specific pathological conditions that could be observed in each area are also listed. The document aims to guide dentists in thoroughly examining the structures of the oral cavity through direct visualization and touch.
This document discusses premalignant lesions and conditions of the oral cavity. It begins with an introduction and historical perspective on oral cancer and premalignant disorders. It then covers definitions and classifications of premalignant lesions and conditions. Specifically, it discusses potentially malignant disorders (PMDs), which is the current term used. It covers clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of oral leukoplakia, a common premalignant lesion. Histopathological grading of leukoplakia and differential diagnosis are also summarized.
Austin Otolaryngology is an open access, peer review journal publishing original research & review articles in all the fields of Otolaryngology. Otolaryngology deals with the study of ear, nose and throat. Austin Otolaryngology provides a new platform for students to publish their research work & update the latest research information in Otolaryngology.
Austin Otolaryngology is a comprehensive Open Access peer reviewed scientific Journal that covers multidisciplinary fields. We provide limitless access towards accessing our literature hub with colossal range of articles. The journal aims to publish high quality varied article types such as Research, Review, Short Communications, Case Reports, Perspectives (Editorials), Clinical Images.
Austin Otolaryngology supports the scientific modernization and enrichment in Otolaryngology research community by magnifying access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed member journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, collaborative and promotion of multidisciplinary science.
This document summarizes a presentation on a retrospective study comparing surgical treatment modalities for 100 patients with oral submucous fibrosis. The study compared outcomes of excising fibrous bands and using different grafting techniques, including buccal fat pad graft (group I), tongue flap (group II), nasolabial fold flap (group III), and split skin graft (group IV). The results found that buccal fat pad grafting had the highest mean mouth opening at 1 week post-op, highest post-op pain/function scores at 1 month, and offered ease of surgery and low morbidity. Tongue flap had the lowest post-op mouth opening and caused discomfort due to difficulty with tongue movement.
This document provides information on aggressive periodontitis, including its historical background, classification, clinical presentation, epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis. Some key points include:
- Aggressive periodontitis is a rare, severe form of periodontitis characterized by early onset and familial aggregation. It includes localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP).
- LAP typically affects first molars and incisors in adolescents/young adults and is associated with A. actinomycetemcomitans infection, while GAP has a more generalized pattern of attachment/bone loss.
- Screening involves measuring attachment loss via probing or radiographic assessment of alveolar bone levels
Mucocutaneous Involvement in Behcets Diseasenavasreni
Behçet’s disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by its clinical polymorphism associating mucocutaneous involvement to systemic manifestations. The mucocutaneous lesions are considered the hallmark of the disease, being the most common symptoms presenting at the onset of disease. Our objective was to determine the characteristics of this skin involvement during Behçet’s disease. We conducted a descriptive study over a period of 30 years, having collected all patients with Behçet’s disease.
Mucocutaneous Involvement in Behcets Diseasepateldrona
This document summarizes a study on mucocutaneous involvement in Behcet's disease. The study analyzed 98 patients over 30 years. All patients showed mucocutaneous lesions. Oral aphthosis was present in all patients, and genital ulcers were seen in 81% of patients. Other common lesions included pseudofolliculitis in 61% of patients and erythema nodosum in 7% of patients. All patients were treated with colchicine, while some severe cases also received corticosteroids or immunosuppressants. The main findings were that mucocutaneous lesions are very common in Behcet's disease, especially oral aphthosis and genital ul
Mucocutaneous Involvement in Behcets Diseasekomalicarol
Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by
its clinical polymorphism associating mucocutaneous involvement
to systemic manifestations. The mucocutaneous lesions are
considered the hallmark of the disease, being the most common
symptoms presenting at the onset of disease. Our objective was
to determine the characteristics of this skin involvement during
Behçet's disease. We conducted a descriptive study over a period
of 30 years, having collected all patients with Behçet's disease.
These were 98 patients. A male predominance was observed in
our studied population with a Sex Ratio of 2.5. The mean age at
diagnosis was 34 years. Mucocutaneous involvement was observed
in all patients. Oral aphthosis was constant and genital ulcers, were
observed in 81 cases. The other mucocutaneous manifestations
were: pseudofolliculitis (61 cases), erythema nodosum (7 cases),
skin ulcers (4 cases), acneiform lesions (2 cases), perianal ulcers (1
case), skin ulceration (1 case) and erythema multiforme. (1 case).
All of our patients were treated with colchicine. Corticosteroids
and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were each indicated in
one case for resistant forms
Mucocutaneous Involvement in Behcets Diseasesemualkaira
Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by
its clinical polymorphism associating mucocutaneous involvement
to systemic manifestations. The mucocutaneous lesions are
considered the hallmark of the disease, being the most common
symptoms presenting at the onset of disease. Our objective was
to determine the characteristics of this skin involvement during
Behçet's disease. We conducted a descriptive study over a period
of 30 years, having collected all patients with Behçet's disease.
These were 98 patients. A male predominance was observed in
our studied population with a Sex Ratio of 2.5. The mean age at
diagnosis was 34 years. Mucocutaneous involvement was observed
in all patients. Oral aphthosis was constant and genital ulcers, were
observed in 81 cases. The other mucocutaneous manifestations
were: pseudofolliculitis (61 cases), erythema nodosum (7 cases),
skin ulcers (4 cases), acneiform lesions (2 cases), perianal ulcers (1
case), skin ulceration (1 case) and erythema multiforme. (1 case).
All of our patients were treated with colchicine. Corticosteroids
and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were each indicated in
one case for resistant forms.
The document describes the process for examining pediatric patients. It involves general examination of vital signs, growth parameters, and structures of ectodermal origin. Local examination includes extraoral inspection of head and face structures and intraoral soft tissue and hard tissue examination. Examination methods depend on the child's age, using lap-to-lap position for children under 2 and examining in the dental chair for those over 3. The examination provides an overall assessment of the patient's health and development and identifies any abnormalities requiring medical referral.
This document provides an overview of interdisciplinary periodontics, covering interactions between periodontics and other dental specialties. It discusses the relationship between periodontics and endodontics, orthodontics, prosthodontics and restorative dentistry, oral surgery, oral pathology, and oral and maxillofacial radiology. For each interaction, it describes clinical findings, diagnoses, treatments, and prognoses. The document focuses in depth on endodontic-periodontal interactions and the relationship between orthodontics and periodontics.
MSX1 Polymorphism in an Eastern Nepalese Non Syndromic cleft lip/palate patie...Ashok Ayer
This study was carried out to evaluate the role of MSX1 799 G >T gene polymorphism with non Syndromic cleft lip/palate in Eastern Nepalese patient population. For the study, whole blood samples (2 ml) were obtained from 40 subjects and controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood of the subjects by using ethanol, chloroform treatment. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to check for the presence of polymorphism. The results indicated that a patient has MSX1 799 G>T variant. The
patient was a male aged 24 years was a complete unilateral left sided cleft lip/palate involving alveolus, hard and soft palate. He had normal development and no associated anomaly. There was no family history of cleft lip/palate and no history of any teratogenic exposure during embryonic life as revealed by his mother. This may be a case of sporadic polymorphism. It may be concluded that ,although we detected the presence of a MSX1 799 G>T polymorphism in one patient, a further investigation with large sample size, including many SNP’s on families must be performed to get conclusive results.
This document provides a classification and overview of various tongue disorders and conditions. It discusses inherited, congenital, developmental anomalies as well as disorders affecting the lingual mucosa, body of the tongue, and tumors of the tongue. Specific conditions covered include geographic tongue, hairy tongue, median rhomboid glossitis, macroglossia, fissured tongue, ankyloglossia and more. For each condition, the document provides details on etiology, clinical features, management and related syndromes.
This paper continues the authors investigation into AD. We find that hydrogen peroxide appears to be the culprit in attacking the Papez circuit, especially in women. Familiarity with AT Math is assumed.
Eosinophilic Enterocolitis: A Rare Nosological Entitynavasreni
Eosinophilic enterocolitis is an exceptionally rare disease with few cases described in the literature. It is the least frequent manifestation of the broad spectrum of gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases. We describe a case of a female patient presenting with a form of the disease manifested by Koenig’s syndrome and diarrhea.
This paper provides some simple calculations from AT Math and Physics on how stuttering may occur. We see that adrenaline affects the frequency of the human mind resulting in a nerve signal velocity that is too slow for the tongue muscle to respond, thus no clear speech.
Ethics Review Preparedness During COVID-19 Outbreak and Local IRBs in Pakista...navasreni
Current COVID-19 outbreak has shaken almost all aspects of health. Pakistan is lower middle income
country where health system is fragmented due to chronic state of underinvestment in health. Provision
of basic health care during the current COVID-19 outbreak remains daunting task. Ethics and
regulatory systems are not fully mature [1]
Dynamics of the COVID-19 Comparison between the Theoretical Predictions and t...navasreni
A new coronavirus disease, called COVID-19, appeared in the Chinese region of Wuhan at the end of
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Pigmented Fungi Form Papilla of The Tongue – A Rare Entity
1. Annals of Clinical and Medical
Case Reports Case Report
Pigmented Fungi Form Papilla of The Tongue – A Rare Entity
Neerja Puri1*
1
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Punjab Health Systems Corporation, Ferozepur, Punjab, India
Volume 3 Issue 2- 2020
Received Date: 21 Feb 2020
Accepted Date: 10 Feb 2020
Published Date: 17 Mar 2020
2. Key words
Pigmented; papilla; fungi form;
dorsum; examination; tongue.
1. Abstract
1.1. Case Report: We describe a case report of 20 years old female with pigmentation over the
dorsum of the tongue since childhood. Examination of the oral cavity showed pigmentation of fungi
form papilla on lateral and dorsal aspect of tongue.
1.2. Discussion: Fungi form papilla is a benign pigmentary condition of the tongue present on the
tip, lateral aspect and dorsum of the tongue. It is a benign condition in which usually no treatment
is required.
1.3. Conclusion: It is important to know about this condition to avoid unnecessary investigations.
It is rare and hence reported.
3. Introduction
Pigmented Fungi form Papilla of Tongue (PFPT) is a pigmented
condition of the tongue [1, 2]. Very few textbooks of dermatology
have described this condition. It is seen in Indians and some Asian
races (especially Japanese), but is extremely rare in white popula-
tion. There is no specific treatment of this condition and reassur-
ance and counselling is the only option.
4. Case Report
We describe a case report of 20 years old female with pigmen-
tation over the fungi form papillae on the dorsum of the tongue
since childhood. According to the girl's mother, the condition was
not present at birth and developed at 12 years of age. The systemic
examination of the girl was normal. There was no abnormality de-
tected on cutaneous examination. Examination of the oral cavity
showed pigmentation of fungi form papilla on dorsal aspect of
tongue (Figure 1). The pigmentation was present in a diffuse and
symmetrical manner. The patient was asymptomatic with no other
signs and symptoms. All the routine investigations of the patient
were within normal limits. The patient was reassured of the benign
nature of this condition and no treatment was given.
5. Discussion
In fungi form papilla of the tongue there are multiple projections
scattered on the tip, lateral or dorsal parts of the tongue containing
taste buds. Most of the cases in the literature have been described
in the Africans; hence the black population is more susceptible
to it. Some cases have been reported in Asians especially Indians,
but the standard textbooks of dermatology hardly mention it. The
commonest age of presentation is in the second and third decade of
life. Males are more commonly involved than females.
PFPT has been divided into three clinical types [3]. The first type is
a well-circumscribed hyper pigmented area involving all the fungi
form papillae on the anterolateral side or towards the tip of the
tongue. The second type shows hyper pigmentation involving 3-7
fungi form papillae scattered on the dorsal surface of the tongue,
and in the third type hyper pigmentation is seen on every fungi
*Corresponding Author (s): Neerja Puri, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Punjab
Health Systems Corporation, Ferozepur, Punjab, India, E-mail: neerjaashu@rediffmail.com
Citation: Neerja Puri, Pigmented Fungi Form Papilla of The Tongue – A Rare Entity. Annals of Clinical and
Medical Case Reports. 2020; 3(1): 1-2.
http://www.acmcasereport.com/
Figure 1: 20 years old female showing pigmentation of the dorsum of tongue